Source: LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY submitted to NRP
INVESTIGATION OF CULTURAL AND NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR IMPROVED RICE PRODUCTION IN LOUISIANA
Sponsoring Institution
State Agricultural Experiment Station
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
STATE
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0210820
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Jun 1, 2007
Project End Date
May 31, 2012
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY
202 HIMES HALL
BATON ROUGE,LA 70803-0100
Performing Department
RICE RESEARCH STATION
Non Technical Summary
Rice is an important crop in the Midsouthern United States. Cultural and nutrient management practices can greatly influence rice grain yields. This project examines many rice cultural and nutrient management practices which may positively or negatively influence rice grain yields.
Animal Health Component
90%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
10%
Applied
90%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
1021530106034%
2041530106033%
2051530106033%
Knowledge Area
204 - Plant Product Quality and Utility (Preharvest); 102 - Soil, Plant, Water, Nutrient Relationships; 205 - Plant Management Systems;

Subject Of Investigation
1530 - Rice;

Field Of Science
1060 - Biology (whole systems);
Goals / Objectives
1) Evaluate nutrient application rates, timing, and sources on agronomic characteristics and yield of improved rice varieties, advanced experimental lines and hybrids. 2) Evaluate nutrient and cultural management practices on ratoon rice production in southwest Louisiana. 3) Evaluate the interaction between tillage and rotation systems on rice yield and soil chemical and physical properties.
Project Methods
Multiple studies evaluating N application rates and timings needed to produce optimum rice grain yields will be conducted for newly developed rice cultivars, advanced experimental lines, and hybrids. Three locations across the state will be used in these trials. Experiments will be conducted at the Rice Research Station in Crowley, Louisiana, and two off-station locations. Off-station locations will include Vermilion Parish in southwest Louisiana and one off-station location in northeast Louisiana. The northeast Louisiana location will be selected from one of three locations; East Carroll, Morehouse, or Richland Parish. Nitrogen (46-0-0) will be applied in single or split applications with initial applications made prior to establishment of the permanent flood (PF) in drill-seeded experiments or prior to planting (PP) in water-seeded experiments. These applications will be followed by applications at panicle differentiation (PD). N will be applied at 0, 34, 67, 101, 134, 168, 202, or 235 kg ha-1. Four treatments will be included to represent split N applications. Nitrogen will be applied at PD at 52 kg ha-1, representing the rate normally applied aerially by Louisiana producers, following PF applications of 101, 134, and 168 kg ha-1. Lodging, maturity, mature plant height, grain moisture, and grain yield will be determined. Treatments in each experiment will be arranged as a factorial in a randomized complete block experimental design with four replications. Factors will include the eight PP in addition to the four split N application rates for a total of 12 treatments. Data from each experiment will be analyzed using Proc Mixed in SAS with fertilizer treatment as a fixed effect and year, replications (nested within year), and all interactions containing either of these as random effects. Experiments will be conducted to evaluate rice responses to Zn fertilization. Results will be used in the calibration of the Mehlich 3 soil test. Two sites will be used for the study, the Rice Research Station and one off-station location in north Louisiana. Zinc will be applied as Zn sulfate at planting at rates of 0, 3, 7, 10, 13, and 17 kg ha-1. Ammonium sulfate will be used to balance the amount of sulfur applied to all plots. A total of 134 kg ha-1 of N will be applied prior to flooding as urea or a combination of urea and ammonium sulfate. Whole plant samples will be taken prior to permanent flood establishment. Critical tissue concentrations and soil test values will be determined in experimental sites where a Zn response was observed. Data from each experiment will be analyzed using Proc Mixed in SAS with fertilizer treatment as a fixed effect and year, replications (nested within year), and all interactions containing either of these as random effects.

Progress 06/01/07 to 05/31/12

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Multiple outputs in the form of presentations at regional grower meetings, state consultant meetings, LCCA training sessions, and regional field days were generated. In addition, 36 scientific meeting abstract/proceedings, 10 popular press articles, 19 extension publications, 10 newsletter articles, 2 book chapters, and 15 peer-reviewed scientific journal manuscripts were published. PARTICIPANTS: D. Harrell (PI), LSU AgCenter. TARGET AUDIENCES: US Rice Researcher and Rice Production Industry. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
Improved agronomic, fertility, and cultural management recommendations based on sound research for rice and rice rotational crops were the primary focus of this project. Pureline rice varieties, advanced experimental rice lines, and rice hybrids were evaluated annually for their response to nitrogen (N) fertilization at multiple locations throughout Louisiana. Results were summarized annually in the Louisiana Rice Varieties and Management Tips publication. Several seeding rate trials were completed and resulted in lowering the recommended seeding rate for drill-seeded, delayed flood rice to 50 to 80 seed ft2. Ratoon rice stubble management trials indicated lowering harvest height or post-harvest stubble manipulation has the potential to reduce cercospora incidence and increase ratoon grain yield. Nitrogen (N) volatilization trials indicated that gaseous N losses could be reduced in drill-seeded, delayed flood rice production by using a urease inhibitor product that contains NBPT. Spectral reflectance technology has shown promise in predicting potential rice grain yield and providing an estimate of midseason N needs.

