Progress 10/01/05 to 09/30/08
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Exotic, invasive insect species represent one of the most serious groups of agricultural and forest pests in North America. Early detection of exotic species through timely and accurate identification is paramount to evaluating pest status and implementing control, management, and/or eradication efforts. To this end, my pest detection and survey work, and taxonomic backup support for other plant protection initiatives in the NE U.S. continues. The following identification activities and Hatch survey were conducted in 2008, the final year of this project. New records in central NY (Ithaca) were confirmed for the (Asian) brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, based on specimens I examined in 2008; this is the first collection of this immigrant stink bug outside of NYC and Long Island in the state (it is widespread elsewhere in the NE). I continue to receive and confirm specimens of H. halys collected by homeowners from the greater Portland area, Oregon. As part of my identification activities for the U.S. Forest Service, I identified the Asian bark beetle Xyleborus seriatus new to New York; the only other records available for this exotic species are Massachusetts and Maine. The major thrust of my Hatch work is an ongoing detection survey conducted in the Pacific Northwest in July 2008. An 8-day collecting trip to Washington and Oregon in early July yielded noteworthy records of several immigrant (non-native) species. First time records for Washington and/or Oregon were obtained for the following exotic species: the lady beetle Brumus quadripustulatus, the weevil Rhinoncus bruchoides, the soldier beetle Rhagonycha fulva, the case-bearing moth Coleophora dauratella, and the sawfly Pristophora alnivora. All specimens obtained from this survey are deposited in the Cornell University Insect Collection (Ithaca, NY). Additional activities include my taxonomic support for a joint USDA-APHIS and Forest Service national "Early Detection and Rapid Response" survey for exotic bark and ambrosia beetles. As one of three national taxonomists for this survey, I am responsible for the identification and surveillance of exotic bark and ambrosia beetles in the Northeast. For the past 3-year granting period, a total of 8 species of exotic insects were discovered and reported new to North America or the United States (cited in publications). An additional 30 exotic species were reported either new to the eastern or western U.S., eastern Canada, or the Maritime provinces (Nova Scotia and Newfoundland). Including the scientific papers that appeared in print in 2008 (cited below), a total of 13 peer-reviewed publications resulted from the collecting/survey activities of this 3-year Hatch funding period. PARTICIPANTS: My primary collaborator on this project is Dr. A. G. Wheeler, Jr. (Adjunct Professor, Department of Entomology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634). Recognized nationally as a leading survey entomologist focusing on exotic insects, he served as colleague and partner in collecting field trips in 2008 to (Pacific NW) survey sites and was co-author in documenting significant discoveries via peer-reviewed publications. In 2008, other collaborators located in the Pacific NW were James LaBonte (Taxonomic and Survey Entomologist, Oregon State Department of Agriculture, Salem, OR), and Eric LaGasa (State Entomologist, Washington State Department of Agriculture, Olympia, WA). These researchers, both recognized survey entomologists, provided logistical assistance in selecting appropriate field sites for exotic pest survey/collecting and each assisted in field collecting activities. In addition, the following also were involved with survey and collecting efforts in the NE: personnel of the New York State Division of Plant Industry, Agriculture & Markets; members of other northeast and northwest state departments of agriculture; and various federal, state, and local USDA-APHIS-PPQ and USDA/FS personnel. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences for these exotic pest detection and survey efforts are the primary stakeholders whose primary mission and focus is the protection of America's plant resources and other natural and managed ecosystems. These audiences/stakeholders would include state plant health protection organizations and regulatory agencies (state departments of agriculture, environmental conservation, natural resources, USDA-APHIS, USDA-Forest Service), academia (extension), and most importantly the affected grower industries (agrobusiness and forestry). PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: None to report
Impacts
With an ever expanding global economy and an unprecedented volume of trade taking place with all corners of the earth, and especially Asia, the United States and the North American continent is constantly being invaded by exotic pest species. As a result of quarantine and inspection measures at our major ports of entry, many potentially dangerous pests are effectively excluded. However, these measures are not always failsafe and a number of accidental introductions of exotic species do occur annually. Those pests that colonize rapidly and spread unimpeded pose a serious threat to North American agriculture, horticulture, and forestry. Early and rapid detection of exotic species in the landscape is imperative in order to establish eradication or management protocols. To this end, my detection and survey initiatives support federal and state programs safeguarding North American plant resources from bioinvasions.
Publications
- Hoebeke, E. R. 2008. New records of Quedius cruentus (Olivier), a Palearctic rove beetle (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), in northeastern North America. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Washington 110: 391-396.
- Hoebeke, E. R. and R. J. Rabaglia. 2008. Xyleborus seriatus Blandford (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), an Asian ambrosia beetle new to North America. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Washington 110: 470-476.
- Hoebeke, E. R., A. G. Wheeler, Jr., and J. W. Brown. 2008. Archips xylosteana (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a Palaearctic leafroller new to North America. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Washington 110: 789-795.
