Source: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY submitted to NRP
A NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL PROGRAM: CLEARANCE OF CHEMICALS AND BIOLOGICS FOR MINOR OR SPECIAL USES/PESTICIDES (QA SUPPORT FOR ARS IR-4 PROGRAM)
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
OTHER GRANTS
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0196611
Grant No.
2003-39495-13552
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
2003-05080
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Aug 1, 2003
Project End Date
Jul 31, 2005
Grant Year
2003
Program Code
[MH.1]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY
3 RUTGERS PLZA
NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08901-8559
Performing Department
INTERREGIONAL PROJECT
Non Technical Summary
ARS does not have sufficient funds and personnel to cover Quality Assurance at all of the IR-4 locations. The IR-4 Program is funded through USDA-CSREES Special Grants. ARS relies on IR-4 Headquarters (located at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey) and three of the IR-4 regional operations to assume the cost of conducting field and laboratory audits, field monitoring and auditing responsibilities and provide Quality Assurance support during EPA Office of Compliance inspections. To provide Quality Assurance (QA) for ARS locations participating in the IR-4 Program "A National Agricultural Program: Clearance of Chemicals and Biologics for Minor or Special Uses/Pesticides". In accordance with 40 CFR part 160, ensures that Good Laboratory Practices are used when conducting research studies that are intended to support applications for the use of pesticides regulated by EPA under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and the federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA). Quality Assurance inspections provide oversight and guarantee the research and records associated with the studies was conducted under Good Laboratory Practice.
Animal Health Component
100%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
100%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
71124103100100%
Knowledge Area
711 - Ensure Food Products Free of Harmful Chemicals, Including Residues from Agricultural and Other Sources;

Subject Of Investigation
2410 - Cross-commodity research--multiple crops;

Field Of Science
3100 - Management;
Goals / Objectives
1. Obtain minor use and specialty use pesticide clearances and assist in the maintenance of current registrations. 2. Further the development and registration of microbial and specific biochemical materials for use in pest management systems.
Project Methods
Needs are identified by the submission of requests from researchers and extension personnel, farmers, grower organizations and others through liaison representatives to the regional offices. Field research coordinators verify each clearance request and forwards it to IR-4 Headquarters where it is entered into a master list. At IR-4 regional and national workshops, state and federal scientists and other experts evaluate each proposed use and assign a priority based on need, registrants' interest, EPA evaluation, usefulness in IPM program, and safety to man, non-target organisms and the environment. All data and reports are reviewed by the regional staff for completeness and forwarded to IR-4 Headquarters. At IR-4 Headquarters, reports are reviewed for GLP compliance and formatted for submission to the EPA. To assist in development and registration of biological agents for use in pest management strategies on minor crops, project personnel solicit potential biopesticide clearance needs from public and private research organizations. Potential biochemical and microbial projects are peer reviewed by IR-4 personnel and outside experts.

Progress 08/01/03 to 07/31/05

Outputs
The mission of the IR-4 Project is to provide growers of specialty crops (fruits, vegetables, herbs, non-food ornamentals and other horticultural crops) with legal access to safe and effective pest management products. IR-4 Project activities also support the registration of pest management products for minor uses on major crops. During the start of the grant period, IR-4 was tracking a total of 8848 requests for assistance. The majority of these requests for assistance had been answered by prior activities. In 2003, 2004 and 2005 an additional 879 new requests for assistance were submitted. However, over 743 projects remained active and awaiting activity. To answer some of the requests, in 2003, IR-4 scheduled 671 new field trials that were intended to support 96 new requests. In 2004 an additional 632 field trials were initiated that covered 96 projects, followed by an additional 674 field trials covering 95 studies. These trials went out at the IR-4 Field Research Centers that are strategically located throughout the United States. The residue samples from the field trials were sent to the IR-4 analytical laboratories where they were analyzed. The residue data is reviewed and submitted to US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a pesticide petition. In 2003 through 2005, IR-4 submitted 368 tolerance petitions. When EPA approves a petition, they establish a tolerance that can be used to support the registration of the crop protection product by industry on the specialty crops. During the 36 month period this grant covered, (April 15 2003 to April 14, 2006), EPA established 563 pesticide tolerances which supports 2,739 new specialty crops registrations. Close to 80% of these new registrations were with products that had been classified by United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as Reduced Risk or with products what were deemed of having a lower risk profile and an integral part of an established Integrated Pest Management system. Additionally, IR-4 data were used by the crop protection industry to support the expansion of the registrations for ornamental. During 2003, 2004 and 2005, IR-4 conducted 2040 field trials which were used to support the addition of new crops and/or new pests to product registrations on ornamental crops. IR-4 other key objective is to support the registration of biologically based biopesticides that are regulated by EPA Biopesticide and Pollution Prevention Division. In 2003, IR-4 funded a total of 43 research projects, in 2003, 43 were funded and an additional 56 projects funded in 2005.

