Progress 10/01/10 to 09/30/15
Outputs
Target Audience: Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Approximately twelve months of professional effort were committed to producer risk colloquia for Native American, Women, Young and Beginning, Specialty Crop and African American producers. Quarterly short course presentations on the economic status of the poultry industry were conducted over the project's duration, as have numerous presentations to USDA-APHIS strike force on HPAI, the Arkansas Farm Bureau Poultry Committee and regional professional organizations on industry economics and grower profitability. IBIS and AR BEAT training sessions have been available upon request on an individual of group basis. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? A major activity generally thought to be extension in nature is the convening and conduct of the producer risk colloquia. Numerous insights to direct future research were obtained from the in-depth, first-of-its-kind bar camp information sessions among emerging producer audiences. This information has been compiled and is in various stages of release to diverse audiences of producers and policy makers, the first being a briefing to the Deputy Secretary of Agriculture Krysta Harden at the Agricultural Roundtable in Little Rock in November 2013. Continuing interaction with poultry growers and integrators as well as other farmers (through Farm Bureau, Farm Credit System and Poultry Partners) resulted in public presentations to lenders and regulatory professionals regarding risks associated with economic and regulatory changes in agriculture. Additional copies of IBIS continued to be subscribed to and maintenance of the database continues. An extensive listing of popular press, interview transcripts and Extension publications is available upon request. Peer reviewed publications appear in the publication section. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Primary research accomplishments have occurred in the following areas of emphasis: 1) Economic situation of poultry growers; 2) Issues facing the poultry industry, including extensive work on economic assessments and estimates of effects of extending tax exemptions to poultry growers for energy used in poultry production; 3) Alternative lighting in broiler houses; 4) Poultry grower profitability and decision-aids, industry education through research and education workshops and seminars and 5) Assessment of educational and marketing programs for Veterans' farm operations. The Interactive Broiler Income Spreadsheet has been completely re-tooled to incorporate changes in the industry over the past ten years and developments in energy technology. The new tool will be released in June 2016 as Broiler Economic Analysis Spreadsheet with new panel data from 24 broiler farms. Similar releases for breeder hens and pullets are scheduled for September 2016. Calculations utilizing state-obtained data and IBIS estimated sales tax savings of approximately $450 per house and $6 million statewide for producers. Shipment of corn from the Arkansas Delta to Arkansas poultry feed mills by unit trains to accrue cost savings. If 25% of the AR corn crop were utilized by shipments within AR at a savings of $.20 per bushel, roughly $4 M would accrue to farmers and integrators. A new research initiative involving the Arkansas Energy Office on use of LED lighting in broiler grow-out houses as a cost-saving measure is resulted in outcomes that are anticipated to have a major impact on Arkansas growers. Two grant projects focusing on Veterans in Agriculture are fully underway. This Veterans' programming, delayed until early in 2015 due to funding and budgetary issues emanating from USDA-NBFRDP, is focused on developing and/or improving both production and marketing skills necessary for success of Veterans returning to agriculture as both an economic development activity and a rehabilitative activity for physical and emotional disabilities. The broad-ranging cooperation in implementing this project among USDA-ARS, U of A Division of Agriculture, Veterans and Veterans' organizations and NGOs is a great example of what can be undertaken and accomplished with proper project collaboration.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2011
Citation:
Donoghue, Dan J., H.L. Goodwin, Jr., Angela R. Mays, Komala Arsi, Margo Hale, Terrell Spencer, Michael OGorman, Shibu Jose, Joan Burke and Ann M. Donoghue. Armed to Farm: Developing training programs for military veterans in agriculture , Journal of Rural Social Sciences, 29(2), October 2014.
Goodwin, H.L. Jr., Oral Capps, Susan Watkins, Chris Eagleson, Kip Karges, Clark Springfield and Nancy Shearer. Improvement in Gross Margins for Poultry Cuts Above Feed Costs Seen with H.J. Bakers ProPlus 57 Compared to Traditional Meat and Bone Meal Diets . Forthcoming, January, 2016, Feedstuffs.
Oral Capps, Jr., H.L. Goodwin, Jr., Loren Burns, Kip Karges, Clark Springfield and Nancy Shearer. Determining the Value of Various Ingredient Characteristics and Product Components in Poultry Feed Ingredients . Forthcoming, January, 2016, Feedstuffs.
Potter, Bill, John A. Marcy, Jason Apple and H.L. Goodwin, Jr. "Impact Of Performance-Based Sanitation Systems On Microbiological Characteristics Of Poultry Processing Equipment And Carcasses As Compared To Traditional Sanitation Systems." Journal of Applied Poultry Research. Volume 21, Issue 3,
Pp. 669-678, March 2011.
Goeringer, P., H. L. Goodwin Jr., M. Popp. 2013 The New Fuel Frontier: Biomass Contracting , Kentucky Journal of Equine, Agriculture, and Natural Resources Law, Mineral Law Center, University of Kentucky College of Law 5,1:96 pages.
Goeringer, L. Paul and H.L. Goodwin. 2013 An Overview of Arkansass Right-to-Farm Law , Journal of Food Law & Policy, 9,1(Spring):1-16.
Donoghue, Dan J., H.L. Goodwin, Jr., Angela R. Mays, Komala Arsi, Margo Hale, Terrell Spencer, Michael OGorman, Shibu Jose, Joan Burke and Ann M. Donoghue. Armed to Farm: Developing training programs for military veterans in agriculture , Journal of Rural Social Sciences, 29(2), October 2014.
