Source: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA submitted to NRP
ECONOMIC, ENVIRONMENTAL AND FISCAL IMPACT ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURE, NATURAL RESOURCES AND AMENITY-BASED SERVICES IN FLORIDA
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
HATCH
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0198288
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2003
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2009
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
G022 MCCARTY HALL
GAINESVILLE,FL 32611
Performing Department
FOOD & RESOURCE ECONOMICS
Non Technical Summary
The economic impacts of various economic activities are increasingly being considered in the public policy arena. In Florida, rapid development has occurred in many areas without due process to planning, and natural landscape amenities that are the basis of the large tourism sector may be compromised. The purpose of this project is to evaluate economic, environmental and fiscal impacts of agricultural, natural resource and related amenity-based industries in Florida, in order to support development for economically efficient outcomes.
Animal Health Component
30%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
40%
Applied
30%
Developmental
30%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
6056199301030%
6086050301040%
6086110301030%
Knowledge Area
605 - Natural Resource and Environmental Economics; 608 - Community Resource Planning and Development;

Subject Of Investigation
6110 - Economy of the United States and sectors thereof; 6199 - Economy, general/other; 6050 - Communities, areas, and regions;

Field Of Science
3010 - Economics;
Goals / Objectives
1. To compile and maintain a comprehensive database on economic activity and total impacts of agricultural and natural resource-based commodities and service industries in Florida, 2. To conduct economic impact studies of agriculture, natural resource and amenity-based service industries, for various counties and regions of Florida, upon request of interested groups and as sponsored projects, 3.To develop models for estimating the environmental, resource use and local government fiscal impacts of agricultural and natural resource industries, that are tied to economic input-output models, 4. To periodically publish the results of these analyses as concise reports, in electronic form, suitable for constituent agricultural industry groups, policy-makers, regulators, UF/IFAS scientists, and the general public.
Project Methods
Agriculture and natural resource industry groups of primary interest include fruits and vegetables, livestock, ornamental plants, forest products, seafood products, food processing, manufacturing, distribution and associated service sectors, and tourism. Information on these industries in Florida will be compiled from various state and federal sources. Also, regional industry information and social accounts in the Implan data for Florida counties will be used. Where possible, secondary data will be augmented by primary survey data or focus groups, information from UF/IFAS commodity specialists, or consensus estimates gathered through personal interviews with knowledgeable industry representatives. Economic impact analysis of the agriculture and natural resource-based industries will be conducted within the framework of input-output analysis, a methodology which explicitly accounts for the economic linkages of national and local economies. Input-output models develop economic multipliers which reflect the direct, indirect and induced effects of specified changes in final demand, output or employment for any given industrial sector. Input-output models for individual counties, regions and the state of Florida will be constructed using the Implan Professional software and associated Florida databases licensed from MIG, Inc. Economic multipliers are available from the Implan system for economic measures of output, value added, employment, employee compensation, personal income, other proprietary income and indirect business taxes. Where possible, production functions and other technical coefficients of the input-output models will be adjusted using region-specific data such as enterprise budgets. Environmental discharges and resource consumption impacts of industry activities and household consumption will be evaluated by coupling Implan I-O models to vectors of industry-specific coefficients representing impacts per unit of total economic output. Use of fossil fuels (petroleum, natural gas, coal), electric power, minerals (e.g. nitrates, phosphates), water, and other material resources will be estimated for each industry sector from national input-output use and make tables, together with information from the Economic Census and National Energy Accounts. Discharges of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen and sulfur oxides, and methane will be estimated based on industry-specific consumption of fuels together with emission factors for each fuel and combustion technology. Discharges of toxic compounds will be taken from the EPA Toxics Release Inventory, which reports emissions for large manufacturing plants. The various pollutant emissions will we weighted to provide summary environmental indicators such as global warming potential, toxicity hazard or ecosystem pollutant loading, to the degree possible, given limitations in the science of environmental impact assessment.

