Progress 09/15/06 to 09/14/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: 1] An example protocol for the documentation of grain production, to be attached to grain lots as they enter the marketplace was designed. The protocol covers all elements of ISO 22005 traceability standard. A conceptual model for the bulk agricultural products supply chain in the United States was developed. The electronic bin board (internal grain handling traceability system) was tested at one elevator. Modifications have been done, and it is being tested with periodic mock recalls. 2] The case study of mapping feed to milk was continued covering dairy tracing and tracking mechanisms and comparison to the ISO 22005 standard. The data collected from the processor, dairy farm, and network of feed suppliers was used to develop a model for tracing bulk commodities from feed to milk. The study uncovered inconsistencies or gaps in the current system and provided quality control/quality management strategies that would aid in strengthening the overall external traceability system. There are significant gaps that are vulnerable to predators like aflatoxin. A thesis was completed, along with several presentations and a journal article in preparation. 3] An 'ad-hoc' standard for soybean traceability was created with the EU project 'TRACE' and the Iowa Grain Quality Initiative. TRACE developed generic and sector-specific traceability systems for use in the food industry. This study has a special focus on the traceability need of US-EU trade. 4] A feed intake monitoring system was installed at the ISU Beef Nutrition Farm to evaluate feed efficiency of individual animals using RFID technology to capture the data. The initial analysis is targeted at genetic selection. RFID technology was also installed at the ISU Armstrong Research Farm to monitor water intake frequency and cattle weight as proxies of animal health and performance and for marketing decisions. Educational programs for beef producers on the USDA Process Verified Program for age and source verification. Research was initiated using an equilibrium displacement model to estimate the impact on producer and consumer welfare of implementing an animal identification system. 5] Iowa State researchers participated in the European Union project TRACE. Papers, presentations and discussions were held in the US and Europe, presenting the reasons, feasibility and research results for bulk material traceability. Traceability and the quality management systems required to support traceability have potential to generate economic benefits in excess of costs. The long-running elevator case study has demonstrated a benefit-cost ratio of 2:1, and a continuous improvement in tracking ability, as shown over four groups of mock recall data. An international conference, Agricultural & Food Traceability Conference, was hosted in Des Moines Iowa, in June 2009. Proceedings and presentations are available at www.iowagrain.org. 6] A distance education course, Quality Management Systems for Bulk Materials Handling Operations, was designed for the Grain Elevator and Processing Society distance education program. It is being taught in January 2010 with 29 participants from across the grain industry, in 4 countries. PARTICIPANTS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
1] The milk study created a model/map for tracing commodities, to identify gaps in the internal and external traceability systems, and to provide quality control/quality management strategies to improve external traceability systems. Only 2 of the 9 design components of the ISO 22005 Standard were met by the processor. After identifying gaps, quality control and quality management strategies were developed to help close the gaps. A product flow model was also created to determine the location and documentation of products from corn to processed milk. 2] A UML Use Case diagram represented usage requirements and relationships. Two sample entity-relationship models were developed: for a farmer and a grain elevator. A UML sequence represented the case where additional information is requested for a suspect product. The Integrated Definition Function Modeling (IDEF0) technique is used to design a general Traceability model. The IDEF0 model was modified for a grain elevator handling specialty grain to obtain ISO 22000 certification. Compliance with ISO food safety standards is the control for this model. The model outputs included documentation of crop production practices, Quality Management Systems documentation, ISO 22000 certification, validation certificates, and customer satisfaction. 3] The quality system entitled "Stewardship Management System" for pork producers was delivered to 41 producers that are part of a farmer owned cooperative packing plant. A survey of Iowa meat processors regarding traceability practices and customer demands was completed and analyzed. Yearling bulls were evaluated for growth and feed efficiency using RFID technology to capture individual animal statistics. The Verified Iowa Preconditioned feeder cattle program that includes USDA age and source verification and veterinarian certification of vaccination and weaning was finalized and cattle were sold through the program. More than 500 persons attended meetings about PVP for age and source verified cattle for Japan and over 3000 head of cattle have been enrolled into a PVP program following the meeting. From March 19, 2007 to December 17, 2008, the TCSCF program marketed 15,719 head of steers and heifers. 11,775 head or 75% of the total head marketed were eligible for export to Japan. The average premium paid was $24.66/head for an additional gross income of $290,335 received by cow-calf producers who documented the age of their calves. 4] Early case studies of ISO and other QMS systems in grain handling demonstrated substantial net payback, primarily derived from operational improvements, inventory management, and reduced regulatory and risk exposure. The GEAPS course, divided into 10 instructional units: Introduced the structure, format, and characteristics of QMS in a bulk handling scenario; Integrated and aligned normal business activities with the requirements of QMS; Applied QMS as a solution to other procedures-based business needs, including inventory management, biosecurity, safety, risk mitigation, and regulatory compliance; Developed a basic framework for management, evaluation, and cost-benefit (ROI) analysis of QMS.
