Progress 01/01/05 to 12/31/05
Outputs
Weed management efforts focused on using remotely sensed data to assess and identify infestation levels of morningglory in soybean fields at harvest. One objective of the project was to establish economic thresholds for use of harvest aids in harvest activities. MSS data were acquired and analyzed using various classification techniques and levels of morningglory infestation were identified. Harvest aids were applied using site-specific technologies and positive economic responses were noted. The research suggested the there was a positive economic response for soybean plots that had approximately 5 to 65 percent infestation with a maximum response at infestations of 25 to 50 percent. Applying harvest aids to plots with higher than 65 percent were not profitable. Pest management research for nematode detection utilized hyperspectral reflectance data to identify infected levels of reniform nematode populations in cotton. Small plots were established with known
population levels of nematode infestation. Specific spectral wavelengths were measured using a spectral radiometer to identify plant stress associated with nematode infestations. Sixteen specific spectral bands were identified as containing evidence of infestation. Geospatial technologies were investigated and integrated into biosecurity planning activities study for livestock operations in Mississippi. Various remotely sensed data, including Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), were evaluated as input to a tick risk model. The model, previously designed using tick habitat suitability factors, was enhanced using landscape and environmental variables derived from geospatial data and analysis. Research was conducted in 2005 to evaluate spatial variability in sweetpotato yield. Production zones were developed using historic data as well as input from spatial analyses. The use of a plant growth regulator and a
mid-season application of nitrogen to promote US No. 1 grade sweetpotatos were evaluated. Results were validated during harvest operations. The initial conclusions indicate promise using the technique.
Impacts
ASTA projects provided various economic and environmental impacts. Using spatial information to determine yield prediction produced inconclusive results. However, the technique was effective in predicting P translocation during a growing season. Site-specific herbicide applications can reduce the amount of herbicide applied. Hyperspectral data was utilized to identify areas of nematode infestation. Geospatial data was utilized to enhance assessments of risk tick-borne diseases. Spatial information used as an input increased the potential for producing higher quality sweetpotatos in a field-level application.
Publications
- Shankle, M.W., T.F. Garrett, J.L. Main. 2004. HM9764A Nutrient Trial. Annual Report 2003 of the North Mississippi Research & Extension Center. Mississippi Agriculture & Forestry Experiment Station Information Bulletin: 405:218-219.
- Lawrence, G.W., A.T. Kelley, R.L. King, J. Vickery, H.K. Lee, and K.S. McLean. 2004. Remote sensing and precision nematicide applications for Rotylenchulus reniformis management in Mississippi cotton. Nematology Monographs and Prospectives 2: (accepted as a manuscript to be published as part of an invited symposium. All manuscripts are awaiting the final approval from the editorial board).
- Eubank, T.W., D.H. Poston, C.H. Koger, and D.R. Shaw. 2005. Remote sensing as a decision making tool for desiccation of Mississippi soybean. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 58: In press
- Zhao, D., K.R. Reddy, V.G. Kakani, and V. R. Reddy. 2004. Nitrogen deficiency effects on plant growth, leaf photosynthesis, and hyperspectral reflectance properties of sorghum. European Journal of Agronomy. 22(4): 391-403.
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Progress 07/01/04 to 06/30/05
Outputs
The overall goal of ASTA is to investigate site-specific technologies as they pertain to natural resource management, precision farming, agribusiness, and decision making in agriculture. The ASTA program sponsored projects focused on soil characterization for estimating productive capacity, pest management (weed and nematodes), water quality and disease management for aquaculture production, and condition assessments for higher quality sweetpotato production. Research focused on soil production capacity involved collection of historical (6-7 years) yield data for rice, soybean, and corn from a Delta cooperator (Allendale Planting Company). Spatial analysis was used to determine if consistent yield variability over the year could be used to guide soil sampling. Variability did not show consistencies. As a result, soil sampling was based on a one-acre grid system to determine nutrient management scenarios. A second study conducted at the Pontotoc Experiment Station on two
Major Land Resource Areas (Upper Coastal Plain, Interior Flatwoods) was designed to assess phosphorus (P) concentration/soil property relationships. Findings concluded that landscape position and land management impacts P movement and loading in an agricultural watershed. Pest management for weed management efforts focused on using remotely sensed data, specifically multi-spectral (MSS) imagery, to assess and identify infestation levels of morningglory in soybean fields at harvest. One objective of the project was to establish economic thresholds for use of harvest aids, including desiccants, to aid in harvest activities. MSS data were acquired and analyzed using various classification techniques and levels of morningglory infestation were identified. Harvest aids were applied using site-specific technologies and positive economic responses were noted. The research suggested the there was a positive economic response for soybean plots that had approximately 5 to 65 percent infestation
with a maximum response at infestations of 25 to 50 percent. Applying harvest aids to plots with higher than 65 percent were generally not profitable. Pest management research for nematode detection utilized hyperspectral reflectance data to identify infected levels of reniform nematode populations in cotton. Small plots were established with known population levels of nematode infestation. Specific spectral wavelengths were measured using a hand held spectral radiometer to identify plant stress associated with nematode infestations. Sixteen specific spectral bands were identified as containing evidence of infestation.
Impacts
The ASTA portfolio of projects provided various economic and environmental impacts. Using spatial information to determine yield prediction produced inconclusive results. However, the technique was effective in predicting P translocation during a growing season. Site-specific herbicide applications can reduce the amount of herbicide applied. Hyperspectral data was utilized to identify areas of nematode infestation.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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