Progress 10/01/02 to 09/30/07
Outputs
Colorado State University scientists conducted research addressing current red meat (a) safety, (b) quality, and (c) marketing issues in 2007. Efforts to restore beef export trade continued following the 2003 detection of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in the U.S. Although several key export markets were re-opened to shipments of U.S. beef (e.g., Japan, Korea, etc.) in 2006, export volume remained low due to overly-restrictive trade terms concerning definitions for prohibited tissues and concerns regarding U.S. production practices as they relate to cross-contamination with Specified Risk Materials; research was conducted and reported to assist U.S. negotiators and domestic policy-makers as they address barriers to trade in beef. Prevalence of BSE in U.S. cattle has remained at two positive cows. Additionally, our group continued efforts to ascertain the best mechanisms by which meat processors may better control prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes on
ready-to-eat meats and E. coli O157:H7 on non-intact beef products; such technologies are rapidly being implemented by industry. We also continued efforts to better characterize cattle that do, versus cattle that do not, persistently shed E. coli O157:H7 using molecular and cell-culture techniques to better understand attachment efficacy among molecular subtypes of essentially equal virulence patterns. Red meat quality issues were addressed by continuing efforts to research lamb carcass instrument grading technology. In addition, research was completed on behalf of the beef checkoff to capture greater value from "non-conforming" beef carcasses; specifically those carcasses classified as dark cutters or as having excessively large or small ribeyes.
Impacts
Our research efforts will have resulted in adoption and implementation of beef carcass instrument grading by USDA and industry by the end 2008, improved marketing opportunities for non-conforming beef carcasses, greater trade access for U.S. beef, reduced distortion in policies associated with control of BSE, and safer meat products.
Publications
- Rovira, P. J., J. A. Scanga, T. Grandin, K. L. Hossner, R. S. Yemm, K. E. Belk, J. D. Tatum, J. N. Sofos, and G. C. Smith. 2007. Central nervous system tissue contamination of the circulatory system following humane cattle stunning procedures. Food Prot. Trends. 27:524-529.
- Formato, G., I. Geornaras, I. M. Barmpalia, P. N. Skandamis, K. E. Belk, J. A. Scanga, P. A. Kendall, G. C. Smith, and J. N. Sofos. 2007. Effect of acid adaptation on growth during storage at 10 degrees C and resistance to simulated gastric fluid of Listeria monocytogenes inoculated onto bologna formulated with or without antimicrobials. J. Food Prot. 70:65-69.
- Lianou, A., I. Geornaras, P. A. Kendall, K. E. Belk, J. A. Scanga, G. C. Smith, and J. N. Sofos. 2007. Fate of Listeria monocytogenes in commercial ham, formulated with or without antimicrobials, under conditions simulating contamination in the processing or retail environment and during home storage. J. Food Prot. 70:378-385.
- Heller, C. E., J. A. Scanga, J. N. Sofos, K. E. Belk, W. Warren-Serna, G. R. Bellinger, R. T. Bacon, M. I Rossman, and G. C. Smith. 2007. Decontamination of beef subprimal cuts intended for blade-tenderization or moisture-enhancement. J. Food Prot. 70:1174-1180.
- Geornaras, I., Y. Yoon, K. E. Belk, G. C. Smith, and J. N. Sofos. 2007. Antimicrobial activity of ε-Polylysine against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes in various food extracts. J. Food Sci. 72:M330-M334.
- Skandamis, P. N., J. D. Stopforth, P. A. Kendall, K. E. Belk, J. A. Scanga, G. C. Smith, and J. N. Sofos. 2007. Modeling the effect of inoculum size and acid adaptation on growth/no growth interface of Escherichia coli O157:H7. Intl. J. Food Microbiol. 120:237-249.
- Bowling, M.B., R.S. Yemm, K.E. Belk, J.N. Sofos, G.C. Smith and J.A. Scanga. 2008. An evaluation of central nervous system cross-contamination due to carcass splitting in commercial beef-packing plants. J. Food Prot. 71:83-92. Denotes that a graduate student was the principal author.
