Progress 07/01/07 to 06/30/13
Outputs
Target Audience: The target audience included but was not limited to: USA rice producers USA rice industry personnel (Research and Development, Sales, Marketing, Government Affairs, Millers, Merchants County extension personnel Private crop advisors Peer university breeders/programs Efforts: Most of the training was informal. Numerous opportunities were capitalized on to educate growers at the station or on grower fields in new variety development and management practices. Public field days were held annually to highlight the variety development program. Numerous private field days were held to give seed growers an opportunity to view the breeding pipeline. Finally, multiple Central and South American visitors came through the experiment station each year and we were instrumental in sharing how we operateThe target audience included but was not limited to: USA rice producers USA rice industry personnel (Research and Development, Sales, Marketing, Government Affairs, Millers, Merchants County extension personnel Private crop advisors Peer university breeders/programs Changes/Problems: A change of leadership brought in a different method of accomplishing the goals as well as slightly changed the priorities of the original stated goals. Rice quality became a major issue in 2011, and so the program rapidly responded in measuring current germplasm more closely as well as long term by hybridizing more high quality genetics What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Research Associates have been involved in three Rice Technical Working Group Meetings over the course of the project. They have also been trained and allowed to present extension and research information in grower and scientific settings. One research associate has been involved in two leadership development programs offered by the University. Three Research Associates have been trained to hybridize plants and manage a crossing program in the field and greenhouse. The same associates in addition to technical staff have been trained in how to integrate breeding and agronomic research/management for maximum efficiency. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Individualized field days as well as public field days have been used to bring awareness to the rice variety development program. An Annual Report is prepared each year and distributed in hard copies as well as electronically through the world wide web. The Rice Variety Trial is conducted each year and results disseminated at grower meetings, hard copies, and the world wide web What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
major activities completed; A complete overhaul of the breeding program occurred during 2009 – 2010. A higher throughput model was adopted and implemented that facilitated combine harvest for yield tests and seed purification. The process from Hybridization through segregating populations was made more efficient through the use of the Puerto Rico Winter Nursery. specific objectives met; Three cultivars were released during the life of this project. CL162 was the first Clearfield release from Mississippi. Rex is a high yielding southern USA long grain with excellent straw strength and has become very popular among producers in Mississippi. Bowman never achieved much success in production; however, it paved the way for other lines that will be released in 2014/2015 that have the ‘NewRex’ cook type which is favored in many domestic markets and has potential in Central America where the culture prefers rice that is more firm and separate in texture. significant results achieved: Marker assisted breeding was increased in the program and that allowed for the identification of hundreds of potential cultivars or parent material to further develop elite cultivars with ‘NewRex’ cook type. A blast disease epidemic occurred in 2012 in the LSU AgCenter rice breeding nursery. Many lines from Mississippi were included and pointed out that blast tolerance needed to improve in our elite lines. Hybridization over the last two years have put a large emphasis on blast resistance The breeder served on the USA Rice Marketing and Competitiveness Task Force since 2011. The information made privy to the breeding program has been integrated by implementing a method to evaluate chalk content in rice as well as hybridize rice with excellent grain appearance with rice that has high yields but inferior grain appearance Objectives not met had largely to do with a change of program leadership. The Mississippi Rice Breeding Program is not large enough to accomplish cultivar development for small niche markets efficiently. Specialty rice types like basmati, aromatic, medium and short grain types, are not priority for this program. Most of the efforts have been placed on southern USA long grain and ‘NewRex’ types that combine excellent yields, good disease and lodging resistance, early maturation, and premium grain quality (milling and appearance).
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2012
Citation:
Walker, T.W., N.W. Buehring, R.L. Atwill, J.L. Corbin, P.W. Fitts, L.S. Lanford, and S.D. Shaifer. 2012. Mississippi rice variety trials, 2012. Miss. Agric. and For. Exp. Stn. Information Bulletin No. 472. Mississippi State, MS.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Walker, T.W., R.L. Atwill, J.L. Corbin, P.W. Fitts, L.S. Lanford, S.D. Shaifer. 2013. Mississippi rice variety trials, 2013. Information Bulletin No. 481. Miss. Ag. And For. Exp. Stn. Mississippi State, MS.