Progress 10/01/03 to 09/30/09

Outputs
OUTPUTS: This research and extension program sought to provide information on the role and economic contribution of agricultural, natural resources industries and amenity-based services and activities on the economy of Florida. Economic impact analysis is an important tool for assessment of the structure, role and contribution of industries, activities and events, and for evaluation of the benefits of economic development projects and policies. Our work in this area relies upon the use of input-output models constructed with the Implan Professional software and associated databases, which represent the structure of regional economies, and provides economic multipliers to estimate the secondary impacts of industry purchases and employee household consumer spending. Analyses were conducted using the IMPLAN Professional software and associated databases (MIG, Inc). Results were typically presented in terms of changes in employment (full and part-time jobs), output (revenues), value added (income), and indirect business taxes. Projects were generally conducted with sponsored research funding or upon special request by qualified interest groups. Through the UF/FRED program in economic impact analysis, we have conducted research projects to evaluate a wide range of Florida's agricultural and natural resource-based activities, with in-depth sponsored projects conducted for major industries in Florida such as environmental horticulture, forestry, fisheries, aquaculture, citrus, bioenergy, nuclear power, healthcare, tourism, and golf. In addition, we have evaluated a variety of development projects, environmental restoration efforts, policies, institutions, and events in individual counties or regions of Florida and other states. Study reports are made available to the public on a program website (http://economicimpact.ifas.ufl.edu) and through the University of Florida/IFAS extension documents website (http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu). See the publications below for a complete listing of studies. Presentations of study results were made at local and regional meetings. Numerous consultations were also provided to local leaders in support of economic development efforts. Total funding of about $844,000 was obtained from sponsors for 30 separate projects under this research program. PARTICIPANTS: University of Florida Researchers: W. David Mulkey, Regional Economics (co-PI) Alan W. Hodges, Environmental Horticulture and Natural Resources (co-PI) Charles Adams, Marine Economics John Haydu, Environmental Horticulture Economics Robert Degner, Market Analysis Janaki Alavalapati, Forest Economics Edward Evans, South Florida Agriculture Thomas Spreen, Citrus Economics Thomas Stevens, Professional Staff Mohammad Rahmani, Professional Staff Researchers at Other Universities: Charles Hall, Texas A&M University Deacue Fields, Auburn University Marco Palma, Texas A&M University Project Sponsors: Auburn University, Auburn, AL Covanta Energy Dynamac Corporation, NASA Florida Department of Agriculture-Division of Forestry Florida Energy and Climate Commission Florida Forestry Association, Tallahassee, FL Florida Hospital Association Florida Nursery Growers and Landscape Association, Orlando, FL Florida Sod Growers Cooperative Florida Turfgrass Association Florida Wildlife Conservation Commission Horticulture Research Institute Hydromentia, Inc, Okeechobee, FL International Turfgrass Research Foundation, Rolling Meadows, IL PGA Tour, Inc., Ponte Vedra Beach, FL Progress Energy South Florida Water Management District Southeast Milk, Inc, Belleview, FL Southwest Florida Water Management District and Stanley Consultants Thomas J. Murray and Associates US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and National Marine Fisheries Service US Dept of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Ft. Lauderdale, FL US Dept of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Atlanta, GA US Dept of Agriculture, National Urban and Community Forestry Advisory Committee, Washington, DC USDA-CSREES West Coast Inland Navigation District World Golf Hall of Fame Foundation, St. Augustine, FL TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences for this project include: industry associations, state and local government policy makers, regulators, university researchers, extension professionals, and the public at-large. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
The primary outcome of this project is a greater awareness and understanding by government regulators, policy-makers, and the public at large about the economic importance of agriculture and natural resources and the role of these industries in local economic development. Feedback by sponsors and other clientele indicate that this information has been valuable for gaining public recognition and support, and for informing policy discussions concerning issues such as labor, land use, water quality, pesticide regulation, and international trade. The large number of accessions of electronic documents available indicate that this information is frequently sought by clientele.