|
Progress 01/01/06 to 12/31/06
Outputs
Colorado State University scientists conducted research addressing current red meat (a) safety, (b) quality, and (c) marketing issues in 2006. Efforts to restore beef export trade continued following the 2003 detection of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in the U.S. Although several key export markets were re-opened to shipments of U.S. beef (e.g., Japan, Korea, etc.) in 2006, export volume remained low due to overly-restrictive trade terms concerning definitions for prohibited tissues; research was initiated to assist U.S. negotiators and domestic policy-makers in clarifying such definitions. Prevalence of BSE in U.S. cattle has remained at two positive cows since initiation of enhanced surveillance in June of 2004. Additionally, our group conducted a study to better characterize cattle that do, versus cattle that do not, persistently shed E. coli O157:H7 using molecular techniques; this research resulted in isolation of E. coli O157:H7 molecular subtypes from
a larger population that displayed relatively greater attachment efficacy than less prevalent subtypes. CSU researchers continue to conduct a substantial amount of research geared towards addressing prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat meat products. Over time, food safety efforts continue to generate reduced prevalence of food-borne pathogens on meat as documented by USDA-FSIS and CDC. Red meat quality issues were addressed by completing efforts to characterize postmortem aging patterns and tenderness improvement of 18 beef muscles, resulting in NCBA Guidelines for Beef Aging.
Impacts
Efforts to research beef carcass instrument grading technology resulted in significant advancements during 2006; USDA-AMS now has approved video image analysis (VIA) instruments for official measurement of ribeye area (REA) and marbling scores, as well as for official application of Yield Grades. Commercial adoption of instrument augmentation for purposes of beef carcass grade application is anticipated to be widespread in 2007.
Publications
- Reddy, M. C. S., Hossner, K.L., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Yemm, R.S., Sofos, J.N., and Smith, G.C. 2006. Detection of central nervous system tissue on meat and carcass-splitting band saw blade surfaces using modified fluorescent glial fibrillary acidic protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay sampling and extraction procedures. J. Food Prot. 69:1966-1970.
- Choat, W. T., Paterson, J.A., Rainey, B.M., M. King, C., Smith, G.C., Belk, K.E., and Lipsey, R.J. 2006. The effects of cattle sex on carcass characteristics and longissimus muscle palatability. J. Anim. Sci. 84:1820-1826.
- Gruber, S. L. , Tatum, J.D., Scanga, J.A., Chapman, P.L., Smith, G.C., and Belk, K.E. 2006. Effects of postmortem aging and USDA quality grade on Warner-Bratzler shear force values of seventeen individual beef muscles. J. Anim. Sci. 84:3387-3396.
- Geornaras, I., Skandamis, P.N., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Kendall, P.A., Smith, G.C., and Sofos, J.N. 2006. Postprocess control of Listeria monocytogenes on commercial frankfurters formulated with and without antimicrobials and stored at 10 degrees C. J. Food Prot. 69:53-61.
- Woerner, D. R., Ransom, J.R., Sofos, J.N., Dewell, G.A., McCurdy, K.S., Smith, G.C., Salman, M.D., and Belk, K.E. 2006. Determining the prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 in cattle and beef from the feedlot to the cooler. J. Food Prot. 69:2824-2827.
- Ashton, L. V., Geornaras, I., Stopforth, J.D., Skandamis, P.N., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Smith, G.C., and Sofos, J.N. 2006. Fate of inoculated Escherichia coli O157:H7, cultured under different conditions, on fresh and decontaminated beef transitioned from vacuum to aerobic packaging. J. Food Prot. 69:1273-1279.
- Stopforth, J. D., Skandamis, P.N., Ashton, L.V., Geornaras, I., Kendall, P.A., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Smith, G.C., and JSofos, J.N. 2006. Impact of inoculum preparation and storage conditions on the response of Escherichia coli O157:H7 populations to undercooking and simulated exposure to gastric fluid. Appl. Envir. Micro. 72:672-679.
- Hossner, K. L., Yemm, R.S., Sonnenshein, S.E., Mason, G.L., Cummings, B.A., Reddy, M.C.S., Sofos, J.N., Scanga, J.A., Tatum, J.D., Smith, G.C., and Belk, K.E. 2006. Comparison of Immunochemical (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and Immunohistochemical methods for the Detection of Central Nervous System Tissue in Meat Products. J. Food Prot. 69:644-650.
- Simpson, C. A., Ransom, J.R., Scanga, J.A., Belk, K.E., Sofos, J.N., and Smith, G.C. 2006. Changes in microbiological populations on beef carcass surfaces exposed to air- or spray-chilling and characterization of hot box practices. Food Prot. Trends. 26:226-235.
- Tatum, J. D., Belk, K.E., Field, T.G., J. A. Scanga, and G. C. Smith. 2006. Relative importance of weight, quality grade, and yield grade as drivers of beef carcass value in two grid-pricing systems. Prof. Anim. Sci. 22:41-47.
