Progress 10/01/04 to 09/30/10
Outputs
OUTPUTS: The primary output of the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory is related to analysis of animal disease samples, compilation of results, and completion of reports. This information is disseminated to animal owners and producers in North Dakota, and the upper Midwest. Action taken based on results range from decisions made about animal production, pet health, and public health. The laboratory serves as an important piece in the surveillance picture which assesses both animal and human health. Incidence of such important diseases as anthrax, tularemia, avian influenza and West Nile virus all take place through the routine testing of the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Since the laboraory receives samples from all over North Dakota and western Minnesota, it is a good interface for the incidence of animal disease in the region. The laboratory also participates in animal health surveillance on a national level throught the National Animal Health Laboratory Network. PARTICIPANTS: Specialists employed at the VDL include Neil Dyer (pathologist), Teresa Newell (pathologist), Michelle Mostrom (toxicologist) and Penny Gibbs (25% time microbiologist). We partner with the North Dakota Department of Health, the North Dakota Board of Animal Health, USDA/APHIS, North Dakota Game and Fish, North Dakota Stockman's Association, American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, and the National Animal Disease Laboratory Network. The VDL puts an annual continuing education event (May) in which animal health topics are presented to veterinary practitioners. TARGET AUDIENCES: Our target audience is the animal owning and producing public of the upper Midwest. These are our clients. Case reports are generated from samples that these clients submit. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
The laboraory generates information based on submission of animal disease cases. This information is used to help animal owners and producers make decisions about how they care for their animals. In those cases where zoonotic diseases are identified, that information is used to make decisions about human health as well. This may involve risk communication and mitigation, behavioral modification, and decisions about animal production. Therfore, the laboratory is the producer of important data that is used by various individuals to diminish losses due to animal disease. This may include herd management strategies, pet health decisions, and human health decisions. In this time of modern medicine, when there are a number of immuncompromised individuals in the general population, information relative to animal disease can carry significant impact in that immuncompromised people can be exposed to sick animals and contract illness.
Publications
- Janardhan KS, Hays M, Dyer N, Oberst RD, Debey BM. Mycoplasma bovis outbreak in a herd of North American bison (Bison bison). J Vet Diagn Invest. 22:797-801, 2010
- Barigye R, Schultz J, Newell TK, Dyer NW. Odontogenic myxoma in an 8-year-old Labrador Retreiver dog. J Vet Diagn Invest 23:167-71, 2011
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Progress 10/01/08 to 09/30/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: The VDL now has a fully functioning QA system with a half-time QA manager responsible for all aspects of laboratory quality. This directly bears on the results which we disseminate to clients of the laboratory. The lab continues to perform assays for program diseases such as avian influenza and classical swine fever. We regularly send animal and public health information to the North Dakota Board of Animal Health and the North Dakota Department of Health. Personnel from the VDL have participated in continuing education for veterinarians, as well as presentations to commodity groups that visit the laboratory. VDL personnel are also involved in traditional and on-line teaching within the university and have given presentations at national meetings. A laboratory diagnostician continues to be involved in distance education with Mongolian veterinary graduates. We regularly communicate with clients over the phone on a variety of topics important to animal and human health. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals involved on this progject include laboratory diagnosticians, namely three pathologists (Barigye, Dyer, Newell), a toxicologist (Mostrom), a microbiologist (Gibbs) and the department head (Freeman). Partner organizations include the North Dakota Board of Animal Health, the North Dakota Department of Health, USDA/APHIS, AAVLD, and the NAHLN. Professional development is encouraged and provided to diagnosticians on an ongoing basis. TARGET AUDIENCES: The target audience of the VDL continues to be the clientele that use the services of the laboratory. Animal Health information is generated for animal owners that utilize the laboratory. In addition, we provided information for commodity groups that have shared interests in the laboratory. Finally, we provide information for basic researchers on and off campus, and participate in undergraduate and graduate teaching on the NDSU campus. International collaborations are being formed with Mongolia and Uganda. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
The VDL is now fully accredited by the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians and a functioning member of the National Animal Health Network. We are also a level A lab within the network of labs coordinated by the North Dakota Department of Health. We continue to develop our PCR capabiliites. Most recently we developed a PCR assay for rabies allowing us to handle less than optimal samples in a way that helps provide reliable results. A new incinerator was purchased and installed to help with the disposition of animal carcasses that cannot be rendered as well as helping the Board of Animal Health with animal disposal related to disease outbreaks. Most recently, equipment was purchased in toxicology to allow analysis of serum samples for micronutrients. The laboratory continues to function as a high quality diagnostic facility in the upper Midwest through disease surveillance, service to the animal owning community, provision of research material to basic scientists studying mechanisms of disease and contribution to the teaching mission of NDSU.