Publications

  • Dillon, K.A., Walker, T.W., Harrell, D.L., Krutz, L.J., Varco, J.J., Koger, C.H., and Cox, M.S. 2012. Nitrogen sources and timing effects on nitrogen loss and uptake in delayed flood rice. Agron. J. 104:466-472.
  • Han, K.J., Pitman, W.D., Alison, W.M., Kim, M., Harrell, D.L., Viator, S., McCormick, M.E., Gravois, K., Day, D.F. 2012. Agronomic Considerations for Sweet Sorghum Biofuel Production in the South-Central USA. BioEnergy Research. doi:10.1007/s12155-012-9185-3.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2012. Don't guess, soil test. Rice Research Station News. 9(4):2.
  • Harrell, D.L., Leonards, J.P., Regan, R.P., and Fluitt, J.S. 2012. Rice nutrition experiments. In 103rd Annual Research Report. La. Agri. Exp. Stn., LSU AgCenter, 103:103-228.
  • Harrell, D.L., Levy, R., Leonards, J.P., Regan, R.P., and Fluitt, J.S. 2012. Cultural management research. In 103rd Annual Research Report, La. Agri. Exp. Stn., LSU AgCenter, 103:229-251.
  • Levy, Jr., R.J., Boquet, D.J., Harrell, D.L., Stevens, Jr., J.C., Stephenson, D.O., Blanche, S., Golden, B., Padgett, G.B., Viator, S., and Udeigwe, T.K. 2012. Soybean variety recommendations 2012. LSU AgCenter. Baton Rouge, LA.
  • Mascagni, Jr., H.J., Arceneaux, K.J., Blanche, S., Deloach, M.E., Fluitt, J., Harrell, D.L., Harrison, S.A., Hollier, C.A., Kruse, J., Leonard, B.R., Leonards, J.P., Padgett, G.B., Regan, R.P., Sterling, S. 2012. Performance of grain sorghum hybrids in Louisiana, 2012. LAES Research Summary No. 188.
  • Harrison, S.A., Arceneaux, K.J., Bissett, L.J., Blanche, S., Brown, T.L., Close, G., Colyer, P.D., Deloach, M.E., Fluitt, J., Groth, D.E., Harrell, D.L., Leonards, J.P., Mascagni, Jr., H.J., McCarthy, K., Padgett, G.B., Purvis, M., Regan, R.P., Viator, S., and Williams, G. 2012. 2012 Small grain performance trials. LAES Research Summary No. 194.
  • Roberts, T.L., Fulford, A.M., Norman, R.J., Slaton, N.A., Walker, T.W., Wilson, Jr., C.E., Harrell, D.L., and McCauley, G.N. 2012. Development and implementation of N-STaR: the nitrogen-soil test for rice. Better Crops with Plant Food. 96(2):14-16.
  • Kanke, Y., Harrell, D., Dalen, M., Teboh, J., and Tubana, B. 2012. Improvement on sensor-based yield prediction model in rice using red edge reflectance. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings. October 21-24, 2012, Cincinnati, OH. Agronomy Abstracts [online].
  • Hensley, J.B., Webster, E.P., Blouin, D.C., Harrell, D.L., and Bond, J.A. 2012. Impact of drift rates of Imazethapyr and low carrier volume on non-Clearfield rice. Weed Tech. 26(2):236-242. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/WT-D-11-00128.1.
  • Tubana, B.S., Harrell, D.L., Walker, T., Teboh, J., Lofton, J., and Kanke, Y. 2012. In-season canopy reflectance-based estimation of rice yield response to nitrogen. Agron. J. 104:1604-1611. doi:10.2134/agronj2012.0214.
  • Blanche, S.B., Sha, X.Y., Harrell, D.L., Groth, D.E., Bearb, K.F., White, L.M., and Linscombe, S.D. 2012. Registration of 'Caffey' rice. J. of Plant Registrations. 6:1-5. doi: 10.3198/jpr2011.03.0176crc.
  • Kanke, Y., Harrell, D., Walker, T., Lofton, J., Teboh, J., and Tubana, B. 2012. Midseason nitrogen recommendation in rice using remote sensing technology. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings. October 21-24, 2012, Cincinnati, OH. Agronomy Abstracts [online].
  • Hummel, N.A., Meszaros, A., Cartwright, R.D., Fiser, S.M., Groth, D.E., Harrell, D.L., Hollier, C.A., Piazza, F.P., Saichuk, J.K., Schultz, B.R., Way, M.O., and Webster, E.P. 2012. Development of the RiceScout mobile application. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp., 34:86-87.
  • Corbin, J.L., Walker, T.W., Fitts, P.W., Harrell, D.L., and Bottoms, S.L. 2012. Evaluation of seeding rate, fertilization, and fungicide application for 'CL151' production. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp., 34:122.
  • Harrell, D.L., Gauthier, S.J., Courville, B.A., Fontenot, K.A., Roberts, T.L., and Norman, R.J. 2012. Farm scale validation of N-ST*R in Louisiana: Year 1 results. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp., 34:125-126.
  • Walker, T.W., Harrell, D.L., Rogers, C.W., Dillon, K.A., Brutz, L.J., Roberts, T.L., and Norman, R.J. 2012. Evaluation of preflood N strategies to maximize fertilizer use efficiency. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp., 34:128-129.
  • Phillips, S.B. and Harrell, D.L. 2012. The right way to grow rice: 4R nutrient stewardship. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp., 34:132.
  • Harrell, D.L., Tubana, B.S., Walker, T.W., and Phillips, S.B. 2012. Using normalized difference vegetation index to estimate rice grain yield potential. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp., 34:142.


Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11

Outputs
OUTPUTS: This project generated multiple outputs in the form of presentations at regional grower meetings, state consultant meetings, LCCA training sessions, and regional field days. In addition, one conference abstract, four popular press articles, five extension publications, two newsletter articles, and five peer-reviewed scientific journal manuscripts were also published in 2011. PARTICIPANTS: Dustin Harrell, (PI), E. Webster, J. Hensley, B. Tubana, M. Stout, J. Saichuk, S. Gauthier, X. Sha, S. Linscombe, S. Blanche, D.E. Groth, J. Fluitt, J. Leonards, R. Regan, and D. Walker, LSU AgCenter; T.W. Walker, Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center; R.J. Norman and T.L. Roberts, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and G.N. McCauley, Texas A&M University. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences for this project include crop producers and agronomy professionals. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
Twelve conventional rice varieties, two advanced experimental lines, and an experimental medium-grain hybrid were evaluated for their response to N at the Rice Research Station (RRS) and at cooperator sites in Vermilion (VP) and Richland (RP) parishes. Optimum grain yields at the RRS were obtained after applying 90 lb N/A for Roy J; 120 lb N/A for CL261; 150 lb N/A for CL111, CL142, CL181, CL152, CL162, Rex, Taggart, Caffey, LA2140, and LAH10; 180 lb N/A for LA2048, JES, and Jazzman 2. Optimal yields in VP were obtained at 30 lb N/A for CL162; 60 lb N/A for CL111; 90 lb N/A for CL152, LA2048, Taggart, Caffey, Jazzman, and LA2140; 120 lb N/A for Rex; and 150 lb N/A for LAH10. Several trials focused on determining the optimum seeding rates and target plant populations. Treatments include nine seeding rates (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and 45 seed ft2) and two tillage systems (conventional tillage [CT] and a fall-stale seedbed [FSS]). Optimum yield was obtained with a corresponding seedling plant population of 10 plants ft2 for CL142, CL151, CL162; 15 plants ft2 for CL181 and CL261; and 25 plants ft2 for CL152. Optimum yield for CL111 using CT and FSS was obtained with a plant population of 10 and 20 plants ft2, respectively. Optimum yield for CL142 using CT and FSS was obtained with a plant population of 30 and 25 plants ft2, respectively. A trial evaluated the rice yield and N uptake response to N fertilizers and commercially available fertilizer treatments. Fertilizer treatments included Agrotain, Arborite, urea, ammonium sulfate (AMS), Super-U, Nutrisphere-N, N-Zone, Instinct, Stay-N, and 1:1 mix of AMS and urea applied at rates of 60 and 120 lb N/A. Yield, compared with urea, was significantly increased for Agrotain (8580 lb/A), Arborite (8361 lb/A), Super-U (8331 lb/A), and AMS (7144 lb/A). When compared with urea, rice yields were reduced for N-Zone (5681 lb/A), Stay-N (5741 lb/A), and Instinct (5747 lb/A). Yields for Nutrisphere-N and the 1:1 urea and AMS blend were not significantly different from urea. Gaseous ammonia volatilization losses were examined from urea, Agrotain, Arborite and N-Zone over a 15-day period. Approximately 22, 18, 4, and 3% of the applied N was lost from urea, N-Zone, Arborite, and Agrotain. Multiple P, Zn, and K rate, timing, and varietal response trials were evaluated at an on-farm location. Zn was optimized at 5 lb Zn/A while P was optimized at the 30 lb P2O5/A rate.

Publications

  • Blanche, S.B., Boquet, D.J., Sterling, S., Harrell, D.L., Padgett, B., Udeigwe, T.K., Viator, H.P., and Hollier, C.A. 2011. Louisiana soybean variety testing program. Louisiana Agriculture 54(2):18-19. Spring 2011.
  • Tubana, B.S., Harrell, D., Walker, T., and Phillips, S. 2011. Midseason nitrogen fertilization rate decision tool for rice using remote sensing technology. Better Crops 95:22-24.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2011. Minimize fertilizer nutrient loss: Use nitrogen BMP's for sustainable rice production. 2011. Rice Farming 45(5)8-9.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2011. Estimating the fertilizer value of rice straw that went to Texas. Louisiana Farm & Ranch 7(11):32-33, 37.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2011. Determination of optimum plant populations for Clearfield rice varieties using conventional and fall-stale seedbed tillage. Proc. 14th Annual National Conservation Systems Cotton and Rice Conference. Feb. 1-2, 2011. Baton Rouge, LA. p. 14-15.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2011. Nitrogen best management practices for sustainable rice production. Rice Research Station News 8(1):1-2.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2011. To Texas went my hay - To Texas went my K Rice Research Station News 8(4):1-2.
  • Kruse, J., Padgett, G.B., Hollier, C.A., Harrell, D.L., Mascagni, Jr., H.J., Hayes, J.A., Deloach, M.E., Leonard, B.R., Blanche, S., Harrison, S.A., and Golden, B. 2011. Grain sorghum hybrids for grain 2011. LAES Research Summary No. 182 [on-line].
  • Harrison, S.A., Arceneaux, K.J., Bissett, L.J., Blanche, S., Brown, T.L., Close, G., Colyer, P.D., Deloach, M.E., Fluitt, J., Groth, D.E., Harrell, D.L., Leonards, J.P., Mascagni, Jr., H.J., McCarthy, K., Padgett, G.B., Purvis, M., Regan, R.P., Viator, S., and Williams, G. 2011. Performance of small grain varieties in Louisiana, 2010-11, AgCenter Communications.
  • Harrell, D.L., Leonards, J.P., Regan, R.P., and Fluitt, J.S. 2011. Rice Agronomy. Annual Research Report. Rice Research Station, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, LSU AgCenter 102:76-197.
  • Harrell, D.L., Tubana, B.S., Walker, T.W. and Phillips, S.B. 2011. Estimating rice grain yield potential using normalized difference vegetation index. Agron. J. 103:1717-1723.
  • Harrell, D.L., Walker, T.W., Salassi, M.E., Bond, J.A., and Gerard, P.D. 2011. Modeling rice grain yield response to nitrogen fertilization for delayed-flood production. J. Plant Nutr. 34:2158-2171.
  • Tubana, B.S., Harrell, D.L., Walker, T., Teboh, J., Lofton, J., Kanke, Y., and Phillips, S. 2011. Relationships of spectral vegetation indices with rice biomass and grain yield at different sensor view angles. Agron. J. 103:1405-1413.
  • Sha., X.Y., Linscombe, S.D., Jodari, F., Chu, Q.R., Groth, D.E., Blanche, S.B., Harrell, D.L., White, L.M., Oard, J.H., Chen, M.H., Theunissen, S.J., and Henry, B.J. 2011. Registration of 'Jazzman' aromatic long-grain rice. J. Plant Registrations. 5:304-308.
  • Harrell, D.L., Tubana, B.S., Loftin, J., and Kanke, Y. 2011. Rice response to nitrogen fertilization under stale seedbed and conventional tillage systems. Agron. J. 103:494-500.


Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/10

Outputs
OUTPUTS: This project generated multiple outputs in the form of presentations at regional grower meetings, state consultant meetings, LCCA training sessions, and regional field days. In addition, 11 scientific meeting abstracts/proceedings, 1 popular press article, 8 extension publications, 2 newsletter articles, and 2 peer reviewed scientific journal manuscripts were also published in 2010. PARTICIPANTS: Cooperators of various studies in 2010 include: Dr. T.W. Walker, Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center; Drs. R.J. Norman and T.L. Roberts, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and Dr. G.N. McCauley, Texas A&M University. Drs. E. Webster, J. Hensley, B. Tubana, M. Stout, J. Saichuk, S. Gauthier, X. Sha, S. Linscombe, S. Blanche, and D.E. Groth, LSU Agricultural Center. Research associates for the project include J. Fluitt, J. Leonards, R. Regan, and D. Walker. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences for this project include crop producers and agronomy professionals. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
Twelve conventional rice varieties and three advanced experimental rice lines were evaluated for their response to N fertilization at the Rice Research Station (RRS) and at cooperator sites in Vermilion (VP), Richland (RP), and Avoyelles (AP) parishes. Statistically, optimum grain yields at the RRS were obtained after applying 90 lb N/A for LA2022 and Taggart; 120 lb N/A for CL151, LA2149, CL111, Rex, Bowman, and CL181; 150 lb N/A for LA2140, Catahoula, and Templeton; 180 lb N/A for Jazzman, Neptune, CL261, and CL142. Nitrogen trials at RP only contained Clearfield varieties. Optimal yields at RP were obtained at 60 lb N/A for CL151, 90 lb N/A for CL181, 120 lb N/A for CL142, 180 lb N/A for CL111, and 210 lb N/A for CL261. The N rates needed to achieve optimum yields at VP were much lower compared with the other sites and ranged from 0 to 120 lb N/A, depending on variety. Evaluations at the AP were compromised because of herbicide drift. Several trials focused on determining the optimum seeding rates and target plant populations needed to achieve maximum yields in drill-seeded systems for all currently available Clearfield rice varieties. Clearfield varieties evaluated included CL111, CL131, CL151, CL142, CL181, and CL261. Treatments included nine seeding rates (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 seed ft2; or approximately 10 to 110 pounds of seed per acre depending on variety) and two tillage systems, conventional tillage (CT) and a fall-stale seedbed (FSS). Optimum yield for CL111 was obtained 20 seed ft2, with a corresponding plant population of approximately 12 plants ft2 using CT and 15 seed ft2 (8 plants ft2) using a FSS. CL131, CL151, CL181, and CL261 yields were optimized at 10 seed ft2 (6-7 plants ft2) in both a FSS and CT. CL142 yield was optimized at 15 seed ft2 (8 plants ft2) using CT and 20 seed ft2 (13 plants ft2) using a FFS. A trial was initiated in 2010 to evaluate the ratoon yield response of CL111 and CL151 to various rates of N. Six post-harvest rates of N (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 lb/A) were evaluated. Analysis of variance indicated that ratoon yields of CL111 (2319 lb/A) were statistically similar to CL151 (2156 lb/A). Ratoon N was optimized at the 90 lb/A N fertilization rate. Separate variety trials were conducted for Group III, early and late Group IV's, and Group V soybeans. The varieties with the highest yield at the Rice Research Station location included Progeny PR4209RY (group IV early), Progeny P4510RY (group IV mid/late), and Progeny 5218RR (group V). Forty-two wheat entries were evaluated in 2010. Current released varieties with the highest 2-year performance at Crowley included Dyna-Gro Baldwin (81.17 bu/A), AGS 2035 (77.6 bu/A), and Terral LA821 (75.2 bu/A). A trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of seeding rate on several agronomic and chemical characteristics of two sweet sorghum varieties. Six seeding rates (20,000, 40,000, 60,000, 80,000, 100,000, 120,000 seed/A) and two sweet sorghum varieties (M81-E and Topper) were included in the trial. Fermentable solids were optimized at the 80000 seed/A seeding rate, which produced an approximate stand at the 5-leaf stage of development of 42,253 plants/A.