Impacts
Specialty Crops are collectively worth over $45 billion dollars at the farm gate. IR-4 accomplishments help protect these high value crops from destructive insect, plant diseases, weeds and other pests. The direct amount of economic benefit provided by IR-4 is difficult to determine. However, as a partial estimate, IR-4 has collected loss avoidance data in association with specific state use of certain pest management products on certain specialty crops. In 2003, 2004 and 2005, the loss avoidance value was $1.974, $1.375 and $1.682 billion dollars, respectively. Please note, the total loss avoidance value of IR-4 is likely several orders of magnitude higher.

Publications

  • Publications list for the termination year 2005 has been reported on project NJ27935.


Progress 01/01/04 to 12/31/04

Outputs
FOOD USES-Research conducted on 96 projects representing 762 trials. IR-4 food safety data submitted to EPA to support pest control solutions including new and Section 18 time limited tolerances representing 1014 clearances as follows: FUNGICIDE: Azoxystrobin/safflower; Cyprodinil/almond hulls, bean (dry, succulent), leafy greens subgroup except spinach; Fenbuconazole/blueberry; Fludioxonil/yam, leafy greens subgroup except spinach, bean, melon subgroup, citrus fruit, pome fruit, kiwifruit; Folpet/hops; Mancozeb/ginseng; Myclobutanil/beet (sugar), Propiconazole/pineapple, Pyraclostrobin/leaves of root and tuber vegetables, except sugar beet, leafy vegetables and Brassica vegetables, pome fruit, hop, edible podded legume subgroup, dried legume subgroup, mint, sunflower; Thiabendazole/lentil; Thiophanate-methyl/blueberry, citrus fruit, mushroom. HERBICIDE: Carfentrazone-ethyl/root and tuber vegetable, leaves of root and tuber vegetables, bulb vegetables, leafy vegetables except Brassica, Brassica leafy vegetables, legume vegetables, fruiting vegetables, okra, cucurbit vegetables, citrus fruit, pome fruit, stone fruit, berries, strawberry, grape, tree nut group, grass, sorghum, herbs and spices, hops, peanut, sugarcane, sunflower, stevia, coconut, date, fig, tropical fruit, lingonberry, juneberry, salal, kiwifruit, pomegranate, persimmon, pawpaw, palm heart, kava, ti, wasabi, cactus, rapeseed, mustard seed, flax seed, safflower seed, borage, olive, banana, cacao, tea, mulberry Indian, vanilla, coffee; Desmedipham/beet (garden); DCPA/herbs, celeriac, chicory (roots and tops), ginseng, radicchio, radish; Dimethenamid/tuberous and corm vegetable subgroup, bulb vegetables; Flumioxazin/grape, almond, pistachio, sugarcane, mint, bulb vegetables, tuberous and corm vegetable subgroup; Mesotrione/cranberry; S-Metolachlor/sweetpotato; Sulfentrazone/flax, strawberry. INSECTICIDES: Bifenazate/potato; Coumaphos/beehives; Diflubenzuron/alfalfa; Fenpyroximate/pome fruit; Imidacloprid/blueberry; Indoxacarb/cranberry; Methoxyfenozide/root vegetable subgroup, celeriac, leaves of root and tuber vegetables, turnip greens, edible, podded legume vegetable subgroup, bean subgroup, strawberry, cilantro, mint, tropical fruit; Pyriproxyfen/celery, strawberry; Sulfuryl Fluoride/tree nuts, dried fruit; Spiroxamine/hops; Tebufenozide/tuberous/corm except potato vegetable subgroup, citrus fruit, grape; Thiamethoxam/cranberry. ORNAMENTALS: IR-4 data were used to support 216 ornamental use registrations for pest control agents in a wide variety of nursery, floral, forestry and turf crops. BIOPESTICIDES: IR-4 data supported the following: Yeast hydrolysate/all RAC's; AF36/cotton; Bacillus subtilus QST713/bean (lima), squash, tomato; Bacillus pumilis QST2808/bean (lima, snap), potato, pumpkin, tomato; and Thymol/beehives. Currently funding research on 47 biopesticide projects. METHYL BROMIDE ALTERNATIVES-research conducted on candidates indicate that several treatments when either used alone or in various combinations could serve as viable replacements for methyl bromide.