Publications

  • Hodges, A.W. and J.J Haydu. Golf, Tourism and Amenity-Based Development in Florida. Journal of the American Academy of Business. 4/1-2, pp. 481-488, 2003.
  • Hodges, A.W. and J.J. Haydu. Economic Impacts of Drought on the Environmental Horticulture Industry. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE385, 10 p., May 2003.
  • Hodges, A.W. and J.J. Haydu. Economic Impacts of the Florida Environmental Horticulture Industry in 2005. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE675, 40 p., Oct. 2006.
  • Hodges, A.W. and J.J. Haydu. Golf, Tourism and Amenity-Based Development in Florida. International Business Research Conference 2/1, Miami Beach, FL, Dec. 2003.
  • Hodges, A.W. and M. Rahmani. Economic Impacts of Biomass-Fueled Electric Power Generating Plants in Selected Counties of the Southern United States. UF/IFAS, Jul. 2006.
  • Hodges, A.W. and W.D. Mulkey Economic Impacts of Agricultural and Natural Resource Industries in Florida, 2001. UF/IFAS, 5 p., Dec. 2004.
  • Hodges, A.W. and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impacts of the Agricultural and Natural Resource Industries in Florida, 2003. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE627, 13 p., Feb. 2006.
  • Adams, C.M., A.W Hodges, L.N. Sturmer and W.D. Mulkey. The economic impact of the Florida cultured hard clam industry. Journal of Applied Aquaculture 15,1/2 85-100, Jan., 2004.
  • Alavalapati, J.R., A.W. Hodges, P. Dwivedi, P. Lal, I. Kaufer, A. Susueta, T. Stevens and M. Rahmani. Southern bioenergy asset inventory and roadmap. Final report to Southeast Agriculture and Forestry Energy Resources Alliance, December 2008.
  • Brown, Mark T., Wes Ingwersen, David Pfahler, Noorie Rajvanshi, Heather Rothrock, Jason M. Evans, Alan W. Hodges and Puneet Dwivedi. Clean energy for Florida transportation: assessment of greenhouse gas emissions for selected renewable fuels. Final report to the Florida Energy and Climate Commission, 68 pages, August 2009.
  • Carter-Finn, K.L. and A.W. Hodges. Socio-economic Impacts of Controlling Melaleuca in South Florida. Wildland Weeds 9(4), pp. 23-25, Fall 2006.
  • Evans, E.A. and A.W. Hodges. Potential Impacts of Agritourism in South Miami-Dade County. UF-IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE637, 8 p., May 2006.
  • Hall, C.R, A.W. Hodges and J.J. Haydu. The Economic Impact of the Green Industry in the United States. HortTechnology, 16(2):345-356, 2006.
  • Hall, C.R., A.W. Hodges and J.J. Haydu. Economic Impacts of the Green Industry in the United States. University of Tennessee and UF-IFAS, 81 p., 2005.
  • Haydu J.J., A.W. Hodges and C.R. Hall. Economic Impacts of the Turfgrass and Lawncare Industry in the United States. UF-IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE632, 39 p., Apr. 2006.
  • Haydu, J.J., A.W. Hodges and C.R. Hall. Contribution of the Turfgrass Industry to the U.S. Economy. Twenty-second Australian Turfgrass Conference, 22(1):32-47, Brisbane, Australia, Jul. 2006.
  • Haydu, J.J., A.W. Hodges and C.R. Hall. Economic Impacts of the U.S. Golf Course Industry With A Closer Look at Florida. Twenty-second Australian Turfgrass Conference, 22(1):48-60, Brisbane, Australia, Jul. 2006.
  • Haydu, J.J., A.W. Hodges and C.R. Hall. Economic Impacts of the Turfgrass Industry in the United States. TurfNews, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp.52-56, May/June 2006.
  • Haydu, J.J., A.W. Hodges and C.R. Hall. Estimating the economic impact of the U.S. golf course industry: challenges and solutions. HortScience 43(3), pp. 759-763, June 2008.
  • Haydu, J.J., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impact of Agriculture in Florida. UF/IFAS. 6 p., 2003.
  • Haydu, J.J., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impact of Agriculture in Florida (Brochure), 2003.
  • Hodges, A.W. and C.M. Adams. Values Associated with the Apalachicola Bay Marine Economy. UF-IFAS, Int. Agriculture Trade and Policy Center publ. 03-3, 6 p., Mar. 2003.
  • Hodges, A.W. and E.A. Evans. Socioeconomic Impacts of Melaleuca Control in South Florida. Final report to US Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, 27 p., Dec. 2007.
  • Hodges, A.W., and W.D. Mulkey. Regional Economic Impacts of Floridas Agricultural and Natural Resource Industries. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE380, 21 p., Apr. 2003.
  • Hodges, A.W., C. R. Hall and J.J. Haydu. Economic impacts of the environmental horticulture industry in the United States. Southern Nursery Association Research Conference, 50:305-310, Aug. 2005.
  • Hodges, A.W., C.R. Hall and J.J. Haydu. The Big Green Machine. Ornamental Outlook vol. 36, p. 36, 2005.
  • Hodges, A.W., J.J. Haydu and C.R. Hall. Economic Impacts of the Turfgrass and Lawncare Industry in the United States, Southern Nursery Association Research Conference, vol. 51, pp. 261-269, Atlanta, GA, Aug. 2006.
  • Hodges, A.W., M. Rahmani and W.D. Mulkey. Economic contributions of Florida agriculture, natural resources, food and kindred product manufacturing, distribution and service industries in 2006. UF/IFAS EDIS document FE702, 23 pages, March 2008.
  • Hodges, A.W., M. Rahmani and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impacts of Agricultural, Food and Natural Resource Industries in Florida in 2004. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE680, 15 p., Dec. 2006.
  • Hodges, A.W., M. Rahmani and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impacts of the Florida Citrus Industry in 2003-04. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE633, 11p., Apr. 2006.
  • Hodges, A.W., T.J. Stevens and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impacts of the University of Florida and Affiliated Organizations, 2005-06. UF/IFAS EDIS document FE699, 21 p., Oct. 2007.
  • Hodges, A.W., W.D. Mulkey and T.J. Stevens. Economic Impact of Agriculture and Natural Resource Industries in the Suwannee River Basin of Florida.UF/IFAS, 10 p., Aug. 2004.
  • Hodges, A.W., W.D. Mulkey and T.J. Stevens. Economic Impact of the Southeast Livestock Pavilion in Marion County Florida, 2003. UF/IFAS, 6 p., Jan 2004.
  • Hodges, A.W., W.D. Mulkey, D.R. Carter and J.R. Alavalapati. Economic Impacts of the Forest Industry in Florida, 2003. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE538, 47 p., 2005.
  • Hodges, A.W., W.D. Mulkey, R. Muraro and T.H. Spreen. County Property Values and Tax Impacts of Florida's Citrus Industry. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE437, 6 p., Nov. 2003.
  • Hodges, A.W., W.D. Mulkey, T.H. Spreen and R.L. Clouser. Economic impacts of U.S. Sugar Corporation: implications of the purchase by the state of Florida. UF/IFAS EDIS document FE754, 10 pages, October 2008.