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Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14
Outputs
Target Audience: Target audiences for the project activities this year were poultry growers in Arkansas, Oklahoma, Missouri and Texas, row crop producers in the Arkansas and Mississippi Delta regions and the High Plains of Oklahoma and Texas, poultry integrators, Farm Bureaus across the southern US, agricultural lenders and farm Credit Banks in the Ozark Plateau Region, agriculturalists in Federally Recognized Tribes, peer professionals involved in farm bill education and crop insurance, and beginning farmers and ranchers across the South. These audiences were reached through a diverse range of media, including printed materials, workshops and seminars, national symposia, training sessions, one-on-one consultation an dpresentations at local, state, regional and national meetings. A series of Fact Sheets were also produced to communicate results of the Southern Risk Managemenr Education Center's ducational and programmatic outreach efforts. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? The project has been central in providing spreadsheet tool training, farm bill education and crop insurance education for AR farmers and poultry producers. Educating poultry producers on livestock insurance was an important component of farm bill and crop insurance education; most pAR poultry growers also produce cattle and are thereby impacted by the 2014 Farm Billl changes. Professional development and risk management education was delivered especially to native american youth through the tribal activities as well as to beginning farmers and ranchers. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Results have been primarily delivered through the Southern Risk Management Education Center website and SRMEC fact sheets. In addition, numerous press releases were developed by University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture and radio, television and newspaper interviews given by H,L. Goodwin. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Proceed with the current approach that has been so successful in previous years.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Th eprimary focus of this year with respect to project goals was focused on grower profitability and decision tools. Considerable time and effort has gone into recalibrating and redesigning the Interactive Poultry Income Spreadsheet to incorporate energy use and energy purchasing with respect to propane for heating and selection of which non-incandescent ligt source toinstall based upon energy use. The platform of the tool will continue to be Flash; the tool is being renamed for its 2015 launch to Broiler Economic Analysis Tool. Modelues for pullet production and breeder hens are also being added in full form. In addition, an analysis of utilizing AR Delta corn in AR poultry feedmills is nearing completion; expected release date is March, 2015. The value in this work is to contribute to feed costs savings while increasing the price received by corn farmers in AR, both of which add to economic development of AR, particularly in rural areas where corn production and poultry grow-out are predominant.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Armed to Farm: Developing training programs for military veterans in agriculture , Journal of Rural Social Sciences, October 2014
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Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13
Outputs
Target Audience: Target audiences for the project activities this year were poultry growers in Northwest Arkansas and Oklahoma, row crop producers in the Arkansas Delta, poultry integrators, beginning farmers and ranchers in Arkansas, poultry growers across Arkansas and municipalities in Northwest Arkansas were reached through delivery of printed materials and presentations to local, state and regional meetings. In addition, audiences included 20 Southern Region representatives of Experiment Stations and Extension Services to "Local Food Systems in the South" initiative and crop insurers, lenders, USDA agency personnel and research and extension professionals in the national conference and subsequent communications on Crop Insurance and the Farm Bill. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Continuing interaction with poultry growers and integrators as well as other farmers (through Farm Bureau, Farm Credit System and Poultry Partners) resulted in public presentations to various industry audiences regarding risks associated with economic and regulatory changes in agriculture and agricultural trade policies.In addition, a major activity was conclusion of the convening and conduct of producer risk colloquia. Numerous insights to direct future research were obtained from the in-depth, first-of-its-kind “bar camp” information sessions among emerging producer audiences. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Additional copies of IBIS continued to be subscribed to and the update of panel data for IBIS has commenced, involving panel information from 40 growers for the three IBIS components (broilers, breeders, pullets), and should be completed by May, 2014.This information has been compiled and is in various stages of release to diverse audiences of producers and policy makers, the first being a briefing to the Deputy Secretary of Agriculture Krysta Harden at the Agricultural Roundtable in Little Rock in November 2013. The final colloquium was held with Specialty Crop producers in conjunction with Southern Sustainable Agricultural Work Group in Little Rock, AR, January 23-24, 2013. Assessment of anecdotal and observed responses by veteran farmers resulting in extensive output from the Young and Beginning Farmers Grant with Donoghue, et al. had been completed. An initial draft of this research has been completed and in prepared for submission to USDA-ARS for publication. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Primary research accomplishments have occurred in three areas of emphasis: 1) Economic situation of poultry growers; 2) Issues facing the poultry industry, including extensive work on economic assessments and estimates of effects of extending tax exemptions to poultry growers for energy used in poultry production; 3) Economic assessments of goat production and 4) Assessment of educational and marketing programs for Veterans’ farm operation.Calculations utilizing state-obtained data and IBIS estimated sales tax savings of approximately $450 per house and $6 million statewide for producers.The multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional research team assembled in the organic control of barber pole worms in sheep and goats has produced data available for analysis regarding economic comparisons of traditional and alternative control methods for parasites in ovine species. An additional research activity was assessment of anecdotal and observed responses by veteran farmers resulting in extensive output from the Young and Beginning Farmers Grant with Donoghue, et al.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Goeringer, P., H. L. Goodwin Jr., M. Popp. 2013 The New Fuel Frontier: Biomass Contracting , Kentucky Journal of Equine, Agriculture, and Natural Resources Law, Mineral Law Center, University of Kentucky College of Law 5,1:96 pages.
Goeringer, L. Paul and H.L. Goodwin. 2013 An Overview of Arkansass Right-to-Farm Law , Journal of Food Law & Policy, 9,1(Spring):1-16.
Goodwin, H.L. Jr. Theme Overview: Developing Local Food Systems in the South , Choices, December, 2013.
Goodwin, H.L. Jr. Editor of the Choices issue Developing Local Food Systems in the South, Containing the following articles:
o Reynolds-Allie, Kenesha , Deacue Fields, and Ron Rainey. Risk Management Issues within Local Food Systems .
o Palma, Marco A., Kim Morgan, Tim Woods and Sean McCoy. Land Grant Universities Role in Consumer Demand for Local Foods .
o Woods, Timothy, Margarita Valendia, Rodney Holcomb, Rebecca Dunning and Eric Bendfeldt. Local Food Systems Markets and Supply Chains .
o Holcomb, Rodney B., Marco A. Palma, and Margarita M. Velandia. Food Safety Policies and Implications for Local Food Systems .
o Lamie, R. David, Rebecca Dunning, Eric Bendfeldt, Joanna Massey Lelekacs, Margarita Velandia and Lee Meyer. Local Food Systems: A Collaborative Approach to Assessment and Common Metrics .