Impacts
The successes/accomplishments of the IR-4 Program have been documented by the food use (1014) and ornamental (216) clearances obtained. The Section 18 Economic Benefits Project initiated in 2000 to capture potential economic impact (loss) information from state submitted Section 18 approvals supported by IR-4 residue data was continued. In 2004, the 2003 data were summarized and resulted in a $1.3 billion impact with 128 Section 18's bringing the six year total to $7.5 billion from 1998 to 2003. In 2002 and 2003, the EPA credited IR-4 with eliminating 112 Section 18's by conversion to full Section 3 labels. Since 1998, 143 Section 18's have been converted to full Section 3 labels. The number of Section 18's approved by the Agency using IR-4 data have dropped from a high of 180 in 2001 to 22 in 2004. This is the result of the high rate of Section 18 to Section 3 conversions and IR-4's 30-month completion goal which minimized the number of years that Section 18's are needed on new crop protection products before Section 3 labels are approved by the EPA. The number of food use clearances granted exceeded the previous 2003 record of 793 by 28%. Since 1999, IR-4 has obtained 45.5% of all the over 8300 food use clearances in the programs 41 year history.

Publications

  • Chen, H., B.A. Schneider, D.C. Thompson, D.L. Kunkel, J.J. Baron, and R.E. Holm. 2004. US Crop Grouping and International Harmonization. 2004 APS Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, July 31 - August 4, 2004.
  • Chen, H. and B.A. Schneider. 2004. Crop Grouping and its Impact on Risk Assessment. Lecture at EPA/OPP Risk Assessment Training and Certification Program. Training material DVD files. Washington, DC, July 22 & 28, 2004.
  • Dorschner, K., K. Tollerup, M. Rust, P. Phillips, and J. Klotz. 2004. Low-Toxicity Baits Control Ants in Citrus Vineyards and Grape Vineyards. California Agriculture, Vol. 58, No. 4 pp 213-217.
  • Ferrazoli, C. 2004. IR-4 Professional Directory. NJAES No P27200-05-04. 34 pages.
  • Arsenovic, M., F. P. Salzman, D. L. Kunkel, J. J. Baron. IR-4 Project: Herbicide Registration Update. 2004. Proc. North Eastern Weed Sci. Soc.,Vol. 58, p.140.
  • Arsenovic, M., F. P. Salzman, D. L. Kunkel, J. J. Baron. IR-4 Project: Update on Weed Control Project. 2004. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc.
  • Braverman, M.P. Biopesticide Research Report 2003. 221 pages. http://ir4.rutgers.edu//Binars/BPRsearchReport2003.pdf.
  • Braverman, M.P., D.L. Kunkel, J.J. Baron and R.E. Holm. 2004. Interregional Research Project No. 4 Program and Minor Crops: Developing Choices for Pest Resistance Management. IN: Management of Pesticide Resistance: Strategies Using Crop Management, Biotechnology and Pesticides. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology. No. 24, pp109-115.