Publications
- Bennet, G.S., and C.R. Hurburgh. 2009. Methodology to Insure U.S. Genetically Modified (GM) Grain Sales into Approved Foreign Markets - Integrating ISO Traceability Standards with Agricultural Quality Management Systems (QMS). Poster presented at the 10th CSL/JIFSAN (Central Science Laboratory)(Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition) Symposium: Methods and Systems for Tracking, Tracing and Verifying Foods, Greenbelt Marriott Hotel, Greenbelt, Maryland. May 13-15, 2009. Also presented at the Food & Agricultural Traceability Conference & Workshop, Des Moines, Iowa. June 9-11, 2009.
- Brown, B. & Hurburgh, C.R. (2009). Maize to Milk: An analysis of the traceability systems of bulk commodities. Poster presented at TRACE 5th Annual Meeting, Munich, Germany, April 1-3, 2009. Also presented at: 6th Annual BIGMAP Symposium, Ames, Iowa, April 22-23, 2009.
- Dahlke, Garland, Darrell Busby, Dallas Maxwell. 2010. Relationship between Drinking Frequency and Carcass Traits in Yearling Feedlot Cattle. Animal Industry Report. AS Leaflet-R2501. Iowa State University.
- Dahlke, Garland, Daryl Strohbehn, Darrell Busby, Dallas Maxwell. 2009. Determination of Carcass and Live Body Weight Finishing Cattle from Front Body Weights Taken at a Scale - Electronic Identification Equipped Water Fountain. Animal Industry Report. AS Leaflet-R2401. Iowa State University.
- Hurburgh, C. R. 2009. Bulk materials traceability. 10th CSL/JIFSAN Symposium, College Park, Maryland, May 13-15, 2009. Invited presentation.
- Hurburgh, C. R. 2009. Tracing bulk grains. TRACE 5th Annual Meeting, Munich, Germany, April 1-3, 2009. Invited oral presentation.
- Thakur, M. and K.M. Donnelly. 2009. Traceability of soya beans: Specifications for the information to be recorded in the soya bean farming, handling (elevator) and processing establishments and other links in the soya bean product distribution chain. Report 31/2009. Nofima Market, Tromsoe, Norway.
- Thakur, M., G.A. Mosher, B. Brown, G.S. Bennet, H.E. Shepherd, and C.R. Hurburgh, 1-3 April 2009, Traceability in the bulk grain supply chain. Poster presented at the TRACE 5th Annual Meeting and Conference, Freising, Germany. April 1-3, 2009.
- Thakur, Maitri and Charles R. Hurburgh. 2009. Internal Traceability Database Modeling for a Grain Elevator, Poster presented at TRACE 5th Annual meeting and conference, Freising, Germany, April 1-3, 2009.
- Thakur, Maitri and Charles R. Hurburgh. 2009. Operational techniques to facilitate traceability in a bulk grain supply chain, Agricultural and Food Traceability Conference, Des Moines, Iowa. June 9-11.2009.
- Thakur, Maitri and Charles R. Hurburgh. 2009. Traceability activities in the United States and the TRACE project. Final TRACE conference: How to trace the origin of food 2-3 December 2009 - Autoworld - Brussels - Belgium
- Thakur, Maitri Charles R. Hurburgh. 2009. Framework for implementing traceability system in the bulk grain supply chain. Journal of Food Engineering 95:617-626.
- Thakur, Maitri Gretchen A. Mosher, Brittini Brown, Gregory S. Bennet, Howard E.Shepherd, Charles R. Hurburgh, 2009. Traceability in the bulk grain supply chains. Resource: Engineering and Technology for a Sustainable World, American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, April/May 2009:20-22.
- Thakur, Maitri Lizhi Wang, Charles R. Hurburgh, 2009. A lot aggregation optimization model for minimizing food traceability effort. ASABE Annual International Meeting, Reno, Nevada, June 21-24, 2009. Paper 095727.
- Hurburgh, C.R. 2009. Quality and Quantity; It's the Business. Invited presentation. Operations Management and Technology Seminar, Grain Elevator and Processing Society. St. Louis, MO, July 28, 2009.
- Hurburgh, Charles R. Jr. 2009. Feasibility of Bulk Material Traceability. Invited Presentation. FDA-FSIS Food Traceability Public Meeting. Washington, D.C. December 12, 2009.
- Mosher, G. A., Charles Hurburgh and Howard Shepherd. 2009. Quality management systems in grain operations. 10-unit distance education course for the Grain Elevator and Processing Society distance education program, offered in January 2010.