- Wheeler, A. G., Jr., and E. R. Hoebeke. 2008. Rise and fall of an immigrant lady beetle: Is Coccinella undecimpunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) still present in North America. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Washington 110: 811-817.
- Wheeler, A. G., Jr., E. R. Hoebeke and G. L. Miller. 2008. New records of Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha, Cicadomorpha, Heteroptera) for Newfoundland, Canada. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Washington 110: 1244-1250.
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Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/07
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Exotic, invasive insect species represent one of the most serious groups of agricultural and forest pests in North America. Early detection of exotic species through timely and accurate identification is paramount to evaluating pest status and implementing control, management, and/or eradication efforts. To this end, my pest detection and survey work, and taxonomic backup support for other plant protection initiatives in the NE U.S. continues. The following Hatch survey and identification activities were conducted in 2007. An ongoing delimiting survey in NY for the viburnum leaf beetle, Pyrrhalta viburni, yielded no additional counties. Total number of counties known to be occupied/infested still stands at 35. Three new state records (NY, MA, OH) were confirmed for the (Asian) brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, based on specimens I examined in 2007. A new detection survey was conducted in the Pacific Northwest. An 8-day collecting trip to Washington and Oregon in
mid-July yielded detection records of several immigrant species. Conomelus anceps, a Eurasian planthopper recorded for the first time from North America (Newfoundland) in 2005 (see my 2006 progress narrative) was newly discovered in Olympia, WA, the first record of this exotic species in western North America. Specimens of a Palearctic species of Mompha (a leaf-mining moth) were tentatively identified from the reference collection of the Washington State Dept. of Agriculture (M. epilobiella). The host of this exotic species is also an immigrant plant: hairy willowherb, Epilobium hirsutum. Larvae of yet another unidentified Mompha were discovered in leaf mines on Epilobium lanceolata, another exotic species. More collections and rearing of these leaf-mining moths will be made in 2007. First time records for Washington were obtained for the following exotic species: a sweet clover weevil (Tychius meliloti), a lady beetle (Scymnus suturalis), and the European potato flea beetle
(Psylliodes affinis). Additional activities in 2007 included my taxonomic support for a joint USDA-APHIS and Forest Service national "Early Detection and Rapid Response" survey for exotic bark and ambrosia beetles. As one of three national taxonomists for this survey, I am responsible for the identification and surveillance of exotic bark and ambrosia beetles in the Northeast. Relevant discoveries of new immigrant species in the United States, especially those that are known pests and of quarantine signifance, and any new records for non-indigenous species of limited North American distribution are published in peer-reviewed journals (see examples of new publications below), thus disseminating valuable information to entomologists, and more importantly, to stakeholders most affected by these newly established pests (regulatory agencies and growers). Routinely, federal and state regulatory agencies and officials (USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Forest Service, NYS Agriculture & Markets) are notified
of these important detections and these data are contributed to the National Agricultural Pest Information System (NAPIS) through the Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey program (CAPS).
PARTICIPANTS: My primary collaborator on this project is Dr. A. G. Wheeler, Jr. (Adjunct Professor, Department of Entomology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634). Recognized nationally as a leading survey entomologist focusing on exotic insects, he served as colleague and partner in collecting field trips in 2007 to (Pacific NW) survey sites and was co-author in documenting significant discoveries via peer-reviewed publications. In 2007, other collaborators located in the Pacific NW were James LaBonte (Taxonomic and Survey Entomologist, Oregon State Department of Agriculture, Salem, OR), and Eric LaGasa (State Entomologist, Washington State Department of Agriculture, Olympia, WA). These researchers, both recognized survey entomologists, provided logistical assistance in selecting appropriate field sites for exotic pest survey/collecting and each assisted in field collecting activities. In addition, the following also were involved with survey and collecting efforts in the NE:
personnel of the New York State Division of Plant Industry, Agriculture & Markets; members of other northeast and northwest state departments of agriculture; and various federal, state, and local USDA-APHIS-PPQ and USDA/FS personnel.
TARGET AUDIENCES: The target audiences for these exotic pest detection and survey efforts are the primary stakeholders whose primary mission and focus is the protection of America's plant resources and other natural and managed ecosystems. These audiences/stakeholders would include state plant health protection organizations and regulatory agencies (state departments of agriculture, environmental conservation, natural resources, USDA-APHIS, USDA-Forest Service), academia (extension), and most importantly the affected grower industries (agrobusiness and forestry).
Impacts
With an ever expanding global economy and an unprecedented volume of trade taking place with all corners of the earth, and especially Asia, the United States and the North American continent is constantly being invaded by exotic pest species. As a result of quarantine and inspection measures at our major ports of entry, many potentially dangerous pests are effectively excluded. However, these measures are not always failsafe and a number of accidental introductions of exotic species do occur annually. Those pests that colonize rapidly and spread unimpeded pose a serious threat to North American agriculture, horticulture, and forestry. Early and rapid detection of exotic species in the landscape is imperative in order to establish eradication or management protocols. To this end, my detection and survey initiatives support federal and state programs safeguarding North American plant resources from bioinvasions.