  • Chen, H., J.J. Baron, D.L. Kunkel, R.E. Holm, B.A. Schneider, Y.S. Ng, D.J. Rosenblatt, and G.J. Herndon. 2004. Crop Grouping Project and International Collaboration. European centennial meeting of the Association of Applied Biologists. Oxford, UK. December 15-17, 2004.
  • Holm, R.E. and D.L. Kunkel. 2004. IR-4 Project Target Specialty Crops. California Agriculture. Volume 58, No. 2 pp 110-111.
  • Kunkel, D.L., M. Arsenovic, F.P. Salzman, M.P. Braverman, J.J. Baron, and R.E. Holm. 2004. IR-4: Forty Years of Providing Pest Management Solutions to Minor Crop Growers. Proc. NEWSS, Vol. 58, p.66.
  • Novack, S. 2004. IR-4 Newsletter Vol. 35 No. 1, January 2004.
  • Novack, S. 2004. IR-4 Newsletter Vol. 35 No. 2, April 2004.
  • Novack, S. 2004. IR-4 Newsletter Vol. 35 No. 3, July 2004.
  • Novack, S. 2004. IR-4 Newsletter Vol. 46 No. 4, October 2004.
  • Novack, S., and M.P. Braverman. 2004. "Beyond the Conventional Tour": IPM In Action.
  • Salzman, F.P., M. Arsenovic, and D. L. Kunkel. IR-4 Project: Weed Control Projects Update. 2004. Proc. Weed Sci. Soc.
  • Smith, D., H. Chen, and D.L. Kunkel. 2004. Pesticide Clearances for Small Acreage Crops in the Northeastern U.S. Northeastern Agronomy Soc. Meeting, Bordentown, NJ., July 2004
  • Smith, D., H. Chen, D. Kunkel, and B.A. Schneider. 2004. Crop Groupings from Efficient Pesticide Registration for Specialty Crops in the United States. 5th European Pesticide Residues Workshop. Book of Abstracts. June 13-16, 2004, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Starner, V. R., D.C. Thompson, H. Chen, and D.L. Kunkel. 2004. "Fungicide Registration Update from the IR-4 Project" October 2004 Northeastern Division of the American Phytopathology Society Meeting in State College, PA. Abstract.
  • Thompson, D. C., H. Chen, V. R. Starner, W. P. Barney and D.L. Kunkel. 2004. "IR-4 Fungicide Registration Update." August 2004 American Phytopathology Society Meeting in Anaheim, CA. Abstract.
  • Arsenovic, M., F.P. Salzman, D.L. Kunkel, M. P. Braverman, J. J. Baron, R.E. Holm, and R.M. Herrick. 2004. Weed Management in Minor Crops in North America. 4th International Weed Science Congress, Abstract Book, p. 7
  • Arsenovic, M., R.E. Holm, J. J. Baron, D.L. Kunkel, and M.P. Braverman. 2004. The IR-4 Project: a U.S. National Agricultural Program for Pest Management Solutions in Specialty Crops. 2004 Annual Meeting. Abstracts of Contributed Papers Northeastern Branch - American Society of Agronomy, page 7.
  • Arsenovic, M., F.P. Salzman, D.L. Kunkel, and J. Baron, and R.E. Holm. The IR-4 Project: Update on Herbicide Registration in Specialty Crops in the United States. Canadian Weed Science Soc. Meeting, 2004. In press.
  • Braverman, M.P., D.L. Kunkel, J.J. Baron and R.E. Holm. 2004. Grants and Regulatory Assistance: The IR-4 Biopesticide Program. Weed Science Society of America Abstracts. Vol. 44.
  • Braverman, M.P., D.L. Kunkel, J.J. Baron and R.E. Holm. 2004. Regulatory Considerations for Researchers of Natural Products. 226th Meeting American Chemical Society.


