Progress 09/15/02 to 09/14/07
Outputs
The objective to develop a live animal test equivalent to FAST by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of commonly used antimicrobials on Bacillus megaterium has been accomplished, validation of these results, testing of antibiotic spiked urine and in-vivo testing of 12 classes of antibiotics in cattle born in the spring of 2003 and 2004, and who's health histories were traced from birth to the farm of origin has been completed. Using cattle that can be traced from birth insures a complete analysis of health treatment records. Cattle with a history of antibiotic treatment were excluded. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for 12 different antibiotics commonly used in the field, using the ATCC reference strain 9885 of B. megaterium will be determined and compared to the in vitro results. Originally 14 total antibiotics were included but due to FDA AMDUCA regulations two antibiotics from the class aminoglycosides (gentamicin, neomycin) had to be
excluded because of prolonged residue potential. The following antimicrobial groups were represented: aminocyclitols (spectinomycin), beta-lactams (penicillin G, ampicillin, ceftiofur), chloramphenicol derivatives (florfenicol), fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin), lincosamides (lincomycin), macrolides (tilmicosin, tylosin), sulfonamides (sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethazine), and tetracyclines (oxytetracycline). A unique renal biopsy technique was developed which use a copotamy approach. A large three millimeter biopsy instrument was developed as the available commercial biopsy instrument did not retrieve a sufficient sample for HPLC analysis. All the sample were collected without apparent discomfort or harm to the cattle used in this project. The renal tissue samples were analyzed by the Iowa State University Veterinary Toxicology Laboratory. Analysis demonstrated successful matching of the relationship between the paired renal tissue samples and the urine in treated cattle. Field
evaluation of the Pre-Harvest Antibiotic Screening Test (PHAST) by 20 practicing beef feedlot veterinarians was successful. The veterinarians were located in Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma and Texas. The PHAST information has been presented at four professionals conferences and is now being adopted, not only from the field evaluation group, but by veterinarians from other states. There is particular interest from producers and veterinarians managing marketing of cull dairy cows that have a history of previous antibiotic treatment.
Impacts
The PHAST is the first and only pre-harvest antibiotic residue screening test available which mirrors the new antibiotic screening test adopted by the USDA-FSIS 2000. This increases the risk of producers marketing an animal with violative residue, risks consumer confidence in the nation's food supply and potentially impacts the economic sustainability and profitability of the United States beef industry. The PHAST is being disseminated to producers and veterinarians.
Publications
- Griffin, D. D. 2007. Pre-Harvest Antibiotic Screening Test (PHAST). University of Nebraska - Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Educational Document.
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Progress 10/01/05 to 09/30/06
Outputs
The first objective, to develop a live animal test equivalent to FAST by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of commonly used antimicrobials on Bacillus megaterium has been accomplished, validation of these results, testing of antibiotic spiked urine and in-vivo testing of 12 classes of antibiotics in cattle born in the spring of 2003 and 2004, and who's health histories were traced from birth to the farm of origin has been completed. Using cattle that can be traced from birth insures a complete analysis of health treatment records. Cattle with a history of antibiotic treatment were excluded. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for 12 different antibiotics commonly used in the field, using the ATCC reference strain 9885 of B. megaterium will be determined and compared to the in vitro results. Originally 14 total antibiotics were included but due to FDA AMDUCA regulations two antibiotics from the class aminoglycosides (gentamicin, neomycin) had
to be excluded because of prolonged residue potential. The following antimicrobial groups were represented: aminocyclitols (spectinomycin), beta-lactams (penicillin G, ampicillin, ceftiofur), chloramphenicol derivatives (florfenicol), fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin), lincosamides (lincomycin), macrolides (tilmicosin, tylosin,), sulfonamides (sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethazine), and tetracyclines (oxytetracycline). A unique renal biopsy technique was developed which use a copotamy approach. A large three millimeter biopsy instrument was developed as the available commercial biopsy instrument did not retrieve a sufficient sample for HPLC analysis. All the sample were collected without apparent discomfort or harm to the cattle used in this project. The renal tissue samples while awaiting analysis were destroyed. All of the work was redone and the newly collected samples are at Iowa State University being analyzed. Analysis should be complete by May 1, 2007. The preliminary outline for the
field instruction manual for use of the Pre-Harvest Antibiotic Screening Test has been developed and is being evaluated by 20 practicing beef feedlot veterinarians. These veterinarians are located in six states (Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma and Texas).
Impacts
Presently there is not a pre-harvest antibiotic residue screening test available to mirror the new antibiotic screening test adopted by the USDA-FSIS 2000. This increases the risk of producers marketing an animal with violative residue, risks consumer confidence in the nation's food supply and potentially impacts the economic sustainability and profitability of the United States beef industry. A pre-harvest antibiotic screening test that mirrors the USDA-FSIS FAST test will be developed. Disseminate the information to producers and veterinarians.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 10/01/04 to 09/30/05
Outputs
The first objectives, to develop a live animal test equivalent to FAST by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of commonly used antimicrobials on Bacillus megaterium has been accomplished, validation of these results, testing of antibiotic spiked urine and in-vivo testing of 12 classes of antibiotics in cattle born in the spring of 2003 and 2004, and whose health histories were traced from birth to the farm of origin has been completed. Using cattle that can be traced from birth insures a complete analysis of health treatment records. Cattle with a history of antibiotic treatment were excluded. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for 12 different antibiotics commonly used in the field, using the ATCC reference strain 9885 of B. megaterium will be determined and compared to the in vitro results. Originally 14 total antibiotics were included but due to FDA AMDUCA regulations two antibiotics from the class aminoglycosides (gentamicin, neomycin) had
to be excluded because of prolonged residue potential. The following antimicrobial groups were represented: aminocyclitols (spectinomycin), beta-lactams (penicillin G, ampicillin, ceftiofur), chloramphenicol derivatives (florfenicol), fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin), lincosamides (lincomycin), macrolides (tilmicosin, tylosin,), sulfonamides (sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethazine), and tetracyclines (oxytetracycline). A unique renal biopsy technique was developed which use a copotamy approach. A large three millimeter biopsy instrument was developed as the available commercial biopsy instrument did not retrieve a sufficient sample for HPLC analysis. All the sample were collected without apparent discomfort or harm to the cattle used in this project. The renal tissue samples are awaiting analysis. The preliminary outline for the field instruction manual for use of the Pre-Harvest Antibiotic Screening Test has been developed and is being evaluated by 20 practicing beef feedlot veterinarians.
