Source: CORNELL UNIVERSITY submitted to NRP
THE DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF NEW ORNAMENTAL PLANTS
Sponsoring Institution
State Agricultural Experiment Station
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
STATE
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0191659
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Feb 1, 2002
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2009
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
(N/A)
ITHACA,NY 14853
Performing Department
HORTICULTURE
Non Technical Summary
The popularity of ornamental plants is increasing in the United States. This project will develop and study novel plants for the ornamental industry.
Animal Health Component
75%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
25%
Applied
75%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
2022120108020%
2022121108010%
2022122108010%
2052110108010%
2052120108010%
2052121108010%
2052122108010%
2052123108010%
2052129108010%
Knowledge Area
205 - Plant Management Systems; 202 - Plant Genetic Resources;

Subject Of Investigation
2110 - Ornamental trees and shrubs; 2123 - Bedding/garden plants; 2129 - Florist crops, other; 2120 - Herbaceous perennials and decorative greens; 2121 - Cut flowers, foliage, and greens; 2122 - Potted plants;

Field Of Science
1080 - Genetics;
Goals / Objectives
The objectives of this project are (1) to breed and develop new ornamental plants for the commercial market by using traditional breeding techniques supplemented with biotechnological procedures, (2) to produce distinctive plants by employing innovative plant production techniques to modify the growth and physiology of established plants, and (3) to evaluate novel plant cultivars and species for their potential economic development, commercial application, and introduction into the trade.
Project Methods
Traditional plant breeding procedures will be utilized in cooperation with in vitro techniques for the genetic hybridization and modification of ornamental plants. Specific in vitro techniques that will be employed include somaclonal and gametoclonal variation, embryo culture, somatic embryogenesis, mutation breeding, in vitro fertilization, and meristem culture for the production of pathogen-free plants. Novel production procedures will be used to modify the plant/environment interactions. Examples of the strategies that will be investigated include propagation, cultural, and postharvest procedures. Newly released plant cultivars and novel species will be compared to traditional cultivars and production procedures to assess their commercial value.