|
Progress 01/01/11 to 09/30/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Year 2011 followed 2010 in that high temperatures were experienced again during the critical pollination period for rice production contributing to varying degrees blanking and yield reductions. Enhancing stable crop production through improved cultivar genotypes is dependent on yearly systematic field research to provide results applicable in the development the next generation of improved cultivars. Performance data generated from yield trials conducted in multi-environments is an essential component towards this goal. Rex, released in 2010, averaged 12.32 kg ha-1 (4.9 %) more yield than check cultivar Cocodrie, with the same stability index. Two breeding lines averaged 5.3 % and 7.1% more yield than Cocodrie. Both lines had stability indexes comparable to Cocodrie suggesting that the breeding and testing processes in place are leading new lines having increased field yield potentials while maintaining yield stability. Milling quality is of major importance to both growers and millers. Preliminary results indicate gains are possible with new lines under development. Progeny row nurseries consisted of 360890 segregating F3 to F5 lines involving both conventional and Clearfield(trademark) crosses.The occurrence of high temperatures during the the flowering/pollination period is a sensitive plant development period in regards to heat stress. It was apparent that some progeny lines and plants were more susceptible as evident by greater grain sterility observed on their panicles. With the diversity of parentage of the crosses, selection criteria included different maturities, plant stature types, disease resistance, and different types of cereal chemistry for end-use products. Approximately 7900 selections were collected. Additionally, about 2460 bulk lines will enter initial yield plots in 2012. In a cooperative program,genetic marker data provided by the USDA-ARS Genomics Laboratory facilitated the selection process in the breeding nursery. Twenty two F2 populations involving both conventional and Clearfiel(trademark)parents were established. Parents included both mid-south and indica cultivars and elite lines. Because of the parental diversity, these crosses have the potential to provide segregates and lines having considerable merit. Greenhouse facilities were used to produce F2 seed from 91 crosses. During the crossing season, 194 new crosses being made. Among the numerous parents utilized in these crosses were five sheath blight resistant PI's (PI 660982, PI 660983, PI 660984, PI 660985, and PI 660986) with known genetic markers that were developed from the RiceCAP project. PARTICIPANTS: Dwight G. Kanter, PI Timothy W. Walker, PI Walter L. Solomon, Research Associate II Scott Lanford Farm Supervisor (rice) Sanfrid Shaifer, Agricultural Technician Fitts Paxton, Research Associate I Myron Riddling, Agricultural Assistant Steve Felston, Agricultural Assistant Jennifer Corbin, Research Associate I Josh Burchfield, Agriculture Aide Edwin Clark , Agriculture Aide Partner Organizations: ARS-USDA MSA Genomics laboratory, Stoneville ARS-USDA Cereal Chemistry Lab., Beaumont, TX BASF California Cooperative Rice Research Foundation, Inc. Louisiana State University AgCenter Mississippi Rice Promotion Board. Mississippi Foundation Seed Stocks Mississippi Seedsman Association Southeast Missouri State University Texas AgriLife Research Center University of Arkansas, Rice Research and Extension Ctr. University of Puerto Rico USDA-ARS National Rice Research Center TARGET AUDIENCES: Dwight G. Kanter, PI Timothy W. Walker, PI Walter L. Solomon, Research Associate II Scott Lanford Farm Supervisor Sanfrid Shaifer, Agricultural Technician Fitts Paxton, Research Associate I Myron Riddling, Agricultural Assistant Steve Felston, Agricultural Assistant Jennifer Corbin, Research Associate I Josh Burchfield, Agriculture Aide Edwin Clark , Agriculture Aide Partner Organizations: ARS-USDA MSA Genomics laboratory, Stoneville ARS-USDA Cereal Chemistry Lab., Beaumont, TX BASF California Cooperative Rice Research Foundation, Inc. Louisiana State University AgCenter Mississippi Rice Promotion Board. Mississippi Foundation Seed Stocks Mississippi Seedsman Association Southeast Missouri State University Texas AgriLife Research Center University of Arkansas, Rice Research and Extension Ctr. University of Puerto Rico USDA-ARS National Rice Research Center PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
The continued good field performance of recent releases across challenging environments demonstrates their production merits. Grain yields of Rex and CL162 averaged about five percent more than their respective check cultivars in field trials. Continued yield increases by new cultivars is reflective of their improved resource use efficiency, most of which is energy dependent. Based on the parentage of current populations and lines under development, further improvements in grain yield potential, disease resistance, and grain and end-use qualities in future releases is anticipated
Publications
- Kanter, D.G., Walker, T.W., Buehring, N.W., Solomon, W.L., Lanford, L.S., Shaifer, S., Baird III, G.E., and Paxton, F. 2011. Mississippi Rice Variety Trials.2011. Information Bulletin. Submitted for publication.
- Solomon, W.L, D.G. Kanter, T.W. Walker, G.E. Baird III, B. Scheffler, L.S. Lanford, and S. Shaifer. 2012. Registration of 'Bowman' Southern Long-Grain Rice. J. Plant Registrations 6 (1):19-22.
