INSECT SYSTEMATICS: BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH, EXTENSION AND SERVICE

• Sponsoring Institution: State Agricultural Experiment Station
• Project Status: COMPLETE
• Funding Source: STATE
• Reporting Frequency: Annual
• Accession No.: 0206898
• Project Start Date: Oct 1, 2006
• Project End Date: Sep 30, 2016
• Program Code: [(N/A)]- (N/A)

Recipient Organization
KANSAS STATE UNIV
(N/A)
MANHATTAN,KS 66506

Performing Department
Entomology

Non Technical Summary
Lack of systematics research in parasitic Hymenoptera hinders their use in biological control. Species names and descriptions have accumulated, but often without the revisionary work that results in keys to identification, an understanding of species limits, and insights into phylogenetic relationships. Systematics information is lacking for much of the insect fauna of endangered tallgrass prairies, which in turn is an obstacle to conservation efforts and understanding the ecology of this ecosystem. Systematics research documents biodiversity through space and time and is fundamental to issues concerning agriculture, biosecurity, conservation, public health, and the environment. Systematics and phylogenetics research contributes to knowledge about parasitic Hymenoptera, and has direct and applied relevance to the biological control of pest species, sustainable pest management, species interactions, and non-target host utilization. Such research also provides information concerning species and species distribution over habitats such as the tallgrass prairie. The KSU Museum of Entomological and Prairie Arthropod Research is a foundation for research at local, regional, national, and international levels through direct museum use, loans of specimens to outside institutions and the provision of data associated with the specimens. This collection provides long-term protection and security for a critical set of collections in North America that emphasizes the fauna of the Great Plains, from vital agricultural areas to endangered prairie habitats.

Animal Health Component

(N/A)

Research Effort Categories

Basic

(N/A)

Applied

(N/A)

Developmental

(N/A)

Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)	Subject of Investigation (SOI)	Field of Science (FOS)	Percent
211	3110	1130	100%

Knowledge Area
211 - Insects, Mites, and Other Arthropods Affecting Plants;

Subject Of Investigation
3110 - Insects;

Field Of Science
1130 - Entomology and acarology;

Keywords

parasitic wasp

chalcidoidea

biodiversity

prairie

scanning electron microscope;

Goals / Objectives
1. Systematics of Parasitic Wasps. This research studies the systematics and phylogenetics of parasitic wasps that are used, or have potential use, in biological control. This work is in progress and is expected to be conducted over a number of years. Projects include research on Eretmocerus (Aphelinidae), a parasite of whitefly, and Braconidae that attack leaf-mining flies. Expected results are a better understanding of the systematics of parasitic wasp and means to identify the regional or world fauna of groups of interest. Graduate students will be trained in morphological and molecular systematics, and in undertaking revisionary work. 2. Museum of Entomological and Prairie Arthropod Research. Museum objectives include serving as reference collection. As part of the National Plant Diagnostics Network, KSU-MEPAR has a role in identifying insects that may be of concern to plant, animal, and human health. Other activities include being a resource to the scientific community in the form of loaning specimens to other institutions for research; incorporating new material and specimens from the Great Plains region into the collection; the deposition of voucher specimens from researchers; databasing the collection; publicizing museum holdings available for study; and museum maintenance and upkeep of cabinets, drawers, and specimens. Goals for the museum include rehousing the collection into new drawers and cabinets, databasing the collection, and making specimen information available online. Digital accessibility of data from the collection will be of scientific significance to a broad diversity of scientists and laypersons, from systematists to ecologists, conservation biologists, agronomists, education workers, and others focused on Great Plains agriculture. 3. Biodiversity of insects in tallgrass prairie habitats. A study of insect biodiversity at the Konza Prairie Biological Station is in progress. This study concentrates on Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera. Despite their impact on their environment and the number of described species the prairie fauna remains unstudied to a large degree. Expected results are the descriptions of new species, a better understanding of the fauna in an endangered habitat, range extensions for species, and the ability to make comparisons between management practices on the prairie. This project complements the mission of the KSU Museum of Entomological and Prairie Arthropod Research. 4. Scanning Electron Microscope Laboratory. The objective is to provide and maintain high quality SEM services for a variety of campus and off-campus users, and for educational purposes. The department provides SEM services to scientists associated with the KAES and KSU. This includes operating the SEM and associated equipment, maintaining equipment in proper operating condition, providing a trained technician to operate the equipment, keeping records for correct billing of each investigator, conducting tours to demonstrate the capabilities of the SEM, and utilizing the SEM as a teaching tool for various classes.

Project Methods
1. Systematics of Parasitic Wasps (Hymenoptera). Morphological and molecular systematics will be used to study groups of parasitic wasps of interest, particularly those useful to biological control. This will involve traditional revisions and generation of illustrated keys for identification, particularly at the level of genus and species. Phylogenetic analyses will be conducted using both morphological and molecular data appropriate to the particular taxa under study. 2. Museum of Entomological and Prairie Arthropod Research. For databasing purposes, the museum will employ the free software program Specify ver. 4.6, which is designed expressly for databasing natural history collections and was developed with support from the National Science Foundation. Support is being sought to house the database, along with digital photographs, on a server devoted solely to the museum and the KSU Herbarium. Funding is also being sought for the major expense of moving the collection into new cabinets and Cornell style insect drawers. 3. Biodiversity of insects in prairie habitats. Malaise traps and an electric light trap will be used to sample the insects of interest. These will be brought to the lab for sorting, mounting, and identification. Loans of insects will be provided to various systematists working on particular insect groups. Specimen information will be databased and made available to a variety of researchers via the museum website.

Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/16

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience for this project included systematics researchers, ecologists, biologists, conservationists, educators, land owners and ranchers, K-12 students, university students, and the general public. Information was conveyed via journal publications, seminars and oral presentations at professional conferences or public venues, outreach activities, classroom presentations, or via training various groups. In addition, physical insect specimens or data associated with specimens was provided to researchers. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Graduate students have learned collecting and curatorial skills, in addition to phylogenetic analyses using molecular and morphological data. All graduate students involved have done oral or poster presentations at professional society meetings, or have published research results in peer-reviewed journals. They have also secured competitive scholarships, grants, and post doctoral positions. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Peer-reviewed journals, book chapters, posters and oral presentations at professional society meetings. Outreach presentation to different organizatons or public events like K-State Open House. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? 1. Systematics of Parasitic Wasps. New species of the parasitic wasp genus Eretmocerus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) were described, and biological control efforts using Eretmocerus against Bemisia (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) were summarized in a book chapter. The New World genus Chaenusa (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was revised. This work had species descriptions, host records, and distributional records. 2. Museum of Entomological and Prairie Arthropod Research--approximately 52,500 specimens have been added to the collection since the year 2000. The entire research collection (360,000+ specimens) was transferred to new unit trays, Cornell drawers, and steel insect cabinets. 357,775 specimens have been databased and made available online (biodis.k-state.edu). This includes data for 15,909 insect names, 109 countries. The collection has loaned specimens to systematic researchers, and provided training and label data information to other researchers. The collection has served as a resource for the KS Agricultural Extension Service, KS Dept. of Agriculture, KS Forest Service, and USDA-APHIS. It has also been been an outreach platform for 4-H, FFA, Boy Scouts, and Master Gardeners. 3. Biodiversity of insects in tallgrass prairie habitats--a study of prairie pollinators in annual burn vs patch burn grazing is near completion. Information and data on how pollinators like native bumble bees utilize prairie resources is analyzed 4. Scanning Electron Microscope Laboratory--the SEM served as resource for 10-15 K-State departments each year, and was used to teach a graduate level SEM class. The SEM has been sold to another campus department.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Burke, A.F., J.M. Leavengood and G. Zolnerowich. 2015. A checklist of the New World species of Tillinae (Coleoptera: Cleridae), with an illustrated key to genera and new country records. ZooTaxa 4059: 1-39.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2006 Citation: Kula, R., G. Zolnerowich, and C. Ferguson. 2006. Phylogenetic analysis of Chaensua sensu lato (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) using mitochondrial NADH 1 dehydrogenase gene sequences. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 15: 251-265.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2006 Citation: Rose, M. and G. Zolnerowich. 2006. Eretmocerus hoelmeri new species (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Aphelinidae) from Aleuropleurocelus sp. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae: Aleyrodinae) on Hymenoclea salsola (Asterales: Asteraceae), in the California Imperial Valley. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 82: 275-282.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2008 Citation: Kula, R. R., and G. Zolnerowich. 2008. Revision of New World Chaenusa Haliday sensu lato (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae), with new species, synonymies, hosts, and distribution records. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 110: 160.
• Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2008 Citation: Zolnerowich, G., and M. Rose. 2008. The Genus Eretmocerus Haldeman (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Aphelinidae). pp. 89-110, in: Gould,�J., K. Hoelmer and J. Goolsby. Classical Biological Control of Bemisia tabaci in the United States: a Review of Interagency Research and Implementation. Vol. 4, Progress in Biological Control�(H.M.T. Hokkanen, series ed.). Springer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2009 Citation: Metlevski, J., and G. Zolnerowich. 2009. A new species of Drasteria H�bner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae; Catocalinae: Melipotini) from Arizona. Journal of the Lepidopterists Society 63(1): 1-10.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2010 Citation: Zolnerowich, G., and R. L. Zuparko. 2010. Copidosoma howardi, a new name for Parapsilophrys gelechiae Howard, 1898. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 8: 135-138.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Burke, A. F., and G. Zolnerowich. 2014. Four new species of Cymatodera Gray from Mexico (Coleoptera, Cleridae, Tillinae). ZooKeys 387: 33-49.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Burke, A. F., and G. Zolnerowich. 2014. Cymatodera ochlera Barr, a junior synonym of Cymatodera wolcotti Barr, with a comparison to similar species (Coleoptera: Cleridae: Tillinae). Zootaxa 3847(3): 423-430.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Burke, A. F., J. Rifkind and G. Zolnerowich. 2015. Four new checkered beetle species from central and south Mexico (Coleoptera: Cleridae: Tillinae). ZooKeys 513: 105-121.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Burke, A. F. and G. Zolnerowich. 2016. Taxonomic revision of the New World genus Callotillus Wolcott (Cleridae, Tillinae), with the description of the new genus Neocallotillus, and an illustrated key of identification to species. ZooKeys 617: 65-89.

Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audiences include the entomology systematics community, the larger biological community such as ecologists and conservationists and state or federal agencies, plus educators, students, and the general public. Efforts include systematics research, loans of insect specimens, making insect specimen data available, identification of specimens, formal classroom instruction, and public outreach. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Worked with a graduate student to prepare postdoctoral grants. He received a competitive postdoctoral grant to conduct research in South Africa. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Traditional publications, presentations at conferences, online data. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Imaging of insect specimens as part of collaborative NSF project. Provide data and expertise to "Moths of Kansas" project.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? A number of new species of Cleridae (Coleoptera) have been described, and a phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data has been completed. A revision of the genus Callotillus was published. Fieldwork on the effects of patch-burn grazing vs annually burned and unburned pastures regarding pollinator diversity has been completed and analysis of data is underway.This research involved mark-recapture of pollinators, radio telemetry of bumble bees, and passive bee bowl collecting. Within Lepidoptera, 1,484 new specimens were added to the collection, including 60 species new to the collection, 198 specimens were identified to genus, and 1,490 specimens were identified to species. 2,265 pinned, identified insects and 40 vials of microhymenoptera were added to the collection. 680 vials of earthworms (1-5+ specimens per vial) from the "Earthworms Across Kansas project were deposited in the collection. Visitors who utilized the museum included included C. Ely, E. Riley (TAMU), G. Salsbury, and a group of Chinese scientists.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Burke, A. F. and G. Zolnerowich. 2016. Taxonomic revision of the New World genus Callotillus Wolcott (Cleridae, Tillinae), with the description of the new genus Neocallotillus, and an illustrated key of identification to species.�ZooKeys 617: 65-89 (doi: 10.3897/zookeys.617.9970)

Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15

Outputs
Target Audience:This project seeks to inform the systematics community, ecologists, conservationists, biologists, entomologists, educators, land owners and ranchers, and the general public. Information is conveyed via journal publications, seminars and oral presentations at professional conferences or public venues, via training various groups, and by formal classroom instruction. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Two graduate students wrote competitive grant proposals, some of which were funded, presented research talks at a variety of conferences, and published research results. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Professional presentations at conferences, journal publications, presentations for the general public. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Additional species of Cleridae (Coleoptera) have been found, and a checklist and key to New World species of Tillinae has been submitted for publication in a journal. Another field season of studying the effects of patch-burn grazing vs annually burned and unburned pastures has been completed. This involved mark-recapture of pollinators, radio telemetry of bumble bees, and passive bee bowl collecting over a wide latitudinal gradient in Kansas and Oklahoma. 3,200 specimens of Lepidoptera were collected, with 700 identified specimens added to the insect collection. This represents the addition of 45 species new to the collection. Two hundred specimens were identified to the genus level and 600 specimens were identified to the species level. Visitors who utilized the insect collection included Dr. L. Cohnstaedt and two staff members (USDA), Dr. Z. Falin and two students (University of Kansas), Dr. C. Tauber (Cornell University), and Dr. D. Young (University of Wisconsin). The collection also serves as a reference resource for departmental faculty.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Burke, A. F., J. Rifkind, G. Zolnerowich. 2015 Four new species of Cymatodera Gray from central and southern Mexico (Coleoptera: Cleridae: Tillinae). ZooKeys 513: 105-121.

Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14

Outputs
Target Audience: The target audiences include the entomology systematics community, the larger biological community such as ecologists and conservationists and state or federal agencies, plus educators, students, and the general public. Efforts include systematics research, loans of insect specimens, making insect specimen data available, identification of specimens, formal classroom instruction, and public outreach. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Traditional publications, presentations at conferences, online data. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Tillinae (Coleoptera: Cleridae), additional fieldwork on tallgrass prairie pollinators and patch-burn grazing. Continue databasing of insect collection, along with whole drawer imaging.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? A number of new species of Cleridae (Coleoptera) have been described, and a phylogenetic analysis based on morphology has been completed. A revision of several genera, with keys to genera and species, has been completed and is in review before submitting for publication. Fieldwork on the effects of patch-burn grazing vs annually burned and unburned pastures regarding pollinator diversity is in progress, with 2 field seasons completed. This involved mark-recapture of pollinators, radio telemetry of bumble bees, and passive bee bowl collecting. Workers databased information for 34,573 insect specimens in 2014, with a total of 343,447 specimens representing 15,827 taxa databased thus far. Within Lepidoptera, 433 new specimens were added to the collection, including 35 species new to the collection, 102 specimens were identified to genus, and 437 specimens were identified to species. A total of 1,961 specimens were added to the collection. Visitors who utilized the museum included E. Makin and J. Harbin (USDA), C. Ely (personal), M. L. Jameson and student (Wichita State University), L. Buschman (retired), J. Knutson (Colorado State University).

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Burke, A. F., and G. Zolnerowich. Four new Cymatodera Gray species from M�xico (Coleoptera, Cleridae, Tillinae). ZooKeys 387: 33-49.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Raghavan, R. M., D. G. Goodin, G. A. Hanzlicek, G. Zolnerowich, M. W. Dryden, and R. R. Ganta. Maximum entropy modeling to estimate the distribution of Amblyomma americanum ticks in Kansas.

Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13

Outputs
Target Audience: Audiences of interest include the systematics community, the larger biological community such as ecologists and conservationists and state or federal agencies, plus educators, students, and the general public. Efforts include systematics research, loans of insect specimens, identification of specimens, formal classroom instruction, and public outreach. Changes/Problems: Systematics research has focused on the family Cleridae (Coleoptera) due to availablility of students and expertise. Land management techniques and their effects on pollinator diversity also is a new area that has supplanted work on parasitic Hymenoptera. The scanning electron microscope housed in the department has been transferred to another department and will no longer be included as part of this project. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Training for three graduate students, 2 Ph.D. and 1 M.S. student. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Results have been disseminated through publications, presentations at conferences, online delivery of information, and presentation for the public. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Phylogenenetic analysis of Cleridae based on morphology and DNA; second field season of pollinator diversity and burning/non-burning; continued databasing and insect collection enhancement.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? A number of new species of Cleridae (Coleoptera) have been described, and a phylogenetic analysis undertaken. Fieldwork on the effects of patch-burn grazing vs annually burned and unburned pastures regarding pollinator diversity is in progress, with one field season completed. Work is nearly complete regarding rehousing the entire insect collection into new drawers and unit trays. Workers databased information for 50,430 insect specimens, with a total of 308,839 specimens representing 14,823 taxa databased thus far.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Burke A. F. 2013. Six new species of Cymatodera from Mexico and Central America and the retention of Cymatodera obliquefasciata as a valid name (Cleridae, Tillinae). ZooKeys 299: 4975.
• Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: Burke, A., and G. Zolnerowich. Phylogenetic analysis of New World Tillinae (Coleoptera: Cleridae) based on morphological characters. ESA, Austin, TX. Poster presentation.
• Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: Wiggam-Ricketts, S., G. Zolnerowich, and B. McCornack. Pollinator resource use in rangelands managed with patch burn grazing. ESA, Austin, TX. 10-minute talk.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2014 Citation: Burke, A. F., and G. Zolnerowich. Four new Cymatodera Gray species from M�xico (Coleoptera, Cleridae, Tillinae). ZooKeys. Submitted.
• Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: Wiggam-Ricketts, S., G. Zolnerowich, D. Ricketts, and D. Margolies. Pollinator resource use in rangelands that utilize patch-burn grazing as a management tool. Kansas Natural Resources Conference, Wichita, KS. Poster presentation.

Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Workers databased information for 64,960 insect specimens in 2012, with a total of 256,634 specimens representing 13,202 taxa from 103 countries databased thus far. The Coleoptera (beetles) have now been completely databased, and the Hymenoptera (ants, bees, wasps) are currently being databased. Newly databased information went into a collaborative biodiversity web portal with search and mapping functions for the entomology collection and herbarium (online at http://biodis.k-state.edu). 11,958 herbarium specimens have been imaged as part of the biodiversity web portal. Within Lepidoptera, 612 new specimens were added to the collection, including 36 species new to the collection, 250 specimens were identified to genus, and 456 specimens were identified to species. Two three-year grants for continued databasing and image capture of specimen drawers are in progress, one from the National Science Foundation and one from the Institute of Museum and Library Services. Research on the systematics of Eleale (Coleoptera: Cleridae), and the subfamily Tillinae (Coleoptera: Cleridae), is underway. New research on the effects of patch-burn grazing on pollinators in tallgrass prairie, in grazed and ungrazed areas, was initiated. Nine university departments and two off-campus researchers used the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Total beam time was 121 hours. Thirteen KSU researchers used the facility. Listed are the departments with the number of individual researchers and the total beam time in hours, respectively, in parentheses: Agronomy (1, 5.33); Biological and Agricultural Engineering (1, 13.48); Biology (1, 9.9); Chemistry (1, 0.73); Chemical Engineering (1, 2.11); Civil Engineering (1, 5.81); Entomology (1, 0.65); Geology (2, 24.26); Grain Science & Industry (4, 22.89); Horticulture (1, 1.16). Elemental analysis by X-ray emission was used by 3 researchers in 2 departments, for a total beam time of 4.91 hours. Five students in ENTOM 850, Scanning Electron Microscopy, used 37.58 hours of beam time. Non-university users included 2 researchers for a total of 1.18 hours on the SEM and 1.5 hours for elemental analysis by X-ray emission. PARTICIPANTS: Allen, Cameron, Dept. of Entomology, KSU; Allen, David, K-State Libraries, KSU; Burke, Alan, Dept. of Entomology, KSU; Dietrich, Christopher, Illinois Natural History Survey; Ferguson, Carolyn F., Division of Biology, KSU; Giddens, Michael, SilverBiology; Haddock, Michael, K-State Libraries, KSU; Livingston, Clancey, Dept. of Entomology, KSU; Maringanti, Harish, K-State Libraries, KSU; Mayfield, Mark, Division of Biology, KSU; Metlevski, Jan, Dept. of Entomology, KSU; Wiggam-Ricketts, Shelly, Dept. of Entomology, KSU. Two undergraduate student workers and a staff worker have been employed to database insect specimens and update insect cabinets, drawers, and unit trays. Funding for databasing and collection infrastructure upgrades were provided by KSU Targeted Excellence, NSF, IMLS, and the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. TARGET AUDIENCES: Audiences of interest include the systematics community, the larger biological community such as ecologists and conservationists and state or federal agencies, plus educators, students, and the general public. Increased acquisition and dissemination of the insect fauna facilitates systematics resources and provides data or other information for the target audiences. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
The systematics program and insect museum provide a national and regional view of insect diversity necessary to understand the roles insects have in natural systems and agroecosystems. The biodiversity portal represents state-of-the-art information delivery regarding insect and plant distributions, images, and digital information that a variety of users such as public school teachers, conservationists, and ecologists can utilize. The insect museum is participating as a data provider for another large multi-institutional NSF grant project. Because 9 university departments and 2 non-university groups used the SEM lab in 2012, it continues to be a resource for research and teaching involving aspects of entomology, materials science, and others areas important to the mission of KSU.