Progress 10/01/08 to 09/30/09

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Gardening continues to be ranked as the leading recreational hobby in the United States, and the segment of annual and perennial plants is the largest growth industry in horticulture. This project identifies plants that have the opportunity to be developed into new ornamental plants, and evaluates their ability to hybridize and grow in a commercially valuable manner. The development of new herbaceous plants, as well as their evaluation and comparison to other commercially valuable perennial and annual plants is the objective of this project. The trial and display gardens at the Long Island Horticultural Research and Extension Center (LIHREC) is used for this purpose and continue to grow; currently more than 600 species and cultivars of winter-hardy herbaceous ornamental plants are trialed at this single location. The gardens are organized and planted by species in order to effectively evaluate different cultivars of the same genus growing side-by-side. The growers of herbaceous perennial plants on Long Island appreciate these gardens and support them both financially and philosophically because Long Island has the most growers in the entire state. In addition, each year chrysanthemum trials are held at the LIHREC where multiple replications of several different cultivars are evaluated; plants are obtained from the three major producers of chrysanthemums: Syngenta (Yoder), Ball, and GroLink. Cornell University has the most extensive mum trials in the United States and is visited by growers, retailers, salesmen, and breeders from around the world. Homeowners from Long Island, New York, and the east coast also visit these trials and the display gardens. During this year, trials were also designed for several of the commercially-valuable, field-grown cut flower varieties including sunflowers, calendula, zinnias, strawflowers, lilies, alstroemeria, and cut chrysanthemums. The sunflower trials were the most extensive university trial in the United States with 62 different evaluated. Breeding programs with plants with great ornamental potential continue. A large collection of species from the genera Cleome, Plectranthus, and Alstroemeria have allowed interspecific and intraspecific hybridization. Offspring from this program is being evaluated and the newest patented cultivar to be introduced is the winter-hardy, herbaceous perennial for the garden, Alstroemeria Tangerine Tango. Educational programs, such as conferences, all-season demonstrations, open houses, field days, workshops, symposia, and the insect and disease diagnostic laboratories keep growers informed and in touch with our research findings. Information that is developed here is shared at local, state and national levels through presentations, professional trade press and refereed publications, and the LIHREC Annual Report, website, and newsletters. Information is also available from fact sheets and internet postings. PARTICIPANTS: Margery Daughtrey, Department of Plant Pathology; Lynn Hyatt, Department of Horticulture; Nora Catlin, Cornell Cooperative Extension of Suffolk County; Dan Gilrein, Cornell Cooperative Extension of Suffolk County; Neil Mattson, Department of Horticulture; William Miller, Department of Horticulture; Elizabeth Earle, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics; Elizabeth Lamb, New York IPM; John Sanderson, Department of Entomology; Graduate student Ockert Greyvenstein; Graduate student Kendra Hutchins; Undergraduate student Ian Holt; Undergraduate student at Farmingdale State College, Maria Figueroa; Long Island Flower Growers Association; Long Island Nursery and Landscape Association; New York State Flower Industries; Cornell Greenhouse Program Working Team; Cornell Greenhouse Advisory Board; Cornell employees Mark Sisson and Wayne Lindsay TARGET AUDIENCES: Floriculture and greenhouse industries; Ornamental plant industries; Members of the Green Industries; Members of the Cornell Gardeners and other homeowners; Long Island Flower Growers Association; Long Island Nursery and Landscape Association; New York State Flower Industries PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
The objective of this project is to breed, develop, and evaluate new ornamental plants for the American market. Secondary objectives are to identify and evaluate cultivars that are disease- and insect-resistant reducing the need for pesticides and to meet the market needs of the horticultural industries. Results of the cultivar trials on cut flowers, herbaceous perennials, annual bedding plants, and chrysanthemums were disseminated through publications, oral presentations at meetings, and electronic devices such as websites. Correct changes in technical information can be seen in the commercial catalogs and websites of the horticultural industries. Cornell University is being recognized for its new plant introductions and breeding programs. There has been increased interest in using the plants that have been highlighted during the trialing period. There has also been significant impact on the undergraduate and graduate students who have worked and been associated with this project. There continues to be an enormous demand throughout the world for new and special floriculture products and the continued growth and competitiveness of the American horticultural industry depends on the development of new ornamental plants. Plant breeding is a long-term proposition; however measurable milestones have been reached with this project. There is still interest in and demand for herbaceous ornamental plants. This project is timely and represents a significant step towards the use of a basic science for the development of an applied product. The continued growth and competitiveness of the American industry depends on the development of new ornamental plants and this research addresses an important horticultural need because there is a continuous demand for new and special products in the floricultural market.