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Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Primary research accomplishments have occurred in three areas of emphasis: 1) Economic situation of poultry growers; 2) Issues facing the poultry industry and 3) Impact of high feed costs and over production and plant viability. Continuing interaction with poultry growers and integrators as well as other farmers (through Farm Bureau, Farm Credit System and Poultry Partners) continue to result in public presentations to lenders, regulatory professionals and integrator personnel at several levels regarding risks associated with economic and regulatory changes in agriculture. New panel for default values within the Interactive Broiler Income Spreadsheet are under development and IBIS continues to be subscribed to by persons within and outside Arkansas. Educational and outreach materials for a young and beginning farmer project that includes poultry and livestock production were also developed and the courses are underway. In addition, a young and beginning farmer loan program through Farm Credit encouraging use of environmentally-based management practices to obtain concessionary loan fees and interest rates. PARTICIPANTS: H.L. Goodwin, Jr., is P.I./P.D. for the projects and utilized the following individuals for the project's activities: Sandra J. Martini, Meghan Ness, Susan Watkins, Amy West, Jessica House, Warren Carter, Mary Ahearn, Matt King, Bruce Tenecleve, Dan Donoghue, Ixchel Reyes, Paul Goeringer. Professional development opportunities for those working on the project included data management system development, data analysis processes, grant writing curriculum development and reporting and client interface. Collaborators included the Arkansas Energy Commission, Ozark Electric Cooperative, the National Poultry Health Laboratory, USDA-ARS, the Dale Bumpers Small Farm Research Center, the Agricultural Law Center at the University of Arkansas, the National Center for Appropriate Technology, Arkansas Farm Bureau and Poultry Partners, Arkansas Farm Bureau, Tyson Foods, George's, Farm Credit Services, Western Arkansas Farm Credit, Source Gas, USDA/NRCS and Arkansas Natural Resources Commission. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences for the project activities this year were poultry growers in Northwest Arkansas and Oklahoma, row crop producers in the Arkansas Delta, poultry integrators, beginning farmers and ranchers in Arkansas, poultry growers across Arkansas and municipalities in Northwest Arkansas were reached through delivery of printed materials and presentations to local, state and regional meetings. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
Numerous leading farmers in the Arkansas Delta experienced encouraging results from use of the baled poultry litter system developed by the Division of Agriculture, now commercialized by White River Fertilizers. In actual farm use by prominent Arkansas farmers, application of one ton per acre produced a 32% yield increase in average yield this year on 500 acres of cotton, using supplemental N to meet soil requirements. This farm will increase use to 3000 acres. A rice farm used 2 tons per acre on severely cut rice ground and obtained yields of 178 bushels per acre, 55% greater than expected. Numerous others have had similar results on other crops. The Northwest Arkansas Conservancy Authority is considering adopting the Poultry Litter/Dewatered Municipal Biosolids system developed by this research program, at their regional sewage treatment plant near Centerton. Successful implementation of the system at that site could allow in excess of 200,000 tons of PL/DMB to be moved from the nutrient-excess NWA region to nutrient-deficit row crop production areas in Eastern Arkansas and surrounding states.
Publications
- Goeringer, P., H.L. Goodwin Jr., M. Popp, "The New Fuel Frontier: Biomass contracting in Arkansas", Kentucky Journal of Equine, Agriculture, and natural Resources Law, forthcoming, 2013.
- Goeringer, L. Paul and H.L. Goodwin Jr., "An Overview of Arkansas's Right-to-farm Law", Journal of Food Law & Policy, forthcoming, 2013.
- B.D.Potter, J.A marcy, C.M. Owens, M.F. Slavik, H.L. Goodwin, and J.K. Apple, "Impact of Performance-Based Sanitation Systems on Microbiological Characteristics of Poultry Processing Equipment and Carcasses as Compared to Traditional Sanitation Systems", Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 21:669-678, September, 2012.
- Goodwin Jr., H.L. "Market Value of Poultry Litter in Times of Rising Fuel and Fertilizer", Shreveport, LA, October 23-24, 2012.
- Goodwin Jr., H.L., "2012 Southern Risk Management Education Center Update", Proceedings Southern Extension Committees Outlook Meetings, Atlanta, GA., September 24, 2012.
- Goodwin Jr., H.L., "Poultry Industry Outlook for 2013", Proceedings Southern Extension Committees Outlook Meetings, Atlanta, GA., September 24, 2012.
