Source: YELLOW WOOD ASSOCIATES, INC. submitted to NRP
GREEN COMMUNITY TECHNOLOGIES: ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT FOR RURAL COMMUNITIES
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0200775
Grant No.
2004-33610-15010
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
2004-02663
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Sep 1, 2004
Project End Date
Nov 30, 2007
Grant Year
2004
Program Code
[8.6]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
YELLOW WOOD ASSOCIATES, INC.
228 NORTH MAIN STREET
ST. ALBANS,VT 05478
Performing Department
(N/A)
Non Technical Summary
Problem Rural communities must invest in a range of infrastructure to support public services. Decision-making regarding municipal investments is often made by part-time, volunteer community leaders who lack access to up-to-date information about alternative technologies and approaches. In addition, federal programs promoting alternative technologies are often focused on urban areas, with limited resources to address rural differences in scale, capacity, and financial resources. Furthermore, technologies are always changing and improving, making it difficult to keep up with them. Yellow Wood Associates is offering an assessment approach to small communities that compares the performance, cost and capacity of existing and proposed rural community municipal infrastructure with the performance, cost and capacity of alternative technologies and approaches. Our systematic assessment process helps communities in formulating cost-effective plans for phased implementation of appropriate alternatives. Plus, we can take communities from assessment to implementation by connecting them with companies and methods of financing. Rural communities can benefit from the Green Community Technologies service through cost savings, cost avoidance, potential creation of new employment opportunities, and environmental benefits.
Animal Health Component
33%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
33%
Applied
33%
Developmental
34%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
60853992020100%
Goals / Objectives
During Phase I of its Green Community Technologies project, Yellow Wood Associates, Inc. of St. Albans, Vermont worked with the Town of Richmond, Vermont to inventory the condition of their municipal infrastructure e.g. bridges, roads, vehicles and assess the potential of alternative technologies to improve municipal service delivery within the town. YWAs Phase II objectives include Technical Objective 1: Refine the Green Community Technologies approach and explore a broader range of alternative approaches to municipal infrastructure. Technical Objective 1 Research Questions A. What are the most effective ways to identify and engage communities willing to explore alternative approaches to municipal infrastructure needs? B. What are all the elements of municipal infrastructure that can reasonably be included in an assessment? C. What feasible alternative approaches are available for elements of municipal infrastructure beyond the six examined in Phase I? D. What information is available for comparisons of cost, capacity, and performance of alternative and conventional approaches? E. How can information best be presented to municipal officials and the general public to aid in decision-making? Technical Objective 2 Continue work with the Town of Richmond, Vermont through the implementation of selected alternative technologies Technical Objective 2 Research Questions A. What types of changes to local, state, and/or federal regulations are needed to permit/encourage use of alternative approaches? B. What types of financing alternatives (including grants, participation in pilot programs, etc.) are available to rural municipalities that wish to apply alternative technologies to municipal infrastructure? C. What is the most effective way to identify and perform due diligence on potential contractors to implement alternative approaches in communities? D. How should implementation be monitored and documented so that communities know what has worked and what has not and the value of benefits derived? Technical Objective 3 Test alternative approaches to marketing Green Community Technologies as a commercial service. Technical Objective 3 Research Questions A. What are the selling points of the Green Community Technologies service for communities and what are communities willing and able to pay for assistance with different steps in the process? B. What are the selling points of the Green Community Technologies service for private sector companies and what are the costs and benefits of such partnerships for YWA? C. What are the selling points of the Green Community Technologies service for government agencies and non-profit organizations and what are the possibilities for partnerships between them and YWA? D. Which aspects of our marketing approach are most effective and what is the best way to combine them to attract attention to the Green Community Technologies service?
Project Methods
For Phase II, Yellow Wood Associates anticipates working with up to five additional communities, and expanding the range of municipal infrastructure issues and alternative approaches considered. The focus of Phase II will be on refining our tools and approach to municipal infrastructure inventory and assessment, identification and assessment of alternative approaches and comparative life-cycle costing, in addition to assisting towns in fulfilling the requirements of GASB 34. During Phase II, we will continue working with the Town of Richmond to monitor implementation of alternatives; to assist in examining alternative financing mechanisms including possible grants, awards, and opportunities to participate in state and federal pilot programs; to identify public, private and non-profit sources of technical assistance; to assist in locating and performing due diligence with respect to contractors the town may choose to hire; to research and address federal, state, and local regulatory issues as needed; and to monitor the performance and impacts of alternatives once they are in place. By the end of Phase II, we anticipate having a full range of services to offer rural communities, from inventory and assessment of existing municipal infrastructure, through implementation and monitoring of alternative technologies used to meet municipal needs. During Phase II, we anticipate developing a virtual roundtable of technology experts to assist in selecting appropriate alternative technologies for communities. Participants in the roundtable will be identified based on the problems and opportunities of interest to participating communities, research into most viable alternative approaches, and identification of qualified and experienced technology providers willing to work with us on this project. We will also seek locally or regionally based technologists to assist us as we become involved with additional communities. This partnership can enhance information sharing between YWA and the community and can help develop community buy-in of potential solutions.