Publications

  • Daughtrey,M, M. Bridgen, M. Tobiasz, and L. Hyatt. 2009. Cultivar evaluation of field-grown lilies for botrytis susceptibility. 2008 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Horticulture Bulletin #57: 54.
  • Bridgen, M.P., L. Hyatt, and N. Mattson. 2009. Use of controlled release fertilizer (CRF) programs to prevent nutrient leaching from field grown potted chrysanthemums. 2008 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Horticulture Bulletin #57: 57.
  • Bridgen, M.P., L. Hyatt, and B. Rath. 2009. Long Island evaluations of herbaceous perennial plants. 2008 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Horticulture Bulletin #57: 57.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and L. Hyatt. 2009. 2088 Chrysanthemum cultivar evaluations. 2008 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Horticulture Bulletin #57: 57-58.
  • Bridgen, M.P., Kollman, E., and C. Lu. 2009. Interspecific hybridization of Alstroemeria for the Development of New, Ornamental Plants. Acta Horticulturae 836: 73-78.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. Plant Patent: Alstroemeria cultivar Tangerine Tango. May 12, 2009. Provisional application no. 61/216,010.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. Dr. Mark P. Bridgen, 2008 Herbert Medalist - Autobiography. Herbertia 62: 12-35.
  • Mattson, N.S., Bridgen, M. 2009. Nutrient leaching from garden mums fertilized using water soluble fertilizer, controlled release fertilizer or a combination program. Abstract and presentation at 106th Annual ASHS Conference. St. Louis, MO, July 25-28. HortScience. 44(4):1072.
  • Bridgen, M.P., Editor. 2009 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Horticulture Bulletin #57. 99 pages.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. IPPS Area Meeting to be Held: Environmentally Responsible Ideas and Solutions for Plant Production. Long Island Agriculture News. January, page 8 and Long Island Horticulture News. January, page 7.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. Enjoy a Meal with your Friends in Agriculture! Long Island Agriculture News. February, p 11 and Long Island Horticulture News. February, page 5.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. Diggers Fund Raiser a Big Success for Cornell. Long Island Agriculture News. April, page 14 and Long Island Horticulture News. April, page 7.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. Results of Chrysanthemum Trials in 2008 Part I. Long Island Horticulture News. May, p. 1, 5-7.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. Long Island Flower Growers Celebrate 50 Years! Long Island Agriculture News. July, page 9 and Long Island Horticulture News. July, Page 5.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. Friends of Long Island Horticulture announce 2009 Grant Recipients Long Island Agriculture News. May .p 8
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. Long Island Horticulture Leaders Forum Held. Long Island Agriculture News. May, pp. 12
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. Growing Potted Garden Chrysanthemums, Part II. Long Island Horticulture News. June, pp. 1-2.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. Area Meeting: Tuesday, September 1, 2009 IPPS North Fork Tour. Long Island Agriculture News. August page 11 and Long Island Horticulture News. August, page 5.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. Cornell Universitys Long Island Plant Science Day and Barbecue. Long Island Agriculture News. August, page 13 and Long Island Horticulture News. August, page 5.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. Visit the Long Island Trials! Long Island Agriculture News. August, page 12 and Long Island Horticulture News. September, page 7.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. Cornell Universitys Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center Holds 7th Annual Plant Science Day. Long Island Agriculture News. October, 9.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and N. Mattson. 2009. Spring Trials Excursion for Greenhouse Growers, April 9-13, 2010. Long Island Horticulture News. November, p 7
  • Bridgen, M.P., Van deWetering, J., Van Bourgondien, R., Wells, L, and Bell, R. 2009. Friends of Long Island Horticulture 2010 Campaign Begins. Long Island Agriculture News. December, page 12.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2009. Enjoy a Meal with your Friends in Agriculture and Support a Good Cause too! Long Island Horticulture News. December, page 8.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and L. Hyatt. 2009. High tunnel production of field grown cut flowers. 2008 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Horticulture Bulletin #57: 45.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and L. Hyatt. 2009. Spring flowering daffodil trials. 2008 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Horticulture Bulletin #57: 46.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and L. Hyatt. 2009. Field grown cut flowers. 2008 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Horticulture Bulletin #57: 46.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and L. Hyatt. 2009. Breeding of winter hardy Alstroemeria. 2008 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Horticulture Bulletin #57: 46.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and L. Hyatt. 2009. Breeding of Chilean geophytes. 2008 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Horticulture Bulletin #57: 47.


Progress 10/01/07 to 09/30/08

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Activities, services, and events were conducted to disseminate the information that was produced during this project. Information was shared with the green industry throughout New York with different delivery systems such as web sites, oral presentations at grower meetings, newsletters, on-site visits, field days, workshops and annual events. For example, in 2008 the Long Island Horticultural Research and Extension Center held its fifth annual Plant Science Day for the horticultural professionals on Long Island and reached more than 180 members of the floriculture, ornamental horticulture, vegetable, and fruit industries. It also held an Open House for members of the public. Field days such at the Chrysanthemum Field Day and the Poinsettia Open House also educated professional horticulturists. Tours were held at the LIHREC for politicians and members of the green industry. The LIHREC website, as well as websites at Suffolk County Cooperative Extension and on campus electronically distributed information. The LIHREC Annual Report and county publications such as Agriculture News, Horticulture News, and the Fruit and Vegetable Newsletter were also used to disseminate information. On-site visits to various growers gave a more direct and personal approach to disseminating this information. A new winter-hardy herbaceous perennial, Alstroemeria Mauve Majesty was introduced to the United States; this cultivar was the first ornamental plant ever patented at Cornell University. PARTICIPANTS: Margery Daughtrey, Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University Nora Catlin, Cornell Cooperative Extension of Suffolk County Dan Gilrein, Cornell Cooperative Extension of Suffolk County William Miller, Department of Horticulture, Cornell University Neil Mattson, Department of Horticulture, Cornell University Elizabeth Earle, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University TARGET AUDIENCES: Floriculture and greenhouse industries Ornamental plant industries The American Green Industry PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
The objective of this project is to develop and evaluate new ornamental plants for the floriculture industry. Plant species from Africa and South America are being hybridized to develop new plant cultivars that can be used as potted plants or as herbaceous annual or perennial garden plants. There is an enormous demand throughout the world for new and special floriculture products and the continued growth and competitiveness of the American horticultural industry depends on the development of new ornamental plants. The plant species, Plectranthus, Cleome, and Alstroemeria are some of the plants that are being hybridized. Species have been collected from their native countries and interspecific and intraspecific hybrids have been attempted. Traditional breeding techniques and in vitro procedures such as embryo rescue, somaclonal variation, in vitro mutation techniques, and micropropagation were used to elicit novel plants. Propagation and production protocols are being developed in order to introduce these plants into the commercial market quickly and efficiently. From this project, scientific publications were used to train scientists and students. In addition, trade articles, newsletters, and reports were published to increase the knowledge of members of the horticulture industry. New colorful and artistic plant introductions will be made by Cornell University as a result of this project.