- Woerner, D. R., J. R. Ransom, Sofos, J.N., Scanga, J.A., Smith, G.C., and Belk, K.E. 2006. Preharvest processes for microbial control in cattle. Food Prot. Trends. 26:393-400.
- Childs, K. D., Simpson, C.A., Warren-Serna, Bellenger, W.G., Centrella, B., Bowling, R.A., Ruby, J. Stefanek, J., Vote, D.J., Choat, T., Scanga, J.A., Sofos, J.N., Smith, G.C., and Belk, K.E. 2006. Molecular characterization of Escherichia coli O157:H7 hide contamination routes: feedlot to harvest. J. Food Prot. 69:1240-1247.
|
Progress 01/01/05 to 12/31/05
Outputs
On December 23, 2003, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) was detected in an imported dairy cow in Mabton, Washington. A second domestic case of BSE was detected in Texas (June 2005). The Program in Meat Science thus allocated substantial effort to address marketing and food safety issues associated with discovery of BSE in the U.S., including a collaborative focus with the Federal government and trade organizations to restore U.S. beef exports. Food safety issues associated with Specified Risk Material (SRM) cross-contamination of beef was addressed by conducting three field studies; efforts in this area will continue in 2006. Pre- and post-harvest microbiological food safety continued to be emphasized, and several separate studies were conducted in 2005 in these regards. Red meat quality issues were addressed by extending efforts to characterize postmortem tenderness improvement for 18 beef carcass muscles, by researching the impact of Optiflex on beef quality,
and by assisting the private sector and government with implementation of beef carcass instrument grading technology. Economic analysis of data from national consumer surveys evaluated consumer value of beef attributes. A 2003 survey was used to assess value of country-of-origin labeling (COOL) for meat products; consumers appear very concerned about food safety issues. Consumer WTP for Certified U.S. products was relatively low, but above expected implementation costs. Data from a 2004 survey were used to determine market segments for natural beef products; multiple segments of consumers exist that are likely to purchase natural beef, and different segments are motivated by different factors. One segment of consumers ranked importance of all production attributes lower than the sample average, while another segment appeared to be altruistic, ranking all production attributes such as no antibiotics significantly higher. The probability that a consumer would pay a premium for natural
and regionally produced beef products was estimated and depends on purchase behavior/shopping location, stated importance of production attributes, and awareness/interest in private and civic agricultural issues. These studies illustrate the types of market research that are useful for beef producers seeking value-added marketing opportunities, and portray the types of consumers who are fueling the growth in natural meats in the U.S. Such market analysis can facilitate producers ability to effectively develop product concepts, labeling and promotional strategies targeted at the most receptive consumer segments.
Impacts
Beef trade with Japan and Hong Kong was restored in December 2005. Over time, food safety efforts have continued to generate reduced prevalence of food-borne pathogens on meat as documented by USDA-FSIS and CDC, and human prevalence of vCJD due to ingestion of contaminated beef remains extremely low globally. Instrument grading efforts will result in national implementation of USDA Yield and Quality Grading using video imaging technology by 2007. These results indicate the potential strength of production methods (and marketing of such quality differences) as product differentiation criteria. Additional analysis with the data was used to estimate the probability that a consumer will purchase and pay a premium for two natural and regionally produced beef products - ribeye steak and ground beef. Results indicate the probability a consumer will pay a premium depends on purchase behavior and shopping location, stated importance of production attributes, awareness and
interest in private and civic agricultural issues. This research illustrates the type of market research that may be useful for beef producers seeking value-added marketing opportunities, and portrays the types of consumers who are fueling the growth in natural meats in the United States. Such market analysis can facilitate producers ability to effectively develop product concepts, labeling and promotional strategies targeted at the most receptive consumer segments, and illustrates that there is more than one type of consumer interested in purchasing products differentiated by sustainable production methods.
Publications
- Ziehl, A.R., Thilmany, D.D., and Umberger, W.J. 2005. A Cluster Analysis of Natural Beef Product Consumers by Shopping Behavior, Importance of Production Attributes and Demographics. Journal of Food Distribution Research. 36(1)(March):209-217.
- Loureiro, M.L. and Umberger, W.J. 2005. Assessing Preferences for Country-of-Origin Labeled Products. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics. 37(1)(April):49-63.
