Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/14
Outputs
Target Audience: Agricultural producers, state and county extension personnel, state regulators and the general public Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? This project has provided training to two graduate students. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? During the project the results of the work conducted has been presented at professional meetings, state and regional grower meetings and a website maintained at Rutgers University. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Objective 1) Conduct a nationwide survey for the presence of H. halys (BMSB) During each year of this project we conducted a national and now international surveyfor BMSB. This was done using a website based at Rutgers University that not only educated the public about the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB) but allowed users to report a sighting. When a report was entered the system generated an email that undergraduate students used to enter data in a sightings database, add GPS coordinates to the data and generate an email to reporters asking then to send a picture or actual sample to us for verification. To date, the website has received over 10,000 individual reports. These data have been used to follow and map BMSB's spread throughout the US. To date, BMSB has been detected in over 42 states, and in Canada andEurope. In the US, BMSB continues to cause severe agricultural damage in mid-Atlantic States and is an increasing threat in an additional 5 eastern states and three western states. Objective 2) Evaluate the origin and distribution of BMSB in the United States using an analysis of BMSB DNA This objective was completed by collecting adult BMSB from various locations through the US, China, Korea and Japan. DNA was extracted from the samples and was analyzed to determine similarities/differences between populations using the CO2 mitochondrial region. This analysis showed that as of 2008, all US populations were the result of a single introduction of at least 18 individuals into Allentown, PA. Comparison of these data to Asian populations suggest that the introduction originated in the Beijing area of China. Objective 3) Determine the most appropriate monitoring system for evaluating BMSB populations in agricultural and landscape systems During this project, four sampling methods were evaluated: black light traps, visual counts, beat sampling and the use of pheromone traps. This evaluation revealed that beat sheet counts were the least effective and resulted in yield reductions do to the procedure knocking fruit off trees. Black light traps were shown to be an effective monitoring tool at the farm level and can be used to monitor the spread of BMSB at the state level. Visual counts were shown to be an effective way to monitor BMSB population in several crops including peaches, apples and peppers. This effectiveness did not apply to tomatoes. Early in the project, the use of pheromone traps baited with the aggregation pheromone of another Asian stink bug species was shown to be a valuable monitoring tool but only late in the season. Since then, USDA researchers have identified BMSB's aggregation pheromone. This project participated in a multistatefield testof this material over a two year period. These data show that it is attractive to BMSB adults and nymphs throughout the season. It is expected that it will be available for use from commercial sources this spring. Objective 4) Determine the importance of BMSB to mid-Atlantic tree fruit and soybean growers During this project, the importance of BMSB as a pest of tree fruit and soybeans was documented. The project has also shown that it continues to be a problem even though growers have instituted management programs. Objective 5) Develop strategies to manage BMSB in New Jersey agricultural and landscape systems. The work done by this project has resulted in the adoption of management practices by agricultural producers. Unfortunately these practices rely solely on the use of pesticides, many of which are detrimental to natural enemies of other potential pest species. The situation has already resulted in secondary pests such as European red mites and San Jose scale developingdamaging populations on farms causing the use of more pesticides. The project has been working on alternative management methods, however, none have reached a point where they can be implemented by growers.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Cambridge, J. and G.C. Hamilton. 2014. Patterns and predictions for visual sampling of the brown marmorated stink bug. Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting. Portland, OR
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Cambridge, J. and G.C. Hamilton. 2014. Standardization of visual sampling techniques for Halyomorpha halys in New Jersey peaches. Eastern Branch - Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting. Williamsburg, VA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Hahn, N., A. Kaufman and G.C. Hamilton. 2014. Using citizen science to track the spread of brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys). Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting. Portland, OR.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Hahn, N., G.C. Hamilton and C. Rodriguez-Saona. 2014. Landscape features associated with brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys) clustering in peach orchards. Eastern Branch - Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting. Williamsburg, VA.