Publications

  • Harrell, D.L. 2010. Can reflectance technology provide real-time midseason N rate recommendations in rice Rice Research Station News 7(1):5.
  • Viator, S., Alison, W., Harrell, D.L., Han, K., Griffin, J., Stephenson, D., Whatley, J., Hogan, A., Salassi, M., Deliberto, M., and Mark, T. 2010. Production of sweet sorghum in Louisiana as a biofuel feedstock crop. LSU Agricultural Center, Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, Staff Report No. 2010-03.
  • Harrell, D.L., Leonards, J.P., Regan, R.P., and Fluitt, J.S. 2010. Cultural management research. In 101st Annual Research Report. La. Agri. Exp. Stn., LSU AgCenter, 101:155-179.
  • Harrell, D.L., Levy, R., Leonards, J.P., Regan, R.P., and Fluitt, J.S. 2010. Rotational crop research. In 101st Annual Research Report, La. Agri. Exp. Stn., LSU AgCenter, 101:180-187.
  • Harrell, D.L., Leonards, J.P., Regan, R.P., and Fluitt, J. 2009. Rice nutrition research. In 101st Annual Research Report, La. Agri. Exp. Stn., LSU AgCenter, 101:95-154.
  • Saichuk, J.K., Hollier, C., Groth, D.E., Harrell, D.L., Webster, E.P., White, L.M., Rush, M., Stout, M.J., Linscombe, S.D., Sha, X., and Hummel, N. 2010. Rice varieties and management tips, 2011. La. Coop. Ext. Pub. 2270. LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2010. Can reflectance technology provide real-time midseason N rate recommendations in rice FarmGate. May 2010.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2010. Tillage, seeding and N rate effects on rice emergence, yield and yield components. Proc. 13th Annual National Conservation Systems Cotton and Rice Conference. Jan. 12-13, 2010. Tunica, MS. p. 19-21.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2010. Effect of tillage and N rate on rice yield, uptake and efficiency. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 33:142. Feb. 22-25, 2010. Biloxi, MS.
  • Sha, X.Y., Linscombe, S.D., Blanche, S.B., Groth, D.E., Harrell, D.L., White, L.M., and Theunissen, S.J. 2010. Registration of 'Neptune' southern medium-grain rice. J. Plant Reg. 4:179-182.
  • Harrell, D.L. and Blanche, S. 2010. Tillage, seeding and N rate effects on rice density, yield and yield components of two rice cultivars. Agron. J. 102(2):592-596.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2010. Redefining optimum seeding rates in Clearfield varieties. Rice Research Station News 7(3):2.
  • Harrell, D.L., Lofton, J., and Tubana, B. 2010. Rice yield and uptake response to zinc fertilization on a high pH, low zinc soil. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 33:121-122. Feb. 22-25, 2010. Biloxi, MS.
  • Gauthier, S., Harrell, D.L., Saichuk, J., Landry, K., Wolcott, M., and Henderson, R. 2010. Survey of total salts in Vermilion Parish rice fields after the Hurricane Ike storm surge. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 33:143. Feb. 22-25, 2010. Biloxi, MS.
  • Stout, M., Harrell, D.L., Tindall, K., and Bond, J. 2010. Impact of rice seeding rate on the interactions between rice and the rice water weevil. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 33:90. Feb. 22-25, 2010. Biloxi, MS.
  • Tubana, B.S., Harrell, D.L., Walker, T.W., Teboh, J., Lofton, J., Fluitt, J., and Phillips, S. 2010. Rice yield potential algorithms based on canopy reflectance measured at different sensor head orientations. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 33:115-116. Feb. 22-25, 2010. Biloxi, MS.
  • Roberts, T.L., Norman, R.J., Walker, T.W., Harrell, D.L., and McCauley, J.N. 2010. Across soils and state boundaries: Evaluation of N-STAR, soil-based nitrogen test for Mid-South rice production. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 33:141. Feb. 22-25, 2010. Biloxi, MS.
  • Hensley, J.B., Webster, E.P., Harrell, D.L., Bond, J.A., Bottoms, S.L., Carlson, T.P., and Fish, J.C. 2010. Seed response of rice to sublethal herbicide rates applied to simulate drift. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 33:39. Feb. 22-25. Biloxi, MS.
  • Kanke, Y., Lofton, J., Tubana, B., Harrell, D., Teboh, J., Walker, T., and Phillips, S. 2010. Algorithm for predicting rice yield potential at different sensor head orientation. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting. Oct. 31-Nov. 3. Long Beach, CA. Agronomy Abstracts [online].
  • Teboh, J., Tubana, B., Lofton, J., Harrell, D., Walker, T., and Phillips, S. 2010. Response analysis of in-season rice biomass and grain yield to nitrogen fertilization. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting. Oct. 31-Nov. 3. Long Beach, CA. Agronomy Abstracts [online].
  • Harrell, D., Kongchum, M., Tubana, B., Lofton, J., Leonards, J., Regan, R., and Fluitt, J. 2010. Rice response to zinc fertilization on a high pH, low zinc soil. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting. Oct. 31-Nov. 3. Long Beach, CA. Agronomy Abstracts [online].
  • Mascagni, H.J., Jr., Bell, R., Arceneaux, K., Deloach, M., Ferguson, R., Groth, D., Harrell, D., Hayes, J., Harrison, S., Hollier, C., Leonard, R., Leonards, J., Levy, R., Padgett, B., Roider, C., Regan, R., and Schexnayder, G. 2010. Performance of grain sorghum hybrids in Louisiana, 2009. LAES Research Summary No. 182 [on-line].
  • Levy, R.J., Boquet, D.J., Harrell, D.L., Stevens Jr., J.C., Stephenson, D.O., Sterling, B., Golden, B., Padgett, B., Viator, S., and Udeigwe, T. 2010. Soybean variety recommendations 2011. LSU AgCenter. Baton Rouge, LA. [online].
  • Harrison, S.A., Arceneaux, K., Bell, R.L., Harrell, D., Colyer, P.D., Deloach, M., Ferguson, R., Leonards, J., Mascagni, H.J., McCarthy, K., Padgett, G.B., Purvis, M., Regan, R., Schexnayder, G., Viator, H.P., and Williams, G. 2010. 2010 Small grain performance trials. LAES Research Summary 181. Baton Rouge, LA.


Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09

Outputs
OUTPUTS: This project generated 20 outputs in the form of presentations at regional grower meetings, state consultant meetings, LCCA training sessions, and regional field days. In addition, 4 scientific meeting abstracts/proceedings, 5 popular press articles, 2 extension publications, 1 newsletter article, 2 book chapters, and 3 peer reviewed scientific journal manuscripts were also published in 2009. PARTICIPANTS: Cooperators of various studies in 2009 include: Drs. T.W. Walker and J.A. Bond, Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center; Drs. R.J. Norman and S.G. Bajwa, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and Dr. G.N. McCauley, Texas A&M University. Research associates for the project include J. Fluitt, J. Leonards, R. Regan, and D. Walker. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences for this project include crop producers and agronomy professionals. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
Eight conventional rice varieties, one experimental rice line and one hybrid were evaluated for their response to nitrogen (N) fertilization at the Rice Research Station (RRS) and/or at cooperator sites in Vermilion (VP) and Richland (RP) parishes. Statistically, optimum grain yields at the VP were obtained after applying 120 lb N/A for 'Catahoula,' 'Neptune,' 'CL111,' and 'Templeton,' and 60 lb N/A for 'Jazzman,' 'CL151,' 'CL171,' 'Bowman,' and 'Taggart.' Optimum grain yields at RP were 90 lb/A for Neptune, CL111, Bowman, and Taggart; 60 lb/A for CL151; 120 lb/A for Catahoula; 150 lb/A for Jazzman; and 180 lb/A for CL171 and Templeton. The hybrid 'Arize' was optimized at 90 lb N/A. Evaluations at the RRS were compromised due to herbicide drift. The grain yield response to zinc (Zn) fertilization was evaluated at the Leonards and Richard farms in Acadia and Vermilion parishes, respectively. Two N sources (urea and ammonium sulfate) were also evaluated for possible interactions. A Zn fertilization response was observed. Severe stand loss was observed when no Zn was applied. Yields at the 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 lb Zn/A rates when urea was the N source were 402, 2663, 4396, 5336, and 5402 lb/A, respectively. Zn was optimized at 15 lb/A. The Richard Farm location had a soil test Zn concentration of 2.0 ppm and a pH of 6.8. A response to Zn fertilization was not observed. Separate studies evaluated the interaction of tillage (stale vs. conventional seedbed) and seeding rates (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 seed/sq. ft.) of drill-seeded Catahoula and Neptune rice. Grain yields were optimized at approximately 20 seed/sq. ft. (about 48 lb/A) for both Catahoula and Neptune using both a conventional and fall-stale seedbed. The interaction of N fertilization rate (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, and 240 lb/A) and tillage (conventional vs. stale seedbed) was evaluated in separate trials with Neptune and Catahoula. A significant yield response to the tillage system (P=0.05) and N rate (P<0.001) was observed for Catahoula. Yield was optimized at N rates of 120 and 150 lb/A in a conventional and stale seedbed, respectively, for Catahoula. A significant yield response to the tillage system was not observed for Neptune. Yield was optimized on both tillage systems at 180 lb N/A. All data derived from this project are instrumental for improving rice agronomic and fertility recommendations for Louisiana.

Publications

  • Harrell, D. L., Bond, J.A. and Blanche, S. 2009. Evaluation of main-crop stubble height on ratoon rice growth and development. Field Crops Res. 114(3):329-440.
  • Stout, J.M., Harrell, D.L., Tendall, K.V., and Bond, J. 2009. Impacts of seeding rate on interactions between rice and rice water weevils. J. Econ. Entomol. 102(5):1837-1845.
  • Blanche, S.B., Linscombe, S.D., Sha, X., Bearb, K.F., Groth, D.E., White, L.M., and Harrell, D. 2009. Registration of 'Catahoula' rice. J. Plant Reg. 3:146-149.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2009. Evaluation of stubble height on ratoon growth in rice. Louisiana Agriculture. 52(1):8-9.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2009. Zinc: A piece of the localized decline puzzle Rice Research Station News 6(1):2.
  • Blanche, S.B., Harrell, D.L., and Saichuk, J.K. 2009. General agronomic guidelines. p.3-15. In S.K. Saichuk (ed.) Louisiana Rice Production Handbook. Publ. 2321. Louisiana State Univ. AgCenter, Baton Rouge.
  • Harrell, D.L., Bond, J.A., and Saichuk, J.K. 2009. Soils, plant nurtition and fertilization. p. 23-33. In S.K. Saichuk (ed.) Louisiana Rice Production Handbook. Publ. 2321. Louisiana State Univ. AgCenter, Baton Rouge.
  • Harrell, D.L., Saichuk, J.K., and Stevens, Jr., J. C. A guide to poultry litter use in Louisiana rice production. 2009. Publ. 3139. Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge.
  • Saichuk, J.K., Hollier, C.A., Groth, D.E., Harrell, D.L., Webster, E.P., White, L.M., Rush, M.C., Stout, M.J., Blanche, S., Linscombe, S.D., Sha, X., Hummel, N., and Courville, B.A. 2009. Rice varieties and management tips 2010. La. Coop. Ext. Pub. 2270. LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge.
  • Hensley, J.B., Webster, E.P., Bottoms, S.L., Harrell, D.L., and Carlson, T.P. 2009. Response of non-transgenic rice to simulated glyphosate and imazethapyr drift. Proc. South. Weed Sci. 62:303.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2009. Evaluation of conventional and reduced tillage practices on optimum seeding rate, nitrogen fertilization rate and yield components. Proc. 12th Annual National Conservation Systems Cotton and Rice Conference. Jan. 26 & 27. Marksville, LA. p. 16-17.
  • Tubana, B., Harrell, D., Walker, T., and Phillips, S. 2009. Canopy reflectance-based algorithm for in-season estimation of rice grain yield. In Agronomy Abstract. ASA, Madison, WI.
  • Harrell, D., Tubana, B., Walker, T., and Phillips, S. 2009. Estimating in-season grain yield potential using mid-season canopy reflectance readings: a component of remote sensor-based nitrogen calculator. Nitrogen Use Efficiency Conference, West Lafayette, IN. Aug. 4-6, 2009.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2009. Pre-flood nitrogen applications in rice: Theory behind the practice. Louisiana Agriculture 52(1):10-11.
  • Hensley, J.B, Webster, E.P., Harrell, D.L., and Bottoms, S.L. 2009. Herbicide drift effects Louisiana rice production. Louisiana Agriculture 52(1):6-7.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2009. Zinc - An important but often forgotten micronutrient. Louisiana Farm and Ranch. March 2009.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2009. Mid-South rice fertilizer economics. Rice Farming 43(2):10-11.