- Solomon, W.L, D.G. Kanter, T.W. Walker, G.E. Baird III, L.S. Lanford, S. Shaifer, and P.W. Fitts. 2012. Registration of 'CL162' Long-Grain Rice. J. Plant Registrations 6 (1): 23-26.
- Solomon, W.L, D.G. Kanter, T.W. Walker, G.E. Baird III, B. Scheffler, L.S. Lanford, and S. Shaifer. 2012. Registration of 'Rex' Southern Long-Grain Rice. J. Plant Registrations6 (1):27-30.
|
Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/10
Outputs
OUTPUTS: This year's rice breeding program is highlighted with the approved release of two new cultivars. The 'Rex' release is a conventional cultivar with typical southern long grain cooking quality characteristics. Parents of the cross were Rosemont, Rexmont, and IR36. Rex is an early maturing semi-dwarf with excellent yield potential, and lodging resistance or standability. In four years of multi-location on-farm field trials, Rex averaged 214 bu./A compared to 207 bu./A for Cocodrie. Its outstanding lodging resistance will be a contributing factor in its economic impact through more stable yields, grain quality consistency, and harvest efficiency. Whole and total grain milling yields are good averaging 58 percent and 69 percent, respectively. The second release, CL162, is a cultivar possessing the Clearfield technology. It's a selection from a cross of CL161 and Priscilla combining favorable traits of both cultivars. In the four state mid-south regional yield nurseries, CL162 averaged 8 bu./A more than Wells indicating its wide adaptation to the region. Its early maturity of 111 days is similar to other recent Clearfield releases. It has excellent milling potential averaging 60 percent and 71 percent whole milled rice and total milled rice, respectively. Utilizing winter nurseries facilities in Puerto Rico helped to accelerated their development. The 2010 growing season was marked by a period of both high day and night temperatures, particularly during the critical time of pollination. Fields undergoing pollination during this time period experienced noticeable potential yield reductions due to blanking or sterility. Rice that was undergoing grain filling and maturing during this period also experienced lower milling quality. A total of 386 breeding lines and check cultivars involving both conventional and Clearfield types were evaluated in replicated yield trials conducted at multi-location on farm sites and on the experiment station. Disease pressures were essentially absent due to the dry and hot weather conditions. Top lines from these trials will be evaluated further in 2011 trials. Some of the new lines coming along are gradually shifting to earlier maturities while continuing to produce high grain yields. Multi-row observational plot trials consisting of 3300 new Clearfield and conventional breeding lines from numerous crosses provided initial agronomic and grain yield information. In cooperation with the USDA-ARS Genomics laboratory, molecular marker determinations were made on selected lines for identification of specific quality traits. The lines moving forward represent a range of phenotypes and genetic backgrounds for assessment in the various production environments. New crosses and early generation nurseries were established to continue to provide an ongoing flow of new selections for field evaluations. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals: Dwight G. Kanter,Timothy W. Walker, PI, Walter L. Solomon, Research Associate II, George E. Baird III,Research Associate III, Scott Lanford, Agricultural Technican, Sanfrid Shaifer, Agricultural Technican, Fitts Paxton, Research Associate I, Myron Riddling,Agricultural Technican,Steve Felston, Agricultural Technican, Jennifer Corbin,Agricultural Technican, Dale Sella Partner Organizations: ARS-USDA MSA Genomics laboratory, Stoneville ARS-USDA Cereal Chemistry Lab., Beaumont, TX BASF, California Cooperative Rice Research Foundation, Inc. Louisiana State University AgCenter Mississippi Rice Promotion Board. Mississippi Foundation Seed Stocks Mississippi Seedsman Association Southeast Missouri State University Texas AgriLife Research Center University of Arkansas, Rice Research and Extension Ctr. University of Puerto Rico USDA-ARS National Rice Research Center TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences include: Rice producers Rice mills Rice and food processors Agricultural industries supporting rice production Rice consultants PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
The two new long grain cultivar releases 'Rex' and 'CL162' will offer rice producers additional choices in planning their annual production programs. Rex with its high and stable grain yields and early maturity in four years of testing should contribute towards improving resource use efficiency in commercial production. Likewise, CL162 with its early maturity, lodging resistance, and good milling quality provide growers a choice to replace less productive earlier releases.