  • Hodges, Alan W. and Mohammad Rahmani. Economic contributions of Floridas agricultural, natural resource, food and kindred product manufacturing, distribution and service industries in 2007. EDIS document FE800, 28 pages, April 2009.
  • Hodges, Alan W. and Mohammad Rahmani. Economic contributions of hospitals in Florida. Final report to the Florida Hospital Association. University of Florida, Food & Resource Economics Department, 25 pages, April 2009.
  • Hodges, Alan W. and Mohammad Rahmani. Economic impacts of the Florida citrus industry in 2007-08. EDIS document FE802, 15 pages, July 2009.
  • Mulkey, W.D, A.W. Hodges, T.J. Stevens and F.M. Roka. Economic Impact of The C-43 Reservoir In Southwest Florida. Final report to South Florida Water Management District and Stanley Consultants, 31 p., Nov. 2004.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impact of Tyson Foods' Plant Closure in Northeast Florida, 2002. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE369, 4 p., Jan. 2003.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impact of the American Express Championship Golf Tournament at San Francisco, California, 2005. Final report to PGA Tour, 24 p., Jan. 2006.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Economic impact of the Players Championship Golf Tournament at Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida, 2005. Final report to PGA Tour, 21 p., 2005.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impacts of the World Golf Village Development for Northeast Florida and St. Johns County. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS), 48 p., Oct. 2006.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Florida Agriculture and the Vegetable Industry. UF/IFAS Int. Ag. & Trade Policy Center 03-2, 28 p, Feb. 2003.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges, and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impact of the Players Championship Golf Tournament at Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida, March 2005. UF/IFAS EDIS document FE698, 3 p., Oct. 2007.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges, M. Rahmani and W.D. Mulkey. Economic impact assessment of the proposed commercial launch complex at Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Final report to Dynamac Corporation, 23 pages, October 2008.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges, W.D. Mulkey and R.L. Kilmer. Economic contributions of the dairy farming and dairy product manufacturing industries in the southeast United States in 2005. UF/IFAS EDIS document FE731, 32 pages, August 2008.
  • Stevens, T.J., W.D. Mulkey and A.W. Hodges. Economic Impacts of Aquaculture in Alabama. Final report to Auburn University, Dec. 2006.
  • Mulkey, W.D., A.W. Hodges, T.J. Stevens, F.M. Roka and R.L. Degner. Economic impacts of an Everglades restoration project on southwest Florida. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS), 2005. Mulkey, W.D., T.J. Stevens, A.W. Hodges and C.M. Adams. Implan Based Impact Modeling For Commercial Fisheries On Floridas East Coast: Alternative Approaches and Recommendations. National Implan Users Conference, 25 p. Shepardstown, WV, Dec. 2004.
  • Rahmani, M., A. W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Profile and economic impacts of agriculture and natural resource industries in the Suwanee river basin counties of Florida. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE622, 25 p. 2005.
  • Mulkey, W.D., T.J. Stevens, A.W. Hodges and C.M. Adams. Implan-Based Modeling For Commercial Fisheries On Floridas East Coast: Alternative Approaches And Recommendations. Final report to the National Marine Fisheries Service, 42 p. University of Florida/IFAS, Gainesville, FL, 2005.
  • Rahmani, M. and A.W. Hodges. Economic impacts of a proposed corn-to-ethanol plant in Jackson County, Florida. Report to East Coast Ethanol, Inc., 6 pages, April 2008.
  • Rahmani, M. and A.W. Hodges. Economic impacts of a proposed wood-fueled power plant in Gainesville, Florida. Final report to Covanta Energy, 7 pages, April 2008.
  • Rahmani, M., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Profile and economic impacts of agriculture and natural resource industries in the northwest region of Florida. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE620, 36 p., 2005. Rahmani, M., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Profile and economic impacts of agriculture and natural resource industries in the central region of Florida. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE618, 36 p., 2005.
  • Rahmani, M., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Profile and economic impacts of agriculture and natural resource industries in the northeast region of Florida. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE619, 36 p., 2005.
  • Rahmani, M., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Profile and economic impacts of agriculture and natural resource industries in the south region of Florida. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE617, 36 p., 2005.
  • Rahmani, Mohammad and Alan Hodges. Economic contribution of electricity generation from woody biomass in the southern United States. Abstract in Proceedings of the 17th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition: From Research to Industry and Market, Hamburg, Germany, June 29-July 3, 2009.
  • Rahmani, Mohammad and Alan Hodges. Economic impacts of the Florida citrus industry in 2007-08. Program booklet for The International Citrus and Beverage Conference, Clearwater Beach, FL, Sept. 15-18, 2009.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey Economic Impact of Shands at Starke Hospital in Bradford County, Florida. Final report to Shands Hospital, 4 p., May 2004.
  • Stevens, T.J., W.D. Mulkey and A.W. Hodges. Economic Impacts of Tourism in Norfolk, Virginia 2005-06. Final report to Norfolk VA Visitors and Convention Bureau and UF Department of Recreation and Tourism, Aug. 2006
  • Stevens, Thomas J., Alan W. Hodges, Mohammad Rahmani, and Rodney L. Clouser. Economic and fiscal impacts of a nuclear power plant in Levy County, Florida. Final report to Progress Energy-Florida, Inc., University of Florida Project 77645, Food and Resource Economics Department, 80 pages, June 18, 2009.
  • Townsend, D., F.M. Roka, A.W. Hodges, M. Rahmani and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impact of Agriculture in Southwest Florida: 2000-2001 crop season. University of Florida/IFAS, Food and Resource Economics Dept, 12 p., Sep. 2004.
  • VanSickle, J.J. and A.W. Hodges. U.S. production trends and the impact of the Florida fresh market tomato industry to the economy of Florida. UF/IFAS EDIS document FE749, 6 pages, September 2008.
  • Zhang, J., J.R. Alavalapati, R. Shrestha, and A.W. Hodges. Economic impacts of closing national forests for commercial timber production in Florida and Liberty County. Journal of Forest Economics 10:207-223, 2005.


