Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/12
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Qualitative and quantitative data from interviews with caregivers of children between the ages of 3-10 years of age was finalized in publication. With this output Extension Educators, including both superviosrs and frontline personnel, were interviewed about the programming they use with families about physical activity and feeding young children. A total of 21 Extension Educators completed this information and it was submitted to other states working on this project. The data will be compiled with approximately six other states participating in USDA project W1005. One Nebraska doctoral student and one MS student participated in the data collection as well as initial analysis. PARTICIPANTS: Representatives from states participating in W1005 collaborated in this research. States included in the two objectives addressed in this report are Nevada, Nebraska, Indiana, New York, Washington, Utah, Michigan, and South Carolina. One Nebraska doctoral student and one MS student assisted in the data collection with caregivers and Extension Educators. Extension Educators working with families in Nebraska were also contacts. Information from the research may be used to enhance Extension and other programming that addresses the nutritional needs and physical activity of young children. Kaye Stanek-Krogstrand has retired and is no longer employed by the University of Nebraska. The last report listed is the final report for this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences were caregivers of children at-risk for overweight, Extension Educators who work with Nebraska families in this area. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Major project modifications have been previously addressed in this project in prior years and previously reported.
Impacts
The data collected with caregivers was used to guide interviews with Extension Educators. Ultimately, it is anticipated that findings of W1005 will impact programming delivered to families through Extension Education and have a positive influence on the obesity rates with young children. Initial work on an AFRI grant developed in Nevada, All 4 Kids, has begun and data from use of the program is being collected in four states. Nebraska is participating as a collaborator on the grant and met with those involved during the summer of 2011. The program is being delivered to teachers and children and their parents in Head Start programs.
Publications
- Madeleine Sigman-Grant, Katherine Dickings, Jamie Dollahite, Hilary Strom, Beth Olson, Heidi Wengreen, Amy Mobliey, Kaye Stanek-Krogstrand. Qualitative evidence of the disconnect between intent and interpretation of common childhood obesity prevention messages. Federation of American Society for Experimental Biology. Anaheim, California, April 2010.
- Madeleine Sigman-Grant, University of Nevada, Hilary Strom and Kaye Stanek Krogstrand, University of Nebraska, Beth H. Olson, Michigan State University, Heidi Wengreen, Utah State University, Amy R. Mobley, Purdue University. Qualitative Evidence of the disconnect between intent and interpretation of common child obesity prevention messages. Forum for Family and Consumer Issues, Vol. 15, No. 3, December 2010. ISSN 1540 5273.
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Progress 10/01/10 to 09/30/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Qualitative and quantitative data from interviews with caregivers of children between the ages of 3-10 years of age was finalized in publication. With this output Extension Educators, including both superviosrs and frontline personnel, were interviewed about the programming they use with families about physical activity and feeding young children. A total of 21 Extension Educators completed this information and it was submitted to other states working on this project. The data will be compiled with approximately six other states participating in USDA project W1005. One Nebraska doctoral student and one MS student participated in the data collection as well as initial analysis. PARTICIPANTS: Representatives from states paarticipating in W1005 collaborated in this research. States included in the two objectives addressed in this report are Nevada, Nebraska, Indiana, New York, Washington, Utah, Michigan, and South Carolina. One Nebraska doctoral student and one MS student assisted in the data collection with caregivers and Extension Educators. Extension Educators working with families in Nebraska were also contacts. Information from the research may be used to enhance Extension and other programming that addresses the nutritional needs and physical activitiy of young children. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences were caregivers of children at-risk for overweight, Extension Educators who work with Nebraska families in this area. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Major project modifications have been previously addressed in this project in prior years and previously reported.
Impacts
The data collected with caregivers was used to guide interviews with Extension Educators. Ultimately, it is anticipated that findings of W1005 will impact programming delivered to families through Extension Education and have a positive influence on the obesity rates with young children. Initial work on an AFRI grant developed in Nevada, All 4 Kids, has begun and data from use of the program is being collected in four states. Nebraska is participating as a collaborator on the grant and met with those involved during the summer of 2011. The program is being delivered to teachers and children and their parents in Head Start programs.
Publications
- Madeleine Sigman-Grant, Katherine Dickings, Jamie Dollahite, Hilary Strom, Beth Olson, Heidi Wengreen, Amy Mobliey, Kaye Stanek-Krogstrand. Qualitative evidence of the disconnect between intent and interpretation of common childhood obesity prevention messages. Federation of American Society for Experimental Biology. Anaheim, California, April 2010.
- Madeleine Sigman-Grant, University of Nevada, Hilary Strom and Kaye Stanek Krogstrand, University of Nebraska, Beth H. Olson, Michigan State University, Heidi Wengreen, Utah State University, Amy R. Mobley, Purdue University. Qualitative Evidence of the disconnect between intent and interpretation of common child obesity prevention messages. Forum for Family and Consumer Issues, Vol. 15, No. 3, December 2010. ISSN 1540 5273.