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Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14
Outputs
Target Audience: Agricultural producers, state and county extension personnel, state regulators and the general public Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? This project provided training to two graduate students. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Duringthis yearthe results of the work conductedwas presented at professional meetings, state and regional grower meetings and a website maintained at Rutgers University. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Objective 1) Conduct a nationwide survey for the presence of H. halys (BMSB). During the last year of this project we continued to conduct a national/international survey for BMSB. This was done using a website based at Rutgers University that not only educated the public about the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB) but allowed users to report a sighting. When a report was entered, the system generated an email that undergraduate students used to enter data in a sightings database, add GPS coordinates to the data and generate an email to reporters asking then to send a picture or actual sample to us for verification. To date, the website has received over 10,000 individual reports. These data have been used to follow and map BMSB's spread throughout the US. To date, BMSB has been detected in over 42 states, and in Canada and Europe. In the US, BMSB continues to cause severe agricultural damage in mid-Atlantic States and is an increasing threat in an additional 5 eastern states and three western states. Objective 3) Determine the most appropriate monitoring system for evaluating BMSB populations in agricultural and landscape systems During the last year, the project evaluated the use of pheromone traps baited with the recently USDA identified BMSB's aggregation pheromone. This project participated in a multistate field test of this material over a two-year period. These data show that it is attractive to BMSB adults and nymphs throughout the season. It is expected that it will be available for use from commercial sources this spring.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
CABI, 2014. Halyomorpha halys (brown marmorated stink bug [original text by Leskey TC, GC Hamilton, D Biddinger, ML Buffington, C Dieckhoff, GP Dively, H Fraser, T Gariepy, C Hedstrom, DA Herbert, KA Hoelmer, CRR Hooks, D Inkley, G Krawczyk, TP Kuhar, DH Lee, AL Nielsen, DG Pfeiffer, C Rodriguez-Saona, PW. Shearer, E Talamas, E Tomasino, J Tooker, PD Venugopal, J Whalen, V Walton, N Wiman] In: Invasive Species Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/isc.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Rice, K.B., C.J. Bergh, E.J. Bergmann, D.J. Biddinger, C. Dieckhoff, G. Dively, H. Fraser, T. Gariepy, G. Hamilton, T. Haye, A. Herbert, K. Hoelmer, C.R. Hooks, A. Jones, G. Krawczyk, T. Kuhar, H. Martinson, W. Mitchell, A.L. Nielsen, D.G. Pfeiffer, M.J. Raupp, C. Rodriguez-Saona, P. Shearer, P. Shrewsbury, P.D. Venugopal, J. Whalen, N.G. Wiman, T.C. Leskey, and J.F. Tooker. 2014. Biology, Ecology, and Management of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera:Pentatomidae). J. Integ. Pest Mngmt. 5(3): 1-13; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/IPM14002
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Wallner AM, Hamilton GC, Nielsen AL, Hahn N, Green EJ, Rodriguez-Saona C. 2014. Landscape Factors Facilitating the Invasive Dynamics and Distribution of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), after Arrival in the United States. PLoS ONE 9(5): e95691. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0095691.
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Progress 10/01/12 to 09/30/13
Outputs
Target Audience: Growers, state and county Extension personnel, industry representatives, Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? The results obtained durng 2013 were presented at grower meetings in New Jersey, and at regional, national and international venues. The results were also distributed to growers via the NJAES Plant Pest Advisory blog. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Objective 1 - The reporting system will be continued during the upcoming year. Objective 2- This objective has been completed, however, the data was used as the basis for a grant submitted to USDA AFRI to collect additional US and Chinese specimens to further refine our investigations into the origin of the US introduction and develop baseline data regarding insecticide resistance in China and the US. Objective3 -Studies evaluating time of day and movement within peach orchards and with surrounding landscapeswill be continued during the next year. Additional studies todetermine the best way to use the newpheromone will be initiated.