These veterinarians are located in six states (Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma and Texas).
Impacts
Presently there is not a pre-harvest antibiotic residue screening test available to mirror the new antibiotic screening test adopted by the USDA-FSIS 2000. This increases the risk of producers marketing an animal with violative residue, risks consumer confidence in the food supply of our nation and potentially impacts the economic sustainability and profitability of the United States beef industry. A pre-harvest antibiotic screening test that mirrors the USDA-FSIS FAST test will be developed. Disseminate the information to producers and veterinarians.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 10/01/03 to 09/30/04
Outputs
The first objectives, to develop a live animal test equivalent to FAST by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of commonly used antimicrobials on Bacillus megaterium has been accomplished, validation of these results, testing of antibiotic spiked urine and in vivo testing of 12 classes of antibiotics in cattle born in the spring of 2003 and the health histories were traced from birth to the farm of origin has been completed. Using cattle that can be traced from birth insures a complete analysis of health treatment records. Cattle with a history of antibiotic treatment were excluded. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for 12 different antibiotics commonly used in the field, using the ATCC reference strain 9885 of B. megaterium will be determined and compared to the in vitro results. Originally 14 total antibiotics were included, but due to FDA AMDUCA regulations two antibiotics from the class aminoglycosides (gentamicin, neomycin) had to be
excluded because of prolonged residue potential. The following antimicrobial groups were represented: aminocyclitols (spectinomycin), beta-lactams (penicillin G, ampicillin, ceftiofur), chloramphenicol derivatives (florfenicol), fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin), lincosamides (lincomycin), macrolides (tilmicosin, tylosin,), sulfonamides (sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethazine), and tetracyclines (oxytetracycline). A unique renal biopsy technique was developed which use a copotamy approach. A large three millimeter biopsy instrument was developed as the available commercial biopsy instrument did not retrieve a sufficient sample for HPLC analysis. All the sample were collected without apparent discomfort or harm to the cattle used in this project. The renal tissue samples are awaiting analysis. The preliminary outline for the field instruction manual for use of the Pre-Harvest Antibiotic Screening Test has been developed and is being evaluated by 20 practicing beef feedlot veterinarians. These
veterinarians are located in six states (Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma and Texas).
Impacts
Presently there is not a pre-harvest antibiotic residue screening test available to mirror the new antibiotic screening test adopted by the USDA-FSIS 2000. This increases the risk of producers marketing an animal with violative residue, risks consumer confidence in the food supply for the nation and potentially impacts the economic sustainability and profitability of the United States beef industry. A pre-harvest antibiotic screening test that mirrors the USDA-FSIS FAST test will be developed. Disseminate the information to producers and veterinarians.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 10/01/02 to 09/30/03
Outputs
The first objective, to develop a live animal test equivalent to FAST by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of commonly used antimicrobials on Bacillus megaterium has been accomplished. Validation of the results is underway. Testing of antibiotic spiked urine will be completed within the next 60 days. In vivo testing has been scheduled for cattle that can be traced from birth to the farm of origin. This insures a complete analysis of health treatment records. Cattle with a history of antibiotic treatment will be excluded. Cattle born in the spring of 2003 have been identified and are presently be followed through their weaning health events. These cattle will be available for in vivo testing during the summer of 2004. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for 14 different antibiotics commonly used in the field, using the ATCC reference strain 9885 of B. megaterium will be determined and compared to the in vitro results. The following
antimicrobial groups will be represented: aminocyclitols (spectinomycin), aminoglycosides (gentamicin, neomycin), beta-lactams (penicillin G, ampicillin, ceftiofur), chloramphenicol derivatives (florfenicol), fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin), lincosamides (lincomycin), macrolides (tilmicosin, tylosin,), sulfonamides (sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethazine) and tetracyclines (oxytetracycline). Even thought the price of cattle across the United States is setting records never seen in the beef industry before, we do not anticipate the supplier of the cattle for this project to withdraw from the project. The preliminary outline for the field instruction manual for use of the Pre-Harvest Antibiotic Screening Test has been developed and is being evaluated by 20 practicing beef feedlot veterinarians. These veterinarians are located in six states (Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma and Texas). A seminar with the USDA-FSIS has been scheduled to discuss the interim findings of this project.
Adjustments will be made as need to meet the national residue avoidance program.
Impacts
Presently there is not a pre-harvest antibiotic residue screening test available to mirror the new antibiotic screening test adopted by the USDA-FSIS 2000. This increases the risk of producers marketing an animal with violative residue, risks consumer confidence in the nation's food supply and potentially impacts the economic sustainability and profitability of the United States beef industry. A pre-harvest antibiotic screening test that mirrors the USDA-FSIS FAST test will be developed. Disseminate the information to producers and veterinarians.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 10/01/01 to 09/30/02
Outputs
Supplies have been ordered for the first phase of this project. Project began September 15, 2002, therefore itis too early to have progress.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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