Publications
- Kanter, D.G., Walker, T.W., Buehring, N.W., Solomon, W.L., Lanford, L.S., Shaifer, S., Baird III, G.E., and Paxton, F. 2010. Mississippi Rice Variety Trials, 2010. Information Bulletin 459.
|
Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: High performing rice cultivars are the main stay of a viable rice industry. Genetically improved cultivars are needed to meet the on-going production challenges as well as to fulfill the present and changing needs of processors and the markets. Approximately 240,000 acres were planted in 2009, up about four percent from 2008 acreage. Rice cultivars with the ClearfieldR technology are gaining an increasing share of the planted acreage. 2009 presented a different mix of challenges in terms of weather patterns. September and October were among the wettest months on record. Wet field conditions and lodging contributed to considerable delays in timely harvesting and lower grain quality. Breeding lines and varieties numbering about 3860 entries were evaluated in a series of station (observational, preliminary, regional) and on-farm (advance) trials to identify elite germplasm and potential releases. Numbers of ClearfieldR lines being evaluated at the different stages increased substantially in 2009. In advance trials conducted in producers' fields across five Delta sites, the conventional line RU0804083 and an experimental ClearfieldR line both performed well averaging 212 and 207 bu/a, respectively. RU0804083's good straw strength (lodging resistance) and good milling outturns are other desirable qualities. Both lines are being considered as potential releases. Seed increases and purification steps were initiated. Line RU0804083 ranked second among 20 entries for mean yield performance in one of the advance group regional trials across the five mid-south states. Replicated preliminary yield trials consisted of two sets; the 169 ClearfieldR entries were evaluated in nine trials and the 183 conventional lines tested in ten trials. The observation yield trial (one replication) included about 2770 and 700 new conventional and ClearfieldR selections, repectively. Selected 'top' lines in these various yield tests will be elevated for further evaluation in 2010. Numerous selections were made from among the sixty and forth-seven ClearfieldR and conventional hybrid F2 populations, respectively. Trials and nurseries with ClearfieldR entries were sprayed with Newpath to eliminate susceptible plants. Through a cooperative project, the USDA-ARS Genomics Laboratory/Stoneville performed molecular marker analyses on various breeding materials contributing to the variety development process. A variety of donor materials including conventional elite breeding lines, ClearfieldR varieties, indica germplasm, and specialty types were used in completing about 165 new crosses. Early and intermediate generation plantings of breeding lines were advanced in the winter nursery. The breeding project was merged into the soil fertility project in 2009 following a program review and adopting the Louisiana model. PARTICIPANTS: Dwight G. Kanter, PI Timothy W. Walker, PI Walter L. Solomon, Research Associate II George E. Baird III, Research Associate III Sanfrid Shaifer, Agricultural Technican Fitts Paxton, Research Associate Myron Ridley,Seasonal Steve Felston,Seasonal Dale Sella,Seasonal Heather Poole,Student Lauren Dean, Student Issac Carpenter, Student Partner Organizations: Mississippi Rice Promotion Board. ARS-USDA MSA Genomics laboratory, Stoneville ARS-USDA Cereal Chemistry Lab., Beaumont, TX TARGET AUDIENCES: Rice producers, Rice mills, Rice and food processors, Agricultural industries supporting rice production and rice consultants PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
Despite the weather challenges that occurred during the growing season, on-going breeding research combined with germplasm resources can develop new improved higher performing breeding lines with other qualities that contribute to risk reduction in commercial production as demonstrated by line RU0804083. Selected lines with the ClearfieldR technology are advancing towards possible commercialization in the near future
Publications
- Kanter, D.G., Walker, T.W., Buehring, N.W., Solomon, W.L., Lanford, L.S., Shaifer, S., Baird III, G.E., and Paxton, F. 2009. Mississippi Rice Variety Trials, 2009. Information Bulletin 453.