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Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Primary research accomplishments have occurred in three areas of emphasis: 1) Economic situation of poultry growers; 2) Issues facing the poultry industry and 3) Alternative lighting in broiler houses. A thesis assessing propane usage patterns and pricing analysis was completed in Summer 2011. This thesis analyzed data on historical propane usage on the Arkansas Broiler Research Farm during 1214 flocks (since its inception through November 2010) to determine what factors are most important in the farm's consumption of propane. Primary factors considered were: minimum and maximum temperature, type of house, number and timing of flock placement and pick-up, feed conversion, water consumption, total propane usage by flock, price of propane, and firm. The pricing data were then transformed into four scenarios to assess whether advanced contracting for propane was a money-saving strategy over the five-year period after housing renovation occurred. It was found that considerable savings would have been realized in three of the five years, and that over the five-year period, savings would have been realized with a propane purchasing plan that included purchase of all the years propane in July with actual deliveries occurring when inventories on-site reached 25 percent capacity. Continuing interaction with poultry growers and integrators as well as other farmers (through Farm Bureau, Farm Credit System and Poultry Partners) continue to result in public presentations to lenders, regulatory professionals and integrator personnel at several levels regarding risks associated with economic and regulatory changes in agriculture. New panel for default values within the Interactive Broiler Income Spreadsheet are under development and IBIS continues to be subscribed to by persons within and outside Arkansas. Field research for a new research initiative involving the Arkansas Energy Office on use of LED lighting in broiler grow-out houses as a cost-saving measure was completed in December; results are being prepared for analysis. Educational and outreach materials for a young and beginning farmer project that includes poultry and livestock production were also developed and the courses are underway. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PARTICIPANTS: PARTICIPANTS: H.L. Goodwin, Jr., is P.I./P.D. for the projects and utilized the following individuals for the two projects' activities: Sandra J. Martini, Meghan Ness, Susan Watkins, Joseph Lacy, Drew Wilson, Susan Sullivan, Dan Donoghue, Ixchel Reyes, Paul Goeringer. Professional development opportunities for those working on the project included data management system development, data analysis processes, grant writing curriculum development and reporting and client interface. Collaborators included the Arkansas Energy Commission, Ozark Electric Cooperative, White River Fertilizers, the National Poultry Health Laboratory, USDA-ARS, the Dale Bumpers Small Farm Research Center, the Agricultural Law Center at the University of Arkansas, the National Center for Appropriate Technology, Arkansas Farm Bureau and Poultry Partners. TARGET AUDIENCES: TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences for the project activities this year were poultry growers in Northwest Arkansas and Oklahoma, row crop producers in the Arkansas Delta, poultry integrators, beginning farmers and ranchers in NW Arkansas, poultry growers across NW Arkansas and municipalities in Northwest Arkansas were reached through delivery of printed materials and presentations to local, state and regional meetings. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report this year.
Impacts
Analysis of the propane expenses from utilizing a pre-purchase program resulted in a decrease in propane expenditures of $4350 including interest charges for using borrowed funds for propane purchases. This result was for 4-house farm. There are approximately 13,000 poultry houses in Arkansas. Analysis of the alternative poultry lighting trials is not yet complete, but initial estimates indicate considerable savings on electrical power used for lighting of up to 70 percent and a payoff period of the higher-priced LED lights of less than one-year, leaving 2 to 4 years of the reduced power costs as savings.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/10
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Primary research accomplishments have occurred in three areas of emphasis: 1) Economic situation of poultry growers; 2) Litter management; 3) Issues facing the poultry industry; and 4) Alternative lighting in broiler houses. Further development assistance on the recently commercialized Litter Baler was conducted focusing on the finalization of blending municipal biosolids with poultry litter. The final reporting of the USEPA project on blending dewatered municipal biosolids and poultry litter is currently underway. Continuing interaction with poultry growers and integrators as well as other farmers (through Farm Bureau, Farm Credit System and Poultry Partners) resulted in public presentations to lenders and regulatory professionals regarding risks associated with economic and regulatory changes in agriculture. Additional copies of IBIS continued to be subscribed to and maintenance of the database continues. A new research initiative involving the Arkansas Energy Office on use of LED lighting in broiler grow-out houses as a cost-saving measure is underway and results are anticipated to have a major impact on Arkansas growers.Interdisciplinary activities include cooperation on two USDA-ARS projects regarding pasture renovation and ammonia scrubbers. PARTICIPANTS: H.L. Goodwin, Jr., is P.I./P.D. for the project utilized the following individuals for project activities. Sandra J. Martini, Meghan Ness, Susan Watkins, Joseph Lacy, Drew Wilson, and Susan Sullivan. Professional development opportunities for those working on the project included data management system development, data analysis processes, grant writing and reporting and client interface. Collaborators included the Arkansas Energy Commission, Ozark Electric Cooperative, White River Fertilizers, the National Poultry Health Laboratory, USDA-ARS, the Dale Bumpers Small Farm Research Center, the Agricultural Law Center at the University of Arkansas, Arkansas Farm Bureau and Poultry Partners. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences for the project activities this year were poultry growers in Northwest Arkansas and oklahoma, row crop producers in the Arkansas Delta, poultry integrators, and municipalities in Northwest Arkansas were reached through delivery of printed materials and presentations to local, state and regional meetings. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
Poultry litter and dewatered municipal bio-solids were blended, compacted and wrapped in a gas semi-permeable plastic to test nutrient preservation and pathogen destruction capabilities of the baling system on the co-processed product (PL/DMB). The PL/DMB was seeded with 500,000 colony-forming units per gram of a non-pathogenic E. coli routinely used as an indicator to confirm reliability of food processing procedures. Extensive testing revealed low nitrogen loss from volatilization and elimination of E. coli indicators within 90 hours. The USEPA accepted the project report; verification as an approved method is on-going. Numerous leading farmers in the Arkansas Delta experienced encouraging results from use of the baled poultry litter system developed by the Division of Agriculture, now commercialized by White River Fertilizers. In actual farm use by prominent Arkansas farmers, application of one ton per acre produced a 32percent yield increase in average yield this year on 500 acres of cotton, using supplemental N to meet soil requirements. This farm will increase use to 3000 acres. A rice farm used 2 tons per acre on severely cut rice ground and obtained yields of 178 bushels per acre, 55 percent greater than expected; he will use litter for his third. Numerous others have experienced similar results on other crops. Dr. M. Mozaffari will undertake the third year of testing of baled, co-processed product (PL/DMB) this year; results to date indicate a soil enrichment program incorporating PL/DMB rather than total reliance on chemical fertilizers results in increased profitability. The Northwest Arkansas Conservancy Authority is considering adopting the PL/DMB system at their regional sewage treatment plant near Centerton. Successful implementation of the system at that site could allow in excess of 200,000 tons of PL/DMB to be moved from the nutrient-excess NWA region to nutrient-deficit row crop production areas in Eastern Arkansas and surrounding states.