Publications

  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. Have a Meal with your Friends in Agriculture! Long Island Agriculture News. January, page 15.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. Friends of Long Island Horticulture - 2008 Campaign begins. Long Island Agriculture News. January, pp. 12-13.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. Campaign begun for new student internship fund. Long Island Horticulture News. December, page 4.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and L. Hyatt. 2008. CRF Research on Mums. GrowerTalks. June, 2008. pp. 36-40.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. 87 Plants that deer wont devour. American Nurseryman. August 15, 2008. Pp. 16-19.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. Floriculture research in full bloom. Greenhouse Product News 18(6): 36-39.
  • Catlin, N. and M.P. Bridgen. 2008. Longevity on Long Island. Greenhouse Product News 18(5): 22-26
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. Mini poinsettias offer a different look.. Greenhouse Management & Production. August 2008. pp. 49-52.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. Growing outdoor potted chrysanthemum plants. Cornell University Bulletin. 7 pp.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. Cornell patents new Inca Lily hybrid. The American Gardener. March/April. Page 49.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and L. Hyatt. 2008. High tunnel production of field-grown cut flowers.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and L. Hyatt. 2008. Spring-flowering daffodil trials.
  • Bridgen, M.P., W. Miller, E. Olate, and L. Hyatt. 2008. Season extension techniques for field-grown lilies.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. Alstroemeria Mauve Majesty. The first ornamental plant patented by Cornell University.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and L. Hyatt. 2008. Breeding of winter hardy Alstroemeria.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and L. Hyatt. 2008. Breeding of Chilean geophytes.
  • Greyvenstein, O. and M.P.Bridgen, 2008. Genotypic and environmental effects on the production of field-grown gladiolus cut flowers.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and L. Hyatt. 2008. Use of controlled release fertilizer (CRF) programs to prevent nutrient leaching from field-grown potted chrysanthemus.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and L. Hyatt. 2008.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. Chrysanthemum field day and educational program September 30, 2008. Long Island Horticulture News. September, page 3.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. New student intern scholarship established for the LIHREC. Long Island Horticulture News. August, page 5.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. LIHREC holds two successful open houses. Long Island Horticulture News. August, page 6.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. Cornells Plant Science Day and barbecue. July 8, 2008. Long Island Horticulture News and LI Agriculture News. June, page 2 and page 9.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. Friends of Long Island Horticulture announce 2008 grant recipients. Long Island Agriculture News and L.I. Horticulture News. May, page 3.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2008. Thanks. Long Island horticulturists and farmers support horticultural research. Long Island Horticulture News. April, page 4.


Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/07

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Biotechnological breeding techniques are being integrated with traditional breeding procedures to produce novel cultivars. The development of new herbaceous plants, as well as their evaluation and comparison to other commercially valuable perennial and annual plants, is the objective of this project. As hybrids and new cultivars are developed, research will be completed to develop commercial production and propagation protocols for them. These new cultivars will be grown at Cornell University's Long Island Research Center in its trial gardens and evaluated under Long Island's climatic conditions. Their maintenance, flower and foliage integrity, period of bloom, winter hardiness, and insect and disease resistance are recorded and reported to the nursery and greenhouse industries. The trial site also serves as a tool to promote the new herbaceous ornamental plants. By the end of the project, new cultivars will be released to the American market. Innovative plant production techniques with propagation and cultural procedures are being investigated in preparation for the commercial introduction of these new plants. Once new plant cultivars and novel species are identified, they are compared to traditional cultivars and production procedures to assess their commercial value. Extension programs are conducted on Long Island and statewide. Educational programs, such as conferences, all-season demonstrations, open houses, field days, workshops, symposia, and the insect and disease diagnostic laboratories keep growers informed and in touch with our research findings. Information that is developed here is shared at local, state and national levels through presentations, professional trade press and refereed publications, and the LIHREC Annual Report and newsletters. Information is also available from fact sheets and internet postings and websites. Site visits are made to local greenhouses and other horticultural businesses when appropriate for diagnosis, research or implementation studies. PARTICIPANTS: Margery Daughtrey, plant pathologist Margaret Mcgrath, plant pathologist Lynn Hyatt Dan Gilrein, entomologist Ockert Greyvenstein, graduate student

Impacts
Biotechnology provides exciting new opportunities for creating new products and stimulating economic development. Although plant breeding is a long term proposition, measurable milestones can be developed quickly by incorporating biotechnological technologies. This project is utilizing in vitro tools along with traditional breeding approaches to develop and commercialize a group of popular herbaceous perennial plants. With the current interest in and demand for herbaceous plants, the project is timely and represents a significant step towards the use of a basic science for the development of an applied product. The continued growth and competitiveness of the American industry depends on the development of new herbaceous ornamental plants. This research is proactive and addresses an important horticultural need. There is a continuous demand for new and special products in the floricultural market. This need is especially true with herbaceous perennial plants. This insatiable demand encourages the discovery of new genetic sources for commercial introduction. Research has shown that there is a wealth of genetic variability that has yet to be discovered or studied. This research is very unique and allows the development of new commercial, ornamental plants that can be used to keep our horticultural production systems highly competitive in the global economy.

Publications

  • Bridgen, M. 2007. Using high tunnels for field-grown cut flowers. Greenhouse Manager Professional. May.
  • Bridgen, M. 2007. Using High Tunnels for Field-grown Cut Flowers. Suffolk County Agriculture News 91(3):4-5.
  • Bridgen, M. 2007. Growing Mini Poinsettias. Horticulture News. August, pp 1-2.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2007. Growing potted garden chrysanthemums, Part III - Is pinching or the application of Florel necessary? Horticulture News. December, pp. 1-3.
  • Bridgen, M. 2007. Chrysanthemum field day and educational program. Horticulture News September, p. 3 and Suffolk County Agriculture News 91(9):5.
  • Bridgen, M. 2007. Plant Science Day and barbecue scheduled at the LIHREC on July 10, 2007. Horticulture News. June, page 3 and Suffolk County Agriculture News 91(5):11.
  • Bridgen, M. 2007. 5th Annual Plant Science Day a Huge Success. Horticulture News September, p. 7 and Suffolk County Agriculture News 91(8):4-5.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2007. Have a meal with your friends in agriculture. Horticulture News. February, page 4 and Suffolk County Agriculture News 91(2):9.
  • Bridgen, M. 2007. Come visit the 2007 herbaceous perennial trial gardens. Horticulture News, August, p 3), Suffolk County Agriculture News 91(8):19, and a press release to News Review and Suffolk Times.
  • Bridgen, M. 2007. Invasive Plant Legislation Passes for Suffolk County. Horticulture News August, pp 6-7, Suffolk County Agriculture News 91(8):11, and LINLA Newsletter 7(3):33-4.
  • Bridgen, M. 2007. Invasive Plant Legislation Passes for eastern Long Island press releases for Greenhouse Manager Professional and Greenhouse Grower .
  • Bridgen, M. 2007. The Invasive Plant Issue on Long Island. Part I LINLA Newsletter 7(1).
  • Bridgen, M. 2007. The Invasive Plant Issue on Long Island. Part II LINLA Newsletter 7(2):3-4.
  • Bridgen, M. 2007. Not on the deers menu. The Suffolk Times. June 21, pg 22A-24A.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2007. Alstroemeria Mauve Majesty, the first ornamental plant to be patented by Cornell University. 2007 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research and Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #41.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and Hyatt, L. 2007. Breeding of winter-hardy Alstroemeria. 2007 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #41.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and Hyatt, L. 2007. Breeding and plant development of Chilean geophytes. 2007 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #41.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and Hyatt, L. 2007. Production of mini poinsettias. 2007 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #41.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and Hyatt, L. 2007. Sustainable field production of potted chrysanthemums. 2007 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #41.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and Hyatt, L. 2007. Long Island evaluations of herbaceous perennial plants. 2007 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #41.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and Hyatt, L. 2007. 2007 chrysanthemum cultivar evaluations. 2007 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #41.
  • Bridgen, M.P., Miller, W. and Hyatt, L. 2007. Growing spring flowering daffodils as field grown cut flowers. 2007 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #41.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and Hyatt, L. 2007. High tunnel production of field grown cut flowers. 2007 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #41.
  • Bridgen, M.P., Miller, W. and Hyatt, L. 2007. Late-season production of cut lily flowers. 2007 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #41.
  • Greyvenstein, O. and Bridgen, M.P. 2007. Plectranthus. A genus chosen for new plant development through tissue culture and somaclonal variation. Proceedings of the International Plant Propagators Society. Vol. 57.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2007. Garden Plants that Deer Do Not Like to Eat. Horticulture News. May, pp. 1-3 and Suffolk County Agriculture News 91(5):6-8.