- Mosher, G.A., Freeman, S.A., Field, D.W. & Hurburgh, C.R. 2009. Development of a quality management course for adult learners using backward design. Association of Technology, Management, and Applied Engineering (ATMAE) 2009 Conference Proceedings Refereed Paper.
- Mosher, G.A., Laux, C.M. & Hurburgh, C.R. 2009. Using mock recall data to measure continuous quality improvement. Association of Technology, Management, and Applied Engineering (ATMAE) 2009 Conference Proceedings Refereed Paper.
- Bennet, G.S., and C.R. Hurburgh. 2009 Methodology to Insure U.S. Genetically Modified (GM) Grain Sales into Approved Foreign Markets - Integrating ISO Traceability Standards with Agricultural Quality Management Systems. Poster presented at the TRACE - 5th Annual Meeting and Conference, Freising, Germany. April 1-3, 2009.
- Bennet, G.S., and C.R. Hurburgh. 2009. Advances in Traceability Systems - The Integration of Supply Chain Logistics and Quality Control Systems (QCS). Poster presented at the TRACE R & D 2009, A Research & Development Conference & Strategic Workshop for Agriculture and Food Traceability, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. June 3-4, 2009. Also presented at the Food & Agricultural Traceability Conference & Workshop, Des Moines, Iowa. June 9-11, 2009.
- Bennet, G.S., and C.R. Hurburgh. 2009. Food Traceability - The Next Step - Integrating Supply Chain Management (Logistics) WITH Quality Management Systems (QMS). Poster presented at the Food and Fuel Crops: Issues, Policies, and Regulations, 2009 BIGMAP Symposium, Ames, Iowa. April 22-232, 2009.
- Strohbehn, Daryl, Garland Dahlke. 2010. Relationship between Feed Efficiency Measures during the Heifer Development Stage and Measures Taken During First Lactation in Purebred Angus - Second Year Progress Report. Animal Industry Report. AS Leaflet-R2500. Iowa State University.
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Progress 09/15/07 to 09/14/08
Outputs
OUTPUTS: An example protocol for the documentation of grain production, to be attached to grain lots as they enter the marketplace was designed. The protocol covers all required and optional elements of ISO 22005 traceability standard. The electronic bin board (internal grain handling traceability system) was tested at one elevator. Modifications are in progress. The end of project conference planning began. The conference will be in June 2009 in Des Moines Iowa, to be a joint effort of TRACE EU project and Iowa State University. A feed intake monitoring system was installed at the ISU Beef Nutrition Farm to evaluate feed efficiency of individual animals using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to capture the data. The initial analysis is targeted at genetic selection. RFID technology was also installed at the ISU Armstrong Research Farm to monitor water intake frequency and cattle weight as proxies of animal health and performance and for marketing decisions. Research is underway using an equilibrium displacement model to estimate the costs, benefits and change in producer and consumer welfare from implementing a national animal identification system. PARTICIPANTS: Grains: Dr. Charles R. Hurburgh, Jr., Professor, Agricultural Engineering. Iowa Grain Quality Initiative Management Team. Graduate Students: Gunsu Gemesi, Sustainable Agriculture; Maitri Thakur, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering; Greg Bennett, Sustainable Agriculture; Gretchen Mosher, Industrial and Agricultural Technology; Dr. Chad Laux, Industrial and Agricultural Technology (completed). Farmers Cooperative Elevator Co, Farnhamville, Iowa. Members of TRACE, 6th EU research framework project on traceability. Novecta, LLC, certification company. Livestock: Dr. John D. Lawrence, Professor, Economics; Dr. Harun Bulut, Post-doctorial Research Assistant, Economics; Brantley Ivey, Staff, Iowa Beef Center; Maro Ibarburu, Staff, Economics; Babatunde Abidoye, Graduate student, Economics; Joe Lally, Staff, Economics; Spencer Auction Company. TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
The grains section of this project has only been active for three months, so it is too soon to identify specific impacts. The quality system entitled "Stewardship Management System" for pork producers was delivered to 41 producers that are part of a farmer owned cooperative packing plant. The cooperative use the systems to meet customer expectations about food safety, animal welfare and environmental standards. These producers represent their company when domestic and export buyers ask questions about production practices and will now be able to document that standards are being met. A survey of Iowa meat processors regarding traceability practices and customer demands was completed and analyzed. The Verified Iowa Preconditioned feeder cattle program that includes USDA age and source verification and veterinarian certification of vaccination and weaning was finalized and cattle were sold through the program. Cattle producers were educated on the market premiums for age and source verified cattle which are eligible for export to Japan. Yearling bulls were evaluated for growth and feed efficiency using RFID technology to capture individual animal statistics.
Publications
- Strohbehn, Daryl, Garland Dahlke, Darrell Busby and Perry Beedle. Evaluation of Feed Efficiency Testing Angus Bulls on a New Feed Intake Monitoring System. Animal Industry Report, 2008. AS Leaflet-R2278. Iowa State University.