Publications
- Barigye, R., Dyer, N.W., Newell, T.K. (2009). Outbreak of papillomatous digital dermatitis in a North Dakota dairy herd. Vet Notes, NDSU Extension Newsletter. 2: 4-5.
- Dyer, N W, May 21, 2009, "Feline lower urinary tract disease", abstract, annual VDL-CE, NDSU
- Dyer, N W, September 19, 2009, "Using your veterinary diagnostic lab", NDSU Red Angus tour
- Dyer, N W, September 26, 2009, "Getting the most out of your veterinary diagnostic lab", 2009 Tri-State Meat Goat Conference, Fargo, ND
- Dyer, N W, September 30, 2009, Cytology CE, Metro area veterinarians and veterinary technicians, NDSU
- Gaukler, S.M., Bleier, W.J., Sherwood, J.S., Dyer, N.W., Linz, G.M.,Wannemuehler, Y.M., Nolan, L.K., Logue, C.M. (2009) Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Wild European Starlings at a Kansas Cattle Feedlot. Avian Diseases 53:544-551.
- SM Gaukler, HJ Homan, NW Dyer, GM Linz, WJ Bleier. 2008. Pathogenic diseases and movements of wintering Europeon Starlings using feedlots in central Kansas. Proc 23rd Vertebr. Pest Conf. Univ. of Calif., Davis
- Mostrom, Michelle, May 21, 2009 "Large animal plant toxicity", abstract, annual VDL-CE, NDSU
- Newell, Teresa, May 21, 2009 "Leptospirosis", abstract, annual VDL-CE, NDSU
- Susan Olet, Jennifer A. Tofteland, Neil Dyer and Margaret L. Khaitsa. April 30, 2009. Characterization of Rabies Cases in Animals in The Midwestern United States, 2000-2008. North Dakota Academy of Science, Fargo ND
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Progress 10/01/07 to 09/30/08
Outputs
OUTPUTS: OUTPUTS: The NDSU-VDL processed 9555 cases during the referenced time period. Primary species on which testing was performed inlcude bovine, equine, ovine, porcine, caprine, canine and feline species. Peak laboratory activity includes the months of April and May. This is tied to the states large livestock industry. Surveillance testing was conducted on state and national levels for West Nile virus, avian influenza, and classical swine fever. Technicians within the laboratory are cerified for testing of Exotic Newcastle's disease and Foot and Mouth disease as well. We are a participating member of the National Animal Health Laboratory Network. Two hundred and twenty-one rabies cases, both non-human and human exposure, were run at the laboratory during this time period. North Dakota did not experience an anthrax outbreak his year, however, anthrax testing continues to be done at the lab. One positive tularemia case was reported in the month of June. We maintained our close association with the North Dakota Department of Health and North Dakota Board of Animal Health by participating in training exercises and providing information on reportable diseases to these agencies. Continuing education was offered at the lab for regional practitioners, country extension agents, and livestock producers throughout the year. Written materials were provided for the North Dakota Stoackman's Association, and the North Dakota Extension Veterinarian. A representative for the lab participated in the interviewing of veterinary school candidates for admission to Kansas State University. PARTICIPANTS: Neil Dyer - veterinary pathologist - 12 months; Douglas Freeman - department head - 12 months; Robert Barigye - veterinary pathologist - 12 months; Teresa Newell - veterinary pathologist - 12 months; Michell Mostrom - veterinary toxicologist - 12 months; Penelope Gibbs - microbiologist - 3 months; 13 full time technical staff and 2 half time technical staff; All members of the laboratory participate in at least one opportunity for continuing education on an annual basis. TARGET AUDIENCES: The veterinary diagnostic laboratory serves the animal owning/producing sector of the upper Midwest, primarily North Dakota, western Minnesota and northern South Dakota. In this agricultural setting we have a prodominance of livestock cases, but also see quite a bit of companion animal material. We also hope to disseminate information to the public at large regarding issues of animal and public health. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: No change at this time. PARTICIPANTS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
The VDL completed implementation of an extensive quality control program. A half-time quality manager is now employed to maintain accreditation with the national accrediting organization (American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians). A full-time IT person is employed by the laboratory as well and has worked to upgrade the laboratory web-site, sample labelling, and software/hardware capabilities. The laboratory continues to add to its menu of tests for rapid molecular diagnostics. Equipment was purchased to make this type of testing more prevalent within the lab, specifically, equipment that aids in avian influenza testing. The laboratory also participates in distance education with veterinary graduates in Mongolia through the use of case material generated by the laboratory. The laboratory continues to function as a high quality diagnostic facility in the upper Midwest involved in disease surveillance, service to the animal owning community, provision of research material to basic scientists studying mechanisms of disease (Cryptosporidium E. coli and Salmonella), and contributing to the teaching mission of NDSU, both student and extension.