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Progress 10/01/09 to 09/30/10
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Data, both quantitative and qualitative, from the first pilot project was reworked and submitted for publication. This data has provided direction for current research activities in which both Extension Educators, frontline and supervisors, and caregivers of children 3-10 years of age are being interviewed. The interviews with Extension Educators probe how they are addressing nutrition and physical activity to prevent overweight with families. What they see are the effects of current programming and success stories have been captured. Nebraska has interviewed 21 Extension Educators. The interviews with caregivers (Nebraska has completed 17 interviews) has included questions about food intake, the eating environment, parenting styles, and overt and covert behaviors used by caregivers. Qualitative analysis is currently being completed on the data from Extension Educators and data provided by caregivers is being entered into Access for analysis. PARTICIPANTS: Representatives from states participating in W1005 colaborated in this research. The specific states are Nevada, Nebraska, Indiana, New York, Washington, Utah, Michigan, Indiana, and South Carolina. In addition, two PhD students, two MS students, and one undergraduate selected for an Undergraduate and Creative Research Experience (UCARE) from Nebraska assisted in data collection. Collaborators also included the Nebraska Extension Program. TARGET AUDIENCES: Caregivers of children at-risk for overweight were a target audience. Extension Educators were also a target group. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
From the first pilot project it became evident that many of the common messages that are delivered to parents of young children are not recognized for the relationship they have with preventing childhood overweight or are misunderstood as to the intent behind those messages. Although it is realized that this was not a representative sample of all caregivers of children at-risk for overweight, this information, based on data from 44 caregivers in six different states, has been excepted for publication. This outcome has also directed current research efforts. Methodology has changed, such as the use of a card sort approach which has been discontinued, and validated questionnaires are being used. Outcomes from the original pilot work has resulted in obtaining an AFRI grant for pilot testing a program developed in Nevada, All 4 Kids, in three different states. This eight week program is delivered in Head Start classrooms and engages not only the children, but teachers as well as parents.
Publications
- Sigman-Grant, M.J., Strom, H., Olson, B.H., Wengren, H., Mobley, A.R., Krogstrand, K. (2010). Qualitative evidence of the disconnect between intent and interpretation of common child obesity prevention messages. Forum for Family and Consumer Issues. In press.
- Warren, H. 2010. An integrated approach to prevention of obesity in high risk families. M.S. Thesis.
- Willis, L. 2010. Nutrition and health programs addressing excessive weight in an urban setting. M.S. Thesis.
- Sigman-Grant, M.J., Dickin, K., Dollahite, J., Strom, H., Olson, B.H., Wengren, H., Mobley, A.R., Krogstrand, K. (2010) Experimental Biology. (Competitively selected abstract)
- Scales, N.E., Stanek Krogstrand, K.L., Koszewski, W.M., and Lewis, N.M. (2009). Child-feeding behaviors of caregivers, the home enviornment, and the dietary quality of young African American children. American Dietetic Association Food and Nutrition Conference and Expo. (Competitively selected abstract)
- Schake, M.N., Stanek Krogstrand, K.L., Mackedanz, C.E.A., Scales, N.E., Koszewski, W.M. and Lewis, N.M. (2009). A comparison of caregtiver child feeding behaviors, family environment and dietary quality between young African American and white American children. American Dietetic Association Food and Nutrition Conference and Expo (Competitively selected abstract)
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Progress 11/01/08 to 10/31/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: After the intial approach with caregivers using a card-sort method to evaluate the use of behaviors which appear to put high-risk children at increased danger of becoming overweight, modifications in this approach have been for use again in the spring, 2010. Caregivers of children, ages 4-10, will again be interviewed using this revised procedure. This will be completed in at least five other states. Collaboration with four other states in the development of a tool which will be used with Extension educators, both supervisors and frontline staff, is being finalized. This phone interview will explore the connection these educators make with their clients, and the messages they deliver connected with preventing overweight in at-risk children. The pnone interviews will be conducted in early 2010. One graduate student defended her research during this period, a comparison of caregiver child feeding behaviors, family environment and dietary quality between young African American and white American children. This along with another graduate student's thesis exploring the child-feeding behaviors of caregivers, the home environment, and the dietary quality of young African American children, were presented at the American Dietetic Association's annual meeting. One grant, submitted to USDA in collaboration with four other states participating in W1005, is entitled All 4 Kids: Resiliency. If funded it would pilot test an integrated approach to child obesity prevention in terms of curriculum, target audience and constructs. The program incorporates nutrition, physical activity and skills development, body image and health messages for preschoolers, their primary caregivers and their child care providers. Developed by the University of Nevada Cooperative Extension in Nevada, the program would be pilot tested with Head Start in Omaha, Nebraska. PARTICIPANTS: Collaborators on the components of W1005 include the following: Katherine Dickin--Cornell University Jamie Dollahite--Cornell University Nobuko Kay Hongu--Arizona Cooperative Extension Laura Hubbs-Tait--Oklahoma State University Rafida Idris--South Carolina State University Janet S. Kurzynske--Kentucky Cooperative Extension Lily Liang--University of the District of Columbia Amy Mobley--Purdue University Beth Olson--Michigan State University Robin Orr--Illinois Cooperative Extension Madeleine Sigman-Grant--Nevada Cooperative Extension Jill Schutz--Washington State University Heidi Wengreen--Utah State University Siew Sun Wong--Utah Cooperative Extension TARGET AUDIENCES: The target audiences for the objectives of this project are at risk children between the ages of 4-10. Specifically, the objectives target those children residing in low-income households thus are at risk for becoming overweight. Exploring the differences between those at risk children that do become overweight and those who do not is the focus of the project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: No major changes in approach have been made in the approach. Minor changes are currently being explored/developed to explore the meaning nutrition/health related messages have to caregivers of at risk children.