Progress 01/01/08 to 12/31/08

Outputs
OUTPUTS: This project generated 11 outputs in the form of presentations at regional grower meetings, state consultant meetings, and regional field days. In addition, 14 scientific meeting abstracts/proceedings were published and presented during 2008. Three extension publications, three newsletter articles, and three peer reviewed scientific journal manuscripts were also published in 2008. PARTICIPANTS: Cooperators of various studies in 2008 include: Drs. T.W. Walker and J.A. Bond, Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center; Drs. R.J. Norman and S.G. Bajwa, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; and Dr. G.N. McCauley, Texas A&M University. Research associates for the project include J. Leonards, R. Regan, and D. Walker. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences for this project include crop producers and agronomy professionals. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
Eight rice varieties (Catahoula, Jazzman, Neptune, CL131, CL151, CL171, Bowman and Trenasse) and one advanced experimental line (0401182AR) were evaluated for their response to nitrogen (N) fertilization in a conventional drill-seeded system. Trials were conducted in Acadia, Richland, and Vermilion parishes. At the Acadia Parish location, optimum N rates for Bowman and Trenasse were 120 lb/A. Rice varieties Jazzman, Neptune, CL131, CL151, CL171, and the experimental line 0401182AR were all optimized at 150 lb/A. Catahoula was optimized at 210 lb N/A. Multiple Zn fertility trials were conducted at a producer farm in Acadia Parish. Leaf samples taken 6 weeks after planting confirmed the presence of Zn deficiency. Generally, 5 lb Zn/A was found to alleviate the Zn deficiency and increase yields over the check plots by approximately 1500 lb/A. Another trial evaluated two Zn fertilizer sources. A significant yield advantage for both Zn sources over the untreated control was observed at all rates. A third Zn trial was conducted to evaluate the yield response of rice after the onset of Zn deficiency symptoms (bronzing) to several commercially available liquid Zn sources applied at labeled rates. All sources improved grain yields over the untreated control. A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of urea coated with a urease inhibitor for use in rice production. The urease inhibitor-treated urea outperformed untreated urea when surface applied 10 days prior to permanent flood establishment. All data derived from this project are instrumental for improving rice agronomic and fertility recommendations for Louisiana.

Publications

  • Walker, T.W., Bond, J.A., Ottis, B.V., and Harrell, D.L. 2008. The effects of starter nitrogen to rice seeded at various densities. Online. Crop Management doi:10.1094/CM-2008-0911-01-RS.
  • Bond, J.A., T.W. Walker, B.V. Ottis, and D.L. Harrell. 2008. Rice seeding and nitrogen rate effects on yield and yield components of two rice cultivars. Agron. J. 100(2):393-397.
  • Walker, T.W., J.A. Bond, B.V. Ottis, P.D. Gerard, and D.L. Harrell. 2008. Hybrid rice response to nitrogen fertilization for midsouthern United States rice production. Agron. J. 100(2):381-386.
  • Harrell, D.L., J.P. Leonards, R.P. Regan, and D.M. Walker. 2008. Rice agronomy. In 99th Annual Research Report. Rice Research Station, La. Agric. Exp. Stn., Baton Rouge, LA.
  • Saichuk, J.K., Blanche, S.B., Bond, J.A., Castro, B.A., Dunand, R.T., Fontenot, K., Harrell, D.L., Groth, D.E., Hollier, C.A., Linscombe, S.D., Rush, C., Sha, X., Stout, M.J., Webster, E.P., and White, L.M. 2008. Rice varieties and management tips, 2009. La. Coop. Ext. Pub. 2270. LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge.
  • Harrell, Dustin L. 2008. Importance of soil testing in rice production. Rice Research Station News. 5(4):4.
  • Harrell, Dustin L. 2008. Conventional vs. reduced tillage practices in rice. Rice Research Station News. 5(3):3-4.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2008. Tillage and crop rotation research. Rice Research Station News. 5(1):3-4.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2008. 2008 Ratoon and tillage studies. Internet publication. (http://www.lsuagcenter.com/en/our_offices/research_stations/Rice/Fea tures/Research/Agronomy/2008+Ratoon+Study.htm) published 02/26/2008.
  • Harrell, D.L. and R. Dunand. 2008. Evaluation of first crop cutting height on ratoon crop yield and panicle origin in drill-seeded rice. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting, Oct. 5-9, Houston, Texas. (Agron. Abstr.) 781-1.
  • Tubana, B., Stevens, C.J., Mascagni, H.J. , Boquet, D., Clawson, E., Harrell, D.L., Wang, J.J., and Teboh, J. 2008. Effect of phosphorus fertilization on early growth of corn on six alluvial soils in Louisiana. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting, Oct. 5-9, Houston, Texas. (Agron. Abstr.) 750-4.
  • Harrell, Dustin L., and J.A. Bond. 2008. Evaluation of tillage and rotation system effects on rice yield and selected chemical and physical properties: First three years. Louisiana Agricultural Sciences Association (LASA) ann. mtg., March 28, Baton Rouge, LA., [CD] p. 31.
  • Hensley, J.B., E.P. Webster, D.L. Harrell, S.L. Bottoms, and T.P. Carlson. 2008. Effects of Newpath drift on rice. Louisiana Agricultural Sciences Association (LASA) ann. mtg., Mar. 28, Baton Rouge, LA., [CD] p. 31.
  • Hensley, J.B., E.P. Webster, S.L. Bottoms, D.L. Harrell, and J.A. Atwal. 2008. Simulated glyphosate and imazethapyr drift on rice. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 61:11.
  • Hensley, J.B., T.P. Carlson, E.P. Webster, D.L. Harrell, J.A. Atwal, and S.L. Bottoms. 2008. Effects of imazamox and glufosinate drift on rice. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 61:35.
  • Harrell, D.L. 2008. Evaluation of conventional and reduced tillage practices on optimum seeding rate, nitrogen fertilization rate and yield components. Proc. 32nd Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp., Feb. 18-21., San Diego, CA. p. 117-118.
  • Harrell, D.L., Bond, J.A., and R.T. Dunand. 2008. Evaluation of first crop cutting height on ratoon crop yield and panicle origin in drill seeded rice. Proc. 32nd Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp., Feb. 18-21., San Diego, CA. p. 118.
  • Roberts, T.L., Norman, R.J., Walker, T.W., Harrell, D.L., and McCauley, G.N. 2008. Regional assessment of soil-based nitrogen tests for rice production in the mid-south USA. Proc. 32nd Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp., Feb. 18-21., San Diego, CA. p. 128.
  • Satterfield, J.M., Walker, T.W., Bajwa, S. G., Norman, R.J., Harrell, D.L., Bond, J.A., and Varco, J.J. 2008. Assessing midseason nitrogen status of rice using spectrophotometry. Proc. 32nd Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp., Feb. 18-21., San Diego, CA. p. 110.
  • Saichuk, J.K., S. Blanche, D.L. Harrell, J. Hebert, K. Landry, and S. Theunissen. 2008. A comparison of hand sampled grain moisture versus combine sampled grain moisture to determine rice harvest timing. Proc. 32nd Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp., Feb. 18-21., San Diego, CA. p. 114.
  • Walker, T.W., Satterfield, J.M., Bajwa, S.G., Norman, R.J., Harrell, D.L., Bond, J.A., and Varco, J.J. 2008. An evaluation of commercially available imagery of rice crop canopy affected by nitrogen nutrition. Proc. 32nd Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp., Feb. 18-21., San Diego, CA. p. 116-117.
  • Harrell, D.L., and J.A. Bond. 2008. Evaluation of tillage and rotation system effects on rice yield and selected chemical and physical properties: first three years. Proc. 32nd Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp., Feb. 18-21., San Diego, CA. p. 125-126.
  • Hensley, J.B., E.P. Webster, S.L. Bottoms, J.A. Atwal, and D.L. Harrell. 2008. Effects of simulated glyphosate and imazethapyr drift on rice. Proc. 32nd Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp., Feb. 18-21., San Diego, CA. p. 138-139.