Publications
- Barigye, R., Dyer, N.W., Newell, et al. (2008). Molecular and immunohistochemical detection of assemblage E, Giardia duodenalis in scouring North Dakota calves. Vet Parasitol 157:109-202.
- Barigye, R., Mostrom, M., Dyer, N.W., Newell, T.K, and Lardy, P.G. (2008). Ethylene glycol toxicosis in a herd of adult beef cattle fed contaminated feeds. Can Vet J. 49:1018-1020.
- Barigye R., Schaan L., Gibbs, P.S., Schamber, E.L., and Dyer, N.W. (2007). Diagnostic evidence of Staphylococcus warneri as a possible cause of bovine abortion J. Vet Diagn Invest. 19: 694-696.
- Barigye, R., Schamber, E.L., Newell, T.K., and Dyer, N.W. (2007). Hepatic lipidosis and other test findings in two captive adult porcupines (Erethizon dorsatum) dying from a "sudden death syndrome" J. Vet Diagn Invest. 19: 712-716.
- Wagner, S.A., Mostrom, M.S., Hammer, C.J., Thorson, J.S., Smith, D.J. 2008. Adverse effects of zilpaterol administration in horses: three cases. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 28(4):238-243.
- M Ndiva Mongoh, Dyer NW, Stoltenow CL, and M L Khaitsa. 2007. Characterization of an outbreak of anthrax in animals in North Dakota: 243 cases(2005). The Bovine Practitioner, 41:101-109.
- Oloya J, Theis M, Doetkott D, Dyer NW, Gibbs P and M L Khaitsa. 2007. Evaluation of Salmonella Occurrence in Domestic Animals and Humans in North Dakota (2000-2005) J Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, 4:551-563.
- M Ndiva Mongoh, Hearne R, Dyer NW, and ML Khaitsa. 2008. The Economic Impact of West Nile virus Infection in horses in the North Dakota Equine Industry in 2002, J Tropical Animal Production and Health, 40:69-76.
- M Ndiva Mongoh, Dyer NW, Khaitsa ML, and CL Stoltenow. 2008. Risk factors associated with an anthrax outbreak in animals in North Dakota, 2005: A retrospective case control study. Public Health Reports, 123:352-359.
- Dyer, NW, Hansen-Lardy L, Krogh D, Schaan L and E Schamber. 2008. An outbreak of chronic pneumonia and polyarthritis syndrome caused by Mycoplasma bovis in feedlot bison (Bison bison). J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 20:369-371.
- M Ndiva Mongoh, Dyer NW, Stoltenow CL, and ML Khaitsa. 2008. A review of management practices for the control of anthrax in animals: The 2005 outbreak in North Dakota - case study. Zoonoses and Public Health 55:279-290.
- M Ndiva Mongoh, Hearne R, Dyer NW, Stoltenow CL, and ML Khaitsa. 2008. Private and public economic incentives for the control of animal diseases: the case of anthrax in livestock J. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 55:319-328.
- Uzoigwe JC, Oloya J, Dyer NW, Gibbs PS, and ML Khaitsa, 2008. Occurrence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in Cattle in North Dakota, 1995 - 2005. The Bovine Practitioner, 42:160-168.