Progress 09/01/04 to 11/30/07

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Reports produced for municipalities include: 1. Municipal Asset Inventory for Barnstable County, Massachusetts: Findings and Recommendations. December 26, 2006 2.Green Community Technologies for Franklin, New York: Findings and Recommendations. December 14, 2006. 3.Green Building Options for Franklin, New York: Findings and Recommendations. December 14, 2006. 4.General Accounting Standards Board 34 (GASB 34) Municipal Asset Inventory for Hancock, NH. April 27, 2007. 5.Alternative Approaches to Wastewater System Expansion in Hinesburg, VT. October 12, 2005. 6.Municipal Asset Inventory for Litchfield, Maine: Findings and Recommendations. September 8, 2006. 7. Municipal Asset Inventory for Thetford, Vermont: Findings and Recommendations. November 16, 2006. In addition, we have produced a professionally designed brochure and a 10 minute narrated CD for viewing by municipal officials. We have obtained a registered trademark for Green Community Technologies. PARTICIPANTS: Key individuals who worked on this project include: Shanna Ratner, Principal Investigator, Yellow Wood Associates; Melissa Levy, Associate, Yellow Wood Associates, John Hoover, Associate, Yellow Wood Associates, Lee Wood, Junior Associate, Yellow Wood Associates, and subcontractors Ann R. Holland and Jeff Forward. Other participants include: Stone Environmental, Gotham City Graphics, and Downs, Rachlin, Martin. Partnerships have been formed with EPA Region 1 Community Energy Challenge and the municipal governments of Franklin, NY, Litchfield, ME, Hancock, NH, Hinesburg, Thetford, and Richmond, VT, Richmond and Barnstable County, MA and with the Adirondack North Country Association, Sustainable Hudson Valley, and the Washington Electric Cooperative. TARGET AUDIENCES: The target audiences were the municipal officials and citizenry of the seven partner communities who participated in shaping the Green Community Technologies service.