Publications

• No publications reported this period

Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Workers databased information for 54,261 insect specimens in 2011, with a total of 190,438 specimens representing 10,246 taxa databased thus far. Coleoptera (beetles) are currently being databased. A collaborative biodiversity web portal with search and mapping functions for the entomology collection and herbarium is online at http://biodis.k-state.edu. Additional literature for insects and plants have been scanned and made available at that web site. Nine new insect cabinets, 432 insect drawers, and 6,100 unit trays were ordered, and replaced old cabinets and drawers. Within Lepidoptera, 1,168 new specimens were added to the collection, including 62 species new to the collection, 146 specimens were identified to genus, and 919 specimens were identified to species. Two three-year grants for continued databasing and image capture of specimen drawers were obtained, one from the National Science Foundation and one from the Institute of Museum and Library Services. Research on the systematics of Eleale (Coleoptera: Cleridae), and the subfamily Tillinae (Coleoptera: Cleridae), is underway. Off-campus users of the museum included: JoVonn Hill, Mississippi State University; Rocio Rosa Garcia, SERIDA, Asturias, Spain; and Glenn Salsbury, KS Dept. of Agriculture. Nine university departments and four non-university groups used the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Total beam time was 121 hours. Eighteen KSU researchers used the facility. Listed are the departments with the number of individual researchers and the total beam time in hours, respectively, in parentheses: Agronomy (1, 5.53); Biological and Agricultural Engineering (1, 13.48); Biology (1, 9.9); Chemistry (1, 9.85); Chemical Engineering (1, 1.5); Geology (1, 21.41); Grain Science & Industry (4, 38.87); Physics (2, 6.36); Plant Pathology (1, 3.22). Elemental analysis by X-ray emission was used by 5 researchers in 5 departments, for a total beam time of 9.92 hours. Non-university users included 4 researchers for a total of 6.75 hours. PARTICIPANTS: Allen, Cameron, Dept. of Entomology, KSU; Allen, David, K-State Libraries, KSU; Burke, Alan, Dept. of Entomology, KSU; Dietrich, Christopher, Illinois Natural History Survey; Ferguson, Carolyn F., Division of Biology, KSU; Giddens, Michael, SilverBiology; Haddock, Michael, K-State Libraries, KSU; Livingston, Clancey, Dept. of Entomology, KSU; Maringanti, Harish, K-State Libraries, KSU; Mayfield, Mark, Division of Biology, KSU; Metlevski, Jan, Dept. of Entomology, KSU. Two undergraduate student workers and a staff worker have been employed to database insect specimens and update insect cabinets, drawers, and unit trays. Funding for databasing and collection infrastructure upgrades were provided by KSU Targeted Excellence and the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. TARGET AUDIENCES: Audiences of interest include the systematics community, the larger biological community such as ecologists and conservationists and state or federal agencies, plus educators, students, and the general public. Increased acquisition and dissemination of the insect fauna facilitates systematics resources and provides data or other information for the target audiences. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
Because the systematics program and insect museum provide a resource for insect diversity necessary to understand the roles insects have in natural systems and agroecosystems, this project successfully obtained 2 federal grants, from the National Science Foundation and the Institute of Museum and Library Services. The insect museum is participating as a data provider for another large multi-institutional NSF grant project. Because 9 university departments and 4 non-university groups used the SEM lab in 2011, it continues to be a resource for research and teaching involving aspects of entomology, materials science, and others areas important to the mission of KSU.

Publications

• Zolnerowich, G., and R. L. Zuparko. 2010. Copidosoma howardi, a new name for Parapsilophrys gelechiae Howard, 1898. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 8: 135-138.

Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/10

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Workers databased information for 40,100 insect specimens in 2010, with a total of 136,000 specimens representing 7,459 taxa databased thus far. All the Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) have been databased, and the Coleoptera (beetles) are currently being databased. A collaborative biodiversity web portal with search and mapping functions for the entomology collection and herbarium is online at http://biodis.k-state.edu. Relevant literature for insects and plants have been scanned and made available at that web site. Eleven new insect cabinets, 528 insect drawers, and over 10,000 unit trays were ordered, and replaced old cabinets and drawers. Within Lepidoptera, 1,971 new specimens were added to the collection, 345 species new to the collection were added, 833 specimens were identified to genus, and 6,526 specimens were identified to species. Research on the systematics of Eleale (Coleoptera: Cleridae), is underway. Eleven university departments and four non-university groups used the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Total beam time was 140 hours. Twenty-one KSU researchers used the facility. Listed are the departments with the number of individual researchers and the total beam time in hours, respectively, in parentheses: Agronomy (1, 3.52); Animal Science (1, 1.25); Biological and Agricultural Engineering (2, 5.68); Biology (1, 11.1); Chemistry (1, 4.07); Chemical Engineering (2, 36.82); Geology (3, 15.34); Grain Science & Industry (6, 31.28); Industrial Engineering (1, 2.75); Physics (2, 6.36); Plant Pathology (1, 4.0). Elemental analysis by X-ray emission was used by 7 researches in 6 departments, for a total beam time of 10.07 hours. Non-university users included 4 researchers for a total of 8.05 hours. The SEM was used in Spring 2010 to teach ENTOM 850, Scanning Electron Microscopy. PARTICIPANTS: Allen, David, K-State Libraries, KSU; Ferguson, Carolyn F., Division of Biology, KSU; Giddens, Michael, SilverBiology; Haddock, Michael, K-State Libraries, KSU; Kula, Robert R., USDA-SEL, Washington, D.C.; Maringanti, Harish, K-State Libraries, KSU; Mayfield, Mark, Division of Biology, KSU; Metlevski, Jan, Dept. of Entomology, KSU; Snyder, Bruce, Division of Biology, KSU. Two undergraduate student workers and a staff worker have been employed to database insect specimens and update insect cabinets, drawers, and unit trays. Funding for databasing and collection infrastructure upgrades were provided by KSU Targeted Excellence and the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. TARGET AUDIENCES: Audiences of interest include the systematics community, the larger biological community such as ecologists and conservationists and state or federal agencies, plus educators, students, and the general public. Increased acquisition and dissemination of the insect fauna facilitates systematics resources and provides data or other information for the target audiences. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
Because the systematics program and insect museum provide a resource for insect diversity necessary to understand the roles insects have in natural systems and agroecosystems, this project is participating in two pending, collaborative, multi-institutional NSF grant proposals. Because 11 university departments and 4 non-university groups used the SEM lab in 2010, it continues to be a resource for research and teaching involving aspects of entomology, materials science, and others areas important to the mission of KSU.

Publications

• No publications reported this period

Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09

Outputs
OUTPUTS: A collaborative biodiversity web portal with search and mapping functions for the entomology collection and herbarium is online at http://biodis.k-state.edu. Workers databased information for 42,790 insect specimens in 2009, with a total of 95,821 specimens representing 4,149 taxa databased thus far. The Hemiptera/Homoptera holdings have been databased, and workers have databased approximatedly 60% of the Lepidoptera collection. Eleven new insect cabinets, 528 insect drawers, and over 10,000 unit trays were ordered, and replaced old cabinets and drawers. Work is in progress moving specimens into new unit trays. Within Lepidoptera, 2,100 new specimens were collected, 260 species new to the collection were added, 350 specimens were identified to genus, and 913 specimens were identified to species. A total of 1,322 specimens were donated to the collection. Z. Falin (KU), L. Hesler (USDA-ARS), J. Marche, and G. Salsbury (KS Dept. of Agriculture) all utilized the collection in person, in addition to various KSU personnel. Three loans totaling 903 specimens were made. Twelve university departments and five non-university groups used the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Total beam time was 97.05 hours. Twenty-five KSU researchers used the facility. Listed are the departments with the number of individual researchers and the total beam time in hours, respectively, in parentheses: Agronomy (1, 2.97); Biological and Agricultural Engineering (3, 16.23); Biochemistry (2, 1.25); Chemistry (3, 13.03); Chemical Engineering (4, 14.42); Entomology (2, 2.66); Geology (2, 11.01); Grain Science & Industry (4, 24.52); Horticulture (1, 5.43); Industrial Engineering (1, 3.45); Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering (1, 1.15); Physics (1, 0.58). Elemental analysis by X-ray emission was used by 9 researches in 5 departments, for a total beam time of 21.04 hours. Non-university users included 5 researchers for a total of 8.67 hours. PARTICIPANTS: Allen, David, K-State Libraries, KSU; Ferguson, Carolyn F., Division of Biology, KSU; Giddens, Michael, SilverBiology; Haddock, Michael, K-State Libraries, KSU; Kula, Robert R., USDA-SEL, Washington, D.C.; Maringanti, Harish, K-State Libraries, KSU; Mayfield, Mark, Division of Biology, KSU; Metlevski, Jan, Dept. of Entomology, KSU. Four undergraduate student workers have been employed to database insect specimens and update insect cabinets, drawers, and unit trays. Funding for databasing and collection infrastructure upgrades were provided by KSU Targeted Excellence and the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. TARGET AUDIENCES: Audiences of interest include the systematics community, the larger biological community such as ecologists and conservationists and state or federal agencies, plus educators, students, and the general public. Increased acquisition and dissemination of the insect fauna facilitates systematics resources and provides data or other information for the target audiences. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
The systematics program and insect museum provide a national and regional view of insect diversity necessary to understand the roles insects have in natural systems and agroecosystems. Systematists who have borrowed specimens, particularly at the USDA Systematics Entomology Lab in Washington, D.C., and the Canadian National Collection in Ottawa, Canada, are documenting the biodiversity of particular insects groups found in the tallgrass prairie. The biodiversity portal represents state-of-the-art information delivery regarding insect and plant distributions, images, and digital information that a variety of users such as public school teachers, conservationists, and ecologists can utilize. Because 12 university departments and 5 non-university groups used the SEM lab in 2009, it continues to be a resource for research and teaching involving aspects of entomology, materials science, and others areas important to the mission of KSU.

