Progress 04/01/04 to 03/31/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Maize growers in Virginia and in the nation have been made aware of more gray leaf spot resistant hybrids, inbreds and germplasm and fungicide efficacy by distribution of pest managment recommendations published annually in the Virginia Pest Management Guide for Field Crops, VA Cooperative Extension Pub 450-016. On 12 January 2009 a presentation was made at the Plant and Animal Genome Conference in San Diego, CA summarizing the joint effort a number of universities (including my efforts) in the "Genetic Dissection of Quantitative Disease Resistance in Maize" including gray leaf spot resistance work conducted in Virginia. Another presentation was made at the Maize Genetics Conference held in St Charles, IL on 12-15 March 2009 entiltled "Nested Association Mapping of Gray Leaf Spot Resistance in Maize". The paper summarized the work conducted collaboratively and by the graduate student. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals: C.C.Kenley, Agricultural Technician, assigned to the PI. Partner Organization: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Cornell University, Dr. Rebecca J, Nelson. Training or professional development: Jacqueline M. Benson, Ph.D. graduate student, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Cornell University, Dr. R.J. Nelson, major advisor. Ms. Benson under my assistance and advice conducts gray leaf spot resistance evauations in my disease nursery in Virginia. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences: Corn growers in Virginia, corn industry representatives, corn breeders and plant pathologists. Efforts: Publication of Pest Management Guide, VCE Pub 450-016 annually, grower meetings, field days for farmers, agricultural professionals, and extension agents. Presentation of results at scientific meetings. Publication of results in Pest Management Reports an American Phytopathological Soceity publication. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
Virginia corn growers are informed of more gray leaf spot resistant hybrids through the Pest Management Guide and grower meeting presentations. The impact has been to motivate growers to incorporate more resistant hybrids into their production schemes. This has resulted in yearly savings of nearly $16 million per year in potential losses to gray leaf spot on approximately 121,000 ha. This has also reduced the use of fungicides to control the disease to near zero.
Publications
- Stromberg, E.L. and C.C. Kenley. 2009. Evaluation of foliar fungicides for the control of gray leaf spot of corn in Virginia, 2008. Plant Dis. Management Rpts 3:FC017.
- Poland, J.A., Chung, C., Wisser, R.J., Balint-Kurti, P.J., Kump, K.L., Benson, J.M., Kolkman, J.M., Stromberg, E.L., The Maize Diversity Project, and Nelson, R.J. 2009. Genetic Dissection of Quantitative Disease Resistance in Maize. Plant and Animal Genome Conference, 12 Jan, San Diego, CA.
- Benson, J., Poland, J., The Maize Diversity Project, Nelson, R.J., and Stroberg, E.L. 2009. Nested Association Mapping of Gray Leaf Spot Resistance in Maize. Maize Genetics Conference, 12-15 Mar, St. Charles, IL.
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Progress 10/01/07 to 09/30/08
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Gray leaf spot (GLS) of corn, caused by the fungus Cercospora zeae-maydis (Czm), has increased in incidence and severity with the widespread adoption of no-tillage practices. Serious losses have occurred in large areas of the U.S. Cornbelt and more recently in the southern 2/3's of the African Continent. In Virginia in 2008 nearly nearly 1,200 elite maize hybrids, inbreds, and segregating populations from the U.S. and other parts of the world were evaluated for reaction to Czm under highly conducive conditions for GLS development at the University's research farm in Montgomery Co., VA. Results from this season will determine lines to be further studied in 2009. Nine fungicide treatments and a non-treated control were used to evaluate the efficacy of a single application of a fungicide at 5% silking for the control of GLS on a moderately resistant commercial corn hybrid. The non-treated control yielded 8002.8 kg/ha while the three most effective fungicides yielded 9228.8-9383.8 kg/ha at 15.5% moisture. PARTICIPANTS: Not relevant to this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Virginia corn growers PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
Results from this work are reported in the Pest Management Guide for Field Crops - Diseases and Nematodes: Grain Crops, Soybeans, Forages. Virginia Cooperative Extension Pub. 450-016 updated annually. The identification of hybrids adapted to Virginia conditions with higher levels of GLS resistance has consistantly resulted in 20 tp 60 percent yield increases over more susceptible widely grown hybrids.
Publications
- Stromberg,E., P.Phipps, A.Grybauskas, and R.Mulrooney. 2008. Pest Management Guide for Field Crops Diseases and Nematodes: Grain Crops, Soybeans,Forages. Virginia Cooperative Extension Pub.450-016.
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Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/07
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Gray leaf spot (GLS) of corn, caused by the fungus Cercsopora zeae-maydis (Czm) has increased in incidence and severity with the adoption of no-tillage prodution practices. Serious losses have occurred from time to time in large areas of the U.S. Cornbelt and more recently in southern 2/3's of the African Continent. With the increased production of corn for ethanol to replace oil there is an increase in the production of corn following corn. This is likely to increase losses from GLS in the U.S. In Virginia in 2007 nearly 2,000 elite maize hybrids, inbreds, and segregating populations were evaluated for reaction to Czm under conditions highly conducive to GLS development at the University's research farm in Montgomery Co., VA. The identification of adapted hybrids with greater resistance that can yield 20 to 60 percent greater than a susceptible hybrid is of value to Virginia growers. A 22-treatment trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of fungicides to control GLS.
Yields ranged from a low of 5580 kg/ha for the non-treated control to 9172 kg/ha in the best fungicide treatment.