Progress 01/01/07 to 12/31/07

Outputs
OUTPUTS: This project generated six outputs in the form of presentations at regional grower meetings given at various locations across the state of Louisiana. Three other outputs in the form of regional field day presentations were also delivered. In addition, six scientific meeting abstracts were submitted and presentations will be given during the 2008 Rice Technical Working Group biannual meeting. One extension publication, one Rice Research Station annual report, and two newsletter articles were also published in 2007. PARTICIPANTS: Cooperators of various studies in 2007 include: Drs. T.W. Walker and J.A. Bond, Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center, and Dr. R.J. Norman, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Research associates for the project include J. Leonards, R. Regan, and D. Walker.

Impacts
Three rice varieties (CL171, Spring, and Trenasse), two advanced experimental lines (LA2082 and LA2028), and four commercial hybrids (XP744, CLXL729, CLXL730, and CLXL745) were evaluated for their response to nitrogen (N) fertilization in both conventional and no-till drill-seeded systems. Trials were conducted in Acadia, Richland, and Vermilion parishes. At the Acadia Parish location, optimum N rates for CL171, Spring, Trenasse, LA2082, CLXL730, and XP744 were 150 lb/A. Hybrids CLXL745 and CLXL729 were optimized at a rate of 120 lb/A. LA2028, the only medium grain tested in the trials, was optimized at the 180 lb N/A rate. Rice response to phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) fertilization were evaluated in two and three locations, respectively, throughout the state. A Zn or P response was not observed at any of the 2007 site locations. A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a slow release granular N fertilizer and urea coated with a urease inhibitor for use in rice production. The urease inhibitor coated urea outperformed untreated urea when surface applied 7 days prior to permanent flood establishment. Results indicate that the use of a urease inhibitor product can reduce N loss and improve fertilizer efficiency in large Louisiana rice production fields where flooding fields takes longer than three days to complete. A study was conducted to evaluate liquid N sources as a potential midseason N source. Rice fertilized with urea significantly out yielded the 25 and 30% N solutions by 819 and 533 lb/A, respectively. All data derived from this project are instrumental for improving rice agronomic and fertility recommendations for Louisiana. The experimental medium-grain line LA2028 and the experimental long-grain line LA2082 were released in 2007 as Neptune and Catahoula, respectively, and will be available for 2008 production.

Publications

  • Harrell, D.L. and J.J. Wang. 2007. Evaluation of three- and five-step inorganic phosphorus chemical fractionation procedures along with inductively coupled plasma determination for calcareous soils. Soil Sci. 171(1):55-67.
  • Bond, J.A., T.W., Walker, E.P., Webster, and D.L. Harrell. 2007. Rice cultivar response to Pensoxsulam. Weed Tech. 21(4):961-965.
  • Saichuk, J. K., Blanche, S.B., Bond, J.A., Castro, B.A., Dunand, R.T., Fontenot, K., Harrell, D.L., Groth, D.E., Holier, C.A., Linscombe, S.D., Rush, C., Sha, X., Stout, M.J., Webster, E.P., and White, L.M. 2007. Rice varieties and management tips, 2008. La. Coop. Ext. Pub. 2270. LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge.
  • Harrell, D.L., Leonards, J.P., Regan, R.P., and Walker, D.M. 2007. Rice agronomy. In 98th Annual research report. Rice Research Station, La. Agric. Exp. Stn., Baton Rouge, LA.