Progress 10/01/07 to 09/30/08

Outputs
OUTPUTS: This research and extension program seeks to provide information on the role and economic contribution of agricultural, natural resources and amenity-based industries and activities on the economy of Florida. Analyses are conducted using the IMPLAN Professional software and associated databases for states and counties (MIG, Inc). Results are typically presented in terms of changes in employment (full and part-time jobs), output (revenues), value added (income), and indirect business taxes. Projects are generally conducted with sponsored research funding or upon special request by qualified interest groups. Study reports are made available to the public on a program website and through the University of Florida/IFAS extension documents website (edis.ifas.ufl.edu). During FY 2007-08, economic impact studies were conducted for a variety of regional industries, commodities and proposed actions or policies: 1) The proposed buyout of U.S. Sugar Corporation by the state of Florida 2) Dairy farming and dairy products manufacturing industry in the southeast U.S. (Southeast Milk, Inc.) 3) Tomato farming in Florida 4) A corn-ethanol plant in Georgia 5) Socioeconomic impacts of the invasive species Melaleuca in south Florida 6) The U.S. golf industry 7) A new commercial launch facility at Kennedy Space Center (NASA) 8) A proposed nuclear power plant in Levy County, FL (Progress Energy) 9) Biomass power generation in the southern United States (Southeast Agriculture and Forestry Energy Resources Alliance) 10) An overview of agriculture, natural resources and related manufacturing, service and distribution industries in Florida (University of Florida Senior Vice President for Agriculture and Natural Resources) 11) Economic impacts of the University of Florida (University of Florida, Vice President of Marketing/Public Relations See the publications below for a complete listing of studies. Presentations of study results were made at local and regional meetings. Numerous consultations were also provided to local leaders in support of economic development efforts. Total funding of about $157,000 was obtained from sponsors for this research program. PARTICIPANTS: Collaborators who worked on this project were: Thomas J. Stevens, Post-doctoral research Associate,and Mohammad Rahmani, Coordinator of Economic Analysis. A partner organization was the University of Florida, School of Forest Resources and Conservation. TARGET AUDIENCES: Agricultural producers Natural resource professionals Private industry leaders Local government policy makers and administrators State government policy makers and administrators Environmental regulators University research colleagues PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
The expected outcome of this project is a greater awareness and understanding by government regulators, policy-makers, and the public at large about the importance of agriculture and natural resources for supporting local economic development. Feedback by sponsors and other clientele indicate that this information has been valuable for gaining public recognition, and for informing policy discussions concerning issues such as labor, land use, water quality, pesticide regulation, and international trade.