TARGET AUDIENCES: Virginia corn growers, seed corn industry personnel
Impacts
Virginia corn growers are informed of GLS resistant hybrids through the Pest Management Guide for Field Crops - Diseases and Nematodes: Grain Crops, Soybeans, Forages. Virginia Cooperative Extension Pub. 450-016 (updated annually). The use of more gray leaf spot resistant hybrids identified by the project saves Virginia dorn farmers nearly $15 million per year in potential grain losses due to GLS.
Publications
- Stromberg, E., P. Phipps, A. Grybauskas, and R. Mulrooney. 2007. Pest Management Guide for Field Crops, Diseases and Nematodes. Grain Crops, Soybeans, Forages. Virginia Cooperative Extension Pub. 450-016
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Progress 10/01/05 to 09/30/06
Outputs
Gray leaf spot (GLS) of corn, caused by the fungus Cercospora zeae-maydis (Czm), has increased in incidence and severity with the adoption of no-tillage practices. Serious losses have occurred in areas of the U.S. Cornbelt and more recently in the southern two thirds of the African Continent. In Virginia in 2005 nearly 2,000 elite maize hybrids, inbreds, and segregating populations were evaluated for reaction to Czm under highly conducive to GLS development at the University research farm in Montgomery Co., VA. For the 2005 harvest 15 hybrids were rated for disease reaction and yield. Hybrids with the least blighting from Czm produced the highest yields (up to 11,297 kg/ha). The most leavily blighted hybrid produced on 6,298 kg/ha at 15.5 per cent moisture. The identification of hybrids adapted to Virginia conditions with higher levels of GLS resistance has consistently resulted in 20 to 60 percent yield increases over more susceptible hybrids.
Impacts
Use of gray leaf spot resistant hybrids identified by this project saves Virginia corn farmers nearly $16 million per year in potential grain losses to GLS on approximately 121,000 ha.
Publications
- Stromberg, E.L. and C.C. Kenley. 2006. Resistance and grain yield of corn hybrids under natural gray leaf spot pressure, Montgomery Co., VA 2005. Bio. Cult. Control Tests. Report No. 21:FC005
- Stromberg, E.L. and C.C. Kenley. 2006. Evaluation of foliar fungicides for the control of gray leaf spot in Virginia, 2005. Fungic. Nematic. Tests. Report No.61:FC061.
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Progress 10/01/04 to 09/30/05
Outputs
Gray leaf spot (GLS) of maize, caused by the fungus Cercospora zeae-maydis (Czm) has increased in incidence and sevrity with the adoption of no-tillage production practices. Serious losses have occurred sporatically in areas of the U.S. Cornbelt and more recently in southern 2/3's of the African Continent. In Virginia in 2005 nearly 2,000 elite maize hybrids and inbreds were evaluated for reaction to Czm under conditions highly conducive to GLS development at the University's research farm in Montgomery Co., VA. Fifteen elite hybrids were evaluated for disease reaction and agronomic traits. Yields ranged from 11,076 to 6207 kg/ha. Hybrids with the least blighting produced the highest yields. Identification of hybrids adapted to Virginia with higher levels of GLS resistance has consistently resulted in 20 to 60 percent yield increases over more susceptible widely grown hybrids.
Impacts
The acceptance and use of hybrids identified by this project as less susceptible have saved Virginia corn farmers nearly $15 million per year from grain losses due to GLS on approximately 121,000 ha.
Publications
- Stromberg, E.L. and Kenley, C.C. 2005. Resistance and agronomic characters of corn hybrids under natural gray leaf spot disease pressure, Montgomery Co., VA, 2005. Bio. Cult. Test Control Plant Dis. 20:FC006.
- Stromberg, E.L. and Kenley, C.C. 2005. Evaluation of foliar fungicides for the control of gray leaf spot of corn in Virginia, 2005. Fungic. Nematic. Tests 60:FC074
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Progress 10/01/03 to 09/30/04
Outputs
Gray leaf spot (GLS) of corn, caused by the fungus Cercospora zeae-maydis (Czm), has increased in incidence and severity with the adoption of no-tillage practices. Serious losses have occurred in large areas of the U.S. Cornbelt and more recently in the southern two thirds of the African Continent. In Virginia in 2004 nearly 1,500 elite maize hybrids, inbreds, segregating populations, and land races from the U.S. and Africa were evaluated for reaction to Czm under highly conducive to GLS development at the University research farm in Montgomery Co., VA. Twenty-seven elite hybrids were evaluated for disease reaction, agronomic traits, and grain yield at the University farm. These plots have just been harvested and the data are under analysis at this time. Hybrids with the least blighting from Czm produced the highest yields (up to 12,424 kg/ha). The most heavily blighted hybrid produced 8,123 kg/ha at 15.5 percent moisture. The identification of hybrids adapted to
Virginia conditions with higher levels of GLS resistance has consistently resulted in 20 to 60 percent yield increases over more susceptible widely grown hybrids.
Impacts
Use of grey leaf spot resistant hybrids identified by this project saves Virginia corn farmers nearly $15 million per year in potential grain losses due to GLS.
Publications
- Stromberg, E.L. and C.C. Kenley. 2004. Resistance and agronomic characters of corn hybrids under natural gray leaf spot disease pressure, Wythe Co., VA, 2003. Bio. Cult. Control Tests. Report 19:FC001.
- Stromberg, E.L. and C.C. Kenley. 2004. Resistance and agronomic characters of corn hybrids under natural gray leaf spot disease pressure, Montgomery Co., VA, 2003. Bio. Cult. Control Tests. Report 19:FC002.
- Stromberg, E.L. and C.C. Kenley. 2004. Evaluation of selected fungicides and biological agents for the control of fusarium head blight in Sisson soft red winter wheat in Virginia, 2003. Fungic. Nematic. Tests. Report 59:CF021.
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