Progress 04/15/06 to 04/14/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: The Western Region (WR) IR-4 Program is comprised of an analytical laboratory, a field research office and a quality assurance unit to support the field trials, residue analyses and GLP compliance required for the registration of pesticides used on high value specialty crops. For the three year reporting period, a total of 597 field trials in support of registration of pesticides on food use crops were conducted in the west. The ornamentals program carried out research with fungicides, insecticides and herbicides. Studies were carrying out assessing effects on a variety of pests including phytophthora, pythium, thrips, lygus, whitefly biotype Q, sedge and broadleaf weeds. Due to funding constraints, the IR-4 efficacy program has been small with only 6 efficacy trials conducted in 2006, 2 in 2007 and 5 in 2008. The majority of funding for efficacy trials is received from outside sources. The biopesticides grants program in the WR receiving funding for 13 projects in 2006, 8 projects in 2007 and 3 projects in 2008. Projects were in insect pest management (6 projects) plant pathogen management (17 projects) and 1 project researched a bird repellent. Over the 3 year period of the project, the WR Analytical Laboratory completed the analysis for a total of 379 field trials. The Hawaii and Washington State satellite labs respectively conducted analyses for 14 and 30 of the total number of trials completed in western laboratories. The QA unit conducted 313 critical phase inspections, 28 facility inspections and 553 raw data audits over the three time frame for a total of 894 inspections and audits. US EPA conducted 17 inspections at field and laboratory sites in the Western region. The State Liaison Representatives met annually in 2006 at the Aurora field station at the University of Oregon, in 2007 at Fort Collins Colorado and in 2008 at UC Davis. In 2006, the Kearney Research and Extension Center in Parlier, CA had a field day to focus on IR-4 activities and the role of the center in the IR-4 program. The WR consistently contributes articles to the IR-4 newsletter presenting issues of importance to the West. The previously developed web based Priority Setting Tool(PST) is functioning well to capture and track the pest management needs and priorities of Western growers. Overall, the program continues to be very productive and to meet the needs of the WR and California growers of Specialty crops. PARTICIPANTS: Analytical Laboratory Facilities: Western Region Laboratory Coordinator, Matt Hengel PhD UC Davis, Matt Hengel and analytical staff University of Hawaii, Manoa, Qing Li and analytical staff Washington State University, Vince Hebert and analytical staff Field Research Facilities: Western Region Field Coordinator, UC Davis, Rebecca Sisco, MS Western Region Assistant Field Coordinator, UC Davis, Stephen Flanagan, BS Field Research Center Field Research Director Affiliation Location Artichoke Research Service Bob Viales, Mohammad Bari Artichoke Research Association Salinas, California CSU Field Research Center Clark Oman Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado Holtville Field Research Center Brent Boutwell University of California Holtville, California Irrigated Agriculture Research & Education Center Dan Groenendale Washington State University Prosser, Washington Kimberely Research & Education Center Will Meeks University of Idaho Twin Falls, Idaho Leyendecker Research Center Maury Craig New Mexico State University Las Cruces, New Mexico OSU Northwest Research & Education Center Joe DeFrancesco Oregon State University Aurora, Oregon UC Davis Field Research Center Don Stewart University of California Davis, California UC Kearney Agricultural Center Keri Skiles University of California Parlier, California UH Field Research Center Julie Coughlin University of Hawaii Honolulu, Hawaii Quality Assurance Unit Western Region QA Coordinator, UC Davis, James McFarland, BS Western Region Assistant QA Coordinator, UC Davis, Martin Beran, BS TARGET AUDIENCES: The project provides data for registration of pesticides on specialty crops and for minor uses in major crops. Uses in ornamental crops are also addressed and research is conducted with biopesticides. The growers of specialty crops and the ornamental industry are the beneficiaries of the research. This target group encompasses not only state and regional growers but also growers nationally. Consumers derive a significant benefit from this research as they are provided with safe, high quality produce and ornamental plants. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
The goal of IR-4 is to provide safe and effective pest management solutions for specialty crops. This program functions at a national level with regions in the South, West, North Central and North East and a headquarters in Rutgers, New Jersey. It represents a partnership between the land grant universities, cooperative extension, and specialty crop growers and is comprised of field, laboratory and quality assurance units. Pesticide residue data for new crop chemical registrations is generated under Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) guidelines. The Western Region (WR) IR-4 Program is comprised of an analytical laboratory, a field research office and a quality assurance unit to support the field trials, residue analysis and GLP compliance required for the registration of pesticides used on high value specialty crops. These "minor" crops encompass nearly all the fruits and vegetables produced in California and represent over 500 food and feed crops. This is an important program for growers and consumers as it supplies the growers with needed pest management tools in situations where, because of insufficient financial incentives, agrichemical companies are unwilling to conduct the studies necessary for pesticide registration on minor crops. As a result of legislation associated with the Food Quality and Protection Act of 1996, IR-4 focuses on next generation "reduced risk" pesticides that effectively control disruptive pests without adverse effects on the environment. The emergence of invasive pests, chemical resistance, and the loss of older compounds makes new chemical registrations vital to California's multi-billion dollar specialty crop agriculture. In California, specialty crops dominate. For example, California is the sole producer (99% or more) of a large number of specialty crops including almonds, clingstone peaches, figs, and walnuts. In 2004, California's total gross cash income from agriculture was $31.8 billion of which approx. 70% was derived from specialty crops. Nationally, the average number of pesticides clearances obtained per year by the IR-4 program has increased markedly and now exceeds 550.