Impacts
Initial testing of the card-sort method indicated that many of the messages nutrition professionals provide are not clearly understood by those for whom they are intended. Work with African American and white American families and their young children have indicated differences in how feeding of young children is viewed and the types of foods they children consume. Understanding and recognizing these differences will better help nutrition educators in directing message that will be clearly understand and appropriate for the lifestyles of children from different ethnic backgrounds.
Publications
- Schake, Marian. (2009). A comparison of caregiver child feeding behaviors, family environment and dietary quality between young African American and white American children. Thesis advisor-Kaye Stanek Krogstrand).
- Scales, N.E., Stanek Krogstrand, K.L., Koszewski, W.M. and Lewis, N.M. Child-feeding behaviors of caregivers, the home environment, and the dietary quality of young African American children. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 109: A-101, 2009.
- Schake, M.N., Stanek Krogstrand, K.L., Mackedanz, C.E.A., Scales, N.E., Koszewski, W.M. and Lewis, N.M. A comparison of caregiver child feeding behvaviors, family environment and dietary quality between young African American and white American children. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 109: A-101, 2009.
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Progress 10/01/07 to 09/30/08
Outputs
OUTPUTS: During the reporting year data collection, via a card sort method type of interview, was finalized with 30 low-income mothers concerning their understanding, use, and degree of difficulty for other families to use common nutrition message that nutrition professionals deliver to prevent childhood overweight. Data from 11 of these mothers was compiled with the same data from 5 other states (Indiana, Michigan, Nevada, New York and Utah). Both quantitative and qualitative analyzes were completed on the data. This resulted in data from 44 mothers. This multi-state data is currently being finalyzed for a journal article to be submitted by the end of December. A team meeting has provided direction for the next phase of the multi-state project. In addition, the data for all 30 of the mothers from Nebraska will be analyzed in the same manner and will become a Masters Thesis for one student. PARTICIPANTS: Kaye Stanek Krogstrand, Associate Professor, UNL Hilary Strom, UNL graduate student Hillary Detter, UNL graduate student Madeleine Sigman-Grant, Professor, University of Nevada Jamie Dollahite, Cornell University Amy Mobley, Assistant Professor, Purdue University Beth Olson, Associate Professor, Michigan State University Heidi Wengreen, Utah State University All participants trained in the use of the script and card sort method for consistancy in the interview procedures. TARGET AUDIENCES: Low-income mothers of young children were recruited from Cooperative Extension, the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), and, for Nebraska, the Nebraska Nutrition Education Program which includes the Food Stamp Program and Expanded Food and Nutriton Education Program. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
Although it was evident that some of these messages were used by most of these mothers, several of the messages were not clearly understood and were not used often. In addition, using a projective technique, they thought that many of these common messages would be difficult for other families to use. Drawing on research completed in other disciplines, it appears that the use of marketing approaches (e.g.the use of projective techniques, etc.)might make an emotional and personal appeal to the receiver and may have a more effective impact on the receiver. In line with recommendations from the American Academy of Pediatric, the use of qualitative approaches when assessing dietary practices may be helpful when uncovering true practices in families.
Publications
- Sigman-Grant, M., Dickin, K., Dollahite, J., Mobley, A., Olson, B., Stanek Krogstrand, K., Strom, H. and Wengreen, H. (2008). Low-income mothers' inputs about prominent child overweight prevention messages. Society for Nutrition Education.
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Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/07
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Pilot data has been collected on 19 caregivers of children 2-10 years of age. This data evaluated dietary practices used in these homes testing a card sort method for determining practices that have been connected with childhood resilience or non-resilience to obesity. Data collection will continue on this effort. In addition, Nebraska was one of the participating states in application for a National Research Inititative (NRI) grant to fund the future components of the project. (Status-Unfunded)
PARTICIPANTS: Two graduate students, one a PhD and the other an MS student, collected the data. Practice sessions were conducted with each of them to learn and practice the technique. All data was recorded and transcribed for verification. All data was collected in cooperation with the Nutrition Education Program in Nebraska which includes the Expanded Fod and Nutrition Program and the Food Stamp Education Program, and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC).
TARGET AUDIENCES: The target audience will be caregivers and families of children at risk for obesity.
Impacts
Of the 19 participating caregivers, 18 were female, 11 were Black, 7 Caucasian, and 1 Hispanic. All but 5 of the caregivers were from urban areas.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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