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Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/07
Outputs
OUTPUTS: The NDSU-VDL processed 9731 cases and performed nearly 60,000 tests in multiple species (primarily cattle, sheep, horses, swine, cats, dogs and birds) during the referenced time period. The peak period for work activity within the laboratory is February, March and April during calving season. Surveillance testing was conducted on state and national levels for West Nile virus, and avian influenza, and preparations were made for classical swine fever testing as well. The lab continues to participate in testing for BSE, CWD and scrapie. Non-human exposure rabies cases are run at the lab as well. North Dakota did not experience an anthrax outbreak his year, however, anthrax testing continues to be done at the lab. We maintained our close association with the North Dakota Department of Health and North Dakota Board of Animal Health by participating in training exercises and providing information on reportable diseases to these agencies. Continuing education was offered at the lab
for regional practitioners, country extension agents, and livestock producers throughout the year. Written materials were provided for the North Dakota Stoackman's Association, and the North Dakota Extension Veterinarian. A representative for the lab participated in the interviewing of veterinary school candidates for admission to Kansas State University.
PARTICIPANTS: Neil Dyer - veterinary pathologist - 12 months; Douglas Freeman - department head - 12 months; Robert Barigye - veterinary pathologist - 12 months; Teresa Newell - veterinary pathologist - 12 months; Michell Mostrom - veterinary toxicologist - 12 months; Penelope Gibbs - microbiologist - 3 months; 13 full time technical staff and 2 half time technical staff; All members of the laboratory participate in at least one opportunity for continuing education on an annual basis.
TARGET AUDIENCES: The veterinary diagnostic laboratory serves the animal owning/producing sector of the upper Midwest, primarily North Dakota, western Minnesota and northern South Dakota. In this agricultural setting we have a prodominance of livestock cases, but also see quite a bit of companion animal material. We also hope to disseminate information to the public at large regarding issues of animal and public health.
PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: No change at this time.
Impacts
Throughout the reporting period, the NDSU-VDL underwent the implementation of an extensive quality control program. A quality consultant and half-time quality manager were employed to bring the labs testing programs, equipment maintenance, document control and training into compliance with the national accrediting organization (American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians). All laboratory personnel went through training to comply with the quality assurance requirements. Technicians were hired to work in the molecular diagnostics secttion of the laboratory with the intent of focusing testing on new technologies that allow accurate and more rapid diagnosis of animal disease. Anthrax, West Nile virus, and avian influenza would be examples of diseases detected by these new methods. Equipment was purchased to make this type of testing more prevalent within the lab. We continue to make improvements in the area of information technology through the purchase of
new hardward, software updates, and training of our IT personnel.
Publications
- Mafany-Mongoh, Khaitsa M.L., and Dyer N.W. 2007. Environmental and ecological determinants of West Nile virus occurrence in horses in North Dakota, 2002. Epidemiol. Infect. 135:57-66.
- Mafany-Mongoh, N. W. Dyer, C. L. Stoltenow, M. L. Khaitsa. 2007.Characterization of an outbreak of anthrax in animals in North Dakota: 243 cases (2005). The Bovine Practitioner 41:101-109.
- Mafany-Mongoh, Hearne R., Dyer N. W., Khaitsa M. L. 2008. ThefFinancial impact of West Nile virus infection in horses in the North Dakota equine industry in 2002, J. Tropical Animal Production and Health (accepted for publication 6/13/07).
- Oloya, J., M. Theis, D. Doetkott, N. W. Dyer, P. Gibbs and M. L. Khaitsa. Evaluation of Salmonella occurrence in domestic animals and humans in North Dakota (2000-2005) J. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 2007, 4:551-563.
- Barigye, Robert, N. W. Dyer and Teresa K. Newell 2007. Fatal myocardial degeneration in an adult Quarter horse with Vitamin E deficiency. J. Equine Vet. Sci. 27(9):405-409.