Progress 01/01/03 to 12/31/03

Outputs
FOOD USES-Research conducted on 96 projects representing 740 trials. IR-4 food safety data submitted to EPA to support pest control solutions including new and Section 18 time limited tolerances representing 793 clearances as follows: FUNGICIDE: Aspergillus flavus AF36/cotton; Azoxystrobin/artichoke, asparagus, brassica vegetables, herbs; Cymoxanil/ hop; Cyprodinil/caneberry subgroup, pistachio, watercress; Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil/brassica vegetables, bushberry, carrot, herbs, tropical fruit; Dimethomorph/leafy brassica vegetables, pepper, taro; Fenhexamid/ cherry, cucumber, fruiting vegetables, kiwi, lettuce, plum, stone fruits, Fludioxonil/pomegranate; Fosetyl-Al/green onion; Mancozeb/ginseng; Myclobutanil/hops; non-bell pepper; Propiconazole/dry bean, cranberry; Quinoxyfen/cherry, grape, hop; Sodium Chlorate/wheat; Spiroxamine/hop; Tebuconazole/barley, garlic; Thiophanate-methyl/fruiting vegetables; mushroom; Trifloxystrobin/petiole vegetables, root vegetables; Vinclozolin/canola. HERBICIDES: 2,4-D/wild rice; Carfentrazone/hop; Desmedipham/garden beet; Flumioxazin/sweetpotato; Imazamox/All RACs; Mesotrione/popcorn; Sethoxydim/pistachio, safflower; S-metolachlor/asparagus, bulb vegetables, carrot (muck), grass (seed), petiole vegetables, spinach, sweetpotato, tomato; Sulfentrazone/asparagus, bean (lima), cabbage, horseradish, mint, potato, sunflower; Terbacil/watermelon. INSECTICIDES: Bifenazate/cucurbit vegetables, fruiting vegetables, mint, okra, pistachio, tree nuts; Bifenthrin/ citrus, fruiting vegetables, greens (mustard), herbs (GH), leafy vegetables, okra, tomato; Buprofezin/avocado, beans (succulent), lime, lychee, pistachio; Cyromazine/ bean (lima), brassica vegetables, bulb vegetables, onion (green); Diflubenzuron/wheat, barley; Fenpyroximate/ pear; Hexythiazox/ date; Hydramethylnon/pineapple; Imidacloprid/artichoke, bean, dry; blueberry, cranberry, okra, pea, popcorn, root vegetables, southern pea, strawberry, stone fruit, tomato, tropical fruit, turnip roots and tops, watercress; Indoxacarb/peach; Lambda-cyhalothrin/barley, wild rice; Methoxyfenozide/bean (dry), cranberry, cucurbit vegetables, okra, turnip (tops); Pyriproxyfen/beans, fig, okra, tropical fruit; Spinosad/alfalfa, all RACs, bulb vegetables; Tebufenozide/garden beet, sweetpotato; Thiamethoxam/bean, hop, stone fruit, sunflower; Thymol/ beehives; RODENTICIDES: Zinc Phosphide/alfalfa, barley, bean, beet (sugar), grass (Timothy), potato, wheat. ORNAMENTALS-IR-4 data were used to support 812 ornamental use registrations for 44 pest control agents, including 7 biofungicides, in a wide variety of nursery, floral, forestry and turf crops. BIOPESTICIDES-IR-4 data supported the Section 3 registration for Aspergillus flavus AF36 on cotton and a Section 18 for use of Thymol in beehives and non-food uses Verticillium dahliae WCS 850 in American elm. Currently funding research on 48 biopesticide projects. METHYL BROMIDE ALTERNATIVES-research conducted on candidates indicate that several when either used alone or in various combinations could serve as viable replacements for methyl bromide.