Publications

• No publications reported this period

Progress 01/01/08 to 12/31/08

Outputs
OUTPUTS: The holdings of Cicadellidae have been databased, and remaining homopterans are being databased. Label data for 39,786 specimens was entered this year, making a total of 52,924 specimens databased thus far. Twelve new insect cabinets were purchased, along with drawers and unit trays, to replace obsolete storage units. Progress on moving insects into new unit trays and drawers is in progress. Within the Lepidoptera, 700 specimens were collected, 125 species were added to the collection holdings, 700 specimens were identified to genus, and 1,350 specimens were identified to species. A total of 3,262 specimens were donated to the collection. A collaborative biodiversity web portal that will have search and mapping functions for the entomology collection and herbarium is near completion. Three loans were returned, and 8 voucher numbers were assigned. Eleven university departments and five non-university groups used the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Total beam time was 103.86 hours. The number of researchers using the facility was 22. Listed are the departments with the number of individual researchers and the total beam time in hours, respectively, in parentheses: Agronomy (1, 1.75); Biological and Agricultural Engineering (1, 1.9); Biochemistry (2, 7.26); Chemistry (2, 23.28); Chemical Engineering (5, 21.93); Entomology (2, 1.07); Grain Science & Industry (5, 23.33); Industrial Engineering (1, 7.09); Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering (1, 3.35); Vet Med EM Lab (1, 3.35). Non-university use totaled 10.24 hours. Elemental analysis by X-ray emission was used by five departments and one non-university group. Total beam time was 10 hours. Departments utilizing the EDXA were: Agronomy, 1.85 hrs; Chemistry, 2.27 hrs; Chemical Engineering, 2.03 hrs; Facilities, 0.25 hrs; Industrial Engineering, 0.6 hrs. The off-campus usage was 3 hours. The Ag Honors class, AG200, spent 1.00 hours on the SEM. PARTICIPANTS: Allen, David, K-State Libraries, KSU; Ferguson, Carolyn F., Division of Biology, KSU; Giddens, Michaeal, SilverBiology; Haddock, Michael, K-State Libraries, KSU; Kula, Robert R., USDA-SEL, Washington, D.C.; Maringanti, Harish, K-State Libraries, KSU; Mayfield, Mark, Division of Biology, KSU; Metlevski, Jan, Dept. of Entomology, KSU; Mohandass, Sivakumar, Office of Mediated Education, KSU. Four undergraduate student workers have been employed to database insect specimens and update insect cabinets, drawers, and unit trays. Funding for databasing and collection infrastructure upgrades were provided by NSF EPSCoR and KSU Targeted Excellence grants, and from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. TARGET AUDIENCES: Audiences of interest include the systematics community, the larger biological community such as ecologists and conservationists and state or federal agencies, plus educators, students, and the general public. Increased acquisition and dissemination of the insect fauna facilitates systematics resources and provides data or other information for the target audiences. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
The systematics program and insect museum provide a national and regional view of insect diversity necessary to understand the roles insects have in natural systems and agroecosystems. The museum is expanding its role as a repository of biodiversity information, and as a resource for ecologists and climate forecasting. A large amount of biological information will become available then when biodiversity portal goes online. The SEM lab is a resource for research and teaching involving aspects of entomology, materials science, and areas important to the mission of KSU.

Publications

• Zolnerowich, G., and M. Rose. 2008. The Genus Eretmocerus Haldeman (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Aphelinidae). pp. 89-109 In: J. Gould, K. Hoelmer, and J. Goolsby (eds.). Classical Biological Control of Bemisia tabaci in the United States: A Review of Interagency Research and Implementation. Springer, 343 pp.
• Metlevski, J., and G. Zolnerowich. 2008. A new species of Drasteria Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae; Catocalinae: Melipotini) from Arizona. In Press.
• Kula, R. R., and G. Zolnerowich. 2008. Revision of New World Chaenusa Haliday sensu lato (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae), with new species, synonymies, hosts, and distribution records. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 110: 1-60.

Progress 01/01/07 to 12/31/07

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Specimens from the Konza Prairie Biological Station are being sorted, curated, and identified. 1522 specimens of Lepidoptera representing 120 species new to the collection were added. 720 specimens were identified to the genus level, and 2155 specimens identified to the species or species-group level. 2140 specimens were donated to the collection. The holdings of Orthoptera have been databased, and workers are now entering information for Cicadellidae. Information for 12,340 specimens was entered this year, making a total of 13,138 specimens entered thus far. Thirteen loans of totaling 7816 specimens plus 161 bulk samples were loaned to researchers. Three voucher numbers were assigned. Ten university departments and 3 non-university groups used the Scanning Electron Microscope. Total beam time was 78.6 hours. Twenty-six researchers used the facility, with departments, the number of individual researchers, and total beam time in hours in parentheses are listed: Biological and Agricultural Engineering (2, 13.15); Division of Biology (1, 0.70); Chemistry (3, 16.83); Chemical Engineering (5, 6.81); Entomology (3, 7.71); Geology (2, 6.1); Grain Science & Industry (3, 9.65); Industrial Engineering (1, 2.66); Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering (1, 3.95). Non-university use totaled 9.46 hours. Elemental analysis by X-ray emission was used by two departments and one non-university group. Departments utilizing the EDXA were Chemistry, 0.28 hours; and Chemical Engineering, 2.57 hours. Off-campus usage was 5.78 hours. The Ag Honors class, AG200, spent 1.0 hour on the SEM. PARTICIPANTS: Allen, David, K-State Libraries, KSU; Ferguson, Carolyn F., Division of Biology, KSU; Haddock, Michael, K-State Libraries, KSU; Kula, Robert R., USDA-SEL, Washington, D.C.; Maringanti, Harish, K-State Libraries, KSU; Mayfield, Mark, Division of Biology, KSU; Metlevski, Jan, Dept. of Entomology, KSU; Mohandass, Sivakumar, Office of Mediated Education, KSU. Three undergraduate student workers were hired and trained in the use of the database program Specify for data entry of museum specimens and collection information. Funding for databasing was provided by NSF EPSCoR and KSU Targeted Excellence grants, and from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. TARGET AUDIENCES: Audiences of interest include the systematics community, the larger biological community such as ecologists and conservationists and state or federal agencies, plus educators, students, and the general public. Increased acquisition and dissemination of the insect fauna facilitates systematics resources and provides data or other information for the target audiences.