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Progress 10/01/05 to 09/30/06
Outputs
A total of 9626 cases were processed by the NDSU-VDL in this time period. Distribution was as follows: Sheep - 341, horse - 2901, dog - 1955, cat - 577, goat - 39, bison - 15, elk - 42, chicken - 21, pig - 167, cervid - 28, bovine - 2189, water - 33, feed - 892 and various mixed species. The laboratory now provides West Nile Virus, avian influenza and non-human exposure rabies surveillance for North Dakota. During this time period, the laboratory became a functioning member of the National Animal Health Network, and is capable of providing overflow rt-PCR for Exotic Newcastle's Disease, Classical Swine Fever, Foot and Mouth disesae, and Avian influenza. Three cases of tularemia in western North and South Dakota were reported by the lab during this time period.
Impacts
The NDSU-VDL continues to function as a reliable diagnostic facility on the northern Great Plains involved in disease surveillance, service to the animal owning community, providing research material to basic scientists studying mechanisms of disease, and contributing to the teaching mission of NDSU, both student and extension. We fill an important niche in the public health community as well.
Publications
- Khaitsa, ML, R. Barigye, N.W. Dyer, D. Doetkott, JR Foster. 2006. Presence of Neospora caninum infection in North Dakota beef herds. The Bovine Practitioner 40:51-55.
- Theis, M., M.L. Khaitsa, D. Doetkott, N. Dyer, P. Gibbs. Salmonella occurrence in North Dakota grass fed beef cattle: prevalence and characterization. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Rushmore Conference on Enteric Diseases, Rapid City, South Dakota, USA, September 29-October 1, 2005. Poster # 44.
- Triebold, I., M.L. Khaitsa, J. Goplin, W. Nganje, P. Gibbs, N. Dyer. Syndromic surveillance in North Dakota: a gastrointestinal illness Case study. In: Proceedings of the 86th Annual Meeting of the Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases. St Louis, MO, Dec.3 -6, 2005. Abstract No. 82.
- Triebold, I., M.L. Khaitsa, J. Goplin, W. Nganje, P. Gibbs, N. Dyer. Syndromic surveillance in North Dakota: A gastrointestinal illness case study. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Rushmore Conference on Enteric Diseases, Rapid City, South Dakota, USA, September 29-October 1, 2005. Poster # 45.
- Dyer, NW. Hemorrhagic encephalopathy in Pronghorn Antelope (Antilocapra americana). NCCVLD annual meeting, Lincoln, NE, June 8-9, 2006.
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Progress 10/01/04 to 09/30/05
Outputs
A total of 9706 cases were processed by the NDSU-VDL in this time period. Distribution was as follows: 332 ovine, 3094 equine, 1827 canine, 515 feline, 181 porcine, 2234 bovine, and 40 caprine. Eight water samples and 849 feed samples were analyzed. A total of 342 non-human exposure rabies were processed, 48 of which were positive (42 skunks, 3 cats, 1 bat and 2 bovine). The laboratory continues to provide West nile virus surveillance for North Dakota and will be participating in a state-wide avian influenze surveillance program as well. During July, August and September of 2005 the laboratory dealt with an anthrax enzootic. Approximately 115 positive cases were diagnosed in the lab. Dr. Robert Barigye began working as a veterinary diagnostic pathologist at the NDSU-VDL in June of 2004.
Impacts
The NDSU-VDL continues to function as a reliable diagnostic facility on the northern Great Plains involved in disease surveillance, service to the animal owning community, providing research material to basic scientists studying mechanisms of disease, and contributing to the teaching mission of NDSU, both student and extension. We fill an important niche in the public health community as well.
Publications
- R. Barigye, M.A Garcia-Ortiz, E.E Rojas Ramirez, and S.D Rodriguez (2004). Identification of IgG2-Specific Antigens in Mexican Anaplasma marginale Strains. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.; 1026: 84-94
- Robert Barigye, Miguel Angel Garcia-Ortiz, Edmundo Enrique Rojas Ramirez, Sergio D. Rodriguez Camarillo. Identificacion de antigenos IgG2 especificos en tres cepas mexicanas de Anaplasma marginale Tec Pecu Mex 2004,42(1):219-236
- Bennett RS, Nezworski J, Velayudhan BT, Nagaraja KV, Zeman DH, Dyer N, Graham T, Lauer DC, Njenga MK and Halvorson DA. Evidence of avian pneumovirus spread beyond Minnesota among wild and domestic birds in central North America. Avian Diseases 48:902-908, 2004.
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