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Objective 1 - Conduct a nationwide survey for the presence of H. halys(BMSB): During FY13 the national survey, begun in 2004, to follow the spread of BMSB throughout the United states was continued. Currently the survey has reports from over 40 states and the District of Columbia. During the last year, the reporting website was linked to the STOPBMSB.ORG website. Data collected from the site(s)has been joined with data collected by Pennsylvania State University and bugwood.org. This is allowing us to begin conducting analysis of its spread. Objective 2 - Evaluate the origin and distribution of H. halys in the United States using an analysis of Halyomorpha halys (BMSB)DNA: This analysis has been competed and published. It revealed that BMSB's introduction most likely occurredas a single introduction of up to 18 individuals from the Beijing China areaand that the introduction served as the source for all other populations in the US (based on data collected as of 2008). Objective 3 - Determine the most appropriate monitoring system for evaluating H. halys populations in agricultural and landscape systems: Studies evaluating the efficacy of a new BMSB pheromone discovered by USDA ARS were conducted. These studies showed that the pheromone was highly attractive to juvenile BMSB and, unlike the previously tested Plautia stali aggregation pheromone, was attractive to adults throughout the summer. Studies were also conducted to examine the impact of time of sampling on sampling efficiency and to evaluate the movement of BMSB within peach orchards and with surrounding landscapes. Objective 4 - Determine the importance of H. halys to mid-Atlantic tree fruit and soybean growers: Nothing to report. Objective 5 - Develop strategies to manage H. halys in agricultural and landscape systems: Nothing to report.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Nielsen, A.L, K. Holmstrom, G.C. Hamilton, J. Cambridge and J. Ingerson-Mahar. 2013. Use of black light traps to monitor the abundance and spread of the brown marmorated stink bug. Journal of Economic Entomology 106(3): 1495-1502.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Xu, J., D.M. Fonseca, G.C. Hamilton, K.A. Hoelmer, and A.L. Nielsen. 2013. Tracing the origin of US brown marmorated stink bugs, Halyomorpha halys. Biological Invasions. DOI 10.1007/s10530-013-0510-3
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Progress 10/01/11 to 09/30/12
Outputs
OUTPUTS: During FY12, several studies were conducted. The first involved a study examining the use of a new aggregation pheromone to monitor BMSB population in peaches. The second involved the second year of a study evaluating different BMSB monitoring tools (visual counts, beat counts and blacklight traps) in peaches. The third project, involved the first year of a study evaluating beat sheet monitoring in field grown nursery trees. This project will be continued in FY2013. The fourth project involved monitoring statewide populations using blacklight traps. This project will be continued in FY2013. The final project involved evaluating the spread of this insect in the United States for a seventh year. This project will be continued in FY2013. PARTICIPANTS: George Hamilton, Department of Entomology, Rutgers University - PI involved in all aspects of the studies reported. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences include tree fruit growers, vegetable growers and the general public. Efforts included talks at grower meetings, maintenance of a website dedicated to this project, distribution of fact sheets, interviews with press personnel and phone contacts with the general public. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
The results generated in previous years continue to be used to formulate control recommendations for growers and the general public. These recommendations are being evaluated by other mid-Atlantic states. The study examining the use of a new aggregation pheromone to monitor BMSB population in peaches showed promising results. Results indicated that the new pheromone could be used to monitor both early and late season population levels. The second year of a study evaluating different BMSB monitoring tools (visual counts, beat counts and blacklight traps) in peaches showed each year that beat sheet sampling was better at tracking low level populations (early season) and that visual samples were more accurate during mid to late season when population levels were higher. The third project, involving evaluation of beat sheets monitoring of field grown nursery trees showed that beating was an accurate way to monitor populations. This technique was able to detect population differences between tree species at both low and high population levels. It can also be used to track BMSB phenology on different trees. The statewide blacklight trapping project is producing information that is used to create weekly geo-referenced maps that indicate BMSB population pressure experienced in different parts of the state. These maps are distributed to growers and the general public via websites, newsletters and a BSMB Iphone APP. The final project, following the spread of this insect in the United States using a web-based reporting system, was continued for seventh year. An Iphone APP was also created that allows people to make reports using their Iphone, Ipad or Itouch. These vehicles allowed us to obtain new states reports from two additional states. This system has now documented the occurrence or detection of BMSB in 39 states, the District of Columbia and Ontario Canada. A national Brown Marmorated Stink bug working group, funded via a grant from the NE IPM Center, was continued. Additional funding for 2013 has been requested.
Publications
- Kuhar, T. P., Kamminga, K. L., Whalen, J., Dively, G. P., Brust, G., Hooks, C. R. R., Hamilton, G., and Herbert, D. A. 2012. The pest potential of brown marmorated stink bug on vegetable crops. Online. Plant Health Progress doi: 10.1094/PHP-2012-0523-01-BR.
- Leskey, T.C., G.C. Hamilton, A.L. Nielsen, D.F.Polk, C.Rodriguez-Saona, J.C. Bergh, D.A. Herbert, T.P. Kuhar, D.P., G.P. Dively, R.R.C. Hooks, M.J. Raupp, P.M. Shrewsbury, G. Krawczyk, P.W. Shearer, J. Whalen, C. Koplinka-Loehr, E. Myers, D. Inkley, K.A. Hoelmer, D. Lee, and S.E. Wright. 2012. Pest Status of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in the USA. Outlooks on Pest Management 23: 218-226.