Impacts
Through this project, we have learned that communities recognize the value of a service that educates them regarding a wide range of infrastructure alternatives delivered by a contractor that has no vested interest in what they choose to implement. It is essential to get the discussion of alternatives on the table as early as possible in the design process. A holistic, systems-based approach to infrastructure planning allows communities to identify cost savings measures that have positive environmental and social impacts. Some communities require grant support to pay for these services, while others are able to find money in their municipal budgets. Communities proceed through the process more rapidly when they have a dedicated local coordinator. Initial community engagement with a local enthusiast and supporter is essential to success. By and large, communities embrace and benefit from a participatory approach to infrastructure assessment. The inventory and assessment phase can be very valuable in helping communities understand the entire system of infrastructure and areas where problems and opportunities intersect. Meeting GASB 34 requirements as part of the Green Community Technologies process saves communities money and reduces the amount of work needed from internal and external auditors. Research into alternatives provides effective guidance to communities in choosing and shaping their infrastructure investments, and puts communities in the driver's seat when dealing with contractors hired to implement. We have also learned how important it is to be able to provide communities with assistance in building a bid list of contractors with bona fide experience in alternative approaches to infrastructure implementation. Without this, communities turn to the contractors with whom they are familiar who then tell them why they can't do anything differently. This is a major stumbling block to effective implementation of alternative infrastructure approaches in rural communities, and one that we are learning to address. Specific communities are implementing various improvements in municipal infrastructure related to energy efficiency, green building, water conservation, and stormwater reduction and related services based on recommendations received through Green Community Technologies.

Publications

  • Hecht, Daniel. (2007, July 24). Yellow Wood: Charting a Path to Durable Communities. Barre/Montpelier Times Argus.
  • Hecht, Daniel. (2007, July 24). Yellow Wood: Charting a Path to Durable Communities. Rutland Herald.
  • Holland, Ann Ruzow. (2007, July/August). Innovation Economy Comes to Eight Towns: The GCT Process and the Triple Bottom Line. Empire State Report, 19-23.
  • Holland, Ann Ruzow. (2007, July/August). Innovation Economy Comes to Eight Towns: The GCT Process and the Triple Bottom Line. Talk of the Towns, 25-29.
  • Holland, Ann Ruzow. (2007, August). Innovation Economy Comes to Eight Towns: The GCT Process and the Triple Bottom Line. Public Management Magazine, 21-25.
  • Ratner, Shanna (2004, Winter). Exploring Alternative Technologies to Meet Small Town Infrastructure Needs. Small Communities Quarterly.
  • Efficiency Vermont. Town of Richmond Water Pollution Control Facility, 2006.


Progress 10/01/03 to 09/30/04

Outputs
Since June 15, 2004 we have recruited 8 Phase Two Green Community Technology (GCT) partner communities in six states through an extensively advertised RFP. Initial on site meetings were held in all eight communities. Six have signed letters of agreement, one more is in process, and the final is delayed due to an infrastructure crisis. Communities range in size from population 3,000 to 53,000. One contract with Hinesburg, Vermont regarding alternatives to wastewater system expansion has been successfully completed with assistance from Stone Environmental, technologists. The municipal technology checklist has been expanded and revised. Inventory and assessment forms, data entry forms, and databases have been created, pre-tested, revised, and distributed to communities. Combined GASB34 and GCT inventory forms, data entry forms and databases have been created with input from an accountant, revised and distributed to communities. A trademark application for GCT has been submitted. Marketing efforts have included: additions to the YWA website, numerous presentations at municipal officer training events in MA, NY, and VT, Vermont Environmental Consortium, Environmental Business Association of New York, Sustainable Communities Conference, What Works! Conference, and elsewhere; meetings with EPA Region 1 and staff of NYSERDA, OSC, and Dept. of State Quality Communities in Albany, New York. A variety of slide shows and handouts have been created and used extensively. We have worked with Foresight Science and Technology on developing our business model and market research. We have qualified as a contractor to Massachusetts Technology Collaborative (MTC). We are currently pursuing a contract with MTC and a facilitation/research role in the Energy Smart Initiative in the Adirondacks. Research has begun into potential phase 3 partners including: regional planning organizations, regional environmental organizations/institutions, foundations with an environmental focus, federal and state government, and private sector firms. Cross marketing opportunities with two private sector firms are under negotiation.

Impacts
By using a systems approach, we are changing the way municipalities think about their infrastructure and related investments. In Hinesburg, Vermont, we identified innovative cost-effective and environmentally beneficial alternatives to expanding a centralized sewage treatment plant through a combination of separation of sources, decentralized treatment, conservation and reuse, and new treatment procedures.

Publications

  • No publications reported this period