|
Progress 01/01/08 to 12/31/08
Outputs
OUTPUTS: High performing rice cultivars are the main stay of a viable rice industry. Improved cultivars are needed to meet the on-going production challenges as well as to fulfill the present and changing needs of processors and the markets. Approximately 230,000 acres were planted in 2008, up from 189,000 acres in 2007. Rice cultivars with the ClearfieldR technology are gaining an increasing share of the planted acreage. Having genetically improved cultivars adapted to the full spectrum of production environments is key to increasing production and efficiency. Breeding lines and varieties numbering about 4100 were evaluated in a series of preliminary, advance and on-farm trials to identify elite germplasm and potential releases. In the on-farm trials across six Delta sites, lines 0804083 and 0804114 averaged 219 bu/A compared to 188 bu/A for the control, Cocodrie. While the area experienced three hurricane type events, neither line lodged demonstrating their excellent stand ability. The newly released Bowman cultivar continued its high performance averaging 200 bu/A. A MAFES information bulletin summarizing the results of these trials was published and distributed to assist growers in their 2009 planting decisions. A number of promising lines were identified in the preliminary and advance trials for further testing in 2009. In addition, nearly 650 ClearfieldR selections were evaluated in various trials. Several lines from these trials will under go wider testing in 2009. About 19,500 progeny rows in station and winter nursery plantings which included both conventional and ClearfieldR materials were gown. Selections were made for generation advancement and seed increases. Forty six new crosses involving both conventional and ClearfieldR parents were made. Head-rows of two cultivars were grown for breeders seed production. The cooperative effort with the USDA-ARS MSA Genomics lab using marker assisted selection successfully assured seed purity of the Bowman cultivar. A Ph.D. candidate completed data collection successfully on the Association Marker project which was planted in three states, Louisiana, Arkansas and Mississippi. This AMP project is a component of the multi-state RiceCAP project. PARTICIPANTS: : Dwight G. Kanter PI; Walter L. Solomon, Research Associate III; George E. Baird, Research Associate III; Brenda Frazier, Agricultural Aide; Sanfrid Shaifer, Agricultural Technican. Partner Organizations: Mississippi Rice Promotion Board; ARS-USDA MSA Genomics laboratory, Stoneville Collaborators: Timothy W. Walker, Associate Agronomist TARGET AUDIENCES: Rice producers, Rice mills, Rice and food processors, Supporting agricultural industries, and Rice consultants PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
Bowman's consistently high grain yields demonstrates the genetic potential attainable in performance under field conditions. New lines in advance tests further suggest that higher yield potentials are likely along with excellent lodging resistance, a prerequisite for high yields and harvest efficiency. Releases with the ClearfieldR technology are planned in the near future.
Publications
- Buehring, N. W., Kanter, D., and Miller, T. 2008. Rice Cultivars and Seed Production. p. 6-8. In N. W. Buehring (ed.) Mississippi Rice Growers Guide. Mississippi State University Ext. Serv. Pub. 2255. Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS
- Kanter, D. G., Miller, T. C. Solomon, W. L. Baird III, G. E. and Walker, T. W. 2008. Mississippi Rice Variety Trials, 2008. Information Bulletin 447.
|
Progress 01/01/07 to 12/31/07
Outputs
OUTPUTS: A new cultivar, Bowman, was released by MAFES in 2007. Bowman is an early-maturing long-grain cultivar that combines high yield potential, good milling output and crop stand ability. It is susceptible to the blast fungus but has shown some field tolerance to sheath blight and straight head disorder. In addition it has superior processing qualities for canning and parboiling purposes. Foundation seed of Bowman was produced in 2007. Twelve replicated trials consisting of 156 breeding lines, cultivars and hybrids were conducted at seven delta wide on-farm sites. Trial yield averages ranged from 174 to 240 bu/ac among the seven sites. Bowman's grain yields ranged from 201 to 255 bu/ac and averaged 216 bu/ac. Several top performing lines emerged from these trials for continued evaluation in 2008. An information bulletin which summarizes the results of these trials was published and distributed to assist growers in next year's selection of varieties for planting. Preliminary and replicated station trials were conducted for evaluating some 5300 breeding lines . Outstanding lines from these tests will undergo further evaluation. Nearly 5700 Clearfield progeny rows were among the 13,700 grown for selection and advancement in the breeding nursery. Selected bulked lines will enter initial yield testing in 2008. Additionally, 3,000 rows of Clearfield selections are being advanced in the winter nursery. A few potentially promising aromatic selections are progressing in their development. Seventy four new crosses were completed. The cooperative effort with the USDA-ARS Genomics lab using marker assisted selection has successfully characterized nearly 1500 lines for processing qualities, blast resistance and aroma. A Ph. D. candidate is undertaking an association mapping study for his thesis project that is also a component of the multi-state RiceCap project. PARTICIPANTS: No Participant information reported. TARGET AUDIENCES: No Target Audiences information reported. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: No Project Modifications information reported.
Impacts
The goal of the Rice Breeding and Cultivar Development is to release improved varieties having increased yield, improved grain milling output, enhanced pest tolerance/resistance, wider end-use qualities, either singly, or in some combination of these traits. The breeding research and variety development program provides the science for ongoing improvements and gains in new releases. The release of Bowman is a product of these programs aimed at meeting the needs of producers and processors alike. New releases offer broader choices to producers and processors seeking value added products.
Publications
- Kanter, D. G., Miller, T. C. Solomon, W. L. Baird III, G. E. and Walker, T. W. 2007. Mississippi Rice Variety Trials, 2007. Information Bulletin 439.
|
|