Publications
- Goodwin Jr., H. L., Final Deliverable Report prepared for USDA/EPA Grant 7059, Utilization of Poultry Litter and Municipal Biosolids Produced in Northwest Arkansas for Crop Fertilization in Eastern Arkansas. September, 2010.L. Paul Goeringer, H.L. Goodwin, and Harrison M. Pittman. An Overview of the Clean Water Act, National Ag Law Center (Fall, 2010).L. Paul Goeringer, H.L. Goodwin, and Harrison M. Pittman. An Overview of Arkansas Leasing Laws, National Ag Law Center (Fall, 2010).L. Paul Goeringer, H.L. Goodwin, and Harrison M. Pittman. An Overview of Arkansas Right-to-Farm Law, National Ag Law Center (Fall, 2010).
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Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: OUTPUTS: Primary outputs were in three areas of emphasis: 1) Economic situation of poultry growers; 2) Litter management; 3) Issues facing the poultry industry. Interaction with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission, USDA-NRCS, the Poultry Federation and the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality is on-going. Continuing interaction with poultry growers and integrators as well as other farmers (through Farm Bureau, Farm Credit System and Poultry Partners) resulted in public presentations to lenders and regulatory professionals regarding risks associated with economic and regulatory changes in agriculture. Interdisciplinary activities include the HACCP Roundtable, Executive Board of the Southern Association of Agricultural Scientists, and cooperation on two USDA-ARS projects regarding pasture renovation and ammonia scrubbers. PARTICIPANTS: Poultry Partners, The Poultry Federation, Western Arkansas Farm Credit, Arkansas Farm Bureau, Intertribal Agricultural Council, Farm Foundation, Illinois River Watershed Partnership, Conservation Reserve Enhancement Projects in the Illinois River and Beaver Lake watersheds with Arkansas Natural Resources Commission, USEPA, Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality. TARGET AUDIENCES: Poultry producers and processors, poultry service technicians, row crop farmers, agricultural lenders, state and federal policy makers. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PARTICIPANTS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
A major outcome/impact was completion of research surrounbding the efficacy of co-processing of poultry litter and dewatered municipal bio-solids to meet ADEQ pathogen requirements for class A biosolids. This is a continuation od the commercialization process of the poultry litter baler, which was a product of several years of research activities related to litter management and water quality efforts. The final stages of the USEPA project on blending dewatered municipal biosolids and poultry litter are being undertaken, with final completion scheduled for March, 2010. Use of interactive software Interactive Broiler Income Spreadsheet on uark.edu to present economic and budget impacts on broiler, breeder and pullet producers of changes in input costs and output values (prices and quantities) in group meetings in NWA is helping growers navigate the tight economic time they are now facing. Additional outcomes were informational and educational in nature and were directed toward policy makers and the public and have fostered increased understanding of the poultry industry in general, in addition to development of a strategic plan for the Illinois River Watershed Partnership Board of Directors.
Publications
- Fortin, C.J., H.L. Goodwin, Jr., and M. Thompson. Consumer Attitudes Toward Freshness Indicators on Perishable Food Products in Northwest Arkansas, Journal of Food Distribution Research, Forthcoming 2010.
- McKenzie, A.M., H. L. Goodwin, Jr., R.I. Carreira.(2009)Alternative Model Selection Using Forecast Error Variance Decompositions in Wholesale Chicken Markets, Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 41,1(April 2009):227-240.
- Kemper, N. P., H. L. Goodwin, Jr.(2009)Feasibility and Production Costs of Composting Breeder and Pullet Litter with Eggshell Waste, Journal of Applied Poultry Research 18,2(Summer 2009):172-184.
- M. Mozaffari, N.A. Slaton, H.L. Goodwin, J. Long, N. Kemper, and C Herron. (2009)Evaluation of Urea and Baled Poultry Litter as Nutrient Sources for Cotton Production, AAES Research Series 558, 2009.
- A. Fanatico, H.L. Goodwin Jr. (2009)Consumer Perception of specialty Turkey: Free-range, Organic, and Heritage, Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting, Raleigh, NC July 20-23 2009.
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Progress 01/01/08 to 12/31/08
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Primary outputs were in three areas of emphasis: 1) Economic situation of poultry growers; 2) Litter management; 3) Issues facing the poultry industry. Interaction with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission, USDA-NRCS, the Poultry Federation and the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality is on-going. Continuing interaction with poultry growers and integrators as well as other
farmers (through Farm Bureau, Farm Credit System and Poultry Partners) resulted in public presentations to lenders and regulatory professionals regarding risks associated with economic and regulatory changes in agriculture. Additional copies of IBIS continued to be
subscribed to and maintenance of the database continues. Interdisciplinary activities include the HACCP Roundtable, Executive Board of the Southern Association of Agricultural Scientists, Coordinator of the Alternative Energy SAAS opening session and multi-disciplinary track sessions for the 2009 SAAS annual meetings, development of consumer panels and panel assessments for the Heritage turkey research project and cooperation on two USDA-ARS projects regarding pasture renovation and ammonia scrubbers. PARTICIPANTS: Poultry Partners, The Poultry Federation, Western Arkansas Farm Credit, Arkansas Farm Bureau, Intertribal Agricultural Council, Farm Foundation, Illinois River Watershed Partnership, Conservation Reserve Enhancement Projects in the Illinois River and Beaver Lake watersheds with Arkansas Natural Resources Commission, USEPA, Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality, Ozark Slow Foods. TARGET AUDIENCES:
Poultry producers and processors, poultry service technicians, row crop farmers, agricultural lenders, state and federal policy makers. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
A major outcome/impact was commercialization by a Northwest Arkansas firm of the poultry litter baler, which was a product of several
years of research activities related to litter management and water quality efforts. The final stages of the USEPA project on blending dewatered municipal biosolids and poultry litter are being undertaken, with final completion scheduled for May, 2009. The interactive software management tool LitterMart is ready for launch on the University of Arkansas website and will be useful in assisting both poultry growers and forage and crop producers to determine the best match for poultry litter transactions. Use of interactive software Interactive Broiler Income Spreadsheet on uark.edu to present economic and budget impacts on broiler, breeder and pullet producers of changes in input costs and output values (prices and quantities) in group meetings in NWA is helping growers navigate the tight economic time they are now facing. Additional outcomes were informational and educational in nature and were directed toward policy makers and the public and have fostered increased understanding of the poultry industry in general. These include development of the 2008 Poultry Informational Handbook, review and supplementation of the Impact of Agriculture on the Arkansas Economy, and development of a strategic plan for the Illinois River Watershed Partnership Board of Directors.