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Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: During 2011, several studies were conducted. The first involved examining the use of different sampling techniques (visual inspection, beat sampling and pheromone traps) to monitor BMSB populations in peppers, peaches and apples. This work was reported on at the December 2011 meeting of the BMSB Working Group. The second study involved evaluating parasitism of Halyomorpha eggs by native parasitoids in peppers. A third project evaluating the spread of this insect in the United States was continued for a seventh year and will continue. This work was reported on at the annual meeting of the Entomological Society of America in November 2011. These studies will be repeated in 2012. Several studies evaluating the field efficacy of labeled and unlabeled insecticides against BMSB were also conducted. These studies showed that effective insecticides are available to manage BMSB in peaches and apples. Previous work involving trap efficacy in soybeans and screens to evaluate the efficacy of fungal pathogens against BMSB were published. PARTICIPANTS: George Hamilton, Department of Entomology, Rutgers University - PI involved in all aspects of the studies reported. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences include tree fruit growers, vegetable growers and the general public. Efforts included talks at grower meetings, maintenance of a website dedicated to this project, distribution of fact sheets, interviews with press personnel and phone/email contacts with the general public. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
The results generated have been used to formulate control recommendations for growers and the general public. These recommendations are now being used by other mid-Atlantic states. The trapping study results are being used to develop monitoring schemes for farmers and may allow the use of this technology to control Halyomorpha populations on commercial and private properties. A mid-Atlantic Brown Marmorated Stink bug working group was created in 2010 and was funded for second year via a grant from the NE IPM Center in 1011. Additional funding for 2012 has been requested. Data generated by this project was used to obtain grant funds from the USDA Regional IPM grant program and the USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative grant program.
Publications
- Gouli, V., S. Gouli, M. Skinner, G. Hamilton, J.S. Kim and B.L. Parker. 2012. Virulence of Select Entomopathogenic Fungi to the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stal), (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae. Pest Management Science. DOI10.1002/ps.2310
- Nielsen, A.L., G.C. Hamilton and P.W. Shearer. 2011. Seasonal phenology and monitoring of the non-native Halyomorpha halys (Stal) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in soybean. Environmental Entomology 40: 231-238.
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Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/10
Outputs
OUTPUTS: During FY11, several studies were conducted. The first involved the 3rd year of a study examining the use of different monitoring traps designs for potential use by homeowners as control measures. The work completed in year 2 was reported on at the 2010 Entomological Society of America - Eastern Branch meeting. The second study involved a thrid year evaluating parasitism of Halyomorpha eggs by native parasitoids in NJ and DE. During 2010, additional host plants were evaluated. This work is ongoing. A third project evaluating the spread of this insect in the United states was continued for a sixth year and will continue. The first year of a study evaluating the use of mass trapping as a management tactic for homeowners was conducted. This will be repeated in 2011. Previous work involving trap efficacy in ornamentals and soybeans have either been published or will be submitted for publications shortly. PARTICIPANTS: George Hamilton, Department of Entomology, Rutgers University - PI involved in all aspects of the studies reported. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences include tree fruit growers, vegetable growers and the general public. Efforts included talks at grower meetings, maintenance of a website dedicated to this project, distribution of fact sheets, interviews with press personnel and phone contacts with the general public. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
The results generated in previous years has been used to formulate control recommendations for growers and the general public. These recommendations are now being evaluated for use by other mid-Atlantic states. The trapping study results are being used to develop monitoring schemes for farmers and may allow the use of this technology to control halyomorpha populations on commercial and private properties. A mid-Atlantic Brown Marmorated Stink bug working group was created and was funded via a grant from from the NE IPM Center. Additional funding for 2011 has been requested.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: During FY09, several studies were conducted. The first involved the 2nd year of a study examining the use of different monitoring traps designs for potential use by homeowners as control measures. The work will be reported on at the annual Entomological Society of America - Eastern Branch meeting in March of 2010 and is being written up for publication. The second study involved a second year evaluating parasitism of Halyomorpha eggs by native parasitoids in NJ and DE. During 2009, additional host plants were evaluated. This work is ongoing. A third project evaluating the spread of this insect in the United states was continued for a fifth year and will continue. Previous work involving trap efficay in ornamentals and soybeans, damage assesments in tree fruit and life history information have either been published or will be submitted for publications shortly. PARTICIPANTS: George Hamilton, Department of Entomology, Rutgers University - PI involved in all aspects of the studies reported. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences include tree fruit growers, vegetable growers and the general public. Efforts included talks at grower meetings, maintenance of a website dedicated to this project, distribution of fact sheets, interviews with press personnel and phone contacts with the general public. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
The results generated in previous years has been used to formulate control recommendations for growers and the general public. These recommendations are now being evaluated for use by other mid-Atlantic states. The trapping study results are being used to develop monitoring schemes for farmers and may allow the use of this technology to control halyomorpha populations on commercial and private properties.