- Stopforth, J.D., Ashton, L.V., Skandamis, P.N., Scanga, J.A., Smith, G.C., Sofos, J.N., and Belk. K.E.. 2005. Single and Sequential Treatment of Beef Tissue with Lactic Acid, Ammonium Hydroxide, Sodium Metasilicate, and Acidic and Basic Oxidized Water to Reduce Numbers of Inoculated Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium. Food Prot. Trends 25:14-22
- Person, R.C., McKenna, D.R., Ellebracht, J.W., Griffin, D.B., McKeith, F.K., Scanga, J.A., Belk, K.E., Smith, G.C., and Savell, J.W. 2005. Benchmarking value in the pork supply chain: Processing and consumer characteristics of hams manufactured from different quality raw materials. Meat Sci. 70:91-97.
- Person, R.C., McKenna, D.R., Griffin, D.B., McKeith, F.K., Scanga, J.S., Belk, K.E., Smith, G.C., and Savell, J.W. 2005. Benchmarking value in the pork supply chain: Processing characteristics and consumer evaluations of pork bellies of different thicknesses when manufactured into bacon. Meat Sci. 70:121-131.
- Geornaras, I, Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Kendall, P.A. Smith, G.C., and Sofos, J.N. 2005. Postprocessing antimicrobial treatments to control Listeria monocytogenes in commercial vacuum-packaged bologna and ham stored at 10 degrees C. J. Food Prot. 68:991-998.
- Dewell, G.A., Ransom, J.R., Dewell, R.D., McCurdy, K., Gardner, I.A., Hill, A.E., Sofos, J.N., Belk, K.E., Smith, G.C., and Salman, M.D. 2005. Prevalence of and risk factors for Escherichia coli O157 in market-ready beef cattle from 12 U.S. feedlots. Foodborne Pathogens & Disease. 2(1):70-76.
- Platter, W. J., Tatum, J.D., Belk, K.E., Koontz, S.R., Chapman, P.L., and Smith. G.C. 2005. Effects of marbling and shear force on consumers willingness to pay for beef strip loin steaks. J. Anim. Sci. 83:890-899.
- Wright, L. I., Scanga, J.A., Belk, K.E., Engle, T.E., Tatum, J.D., Person, R.C., McKenna, D.R., Griffin, D.B., McKeith, F.K., Savell, J.W., and Smith, G.C. 2005. Benchmarking value in the pork supply chain: Characterization of US pork in the retail marketplace. Meat Sci. 71:451-463.
- Smith, G. C., Tatum, J.D., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Grandin, T., and Sofos, J.N. 2005. Traceability from a US perspective. Meat Sci. 71:174-193.
- Umberger, W.J. 2005. Will Consumers Pay a Premium for Country-of-Origin Labeled Meat. Choices Magazine. 19(Winter 2005):15-19. Sitz, B.M., Calkins, C.R., Feuz, D.M., Umberger, W.J., and Eskridge, K.M. Consumer Sensory Acceptance and Value of Domestic, Canadian, and Australian Grass-fed Beef Steaks. Journal of Animal Science. 83(2005):2863-2868.
|
Progress 01/01/04 to 12/31/04
Outputs
On December 23, 2003, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) was detected via the federal surveillance testing program in an imported dairy cow located in Mabton, Washington. As a result, the Program in Meat Science re-allocated resources and effort to address marketing and food safety issues associated with discovery of BSE in the U.S., including a collaborative focus with the Federal government and all major trade organizations to re-establish market access for U.S. beef exports. Although agreements were obtained with Japan and other major trading partners to restore beef trade, those efforts will continue into 2005. Pre- and post-harvest microbiological food safety continued to be emphasized by the Meat Science Program, and red meat quality issues were addressed by conducting research to characterize postmortem aging curves for 18 beef carcass muscles. Results of the former studies continue to be adopted for use by industry in microbiological intervention systems,
and have resulted in far fewer as documented by USDA-FSIS and CDC-incidents of beef recalls and/or positive tests for presence of pathogenic organisms in meat products. Results of beef quality studies are being adopted for implementation by foodservice and retail grocery chain operators, with support of the National Cattlemens Beef Association, to improve consumer demand for beef by exerting better control over beef palatability. Applied Experimental Economics research addressed consumer preferences and willingness to pay for U.S. versus Australian and Canadian beef using taste panel and experimental auction data; results indicated that consumers were willing to pay more for domestic steaks but that market segments exist which prefer the taste and are willing to pay a premium for beef originating from Australia and Canada. An economics experiment evaluating the relative importance of food safety inspection, country-of-origin, traceability, and tenderness to consumers when purchasing
beef steaks indicated that USDA food safety inspection is more important than any other attribute and that consumers will pay more for country-of-origin labeling than for traceability or tenderness guarantees. Data from a National Family Opinion (NFO) survey in April 2004 were evaluated by economists to better understand factors underlying Colorado consumer preferences for natural and locally-raised beef products; initial analyses suggested that one dominant factor influenced differences among consumer responses, along with three other fairly important elements (i.e., concern about production practices, willingness-to-pay slightly influenced by past natural beef purchases and societal health concerns, seasoned/ready-to-eat fresh premium brands product, and health aspects of product, respectively). Analysis of NFO data will continue through 2005.