Publications
- Kemper N., H. L. Goodwin, Jr. Feasibility and Production Costs of Composting Breeder and Pullet Litter with Eggshell Waste, Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Forthcoming, February 2009.
- McKenzie, A. M., H. L. Goodwin, Jr., R.I. Carreira. Short-Run Price Responses in Wholesale Chicken Markets, Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Forthcoming, April 2009.
- Goodwin, H.L., Janie Hipp and Marty Matlock. International Workshop on Air Pollution and Law Encouraging Environmental Compliance Through Incentives and Regulation. Middle East Peace Process: Executive Summary. USDA and USEPA, Istanbul, Turkey. August 24 through 27, 2008. Peer reviewed.
- M. Mozaffari, N.A. Slaton, H.L. Goodwin, J. Long, N. Kemper, and C. Herron. Evaluation of Urea and Baled Poultry Litter as Nutrient Sources for Cotton Production, Research Series 558: Wayne E. Sabbe Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies. Pages 29 through 31, April 2008. Peer reviewed.
- Denton, J.H., F. Jones, H.L. Goodwin, Jr. Evolution of the Worldwide Chicken Broiler Market, Venezuelan Poultry Congress, Poultry Business Section, Maracaibo, Venezuela, May 21 through 23, 2008.
- Kemper N., H. L. Goodwin Jr., M. Morteza. The Nitrogen Fertilizer Value of Baled Broiler Litter for Cotton Production in the Arkansas Delta, Presented at the Southern Agriculture Economics Association Meetings, Dallas TX, February 2 through 6, 2008. abstract.
- Fortin, C., H. L. Goodwin Jr. Valuation of TempTime Fresh-Check Indicator on Perishable Food Products in Belgium, Presented at the Southern Agriculture Economics Association Meetings, Dallas TX, February 2 through 6, 2008. abstract.
- Hamm S.J., H. L. Goodwin Jr., A. Mckenzie. A Comparative Assessment of the Broiler Corn Ratio and Its Impact on Broiler Processors Profitability, Presented at the Southern Agriculture Economics Association Meetings, Dallas TX, February 2 through 6, 2008. abstract.
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Progress 01/01/07 to 12/31/07
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Primary research accomplishments have occurred in three areas of emphasis: 1) Economic situation of poultry growers; 2) Litter management; 3) Issues facing the poultry industry. I was chairman of the Food Safety and Animal Health committee for the Farm Foundation effort and participated as a reviewer and steering member for the overall effort. A major accomplishment was completion of an assessment of the Ozark Litter Bank, culminating research and extension efforts over the past five years. The on-going project with the NRCS has resulted in over 70,000 tons of poultry litter being transported out of nutrient-surplus watersheds. This year, efforts in Litter Management have focused on developing projects to quantify field-level difference in yields for crops fertilized with poultry litter (wheat, soybeans and cotton experiments were conducted. Humified compost was developed utilizing poultry litter and waste organic matter and is being assessed by golf course managers. The
interactive software management tool LitterMart is ready for launch on the University website. Interaction with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission, USDA-NRCS, the Poultry Federation and the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality is on-going. Continuing interaction with poultry growers and integrators as well as other farmers (through Farm Bureau, Farm Credit System and Poultry Partners) resulted in public presentations to lenders and regulatory professionals regarding risks associated with economic and regulatory changes in agriculture. In addition, numerous copies (40+) of the Interactive Broiler Income Spreadsheet (for broiler, breeder hen and pullet producers) have been subscribed to and are in use at this time, thanks to cooperation of poultry partners and Winrock International. Additionally, presentations were made to national sessions of American Farm Bureau on contracting in agriculture, its importance, predominance, functionality and potential externalities.
PARTICIPANTS: Individuals - Nathan Kemper, Research Specialist; Sandra Hamm, Research Specialist;Jim Smartt, Programming analyst. Partner Organizations - Poultry Partners; Winrock International; Poultry Federation; Arkansas Farm Bureau; American Farm Bureau; Farm Foundation; National Chicken Council, Council for Agricultural and Resource Economics; Mammoth Corporation; AgRecycle; Mississippi State University; Washington County Arkansas; City of Springdale Arkansas. Collaborators - Drs. Frank Jones, Keith Bramwell, Susan Watkins, Dustan Clark, Bruce Ahrendsen, Jennie Popp, Andrew McKenzie, Mike Thomsen, Nathan Slaton, Morteza Mozafarri, all from the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. Training or professional development - M.S. students Keith Smith, Andrew Armstrong, Corey Fortin, Alan Bacho; undergraduate students Kelly Pyle, Sarah Knox, Cody Wilson, Amalie Kennedy.
TARGET AUDIENCES: Poultry industry participants include, but are not limited to; producers regardless of age, gender or ethnicity; industry professionals of private and publicly-held firms; research and extension personnel; governmental regulatory agencies and local, state and federal policymakers.
PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: No changes planned.
Impacts
Poultry production in Arkansas and the surrounding Ozark Plateau is undergoing fundamental change. Although technology and production economics are moving the industry toward fewer and larger production units, the predominance of operations with four or fewer poultry houses managed by part-time family farmers remains. Concerns about environmental quality, animal disease, energy costs, technological upgrades and returns to investment are combining to add economic pressures to many producers' list of concerns. Domestic poultry processors are also facing a wide array of pressures such as rising feed and energy costs, all of which may restrict their capacity increase grower pay. There is growing concern that some segments of the industry may move off shore to reduce costs and improve competitiveness. In addition, the consolidation of the industry has left many rural communities with few sustainable or viable options for maintaining their farming heritage. Other communities
have experienced rapid expansion of the industry with associated social pressures. The direct impact of the poultry industry in AR is substantial. In terms of labor income, poultry production and processing accounted for $1.5 B in 2003; 44,960 jobs were attributable to these activities and $2.7 B in value-added were contributed to the State's economy by them. There are approximately 6,000 poultry farms in AR operating around 15,000 houses. Planning and decisionmaking guides are particularly important now as propane approaches $2 per gallon and other energy costs escalate at alarming rates.
Publications
- Carreira, R. I., K.B. Young, H.L. Goodwin, Jr., and E.J. Wailes, How Far Can Poultry Litter Go: A New Technology for Litter Transport. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 39, 3(December 2007):611-623.
- Goodwin, Jr., H. L., Are We Living in Our Sweet Spot: Land-Grant Institutions and Land-Grant Professionals - Past, Present, and Future, Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 39, 2(August 2007):244-252.
- Brown, Scott, Daniel Madison, H. L. Goodwin, and F. Dustan Clark, The Potential Effects on United States Agriculture of an Avian Influenza Outbreak, Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 39, 2(August 2007):335-343.
- Kemper N., H. L. Goodwin, Jr., Feasibility and Production Costs of Composting Breeder and Pullet Litter with Eggshell Waste, Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Forthcoming, submitted October 2007.
- Goodwin Jr., H. L., Nathan Kemper, Poultry Litter Baling to Facilitate Transportation and Storage presentation, Manure-To-Energy Workshop, Southern Region Water Quality Conference, September 14, 2007.
- Goodwin H. L. Jr., A.C. McKenzie, S.J. Hamm, The Broiler Corn Ratio: Is it an Indicator of Fattened Broiler Profits, Selected Paper for presentation at the American Agriculture Economics Association Annual Meeting, Portland OR., July 29- August 1, 2007.
- Kemper, N. P., H. L. Goodwin, Jr., S.J. Hamm, Feasibility and Production Costs of Composting Breeder and Pullet Litter with Eggshell Waste, Selected poster prepared for presentation at the American Agriculture Economics Association Annual Meeting, Portland OR., July 29-August 1, 2007.
- Kemper N., H. L. Goodwin, Jr., S. J. Hamm, The Economic Potential of Composting Breeder and Pullet Litter with Eggshell Waste, Selected paper for presentation at the Southern Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting, Mobile, AL., February 4-7, 2007.
- Armstrong A. C., H. L. Goodwin, Jr. S. J. Hamm, Co-Processed Poultry Litter and De-Watered Municipal Biosolids: Feasibility as an Alternative Management Approach for Surplus Poultry Litter, Selected paper for presentation at the Southern Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting, Mobile, AL, February 4-7, 2007.
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Progress 01/01/06 to 12/31/06
Outputs
Land Grant universities, governmental agencies, industry groups and non-profit organizations have all undertaken major efforts to study and explain some facets of this changing industry. However, no organization has compiled a neutral, comprehensive assessment of the future of animal agriculture in North America. Farm Foundation provided the leadership and framework for the stakeholders to review research, examine the pressures and challenges and explore the economic, structural and policy alternatives facing the industry. Consequences of key private and public policy decisions are outlined in an eight part document to be presented to policymakers in Canada, the U.S. and Mexico in Spring, 2006. The broad areas covered are: Economics and coordination of animal production, processing and marketing; Environmental issues; Animal health and food safety; Animal welfare; Consumer demands; Labor and community issues and Global competitiveness and trade. I was chairman of the
Food Safety and Animal Health committee for the Farm Foundation effort and participated as a reviewer and steering member for the overall effort. A major accomplishment was completion of an assessment of the Ozark Litter Bank, culminating research and extension efforts over the past five years. The on-going project with the NRCS has resulted in over 40,000 tons of poultry litter being transported out of nutrient-surplus watersheds. This year, efforts in Litter Management have focused on developing projects to quantify field-level difference in yields for crops fertilized with poultry litter (wheat is already planted and cotton and soybeans are slated for Spring 2007 planting). Humified compost has been developed utilizing discarded hay, breeder and pullet litter and eggshell wastes. The interactive software management tool LitterMart is within one month of its launch at the Arkansas Farm Bureau meetings in mid-January. Extensive interaction with the Arkansas Natural Resources
Commission, USDA-NRCS, the Poultry Federation and the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality is on-going. Additional funding to implement shipment of litter through the pilot Ozark Litter Bank was obtained. Continuing interaction with poultry growers and integrators as well as other farmers (through Farm Bureau, Farm Credit System and Poultry Partners) resulted in public presentations to lenders and regulatory professionals regarding risks associated with economic and regulatory changes in agriculture.