Progress 01/01/06 to 12/31/06

Outputs
The development of new herbaceous perennial plants, as well as their evaluation and comparison to other commercially valuable perennial plants, is the objective of this project. Biotechnological breeding techniques are being integrated with traditional breeding procedures to produce novel cultivars. As hybrids and new cultivars are developed, research will be completed to develop commercial production and propagation protocols for them. These new cultivars will be grown at Cornell University's Long Island Research Center in its 3 acre trial gardens and evaluated under Long Island's climatic conditions. Their maintenance, flower and foliage integrity, period of bloom, winter hardiness, and insect and disease resistance will be recorded and reported to the nursery and greenhouse industries. The trial site also serves as a tool to promote the new herbaceous ornamental plants. By the end of the project, new cultivars will be released to the American market. Traditional plant breeding procedures are being used in cooperation with in vitro techniques for the genetic hybridization of ornamental plants and development of new ornamental plants for the commercial market. Specific in vitro techniques that are being used include somaclonal variation, embryo culture, somatic embryogenesis, mutation breeding, and meristem culture for the production of pathogen-free plants. In addition, innovative plant production techniques with propagation and cultural procedures are being investigated in preparation for the commercial introduction of these new plants. Once new plant cultivars and novel species are identified, they are compared to traditional cultivars and production procedures to assess their commercial value.

Impacts
Biotechnology provides exciting new opportunities for creating new products and stimulating economic development. Although plant breeding is a long term proposition, measurable milestones can be developed quickly by incorporating biotechnological technologies. This project is utilizing in vitro tools along with traditional breeding approaches to develop and commercialize a group of popular herbaceous perennial plants. With the current interest in and demand for herbaceous plants, the project is timely and represents a significant step towards the use of a basic science for the development of an applied product. The continued growth and competitiveness of the American industry depends on the development of new herbaceous ornamental plants. This research is proactive and addresses an important horticultural need. There is a continuous demand for new and special products in the floricultural market. This need is especially true with herbaceous perennial plants. This insatiable demand encourages the discovery of new genetic sources for commercial introduction. Research has shown that there is a wealth of genetic variability that has yet to be discovered or studied. This research is very unique and allows the development of new commercial, ornamental plants that can be used to keep our horticultural production systems highly competitive in the global economy.