Impacts
This program has been instrumental in developing quantitative information for use by meat packers and processors nationwide as they comply with USDA food safety regulations.
Publications
- Koutsoumanis, K.P., Ashton, L.V., I. Geornaras, I., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Kendall, P.A., Smith, G.C., and Sofos, J.N. 2004. Effect of single or sequential hot water and lactic acid decontamination treatments on the survival and growth of Listeria monocytogenes and spoilage microflora during aerobic storage of fresh beef at 4, 10, and 25 degrees C. J. Food Prot. 67:2703-2711.
- Loureiro, M.L. and Umberger, W.J. 2005. Assessing Preferences for Country-of-Origin Labeled Products. J. Agric. Appl. Econ. In Press. Feuz, D.M., Umberger, W.J., Calkins, C.R., and Sitz, B. 2004. U.S. Consumers Willingness to Pay for Flavor and Tenderness in Steaks as Determined with an Experimental Auction. J. Agric. Resource Econ. 29:501-516.
- Umberger, W.J. and Feuz, D.M. 2004. The Usefulness of Experimental Auctions in Determining Consumers Willingness to Pay for Quality Differentiated Products. Rev. Agric. Econ. 26:170-185.
- Killinger, K.M., Calkins, C.R., Umberger, W.J., Feuz, D.M., and Eskridge, K.M. 2004. A comparison of consumer sensory acceptance and value of domestic beef steaks and steaks from a branded, Argentine beef program. J. Anim. Sci. 82:3302-3307.
- Killinger, K.M., Calkins, C.R., Umberger, W.J., Feuz, D.M., and Eskridge, K.M. 2004. Consumer sensory acceptance and value for beef steaks of similar tenderness, but differing in marbling level. J. Anim. Sci. 82:3294-3301.
- Cunha, B.C.N., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., LeValley, S.B., Tatum, J.D. and Smith, G.C. 2004. Development and validation of equations utilizing Lamb Vision System (LVS) output to predict lamb carcass fabrication yields. J. Anim. Sci. 82:2069-2076.
- Stopforth, J.D., Yoon, Y., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Kendall, P.A., Smith, G.C., and Sofos, J.N. 2004. Effect of simulated spray chilling with chemical solutions on acid-habituated and non-acid-habituated Escherichia coli O157:H7 cells attached to beef carcass tissue. J. Food Prot. 67:2099-2106.
- Barmpalia, I.M., Koutsoumanis, K.P., Geornaras, I., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Kendall, P.A., Smith, G.C., and Sofos, J.N. 2004. Effect of antimicrobials as ingredients of pork bologna for Listeria monocytogenes control during storage at 4 or 10 degrees C. Food Microbiology 22:205-211.
- Barmpalia, I.M., Geornaras, I., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Kendall, P.A., Smith, G.C., and Sofos, J.N. 2004. Control of Listeria monocytogenes on frankfurters with antimicrobials in the formulation and by dipping in organic acid solutions. J. Food Prot. 67:2456-2464.
- Killinger, K.M., Calkins, C.R., Umberger, W.J., Feuz, D.M., and Eskridge, K.M. 2004. Consumer visual preference and value for beef steaks differing in marbling level and color. J. Anim. Sci. 82(November 2004):3288-3293.
- Belk, K.E. and Scanga, J.A. 2004. Slaughter-Line Operation. In: Werner K. Jensen, Carrick Devine, Michael Dikeman (Eds.) Encyclopedia of Meat Science. Elsevier Ltd., Oxford, U.K. ISBN 0-12-464970-X (set)
- Scanga, J.A., Phelps, W.A., Belk, K.E., Sofos, J.N., Schmidt, G.R., Wailes, W.R., Umberger, W.J., Koontz, S.R., Garry, F.B., Cunningham, W., and Smith, G.C. 2004. Bio-Waste Disposal And Utilization. pp. 1-101. Proceedings of the Bio-Waste Disposal Conference (Denver, CO), Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.
- Smith, G.C., Tatum, J.D., Sofos, J.N., Belk, K.E., and Scanga, J.A. 2004. Do Organic Husbandry Practices Make Beef And Dairy Products Safer? pp. 1-13. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Chemical Society. (Abstract at AGRO 23). Philadelphia, PA.