Publications
- Hamilton, G.C. 2009. Brown Marmorated Stink Bug. American Entomologist 55: 19-20.
- Nielsen, A.L., and G.C. Hamilton. 2009. Seasonal Occurrence and Impact of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in tree fruit. Economic Entomology 102: 1133-1140.
- Nielsen, A.L. and G.C. Hamilton. 2009. Life-History of the Invasive Species Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in the Northeastern United States. Annuals of the Entomological Society of America 102: 608-616.
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Progress 01/01/08 to 12/31/08
Outputs
OUTPUTS: During FY08, several studies were conducted. The first involved the first year of a study examining the use of different monitoring traps designs for potential use by homeowners as control measures. The second study examined the use of pheromone traps as a mass trapping device in commercial office complexex. The third study involved evaluating parasitism of Halyomorpha eggs by native parasitoids in NJ and DE. The work was reported on at the annual Entomological Society of America meeting in November and is being written up for publication. Previous work involving trap efficay in ornamentals and soybeans, damage assesments in tree fruit and life history information has either been submitted for publications or will be shortly. PARTICIPANTS: George Hamilton, Department of Entomology, Rutgers University - PI involved in all aspects of the studies reported. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences include tree fruit growers, vegetable growers and the general public. Efforts included talks at grower meetings, maintenance of a website dedicated to this project, distribution of fact sheets, interviews with press personnel and phone contacts with the general public. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
The results generated by the toxicity, damage assesment and seasonal monitoring studies are being used to formulate control recommendations for growers and the general public. The trapping study results are being used to develop monitoring schemes for farmers. The mass trapping studies may allow the use of this technology to control halyomorpha populations on commercial and private properties.
Publications
- Nielsen, A.L., P.W. Shearer and G.C. Hamilton. 2008. Toxicity of Insecticides to Halyomorpha halys (Stal) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Using Glass-Vial Assays. J. Econ. Entomology 101:1439-1442.
- Nielsen, A.L., G.C. Hamilton and M. Matadha. 2008. Development Rate Estimation and Life Table Analysis for Halyomorpha halys (Stal) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Environmental Entomology 37: 348-355.
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Progress 01/01/07 to 12/31/07
Outputs
OUTPUTS: During FY07, several studies were conducted. The first involved the second year of a study examining the use of different pheromone loading rates (0mg, 0.5mg, 2.5mg, 7.5mg and 25mg) to attract H. halys to monitoring traps. The 2007 results were similar to those observed in 2006 with 25mg attracting the highest number of individuals. Study two involved the second year of work examining the use of different sampling techniques for H. halys in soybeans. This study is showing that the use of large yellow pyramid traps containing pheromone are the most efficient way to monitor for this pest in soybeans. The third study involved the final year of study examining seasonal population variations on a variety of host plants. This study is allowing us to understand how H. halys populations change through time. Related to this was a fourth study looking at the release of plant volatiles from plants fed on and not fed on by H. halys. We are currently identifying the chemicals released by
individual plants and will be testing each for their attractiveness to adult and 4th instar H. halys.
PARTICIPANTS: George Hamilton, Department of Entomology, Rutgers University - PI involved in all aspects of the studies reported. Anne Nielsen, Department of Entomology, Rutgers University - Ms. Nielsen is conducting her Ph.D. research as part of this project and was involved in all aspects of the studies reported.
TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences include tree fruit growers, vegetable growers and the general public. Efforts included talks at grower meetings, maintenance of a website dedicated to this project, distribution of fact sheets, interviews with press personnel and phone contacts with the general public.
Impacts
The results generated by the toxicity and seasonal monitoring studies are being used to formulate control recommendations for growers and the general public. The trapping study results are being used to develop monitoring schemes for farmers and are serving as background data in the development of a mass trapping program on home owner properties in high population areas.
