Source: Picarro, Inc. submitted to NRP
MULTI-GAS SENSORS FOR MONITORING AIR EMISSIONS FROM LIVESTOCK OPERATIONS
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0206538
Grant No.
2006-33610-16835
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
2006-00575
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
May 1, 2006
Project End Date
Dec 31, 2006
Grant Year
2006
Program Code
[8.11]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
Picarro, Inc.
(N/A)
Sunnyvale,CA 94085
Performing Department
(N/A)
Non Technical Summary
The rapid proliferation of Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations has raised concerns about both health and environmental impacts of aerial emissions from animal production and waste management systems. The purpose of this project is to develop an ultra-sensitive instrument, based on cavity ringdown spectroscopy, that will enable researchers to continuously monitor hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, nitrous oxide, and methane under conditions normally encountered in livestock feeding and other agricultural facilities.
Animal Health Component
100%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
100%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
1410410202025%
1417210202025%
4040410202025%
4047210202025%
Goals / Objectives
The rapid proliferation of Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations has raised concerns about both health and environmental impacts of aerial emissions from animal production and waste management systems. Picarro proposes to develop an ultra-sensitive instrument, based on cavity ringdown spectroscopy, that will enable researchers to continuously monitor hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, nitrous oxide, and methane under conditions normally encountered in livestock feeding and other agricultural facilities. This high precision instrument will have these characteristics: a) the ability to continuously monitor H2S, NH3, N2O, and CH4 in air to a precision of 2ppbv, 1ppbv, 10 ppbv, and 10 ppbv respectively in a total measurement time of twenty minutes or less, b) capable of precisely monitoring H2S, NH3, N2O, and CH4 over a dynamic range greater than three orders of magnitude, c) robust enough for unattended field deployment for periods of half a year or longer, d) cost less than $20,000 when manufactured in quantity, and e) not sensitive to dust and other particulate matter.
Project Methods
We propose to develop the ultra-sensitive four-gas instrument using cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS), an emerging all-optical trace gas detection technique. Cavity ringdown spectrometers are superior instruments for making atmospheric measurements because they are both highly sensitive and highly selective, they are easy to operate, and they provide the possibility of providing a highly accurate absolute concentration measurement. Further, we propose to demonstrate the feasibility of engineering a robust CRDS instrument capable of field deployment with little or no maintenance or user intervention. In phase I we will demonstrate the technical feasibility of achieving our performance targets in the presence of potential airborne contaminants such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and particulates.

Progress 05/01/06 to 12/31/06

Outputs
The goal of this project is to develop a robust instrument capable of continuously monitoring hydrogen sulfide, methane, ammonia, and nitrous oxide, at environmentally significant levels in the vicinity of Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs). We present the results of our Phase I efforts to achieve the technical milestones outlined in the proposal. The first step in the project was to procure the components necessary to build the four-laser CRDS instrument. Key components include the four DFB lasers, the optics and electronics necessary to switch between these lasers, and the base CRDS instrument that includes a) a high finesse optical resonator operating between 1500 and 1650 nm, b) a broadband high precision optical wavemeter of our own design, c) inlet and outlet plumbing to enable pressure and temperature control of the input sample, d) data acquisition electronics for collection and processing of ringdown and wavelength data, and e) the pump and power supply unit for operating the instrument. After design and procurement were complete, the instrument was assembled and tested. After the instrument was operating properly, it was subjected to a battery of tests similar to those applied to our single-laser instruments during Month 4. These tests revealed that the instrument operates within normal specifications for all four lasers, indicating that our design effort to produce a truly broadband optical platform was successful. The instrument was then configured for four species operation. Detailed spectroscopy was developed and implemented for all four target gases. For each gas, we characterized the sensitivity of the instrument and the cross-talk to other gas species. For all four species, we either met or exceeded our targets for sensitivity and dynamic range with a minimum of cross-talk with other gas species. The target (first value) and achieved (second value) sensitivities in a 5-minute measurement time for each gas are: Ammonia 1 ppbv 0.05 ppbv Hydrogen Sulfide 2 ppbv 0.4 ppbv Nitrous Oxide 10 ppbv 9.6 ppbv Methane 10 ppbv 0.15 ppbv Having established both the performance levels and the viability of the architecture, as well has having proven the general robustness of the analyzer platform over ambient temperature and in dirty operating environments, we are well-prepared to proceed with Phase II of this project, in which we will develop a four-species product to be used in extended field trials at a CAFO.

Impacts
The Picarro 4-gas analyzer can monitor ammonia, methane, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrous oxide gases in real time, without attendance, and in harsh operating conditions such as agricultural facilities. It can measure these gases with greater sensitivity than other available technologies. It will provide valuable information on the atmospheric pollution emissions of concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs).

Publications

  • No publications reported this period