Impacts
The successes/accomplishments of the IR-4 Program have been documented by the food use (793) and ornamental (821) clearances obtained. The Section 18 Economic Benefits Project initiated in 2000 to capture potential economic impact (loss) information from state submitted Section 18 approvals supported by IR-4 residue data was continued. In 2003, the 2002 data were summarized and resulted in a $1.3 billion impact with 134 Section 18's bringing the five year total to $5.7 billion from 1998 to 2002. In the EPA's 2003 fiscal year (10/1/02 to 9/30/03), IR-4 was credited with eliminating 95 of the 120 Section 18's or 80% by conversion to full Section 3 tolerances. EPA also credited IR-4 in FY 2003 with 12 of the 26 reduced risk classifications granted by the Agency and lowering the Reduced Risk/OP Alternatives petition turnaround time from 28 months in FY2002 to 18 months in FY 2003. A Review Team led by Charles Laughlin/retired USDA-CSREES Administrator conducted a comprehensive program review. The concluding thoughts from the Review Team's Report were: The IR-4 Program is a very good program and is integral to the future of U.S. minor crops. The Review Team's findings and suggestions are offered with the goal of growing a very good program to a great program. Every indication is that IR-4 is on the right trajectory.

Publications

  • Holm, R.E. 2003. The IR-4 Program: Meeting the U.S. Minor Crop Pest Control Challenge. Guest Editorial for Phytoparasitica. Volume 31, No. 3, pp 213-216. Kunkel, D. L., R. E. Holm and J. J. Baron. 2003. IR-4 Program, Providing Reduced Risk Products to Minor Crop Growers Through Partnerships with USDA, EPA, and the Crop Protection Industry. OECD Pesticide Risk Reduction Steering Group Seminar on Minor Uses and Risk Reduction Canberra, Australia.
  • Kunkel, D. L. 2003. Development of the EPA Work Plan. SQA Annual Meeting, Abstract.
  • Norton, Jack A. 2003. A Review of Potential Methyl Bromide Alternatives (MBA) From IR-4 MBA Programs. Proceedings 2003 Annual International Conference Methyl Bromide Alternatives and Emissions Reductions, San Diego, CA.
  • Frank, J.R. 2003. IR-4 Nursery Crop Pest Control During 2002. Proc. Southern Nursery Res. Conf. 47: 142-150.
  • Frank, J.R. 2003. The IR-4 Ornamental Research Program During 2002. WSSA Abstracts 43:72 (254).
  • Frank, J.R. 2003. The IR-4 Ornamental Research Program 1977-2002. Proc. 19th Society of American Florists Conference on Insect and Disease Management on Ornamentals. 19: 69-76.
  • Frank, J.R. 2003. 2002 IR-4 Ornamental Pest Control Research. Proc. Southern Nursery Res. Conf. 48: 146-152 (in press).
  • Frank, J.R. 2003. IR-4 Minor Use Report Card 2003 Update. Commercially Grown Floral, Forestry, Nursery, Christmas Tree and Turf Crops. 31 pp.
  • Hackett-Fields, K. 2003. Last Chance for Quality, The Final Report Audit. Proc. 19th Society of Quality Assurance Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C. October 16, 2003.
  • Novack, S. 2003. IR-4, EPA, USDA Group Gets Lesson On Ornamentals. Mid-Atlantic Grower. Vol. 5, No. 10, August 2003. pp 8, 19, 20.
  • Novack, S. IR-4 Newsletter. NJAES No. P-27200-03-03. 34(3) 12 pp.
  • Salzman, F. P., M. Arsenovic, M. Braverman, D. L. Kunkel, and J. J. Baron. 2003. The IR-4 Project: UpDate on Weed Control Projects. Weed Sci. Soc. Amer. 43:143.
  • Starner, V. R. 2003. Eastern Shore Floral and Nursery Crops - IR-4/EPA/USDA Field Tour June 2003 Tour Book. New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station Publication No. P-27200-06-03. 24 pp.