- Dahlke, Garland, Daryl Strohbehn, Charles Ingle, Perry Beedle. A Feed Intake Monitoring System for Cattle. Animal Industry Report, 2008. AS Leaflet-R2279. Iowa State University.
- Strohbehn, Daryl, Garland Dahlke, Darrell Busby. Evaluation and Observation of Testing Feed Efficiency in Angus Seedstock Heifers. Animal Industry Report, 2008. AS Leaflet-R2280. Iowa State University.
- Dahlke, Garland, Daryl Strohbehn, and Brantley Ivey, Darrell Busby, Dallas Maxwell, Shawn Shouse, and Charles Ingle. Progress Report: A Water Fountain Orientated Cattle Monitoring System Animal Industry Report, 2008. AS Leaflet-R2282. Iowa State University.
- Strohbehn, Daryl, Garland Dahlke, Darrell Busby, Shawn Shouse, Dallas Maxwell. Progress Report: Projecting Weights Within Lot Scales. Animal Industry Report, 2008. AS Leaflet-R2283. Iowa State University.
- Mosher, G.A., N. Keren, and S.A. Freeman. 2008. Role of Trust in Safety-Related Workplace Decisions. Accepted for presentation at the National Association of Industrial Technologists Annual Conference, Nashville, TN (November 14, 2008).
- Laux, C. A, C.R. Hurburgh, Jr., G.A. Mosher. 2008. Food Traceability Using Quality Management Systems to Meet the Food and Drug Administration Bioterrorism Act of 2002. Accepted for presentation at the National Association of Industrial Technologists Annual Conference, Nashville, TN (November 14, 2008). Outstanding Paper selection, First out of 273 contributions.
- Gregory Bennet and C. R. Hurburgh, Jr. 2008. Methodology to insure U.S. genetically modified (GM) grain sales into approved foreign markets Integrating ISO traceability standards with agricultural quality management systems. Proc. Integrated Crop Management Conference, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011. December 10-11, 2008.
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Progress 09/15/06 to 09/14/07
Outputs
OUTPUTS: This project is the third part of the four-part effort Food Chain Economic Analysis. Work on the grains and livestock sections of this project began on July 1, 2007. A GIS based lot identification system was developed. The initial trade unit of bulk commodities is the amount in one batch of a harvesting machine, with subsequent aggregation of GIS coded identifications as lots are commingled. The first draft of a simulation process for grain flow in handling was developed, based on simulation modeling of grain flow patterns. The goal is Grain Inventory Management through electronic record-keeping of bulk material in a grain elevator in a relational database format that can be expanded to the grain supply chain. The partner company, Farmers Cooperative Elevator Company, developed a quality manual for ISO certification of its agronomy input supply business. One of the goals is tracking of input supplies to specific fields and/or grain lots which connects with the needs of grain
tracking. An outreach effort began with the planning of a QMS curriculum at various levels - distance education, adult education, on-campus curricular, QMS minor at the undergraduate curriculum. The outreach connects traceability practices with current processes and provide reasons for U.S. to support traceability of bulk grain products rather than resist the concept. The quality system for pork producers is being delivered to consultants that will work directly with producers to implement the "Stewardship Management System" on their farms. Iowa meat processors were surveyed on traceability practices and customer demands as well as anticipated needs in the future. Survey results are being analyzed. ISU is partnering with an Iowa auction market to develop a Verified Iowa Premium feeder cattle program that includes age, source, vaccination, and weaning. Educational programs are being delivered to cowherds and feedlots about information management for cattle producers.
PARTICIPANTS: Grains: Dr. Charles R. Hurburgh, Jr., Professor, Agricultural EngineeringIowa Grain Quality Initiative Management TeamGraduate Students Gunsu Gemesi, Sustainable Agriculture Maitri Thakur, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Greg Bennett, Sustainable Agriculture Gretchen Mosher, Industrial and Agricultural Technology Dr. Chad Laux, Industrial and Agricultural Technology (completed) Farmers Cooperative Elevator Co, Farnhamville, Iowa Members of TRACE, 6th EU research framework project on traceability Novecta, LLC, certification company Livestock: Dr. John D. Lawrence, Professor, Economics Dr. Harun Bulut, Post-doctorial Research Assistant, Economics Brantley Ivey, Staff, Iowa Beef Center Maro Ibarburu, Staff, Economics Babatunde Abidoye, Graduate student, Economics Joe Lally, Staff, Economics Spencer Auction Company
Impacts
The grains section of this project has only been active for three months, too soon to identify specific impacts. Preliminary results of the meat processor survey have been presented at professional meetings, but more detail analysis is underway. It is too early to evaluate the educational programs initiated this summer.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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