Publications

  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Using traditional and biotechnological breeding for new plant development. Proceedings of the International Plant Propagators Socity. Vol. 56.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Use of embryo culture as a nondestructive harvesting technique for the collection of native geophytic plant species. International Association for Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology. Abstract. p. 1410.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. New Plant Introductions: Alstroemeria Mauve Majesty. Proceedings of the International Plant Propagators Socity. Vol. 56.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Outdoor Potted Mum Trials and Research. OFA Bulletin. Vol. 897: pp 26-27.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Outdoor Potted Chrysanthemums Results 2005 - Part II. OFA Bulletin. Vol. 899: pp 18-22.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Growing Outdoor Potted Chrysanthemums. Horticulture News. April pp 1-2.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Growing Outdoor Potted Chrysanthemums - Part II. Horticulture News. June pp 4-5.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Chrysanthemum field day. Horticulture News. September, page 7.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Growing Potted Garden Chrysanthemums Part III - Is Pinching or the Application of Florel Necessary? Horticulture News. December. pp. 1-3.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Cornell Universitys Advisory Council for the Research Laboratory in Riverhead. Press Release and Suffolk County Agriculture News. 90(1): 8.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Margery Daughtrey receives the excellence in IPM award. Press release and Suffolk County Agriculture News. 90(1): 8.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Have a Meal with your Friends in Agriculture. Suffolk County Agriculture News. 90(2): 15.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Friends of Long Island Horticulture announce 2006 grant recipients. Suffolk County Agriculture News. 90(6): 14.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. 2006 Annual Plant Variety Trials. Suffolk County Agriculture News. 90(7): 11.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Plant Science Day and Barbecue Scheduled at the LIHREC on August 22, 2006. Suffolk County Agriculture News. 90(8): 12.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Chrysanthemum Field Day Scheduled for September 22, 2006. Press Release and Suffolk County Agriculture News. 90 (9): 21.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Invasive plants list being considered for Long Island. Horticulture News (November, pp 4-5) and Suffolk County Agriculture News. 90(11): 16.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Horticulture on Long Island. Department of Horticulture Alumni News.
  • Kollman, E. and M.P. Bridgen. 2006. The development of a cold-hardy, white-flowering Alstroemeria. MS thesis. Cornell University.
  • Kollman, E. and M.P. Bridgen. 2006. Effect of Planting Date on Sunflower Performance. Greenhouse Grower. July.
  • Kollman, E. and M.P. Bridgen. 2006. Development of a white-flowered, cold-hardy Alstroemeria. American Society of Horticultural Science. January. Abstract.
  • Olate, E.A. and M.P. Bridgen. 2006. Chilean geophytes: micropropagation and cut flower production. PhD thesis. University of Connecticut.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2006. Introduction of the new Alstroemeria Mauve Majesty. 2006 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #40 p. 44.
  • Bridgen, M.P., Saska, M., Hyatt, L., and Kollman, E. 2006. Breeding of winter-hardy Alstroemeria. 2006 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #40 p. 44.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and Hyatt, L. 2006. Using high tunnels for producing field grown cut flowers. 2006 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #40 p. 26.
  • Bridgen, M.P., Miller, W. and Hyatt, L. 2006. Forcing lilies to flower in the field during August and September. 2006 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #40 p. 27.
  • Bridgen, M.P., Saska, M., and Hyatt, L. 2006. Breeding and plant development of Chilean geophytes. 2006 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #40 p. 45.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and Hyatt, L. 2006. Cultivar trials of mini poinsettias. 2006 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #40 p. 45.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and Hyatt, L. 2006. Painting poinsettias with Fantasy Colors. 2006 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #40 p. 45.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and Hyatt, L. 2006. Reduction of nutrient leaching from in field pots of chrysanthemums. 2006 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #40 p. 54.
  • Bridgen, M.P., Saska, M., and Hyatt, L. 2006. Long Island evaluations of herbaceous perennial plants. 2006 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #40 p. 54.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and Hyatt, L. 2006. 2006 chrysanthemum cultivar evaluations. 2006 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #40 p. 54.
  • Bridgen, M.P., Miller, W. and Hyatt, L. 2006. Growing spring flowering daffodils as field grown cut flowers. 2006 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #40 p. 26
  • Bridgen, M.P. and Hyatt, L. 2006. Field grown cut flowers. 2006 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #40 p. 26.