Impacts
Authorship of the Food Safety and Animal Health section and leadership in and Environmental section of the report, as well as in-depth assessment and input in the remaining sections, should ensure Arkansas interests are well represented in the final document and will provide a high-profile opportunity to showcase Division of Agriculture expertise nationally and internationally. Over the past two years, very significant progress has occurred in addressing the issue of surplus nutrients in watersheds that elevate nutrient runoff to surface waters. Over 90,000 tons of poultry litter has been removed from nutrient-surplus watersheds. Optimal location for a litter transport station, referred to as a poultry litter bank has been identified in two spots in nutrient-surplus watersheds. Additionally, the past two years funding has been for the development of composted litter products, litter-biosolids products, market structure and trading software for litter exchange, and,
importantly, a poultry litter baler. The baler compacts litter and wraps it in plastic for shipment and storage outside surplus areas to cropping areas. This helps eliminate odors and flies objectionable to buyers. Statistically designed cropping experiments to help establish the value of poultry litter as a soil amendment used in wheat, cotton and soybean production are in the first year, being planted in three locations each for a scheduled two-year verification study followed by a one-year commercial field trials.
Publications
- Goodwin, Jr., H.L., F. D. Clark, D. Thilmany, S. J. Hamm, Policies to Protect Food Safety and Animal Health. Choices, 3rd quarter 2006, 21(3).
- Kemper, Nathan P., Jennie S. Popp, H.L. Goodwin, Jr., Wayne P. Miller and Gerald A. Doeksen. The (Economic) Power of Poultry in the Ozarks. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 15(4): 502-510 2006.
- Willett, Keith, David Mitchell, H.L. Goodwin, Jr., Baxter Vieux and J.H. Popp. The Opportunity Cost of Regulating Phosphorus from Broiler Production in the Illinois River Basin. Journal of Environmental Management, March, 2006, vol. 49(2)06.
- Young, K.B., R.I. Carreira, H.L. Goodwin, and E.J. Wailes. How Far Can Poultry Litter Go: Cost Efficiency of New Technologies to Transport Litter to Fertilizer Distant Crops. Forthcoming. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 2007.
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Progress 01/01/05 to 12/31/05
Outputs
Poultry production and processing has been a primary source of economic growth and stability in Arkansas over the past several decades. The by-product of this increased and more concentrated production is poultry litter, valued by cattle and forage producers as a prime soil amendment that has enabled farm income to increase. Litter was applied to meet nitrogen needs of plants according to USDA recommendations, but years of land application of litter have raised soil phosphorus levels and may result in excess nutrients being transported to surface water in runoff. Transportation of excess nutrients to deficit areas is desirable. Estimates of total annual litter production in the key watersheds were made and initial amounts of poultry litter designated for export were established as targets. Costs of transporting litter to destinations in row crop areas of AR, MO and OK were estimated for raw, pelleted and baled poultry litter. At current market prices for chemical
fertilizer, varying levels of transportation subsidies are necessary for OPLB to break even if the current market price for litter prevails. Current market prices for litter are substantially below the intrinsic (nutrient) value of litter. If the intrinsic litter value is paid, OPLB will operate at profitable levels. Baled litter was most feasible because it overcomes many of the row crop farmer objections of utilizing raw litter. Animal agriculture in Arkansas, the U.S. and North America is undergoing fundamental change. Technology and production economics are moving the industry toward fewer and larger production units. Concerns about environmental quality are pressuring the industry to find new ways to manage waste. Animal disease and other food safety concerns are forcing the industry to develop better linkages and ways to trace animal products from the farm to the plate. Open markets are being replaced by contracts and other ways to convey critical information through the food
chain. There is growing concern that some segments of the industry may move off shore to reduce costs. This change is not limited to any particular size or type of livestock operation, nor is it limited to the farm. Every facet of the animal food chain from genetics to the retailer and food service outlet is trying to adjust to the rapid pace of change. Land Grant universities, governmental agencies, industry groups and non-profit organizations have all undertaken major efforts to study and explain some facets of this changing industry. However, no organization has compiled a neutral, comprehensive assessment of the future of animal agriculture in North America. Consequences of key private and public policy decisions are outlined in an eight part document to be presented to policymakers in Canada, the U.S. and Mexico in Spring, 2006. The broad areas covered are: Economics and coordination of animal production, processing and marketing; Environmental issues; Animal health and food
safety; Animal welfare; Consumer demands; Labor and community issues and Global competitiveness and trade.
Impacts
The total impact of animal agriculture in AR is substantial. In terms of labor income, animal production and processing accounted for $2.7 B in 2001; 111,548 jobs were attributable to these activities and $4.1 B in value-added were contributed to the State economy by them. The total impact of poultry on the Arkansas economy in 2001 was estimated to be $2.8B. The vital importance of the poultry industry agriculture to the Arkansas economy cannot be discounted. Given the recent litigation filed against the industry by the State of Oklahoma, industry participants have further highlighted their efforts to continually manage the agricultural environment in a responsible manner. Litter marketing and acquisition efforts were funded under an USEPA section 319 grant whose results have directed coordination with BMPs Inc., a non-profit corporation established for the purpose of putting into practice alternative litter management options. Results are highlighted to assist
governmental and industry personnel and policymakers in deciding upon and pursuing appropriate and positive courses of action that directly and indirectly affect the agricultural and rural communities of Arkansas.
Publications
- Willett, Keith, David Mitchell, H.L. Goodwin, Jr., Baxter Vieux and J.H. Popp. The Opportunity Cost of Regulating Phosphorus from Broiler Production in the Illinois River Basin, Journal of Environmental Management. Forthcoming, March, 2006, volume 49(2)06.
- Goodwin, Jr., H.L. Location of Production and Consolidation in the Processing Industry: The Case of Poultry. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 37(2, August 2005):339-346.
- Goodwin, Jr., H.L., B.L. Ahrendsen, T.L. Barton and J.H. Denton. Estimated Returns for Contract Grower Production in Arkansas: Historic and Future Perspectives. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 14(2005):106-115.
- Tan, Reynold. Technology Structure of the U.S. Live Broiler Production: An Empirical Analysis Using the Non-homothetic Translog Cost Function. M.S. Thesis, University of Arkansas, May, 2005.
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