Impacts
The systematics program and insect museum provide a national and regional view of insect diversity necessary to understand the roles insects have in natural systems and agroecosystems. Descriptions of new species and a key to the identification of Chaenusa enable their potential use in biological control. The museum is expanding its role as a repository of biodiversity information, and as a resource for ecologists and climate forecasting, and serves as a tool for agricultural biosecurity. The SEM lab is a resource for research and teaching involving aspects of enxtomology, materials science, and areas important to the mission of KSU.

Publications

• Kula, R. R. , and G. Zolnerowich (2007) In press. Revision of New World Chaenusa Haliday sensu lato (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae), with new species, synonymies, hosts, and distribution records. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 110:1-60.

Progress 01/01/06 to 12/31/06

Outputs
Specimens of Eretmocerus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), parasitic wasps that are important natural enemies of whitefly, are being sorted and identified. Several thousand insect specimens were added to the museum, mostly Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera. Glenn Salsbury, Kansas Dept. of Agriculture, deposited 1203 specimens in the collection, and a donation of 3,747 aquatic specimens from the Konza Prairie Biological Station identified to family or genus was made. Within Lepidoptera, 705 identified specimens were added to the collection, which includes 183 identified to genus and 503 identified to species, representing an addition of 88 species new to museum holdings. Over 4,000 lepidopterans from Kansas, Arizona, and New Mexico were collected. Molecular phylogenetic research on braconid wasps was completed, as was a revision of the genus Chaenusa. The type specimen database was completed. Four Malaise traps sampled Konza Prairie habitats from May-November, and 108 samples were collected. Specimens from previous sampling are being sorted, curated, and identified. Preliminary Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera from the Konza Prairie Biological Station have been posted online. Collection information from 800 grasshoppers has been databased as part of an NSF EPSCoR project. 1,622 specimens were loaned to researchers. Twenty-two voucher numbers were assigned to 16 different faculty, staff, and students. Eleven university departments and 5 non-university groups used the Scanning Electron Microscope. Total beam time was 97.37 hours. Twenty-eight researchers used the facility. Below are listed the departments with the number of individual researchers and the total beam time in hours in parentheses. Animal Science & Industry (2, 5.0), Biological and Agricultural Engineering (2, 3.6), Division of Biology (1, 6.75), Chemistry (1, 0.67), Chemical Engineering (4, 16.75), Entomology (3, 20.2), Geology (1, 9.76), Grain Science & Industry (5, 12.9), Industrial Engineering (1, 2.5), Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering (2, 4.9), and Physics (1, 0.65). Non-university use totaled 13.75 hours. Elemental analysis by X-ray emission was used by 5 departments and 4 non-university groups. Departments utilizing EDXA were Chemistry, 0.85; Chemical Engineering, 0.38; Geology, 2.0; and Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering, 0.37. Off-campus usage was 6.9 hours. Two lab classes from Geology, Paleontology GEOL 581, and Architecture of Sea Shells, GEOL790, spent lab periods in the SEM facility going over theory and practical application of the SEM (9.75 hrs) to their particular fields. Chemical Engineering's summer course, EXCITE, for high school girls used 2.00 hours on the SEM. The Freshman Honors Experience class, AG200, spent 1.0 hour on the SEM.

Impacts
The systematics program and insect museum provide a national and regional view of insect diversity necessary to understand the roles insects have in natural systems and agroecosystems. The museum is expanding its role as a resource for ecologists and climate forecasting, and serves as a tool for agricultural biosecurity. The SEM lab is a resource for research and teaching involving aspects of entomology, materials science, and areas important to the mission of KSU.

Publications

• Zolnerowich, G., and M. Rose. 2006. In press. The Genus Eretmocerus Haldeman (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Aphelinidae). In: J. Gould, K. Hoelmer, and J. Goolsby (eds.). Classical Biological Control of Bemisia tabaci in the United States: A Review of Interagency Research and Implementation, 1992-2001. Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD.
• Rose, M. and G. Zolnerowich. 2006. In press. Eretmocerus hoelmeri new species (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Aphelinidae) from Aleuropleurocelus sp. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae: Aleyrodinae) on Hymenoclea salsola (Asterales: Asteraceae), in the California Imperial Valley. Pan-Pacific Entomologist.
• Kula, R., G. Zolnerowich, and C. Ferguson. 2006. Phylogenetic analysis of Chaensua sensu lato (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) using mitochondrial NADH 1 dehydrogenase gene sequences. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 15: 251-265.
• Ahmad, A., G. E. Wilde, R. J. Whitworth, and G. Zolnerowich. 2006. Effect of coleopteran-specific Cry3Bb1 toxin for corn rootworm control on aboveground insect predators. Journal of Economic Entomology 99: 1085-1098.