- Sofos, J.N., I. Geornaras, I., Barmpalia, I.M., Stopforth, J.D., Ashton, L.V., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., and Smith, G.C. 2004. Optimization of antimicrobials for control of Listeria monocytogenes and for acceptable pork product quality. pp. 1-8. Proc. Pork Academy 2004 Conference, Des Moines, IA.
- Dewell, R.D., Dewell, G.A., Belk, K.E., Morley, P.S., Smith, G.C., and Salman, M.D. 2004. Effect of transportation and lairage on Escherichia coli O157 in beef cattle: Pilot Study. Conference for Research Workers in Animal Disease.
- Ashton, LV., Stopforth, J.D., Skandamis, P.N., Belk, K.E., Smith, G.C., and Sofos, J.N. 2004. Influence of inoculum preparation procedure and spoilage flora on Escherichia coli O157:H7 on fresh beef stored under anaerobic conditions at 0, 4, 12 or 25 degrees C. 2004 Annual Meeting of the International Association for Food Protection. Abstract PO53 DSC.
- Choat, W., Paterson, J., Belk, K., and Smith, G. 2004. Vaccination as an intervention strategy for reduction of E. coli O157 during a 45-day preconditioning period. 2004 Annual Meeting of the International Association of Food Protection. Abstract P154.
- Geornaras, I., Skandamis, P.N., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Smith, G.C., Sofos, J.N., and Kendall, P.A. 2004. Antimicrobial treatments to control Listeria monocytogenes, cultured under different conditions, on commercial frankfurters formulated with and without antimicrobials during storage at 10 degrees C. 2004 Annual Meeting of the Institute of Food Technologists. Abstract 67E-11.
- Geornaras, I., Barmpalia, I.M. Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Kendall, P.A., Smith, G.C., and Sofos, J.N. 2004. Antimicrobial treatments to control the growth of Listeria monocytogenes following post-processing contamination of commercial bologna and ham. 2004 Annual Meeting of the International Association for Food Protection. Abstract POO6.
- Ransom, J.R., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Sofos, J.N., and Smith, G.C. 2004. Investigation of cattle feedlot management practices to reduce Escherichia coli O157. 2004 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Animal Science. Abstract. (Submitted in March 2004).
- Ransom, J.R., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Sofos, J.N., and Smith, G.C. 2004. Investigation of cattle feedlot management practices to reduce Escherichia coli O157:H7. Proc. 2004 Joint Annual Meeting of American Dairy Science Association, American Society of Animal Science and Poultry Science Association. Abstract, p. 83.
- Ransom, J.R., Sofos, J.N., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., and Smith, G.C. 2004. Effectiveness of activated and non-activated lactoferrin, lactic acid and water in reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella Typhimurium populations on fresh and ready-to-eat beef products. Proc. Reciprocal Meat Conference 57:67 (Abstract).
- Rose, S.R., Belk, K.E., Sofos, J.N., Scanga, J.A., Hossner, K.L., and Smith, G.C. 2004. Effects of lactic acid treatments on microbiological, chemical and sensory properties of stored fresh beef trimmings. Proc. 2004 Joint Annual Meeting of American Dairy Science Association, American Society of Animal Science and Poultry Science Association. Abstract, p. 83.
- Stopforth, J.D., Ashton, L.V., Skandamis, P.N., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Smith G.C., and Sofos, J.N. 2004. Decontamination interventions to reduce Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium on beef carcass tissue. 2004 Annual Meeting of the International Association for Food Protection. Abstract PO15.
- Johnson, K., Davies, S., Thilmany, D., and Umberger, W. 2004. The Price Behavior of Retail Cuts of Beef, Pork and Poultry. Paper Presented in Organized Symposium on Advances in Panel Data Econometric Methods. American Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meetings, Denver, Colorado. August 4, 2004.
- Umberger, W.J., and Loureiro, M.L. 2004. A Choice Experiment for Beef Attributes: What Consumer Preferences Tell Us. Presented at the American Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meetings. Denver, Colorado. August 3, 2004.
- Umberger, W.J., and Loureiro, M.L. 2004. Food Safety, Country-of-Origin, Traceability and Tenderness: What is Most Important in Beef Purchasing Decisions. Presented at the Western Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meetings, Honolulu, Hawaii, July 2, 2004. J. Agric. Resource Econ. 29:594.
- Umberger, W.J., Feuz, D.M., Perversi, S., Calkins, C.R., and Sitz, B. 2004. Consumer Preference and Willingness to Pay for U.S. versus Australian and Canadian Beef. Presented at the Western Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meetings, Honolulu, Hawaii, July 1, 2004. J. Agric. Resource Econ. 29:589.