Publications
- Hoebeke, E. R. 2007. Asian longhorned beetle: Invasion on North American urban forests, pp. 25-29. In D. Pimentel, ed., Encyclopedia of Pest Management, Volume I. CRC, New York.
- Hoebeke, E. R. 2007. Invasive insects as major pests in the United States, pp. 288-291. In D. Pimentel, ed., Encyclopedia of Pest Management, Volume II. CRC Press, New York.
- Hoebeke, E. R. and Rabaglia, R. J. 2007. First reported occurrence of Xyleborinus alni (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in the eastern United States, with notes on its recognition and tree hosts. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Washington 109:240-248.
- Losey, J. E., Perlman, J. E. and Hoebeke, E. R. 2007. Citizen scientist rediscovers rare nine-spotted lady beetle, Coccinella novemnotata, in eastern North America. J. Insect Conservation 11:415-417. Weston, P. A., Desurmont, G. and Hoebeke, E. R. 2007. Viburnum leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): biology, invasion history in North America, and management options. American Entomologist 53(2):96-101.
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Progress 01/01/06 to 12/31/06
Outputs
Exotic, invasive insect species represent one of the most serious groups of agricultural and forest pests in North America. The early detection of such exotic species through timely and accurate identification is paramount to evaluating their pest status and implementing control, management, and/or eradication efforts. To this end, my pest detection and survey work, and taxonomic backup support for other plant protection initiatives in the northeastern U.S. continues. The following Hatch survey and identification activities were conducted in 2006. An ongoing delimiting survey in 2006 for the viburnum leaf beetle (VLB), Pyrrhalta viburni, in NY yielded 2 additional counties (Dutchess and Ulster Co.) - now totaling 35 counties known to be occupied/infested. Surveys for two species of European crane flies (Tipula oleracea and T. paludosa) in NY continue; specimens have been identified from Long Island and elsewhere in central NY. Continuing detection surveys in the
Atlantic Provinces of Canada took place in 2006 as well. An 8-day collecting trip to Newfoundland in early August resulted in the detection of 4 species of planthoppers (Delphacidae) new for the province. In fact, Conomelus anceps, an Old World species, is recorded for the first time from North America based on these collections. Additional specimens also were collected of the tortricid moth, Archips xylosteana, another Eurasian species, from the greater St. John's area. A Palearctic leaf-mining moth, Mompha raschkiella (Momphidae) was collected from the weed Epilobium angustifolium at one site on the Avalon peninsula. This represents the first known collection of this species in North America. Two species of European sawflies, Pristiphora alnivora from columbine and Metallus lanceolatus from Geum, were collected for the first time from Newfoundland. Additional activities include my taxonomic support for a joint USDA-APHIS and Forest Service national Early Detection and Rapid Response
survey for exotic bark and ambrosia beetles. As one of three national taxonomists for this survey, I am responsible for the identification and surveillance of exotic bark and ambrosia beetles in the Northeast.
Impacts
With an ever expanding global economy and an unprecedented volume of trade taking place with all corners of the earth, and especially Asia, the United States and the North American continent is constantly being invaded by exotic pest species. As a result of quarantine and inspection measures at our major ports of entry, many potentially dangerous pests are effectively excluded. However, these measures are not always failsafe and a number of accidental introductions of exotic species do occur annually. Those pests that colonize rapidly and spread unimpeded pose a serious threat to North American agriculture, horticulture, and forestry. Early and rapid detection of exotic species in the landscape is imperative in order to establish eradication or management protocols. To this end, my detection and survey initiatives support federal and state programs safeguarding North American plant resources from bioinvasions.
Publications
- Hoebeke, E. R. and A. G. Wheeler, Jr. 2005. First records of adventive Hymenoptera (Argidae, Megachilidae, Tenthredinidae, and Vespidae) from the Canadian Maritimes and the United States. Entomol. News 116(3): 159-166.
- Peck, D. C., E. R. Hoebeke, and C. Klass. 2006. Detection and establishment of the European crane flies Tipula paludosa Meigen and Tipula oleracea L. (Diptera: Tipulidae) in New York: a review of their distribution, invasion history, biology, and recognition. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 108(4): 985-994.
- Hoebeke, E. R. and R. E. Acciavatti. 2006. Hylurgops palliatus (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), a Eurasian bark beetle new to North America. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 108(2): 267-273.
- Wheeler, A. G., Jr., T. J. Henry, and E. R. Hoebeke. 2006. Palearctic plant bugs (Hemiptera, Miridae) in Newfoundland, Canada: First North American records for Phytocoris longipennis Flor and Pilophorus cinnamopterus (Kirschbaum), new records of eight other species, and review of previously reported species, pp. 997-1014. In Rabitsch, W. (Ed.), Hug the bug, For love of true bugs. Festschrift zum 70. Geburststag von Ernst Heiss. Denisia 19: 1184 pp.
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