  • Starner, V. R. and S. Novack. 2003. Beyond the Appalachian Trail - IR-4/EPA/USDA Field Tour October 2003 Tour Book. New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station Publication No. P-27200-01-04. 29 pp.
  • Thompson, D.C., V.R. Starner, and H. Chen. 2003. IR-4 Fungicide Registration Update August 2003 American Phytopathology Society Meeting in Charlotte, NC. Abstract.
  • Braverman, M. P. , D.L. Kunkel, J.J. Baron, and R.E. Holm. 2003. Review of the IR-4 Biopesticide Program. Weed Science Society of America Abstracts. Vol 43 p. 28.
  • Braverman, M. P. , D.L. Kunkel, J.J. Baron, G. M. Markle and R.E. Holm. 2003. Harmonizing Herbicide Regulations in Asia-Pacific: Can it Happen? 19th Asian Pacific Weed Science Society. Manila, Philippines. Plenary paper. pp. 52-58.
  • Braverman, M. P. , D.L. Kunkel, J.J. Baron, and R.E. Holm. 2003. IR-4 Program for Registration of Biopesticides. 225th Meeting American Chemical Society. Abstract 48.
  • Braverman, M. P. , D.L. Kunkel, J.J. Baron, and R.E. Holm. 2003. The Interregional Research Project No. 4 Program and Minor Crops: Developing Choices for Pest Resistance Management. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology. Ames, IA. Chapter 5.9
  • Braverman, M. P. , D.L. Kunkel, J.J. Baron, and R.E. Holm. 2003. Grants and Regulatory Assistance: The IR-4 Biopesticide Program. 2003 American Phytopathological Society Meetings Abstract 46.
  • Braverman, M. P. , D.L. Kunkel, J.J. Baron, and R.E. Holm. 2003. Using Good Laboratory Practices in the Field. Workshop : Pesticide Residues and Mycotoxins Montoring in Vietnam. Vietnam Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Postharvest Technology and Office of Agriculture, U.S. Embassy Hanoi, Vietnam . 8 pages.
  • Chen, H. and D.C. Thompson. 2003. Issues Related With Registration - Crop Grouping and Efficacy Data. American Phytopathology Society Meeting. Abstract.
  • Chen, H., M. Kawate, D.C. Thompson, V.R. Starner and D. L. Kunkel. 2003. IR-4 Fungicide Study and Registration in Tropical Crops. 87th Annual APS-Pacific Division Meeting.
  • Ferrazoli, C.L. 2003. IR-4 Newsletter. NJAES No. P-27200-01-03. 34(1) 24 pp.
  • Ferrazoli, C.L. 2003. IR-4 Newsletter. NJAES No. P-27200-02-03. 34(2) 24 pp.
  • Frank, J.R. 2003. Ornamental Weed Control Research in the IR-4 Program During 2002. Proc. NEWSS 57:40.
  • Arsenovic, M. and D. L. Kunkel. 2003. The IR-4 Project - a U.S. National Agricultural Program for Pest Management Solutions in the United States - Herbicide Registration Update. European Weed Research Society Working Group: Weed Management Systems in Vegetables. Workshop in Poland, June 26-27, 2003, Abstracts, pp. 7-9.
  • Arsenovic, M., F. P. Salzman, M. P. Braverman, D. L. Kunkel, J.J. Baron, and R.E. Holm. 2003. IR-4 Project - Herbicide Registration Update. Proc Southern Weed Sci. Soc. (in press).
  • Arsenovic, M., F. P. Salzman, M. P. Braverman, D. L. Kunkel, J.J. Baron. 2003. The IR-4 Project - Update on Weed Control Projects. Proc. NEWSS Vol. 57, p. 87.
  • Arsenovic, M., F. P. Salzman, M. P. Braverman, D. L. Kunkel, J.J. Baron, and R. E. Holm. 2003.The IR-4 Project - A U.S. National Agricultural Program for Pest Management Solutions in the United States - Herbicide Registration Update. Proc. Canadian Weed Science Soc (in press).
  • Bellinder, R. R., M. Arsenovic, D. A. Shah, and B. J. Rauch. Effect of Weed Growth Stage and Adjuvant on the Efficacy of Fomesafen and Bentazon. 2003. Weed Science: Vol 51, No.6, pp. 1016-1021.