- Umberger, W.J. The National Animal Identification System and Country-of-Origin Labeling: How Are They Related? Western Extension Marketing Fact Sheet. Colorado State University, CSU Cooperative Extension. WEMC FS#4-04. Fall 2004.
- Thilmany, D., Umberger, W., and Ziehl, A. Consumer Response To Beef Due To The December 2003 BSE Incident In The U.S. Agricultural Marketing Report. Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics. CSU Cooperative Extension. AMR 04-01. June 2004.
- Sitz, B, C. Calkins, Umberger, W., and Feuz, D.Consumer acceptance and value of wet aged and dry aged beef steaks. 2004 Nebraska Beef Report. MP-80A, p. 86-88. January 2004.
- Sitz, B, Calkins, C., Umberger, W., and Feuz, D. Consumer acceptance and value of beef from various countries of origin. NE Beef Cattle Report MP-80A, p. 83-85. January 2004.
- Sitz, B, Calkins, C., Umberger, W., and Feuz, D. Consumer Preference and Value of Beef with Country-Of-Origin Labeling. 2004 Nebraska Beef Report. MP-80A, p. 81-82. January 2004.
|
Progress 01/01/03 to 12/31/03
Outputs
The Program in Meat Science at Colorado State University conducted and published applied research in 2003 that addressed significant and timely issues related to red meat competitiveness. Of particular significance, our research addressed issues related to pre-harvest control of red meat safety, including field testing of potential intervention systems to be used by feedlots. In relation to post-harvest food safety, our researchers conducted studies to evaluate various chemicals that may be used during carcass decontamination in packing plants, and assessed potential antimicrobial resistance for some meat-borne pathogens. Red meat quality was addressed with research that included evaluation of instrument grading technologies, and assessments of the impact on beef tenderness of some cattle feeding practices. Technology developed through these efforts has been implemented extensively. Some examples include: (a) pre-harvest E. coli O157 interventions field tested in 2003
are now recommended for use by the National Cattlemens Beef Association, (b) instrument grading technology to effectively sort beef, pork, and lamb carcasses is now utilized extensively by packing companies to improve valuation efforts and to assure palatability of branded product lines, and (c) new growth-promoting implants and-or implanting strategies are evolving to more appropriately take into account potential influences on subsequent beef eating quality.
Impacts
This program has been instrumental in developing quantitative information for use by meat packers and processors nationwide as they comply with USDA food safety regulations.
Publications
- Bacon, R. T., Sofos, J.N., Kendall, P.A., Belk, K.E., and Smith, G.C. 2003. Comparative analysis of acid resistance between susceptible and multi-antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella strains cultured under stationary-phase acid tolerance-inducing and non-inducing conditions. J. Food Prot. 66:732-740.
- Bacon, R. T., Ransom, J.R., Sofos, J.N., Kendall, P.A., Belk, K.E., and Smith, G.C. 2003. Thermal inactivation of susceptible and multiantimicrobial-resistant Salmonella strains grown in the absence or presence of glucose. Applied and Environ. Micro. 69(7):4123-4128.
- Barmpalia, I.M., Geornaras, I., Kendall, P.A., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Smith, G.C., and Sofos, J.N. 2003. Control of Listeria monocytogenes with antimicrobials in the formulation and by dipping in organic acids of post-processing inoculated pork frankfurters stored at 10 degrees C in vacuum packages. Presented at the 90th Annual Meeting of the International Association of Food Protection. Abstract P163.
- Barmpalia, I., Geornaras, I., Koutsoumanis, K., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Kendall, P.A., Smith, G.C., and Sofos, J.N. 2003. Antimicrobials in the formulation of pork bologna for control of Listeria monocytogenes, inoculated after slicing and stored at 4 degrees C and 10 degrees C in vacuum packages. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Institute of Food Technologists. Abstract 60C-1.
- Brady, A. S., Belk, K.E., LeValley, S.B., Dalsted, N.L., Scanga, J.A., Tatum, J.D., and Smith, G.C. 2003. An evaluation of the lamb vision system as a predictor of lamb carcass red meat yield percentage. J. Anim. Sci. 81:1488-1498.
- Dewell, G.D., Ransom, J.R., McCurdy, K., Belk, K.E., Sofos, J.N., Smith, G.C., and Salman, M.D. 2003. Geographical difference in prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 in finished beef cattle. American Association of Bovine Practitioners Annual Meeting. Abstract.