Publications

  • Alavalapati, J.R., A.W. Hodges, P. Dwivedi, P. Lal, I. Kaufer, A. Susueta, T. Stevens and M. Rahmani. Southern bioenergy asset inventory and roadmap. Final report to Southeast Agriculture and Forestry Energy Resources Alliance, December 2008.
  • Haydu, J.J., A.W. Hodges and C.R. Hall. Estimating the economic impact of the U.S. golf course industry: challenges and solutions. HortScience 43(3), pp. 759-763, June 2008.
  • Hodges, A.W. and E.A. Evans. Socioeconomic Impacts of Melaleuca Control in South Florida. Final report to US Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, 27 p., Dec. 2007.
  • Hodges, A.W., M. Rahmani and W.D. Mulkey. Economic contributions of Florida agriculture, natural resources, food and kindred product manufacturing, distribution and service industries in 2006. UF/IFAS EDIS document FE702, 23 pages, March 2008.
  • Hodges, A.W., T.J. Stevens and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impacts of the University of Florida and Affiliated Organizations, 2005-06. UF/IFAS EDIS document FE699, 21 p., Oct. 2007.
  • Hodges, A.W., W.D. Mulkey, T.H. Spreen and R.L. Clouser. Economic impacts of U.S. Sugar Corporation: implications of the purchase by the state of Florida. UF/IFAS EDIS document FE754, 10 pages, October 2008.
  • Rahmani, M. and A.W. Hodges. Economic impacts of a proposed corn-to-ethanol plant in Jackson County, Florida. Report to East Coast Ethanol, Inc., 6 pages, April 2008.
  • Rahmani, M. and A.W. Hodges. Economic impacts of a proposed wood-fueled power plant in Gainesville, Florida. Final report to Covanta Energy, 7 pages, April 2008.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges, and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impact of the Players Championship Golf Tournament at Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida, March 2005. UF/IFAS EDIS document FE698, 3 p., Oct. 2007.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges, M. Rahmani and W.D. Mulkey. Economic impact assessment of the proposed commercial launch complex at Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Final report to Dynamac Corporation, 23 pages, October 2008.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges, W.D. Mulkey and R.L. Kilmer. Economic contributions of the dairy farming and dairy product manufacturing industries in the southeast United States in 2005. UF/IFAS EDIS document FE731, 32 pages, August 2008.
  • VanSickle, J.J. and A.W. Hodges. U.S. production trends and the impact of the Florida fresh market tomato industry to the economy of Florida. UF/IFAS EDIS document FE749, 6 pages, September 2008.


Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/07

Outputs
Economic impact analysis is an important tool for assessment of the structure, role and contribution of industries, activities and events, and for evaluation of the benefits of economic development projects and policies. Much of my work in this area relies upon the use of input-output models constructed with the Implan Pro software and associated databases, which represent the structure of regional economies, and provide economic multipliers to estimate the secondary impacts of industry purchases and employee household consumer spending. Through the UF/FRED program in economic impact analysis, we have conducted research projects to evaluate a wide range of Florida's agricultural and natural resource-based activities, with in-depth sponsored projects conducted for major industries in Florida such as environmental horticulture, forestry, fisheries, citrus, healthcare, tourism, golf and mixed residential-commercial planned unit development. In addition, we have evaluated a variety of development projects, institutions and events in individual counties or regions of Florida and other states. Agriculture, food manufacturing and natural resources are major sectors of the Florida economy, with total output (revenue) impacts approaching $100 billion annually. Many people, especially urban dwellers and recent immigrants, are not aware of its historic and ongoing importance, which sometimes leads to conflicts over resource use and enactment of public policies that may be harmful to the industry. The objective of this extension program is to provide information on the role and economic contribution of these basic industries and related activities and events, in order to achieve greater awareness and understanding by government regulators, policy-makers, and the public at large. Extension publications in this program area are made publicly available on a program website (http://economicimpact.ifas.ufl.edu). Many smaller studies and consultations have also been provided in support of local economic development efforts. I conducted training workshops on economic impact analysis for UF/IFAS county extension faculty. I have also been involved with the UF/IFAS Agriculture Awareness Initiative and county extension faculty to identify educational needs and develop region-specific information products to enhance public knowledge about agriculture. Since 2005, a total of $160,000 in funding has been received for this program.

Impacts
This work is extensively used by University of Florida administration, by industry associations, and allied professionals, to evaluate industry trends and market opportunities, to assess the impact of regulatory actions, and inform policy debates around proposed legislation and funding decisions. Economic impact studies conducted at the request of some of the major industries in Florida, such as citrus, forestry, environmental horticulture, golf and tourism, have demonstrated the economic contributions of these industries in terms of employment (jobs), value added (income) and output (sales revenues). Feedback by industry sponsors indicates that this information has been valuable for gaining public recognition and in obtaining fair consideration on issues such as labor, land use, water quality, pesticide regulation, and international trade.