Publications
- Hengel, MJ and MG Miller. Analysis of Flonicamid and Its Metabolites in Dried Hops by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J. Agric. Food Chem. 55: 8033-8039, 2008.
- Hengel, MJ and MG Miller. Analysis of Pesticides in Dried Hops by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J. Agric. Food Chem. 56 (16), 6851-6856, 2008.
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Progress 04/15/07 to 04/14/08
Outputs
The WR (Western Region) IR-4 project carried out 192 magnitudes of residue food use field trials in 2007 field season. Seven western states (CA, CO, HI, ID, NM, OR, WA) participated in the field program and the work was conducted at 12 different field research sites. A small number of projects had to be restarted or rescheduled at a later date for a variety of reasons including weather conditions, birds, freezer failure, as well as technical issues. The WR received approx. $50,000 in additional grants and gifts to support trials important to western growers and registrants. The WR ornamental program conducted fungicide (Phytophthora (2 sites) and pythium), herbicide (3 research groups) and insecticide (thrips and lygus) projects. Two projects involving plant growth regulants are also underway. Efficacy studies in the WR are funded from nonIR-4 sources and only 2 studies were carried out this year. Eight biopesticide projects received IR-4 funding to research insect
pest management (1 project), plant pathogen management (6 projects) and a bird repellent (1 project). The WR lab, field and QA personnel organized and presented at an IR-4 Training session in Hawaii. The meeting was well attended and very successful. The WR State Liaison Representatives held their annual meeting at Fort Collins, Colorado. This was a joint meeting with the IR-4 Commodity Liaison Committee. The WR contributed articles for each of the IR-4 newsletters published this year. The WR Analytical laboratory completed a total of 126 field studies this year. Satellite laboratories in Hawaii and Washington State contributed to this number by respectively completing 9 and 13 field trials. The analytical laboratory installed a new QQQ LC MS/MS and is upgrading database and data acquisition software. New and improved standard operating procedures have been implemented. There were 8 US EPA inspections within the WR. These were at a processing center, 6 field sites and 1 lab and field
site. The majority of the locations were in California but Washington and New Mexico were also represented. Audits and reports completed were 122 Critical Phase Inspections, 7 Facility Inspections and 193 Raw Data audits.
Impacts
The goal of IR-4 is to provide safe and effective pest management solutions for specialty crops. This program represents a partnership between the land grant universities, cooperative extension, and specialty crop growers and is comprised of field, laboratory and quality assurance units. Pesticide residue data for new crop chemical registrations is generated under Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) guidelines. IR-4 focuses on next generation "lower risk" pesticides that effectively control disruptive pests without adverse effects on the environment. The emergence of invasive pests, chemical resistance, and the loss of older compounds makes new chemical registrations vital to California's multi-billion dollar specialty crop agriculture. In California, specialty crops dominate. For example, California is the sole producer (99% or more) of a large number of specialty crops including almonds, clingstone peaches, figs, and walnuts. In 2004, California's total gross cash income
from agriculture was $31.8 billion of which approx. 70% was derived from specialty crops.
Publications
- Hengel, MJ and MG Miller. 2007. Analysis of Flonicamid and Its Metabolites in Dried Hops by Liquid Chromatography, Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J. Agric. Food Chem. 55: 8033 through 8039
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Progress 04/15/06 to 04/15/07
Outputs
The WR (Western Region) had 224 magnitude of residue food use field trials during the 2006 field season. Seven western states (CA, CO, HI, ID, NM, OR, WA) participate in the field program and the work was conducted at 15 field research sites in 2006. The WR received approx. $176,000 in additional grants and gifts to support trials important to western growers and registrants. The WR ornamental program conducted fungicide trails on Phytophthora at Oregon State University, Washington State University and Utah State University. For insecticides, thrips control studies were carried out at UC Davis and Washington State University. The UC Davis group and a UC Riverside group also conducted some studies on Whitefly Biotype Q. Four groups at UC Davis, Colorado State University, Oregon State University and UC Cooperative Extension carried out research on herbicides. The projects addressed plant safety for herbicides that control sedge and broadleaf weeds. The IR-4 program had
a very small efficacy program in 2006 due to funding cuts. The WR conducted 6 efficacy trails which were primarily supported by registrant dollars. Three of the efficacy projects completed the efficacy data set where tolerances were being established, 1 trial was for control of P. capsici in peppers and the other 2 were seed treatment efficacy trails. Thirteen biopesticide projects received IR-4 funding to research insect pest management (3 projects) and plant pathogen management (10 projects). The Kearney Research and Extension Center in Parlier, CA had a field day to focus on IR-4 activities and the role of the center in the IR-4 program. Account of this very successful event was written up in the IR-4 newsletter. The WR State Liaison Representatives with members of the Commodity Liaison Committee met for their annual meeting in Aurora, Oregon. The WR Analytical laboratory received 137 field trials, logged and processed 812 samples, and produced 144 stability samples. The Laboratory
completed a total of 158 field trials during this period. Satellite laboratories in Hawaii and Washington State completed and submitted 5 and 11 field trials respectively. Four US EPA inspections occurred within the time period of this report in the WR. These were at Colorado State University, Oregon State University, Washington State University and Del Monte Foods, Walnut Creek. Audits and reports completed were 91 Critical Phase Inspections, 12 Facility Inspections and 168 Raw Data audits for a total of 271 inspections and audits.
Impacts
The Western Region IR-4 program is comprised of an analytical laboratory, a field research office and a quality assurance unit to support field trials, residue analysis and GLP compliance required for pesticide registration. IR-4 supports registrations for reduced risk pest management tools on high value specialty crops that represent a $16 billion value and 40% of California agriculture.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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