- Dewell, G.D., Ransom, J.R., Dewell, R.D., Dargatz, D.A., Sofos, J.N., Belk, K.E., Smith, G.C., and Salman, M.D. 2003. Escherichia coli O157 finished beef cattle. Presented at the 10th International Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics symposium (Vina del Mar, Chile) November 17-21, 2003. Abstract.
- Roeber, D.L., Belk, K.E., Engle, T.E., Field, T.G., Koontz, S.R., Scanga, J.A., Tatum, J.D., Mason, G.L., Van Metre, D., Garry, F.B., and Smith, G.C. 2003. The effect of vitamin E supplementation on discoloration of injection-site lesions in retail cuts and the greening reaction observed in injection-site lesions in muscles of the chuck. J. Anim. Sci. 81:1885-1894.
- Spears, J. W., Engle, T.E., Platter, W.R., Lloyd, K.E., Belk, K.E., and Horton, J. 2003. Effects of high dietary calcium propionate and dietary cation-anion balance on calcium metabolism and longissimus muscle tenderness in finishing steers. Prof. Anim. Scientist. 19:424-428.
- Steiner, R., Vote, D.J., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Wise, J.W., Tatum, J.D., and Smith, G.C. 2003. Accuracy and repeatability of beef carcass longissimus muscle area measurements. J. Anim. Sci. 81:1980-1988.
- Steiner, R., Wyle, A.M., Vote, D.J., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Wise, J.W., Tatum, J.D., and Smith, G.C. 2003. Real-time augmentation of USDA Yield Grade application to beef carcasses using video image analysis. J. Anim. Sci. 81:2239-2246.
- Stopforth, J.D., Yoon, Y., Belk, K.E., Smith, G.C., and Sofos, J.N. 2003. The effect of simulated spray-chilling on acid-habituated and non-acid-habituated Escherichia coli O157:H7 cells attached to beef carcass tissue. Presented at the 90th Annual Meeting of the International Association of Food Protection. Abstract P028.
- Wyle, A.M., Vote, D.J., Roeber, D.L., Cannell, R.C., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., Goldberg, M., Tatum, J.D., and Smith, G.C. 2003. Effectiveness of using the SmartMV prototype BeefCam system to sort beef carcasses into expected palatability groups. J. Anim. Sci. 81:441-448.
- Vote, D. J., Belk, K.E., Tatum, J.D., Scanga, J.A., and Smith, G.C. 2003. On-line prediction of beef tenderness using a computer vision system equipped with a BeefCam module. J. Anim. Sci.
- McClure, E.K., Scanga, J.A., Belk, K.E., and Smith, G.C. 2003. Evaluation of the E plusV video image analysis system as a predictor of pork carcass red meat yield. J. Anim. Sci. 81:1193-1201.
- Platter, W.J., Tatum, J.D., Belk, K.E., Scanga, J.A., and Smith, G.C. 2003. Effect of repetitive use of hormonal implants on beef carcass quality, tenderness and consumer ratings of beef palatability. J. Anim. Sci. 81:984-996.
- Platter, W.J., Tatum, J.D., Belk, K.E., Chapman, P.L., Scanga, J.A., and Smith, G.C. 2003. Relationships of consumer sensory ratings, marbling score, and shear force value to consumer acceptance of beef strip loin steaks. J. Anim. Sci. 81:2741-2750.
- Ransom, J. R., Belk, K.E., Sofos, J.N., Stopforth, J.D., Scanga, J.A. and Smith, G.C. 2003. Comparison of intervention technologies for reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7 on beef cuts and trimmings. Food Prot. Trends 23(1):24-34.
- Ransom, J.R., Sofos, J.N., Belk, K.E., Geornaras, I., and Smith, G.C. 2003. Evaluation of cetylpyridium chloride for the reduction of bacterial populations on beef hide surfaces. Annual Meeting of the 90th International Association of Food Protection. 90:Abstract T48.
- Ransom, J.R., Sofos, J.N., Belk, K.E., Dewell, G.D., McCurdy, K.S., Smith, G.C., and Salman, M.D. 2003. Determining the prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 in cattle and beef from the feedlot to the cooler. Presented at the 90th Annual Meeting of the International Association of Food Protection. Abstract T47.
- Ransom, J.R., Sofos, J.N., Belk, K.E., Dewell, G.D., McCurdy, K.S., Smith, G.C., and Salman, M.D. 2003. Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in feedlot cattle feces and on carcasses from those cattle. Presented at the 10th International Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics Symposium (Vina del Mar, Chile) November 17-21, 2003. Abstract.
|
|