Publications

  • Rahmani, M., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Profile and economic impacts of agriculture and natural resource industries in the northwest region of Florida. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE620, 36 p., 2005. Rahmani, M., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Profile and economic impacts of agriculture and natural resource industries in the south region of Florida. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE617, 36 p., 2005.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Economic impact of the Players Championship Golf Tournament at Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida, 2005. Final report to PGA Tour, 21 p., 2005.
  • Adams, C.M., A.W Hodges, L.N. Sturmer and W.D. Mulkey. The Economic Impact of the Florida Cultured Hard Clam Industry. Journal of Applied Aquaculture 15,1/2 85-100, Jan., 2004.
  • Evans, E.A. and A.W. Hodges. Potential Impacts of Agritourism in South Miami-Dade County. UF-IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE637, 8 p., May 2006.
  • Haydu J.J., A.W. Hodges and C.R. Hall. Economic Impacts of the Turfgrass and Lawncare Industry in the United States. UF-IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE632, 39 p., Apr. 2006.
  • Haydu, J.J., A.W. Hodges and C.R. Hall. Economic Impacts of the Turfgrass Industry in the United States. TurfNews, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp.52-56, May/June 2006.
  • Haydu, J.J., A.W. Hodges and C.R. Hall. Contribution of the Turfgrass Industry to the U.S. Economy. Twenty-second Australian Turfgrass Conference, 22(1):32-47, Brisbane, Australia, Jul. 2006.
  • Haydu, J.J., A.W. Hodges and C.R. Hall. Economic Impacts of the U.S. Golf Course Industry With A Closer Look at Florida. Twenty-second Australian Turfgrass Conference, 22(1):48-60, Brisbane, Australia, Jul. 2006.
  • Hodges, A.W. and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impacts of the Agricultural and Natural Resource Industries in Florida, 2003. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE627, 13 p., Feb. 2006.
  • Hodges, A.W., J.J. Haydu and C.R. Hall. Economic Impacts of the Turfgrass and Lawncare Industry in the United States, Southern Nursery Association Research Conference, vol. 51, pp. 261-269, Atlanta, GA, Aug. 2006.
  • Hodges, A.W., M. Rahmani and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impacts of Agricultural, Food and Natural Resource Industries in Florida in 2004. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE680, 15 p., Dec. 2006.
  • Hodges, A.W., M. Rahmani and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impacts of the Florida Citrus Industry in 2003-04. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE633, 11p., Apr. 2006.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impact of the American Express Championship Golf Tournament at San Francisco, California, 2005. Final report to PGA Tour, 24 p., Jan. 2006.
  • Stevens, T.J., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Economic Impacts of the World Golf Village Development for Northeast Florida and St. Johns County. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS), 48 p., Oct. 2006.
  • Stevens, T.J., W.D. Mulkey and A.W. Hodges. Economic Impacts of Aquaculture in Alabama. Final report to Auburn University, Dec. 2006.
  • Stevens, T.J., W.D. Mulkey and A.W. Hodges. Economic Impacts of Tourism in Norfolk, Virginia 2005-06. Final report to Norfolk VA Visitors and Convention Bureau and UF Department of Recreation and Tourism, Aug. 2006.
  • Hall, C.R., A.W. Hodges and J.J. Haydu. Economic Impacts of the Green Industry in the United States. University of Tennessee and UF-IFAS, 81 p., 2005.
  • Hodges, A.W., W.D. Mulkey, D.R. Carter and J.R. Alavalapati. Economic Impacts of the Forest Industry in Florida, 2003. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE538, 47 p., 2005.
  • Mulkey, W.D., A.W. Hodges, T.J. Stevens, F.M. Roka and R.L. Degner. Economic impacts of an Everglades restoration project on southwest Florida. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS), 2005.
  • Mulkey, W.D., T.J. Stevens, A.W. Hodges and C.M. Adams. Implan-Based Modeling For Commercial Fisheries On Florida's East Coast: Alternative Approaches And Recommendations. Report to the National Marine Fisheries Service, 42 p. University of Florida/IFAS, Gainesville, FL, 2005.
  • Rahmani, M., A. W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Profile and economic impacts of agriculture and natural resource industries in the Suwanee river basin counties of Florida. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE622, 25 p. 2005.
  • Rahmani, M., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Profile and economic impacts of agriculture and natural resource industries in the central region of Florida. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE618, 36 p., 2005.
  • Rahmani, M., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. Profile and economic impacts of agriculture and natural resource industries in the northeast region of Florida. UF/IFAS, Electronic document (EDIS) FE619, 36 p., 2005.
  • Hodges, A.W. and J.J. Haydu, J.J. Growth and Resilience in Floridas Green Industry Industry. Southern Nursery Association Research Conference Proceedings, Atlanta, GA, Aug. 2007.
  • Hall, C.R, A.W. Hodges and J.J. Haydu. The Economic Impact of the Green Industry in the United States. Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin, 2007.
  • Haydu, J.J, A.W. Hodges and C.R. Hall. Sales, Value Added and Employment Impacts of the United States Sod Production Industry. Journal of Environmental Horticulture, June 2007.
  • Hodges, A.W and J.J. Haydu. Growth and Challenges in Floridas Environmental Horticulture Industry. HortTechnology 17(3): 12-26, July 2007.
  • Hall, C.R, A.W. Hodges and J.J. Haydu. The Economic Impact of the Green Industry in the United States. HortTechnology, 16(2):345-356, 2006.
  • Zhang, J., J.R. Alavalapati, R. Shrestha, and A.W. Hodges. Economic impacts of closing national forests for commercial timber production in Florida and Liberty County. Journal of Forest Economics 10:207-223, 2005.