Publications
- Khriminian, A., P.W. Shearer, A. Zhang, G.C. Hamilton, and J.A. Aldrich. 2008 Field Trapping of the Invasive Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Halyomorpha halys, with Geometric Isomers of Methyl 2,4,6-Decatrienoate. J. Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56: 197-203
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Progress 01/01/06 to 12/31/06
Outputs
The brown marmorated stink bug (BMS), is an exotic stink bug that was introduced into the United States in the mid 1990s. In July of 2004, a website (http://www.rce.rutgers.edu/stinkbug/) was created that allows the public to report sightings of the insect. Since its creation, over 400 reports have been received. As a result, we have been able to track the spread of BMS in Pennsylvania and New Jersey and confirm its presence in Delaware, Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia. Unconfirmed reports have also been received from Washington, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts and Maine. A total of 35, 172 and 236 website reports were received in 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively, with the bulk of the reports occurring from September though April. In its native range of Korea, China and Japan, BMS an important agricultural pest in tree fruit and soybeans causing fruit and pod malformations. In the United States, this invasive insect is just beginning to become an
agricultural problem in eastern Pennsylvania and northwestern New Jersey. In 2006, we documented up to 95% losses in apple and Asian pear orchards in these areas. Typical methods for monitoring or trapping stink bugs include the use of pheromone traps, beat sampling and black light trapping. During 2006 we used the network of 80 blacklight traps to monitor the spread of BMS adults in to new areas of NJ. This resulted in the 4 new county records. BMS adults were also collected in traps using the aggregation pheromone of another Asian stink bug species (Plautia stali Scott) in early spring when adults migrate from overwintering sites to host plants and in September and October when populations migrate back to overwintering sites and have been used to forecast potential BMS infestation rates in the early spring to capture overwintering adults. Mass trapping using semiochemicals can be effective against a pest. In 2004, a three year study using rubber septa treated with 2.5 mg of
attractant was begun to evaluate different traps types (pyramid, football, "smart" trap and apple trap) to monitor stink bug populations in ornamentals and soybeans. In 2004 and 2005, significantly higher trap catches were observed in pyramid traps in both ornamental trees and soybeans. This study was completed in 2006 with similar results. In 2006, we also completed the first year of work examining the response of BMS to traps baited with different trap loading rates. This initial work showed that the 25 mg/trap load caught significantly more individuals than all other treatments indicating that traps baited with a 25 mg/septum attractant may have potential for use in a mass trapping effort.
Impacts
The tools and knowledge developed by this project should provide a better understanding of how introduced insects spread and how consumers might avoid problems related crop failures and home invasions.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 01/01/05 to 12/31/05
Outputs
Halyomorpha halys is an introduced insect pest that has the potential to become a serious agricultural and landscape threat in New Jersey and other parts of the United States. The purpose of this project is to gain insights into Halyomorpha halys potential threat to New Jersey agriculture and to establish baseline criteria for the development of management strategies. Studies designed to evaluate different monitoring systems and control methods are being conducted. The spread of this insect throughout the eastern United States is being tracked and the genetic changes occurring in this expanding population are being evaluated. Finally, basic biological studies looking at temperature dependant development and reproductive output and host plant evaluations are being conducted. During 2005, a study examining different trap styles for monitoring H. halys populations was conducted for the second year. This study was done using soybeans and several ornamental plants and
showed significant differences in weekly trap catches based on the style of trap used. The 2005 results confirmed those seen in 2004. The spread of H. halys throughout the eastern United States is being tracked through the use of reporting websites, the distribution of informational magnets and word of mouth. To date, this project has documented the spread of H. halys throughout most of Pennsylvania and New Jersey, and into Delaware, Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia. In addition, this work is responsible for the discovery of a previously unknown population in Oregon. Development rate studies were done for several different temperatures and will be repeated during 2006. This work is showing that H. halys has the capability to complete one generation in the northeast and that it has the potential to go through several generations in more southern areas of the United States. This corresponds to what is seen in the field in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware and Maryland. Laboratory
studies to evaluate the use of different insecticides against H. halys have been ongoing. This work is developing baseline LD50 information that can be used to evaluate control potentials and track changes in resistance to various chemical. To date, several organophosphate, carbamate and pyrethroid materials have been tested. This work is showing that pyrethroid insecticides have control potential, however, more work is necessary before final conclusions can be made.
Impacts
This project will develop tools that can be used to monitor populations, control pest outbreaks and track changes in populion gentics. Farmers and the general public will benefit from the information developed.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 01/01/04 to 12/31/04
Outputs
It is too early in the life of the project to report at this time.
Impacts
It is too early in the life of the project to report at this time.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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