Progress 10/01/03 to 09/30/04

Outputs
During this period, economic impact studies were conducted for a variety of agricultural and natural resource-based industries in Florida and the United States, described as follows. * Forest products industry in Florida. This project was funded by the Florida Forestry Association. A survey of forest landowners, forest product manufacturers and forestry service businesses was conducted to document values for forest products and services produced in 2003. Regional economic impacts were evaluated with the Implan software. Total economic impacts were estimated at $16.5 billion in output, $7.5 billion in value added, and employment impacts of 133 thousand jobs. Results were detailed for four regions and Florida's 67 counties. Values were also estimated for forest-based recreation and tourism, and environmental benefits such as carbon sequestration by forests. * Impact modeling of commercial fisheries on the Atlantic coast of Florida. This project funded by NMFS/NOAA sought to develop an appropriate methodology for evaluation of regional economic impacts of fisheries regulations, as required by NEPA. The report recommended using the Implan system, with modifications to reflect 7-10 additional fishery harvesting sectors based on gear technology. It was concluded that a state-level model is appropriate for the purpose of fisheries regulation. Also, the need was indicated for marketing studies to document product flows through trade and processing sectors. * Economic impact analysis of agriculture and natural resources in Florida. This project was conducted to update estimates for Florida using 2001 and 2002 economic data from Implan, and augmented with information from the Census of Agriculture. Approximately 100 industry sectors in Implan were identified as having a relationship to agriculture and natural resources, with associated services and value added processing or manufacturing. Separate reports were done for the Suwannee Valley region of North Florida and for the Southwest Florida region, an area of concern due to rapid development.

Impacts
This work is extensively used by University of Florida administration, by industry associations, and allied professionals, to evaluate industry trends and market opportunities, to assess the impact of regulatory actions, and inform policy debates around proposed legislation and funding decisions.

Publications

  • Zhang, Jian, J.R. Alavalapati, R.K. Shrestha, and A.W. Hodges. 2004. Economic Impacts of Closing National Forests for Commercial Timber Production in Florida and Liberty County. Journal of Regional Science, Accepted for publication.
  • Hodges, A.W., W.D. Mulkey, J.R. Alavalapati, D. Carter and C.F. Kiker. 2004. Economic Impact of the Forest Industry in Florida, 2003. Report to the Florida Forestry Association, Dec. 2004, 48 pages.
  • Mulkey, W.D., T. Stevens, A.W. Hodges and C.Adams. 2004. Implan Based Impact Modeling For Commercial Fisheries On Floridas East Coast: Alternative Approaches and Recommendations. Final Report to the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Dec. 2004, 37 pages.
  • Lee, D.J. and A.W. Hodges. 2004. The Effect of Federal Water System Management on Floridas Agricultural Industry. Final Report to United States Department Of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Dec 2004, 34 pages.
  • Mulkey, W.D, A.W. Hodges, T.J. Stevens III and F.M. Roka. 2004. Economic Impact Of The C-43 Reservoir In Southwest Florida, Interim Report. University of Florida, Food and Resource Economics Department. November 30, 2004, 31 pages.
  • Hodges, A.W. and W.D. Mulkey Economic Impacts of Agricultural and Natural Resource Industries in Florida, 2001. 2004. University of Florida/IFAS, Food & Resource Economics Department Report, December 8, 2004, 5 pages.
  • Stevens, T., A.W. Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. 2004. Economic Impact of Shands at Starke Hospital in Bradford County, Florida. University of Florida/IFAS, Food and Resource Economics Department, May 5, 2004, 4 pages.
  • Townsend, D., F. Roka, A. Hodges, M. Rahmani, W.D. Mulkey. 2004. Economic Impact of Agriculture in Southwest Florida: 2000-2001 crop season. University of Florida/IFAS, Food and Resource Economics Dept., Gainesville, September 2004, 12 pages.
  • Hodges, A.W., W.D. Mulkey and T. Stevens. 2004. Economic Impact of the Ocala Livestock Pavilion, Marion County Florida, 2003. University of Florida/IFAS, Food and Resource Economics Department, January 26, 2004, 6 pages.
  • Stevens, T., A.Hodges and W.D. Mulkey. 2004. Regional Economic Impact of Closure of Perdue Farms Chicken Processing Plant in DeFuniak Springs, Florida. University of Florida/IFAS, Food and Resource Economics Department, April 1, 2004, 5 pages.
  • Hodges, A.W., W.D. Mulkey and T. Stevens. 2004. Economic Impact of Agriculture and Natural Resource Industries in the Suwannee River Basin of Florida. University of Florida/IFAS, Food and Resource Economics Department, August 20, 2004, 10 pages.