Progress 01/01/05 to 12/31/05

Outputs
Traditional plant breeding procedures are being used in cooperation with in vitro techniques for the genetic hybridization of ornamental plants and development of new ornamental plants for the commercial market. Specific in vitro techniques that are being used include somaclonal variation, embryo culture, somatic embryogenesis, mutation breeding, and meristem culture for the production of pathogen-free plants. In addition, innovative plant production techniques with propagation and cultural procedures are being investigated in preparation for the commercial introduction of these new plants. Once new plant cultivars and novel species are identified, they are compared to traditional cultivars and production procedures to assess their commercial value. Campsis radicans, or the trumpet vine, is one of the projects. This plant is a fast growing, high climbing deciduous woody vine that will grow to heights up to 40 ft. This common vine has been cultivated in North America since colonial times. It will grow quickly and cover fences and other structures easily. The trumpet vine is one of the best plants for attracting hummingbirds and produces quantities of nectar rich blossoms all summer long. There are few commercial cultivars that are available for this landscape plant, and flower colors are limited to orange, brown/red, and yellow. Seeds of this plant were harvested in 2005 and sterile in vitro cultures were established in the tissue culture laboratory. Procedures to produce unorganized callus tissue from these plants are being developed. Then, when sufficient callus exists, it will be mutated in vitro. Plants will be regenerated from these cells and it will be determined if new varieties have been produced through somaclonal variation. New flower colors and variegated leaves are the goals for this project. This project also includes research with several different species of herbaceous perennial plants. Biotechnological breeding techniques are being used to produce novel cultivars. As hybrids and new cultivars are developed, research will be completed to develop commercial production and propagation protocols for them. These new cultivars will be grown at Cornell Universitys Long Island Research Center in its 3 acre trial gardens and evaluated under Long Islands climatic conditions. Their maintenance, flower and foliage integrity, period of bloom, winter hardiness, and insect and disease resistance will be recorded and reported to the nursery and greenhouse industries. The trial site also serves as a tool to promote the new herbaceous ornamental plants. By the end of the project, new cultivars will be released to the American market.

Impacts
There is a continuous demand for new and special products in the floricultural market. This need is especially true with herbaceous perennial plants. This insatiable demand encourages the discovery of new genetic sources for commercial introduction. Research has shown that there is a wealth of genetic variability that has yet to be discovered or studied. This research is very unique and may be the only kind in the world with the species proposed. This project allows the development of new commercial, ornamental plants that can be used to keep our horticultural production systems highly competitive in the global economy. Biotechnology provides exciting new opportunities for creating new products and stimulating economic development in a timely fashion. Although plant breeding is a long term proposition, measurable milestones can be developed quickly by incorporating biotechnological technologies. This project is utilizing in vitro tools along with traditional breeding approaches to develop and commercialize a group of popular herbaceous perennial plants. With the current interest in and demand for herbaceous plants, the project is timely and represents a significant step towards the use of a basic science for the development of an applied product. The continued growth and competitiveness of the American industry depends on the development of new herbaceous ornamental plants. This research is proactive and addresses an important horticultural need.

Publications

  • Bridgen, M. 2005. Growth of mini-poinsettias. 2004 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #39 p. 45.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2005. Friends of Long Island Horticulture announce 2005 grant recipients. Suffolk County Ag News. Vol. 89(5): 13-14.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2005. Seed dormancies and their regulation for germination. Horticulture News. Vol. 89. June.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2005. Barbecue Added to July 26 Plant Science Day. Horticulture News and Suffolk County Ag News. Vol. 89(6): 19.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2005. The Adrian Bloom Garden at Cornell Universitys Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center. Suffolk Times.
  • Bridgen, M, Miller, W. and M. Saska. 2005. Growing spring-flowering bulbs and dahlias as field-grown cut flowers. 2004 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #39 pp. 30.
  • Bridgen, M. and M. Saska. 2005. Preplant growth regulator dips with Easter lily bulbs. 2004 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #39 p. 44.
  • Bridgen, M. and M. Saska. 2005. Using high tunnels for producing field-grown cut flowers. 2004 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #39 p. 29.
  • Bridgen, M.and M. Saska. 2005. Field grown cut flowers. 2004 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #39 p. 29.
  • Bridgen, M. and M. Saska. 2005. 2005 Chrysanthemum cultivar evaluations. 2004 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #39 p. 51.
  • Bridgen, M., Saska, M. and K. Bethune. 2005 Long Island evaluations of herbaceous perennial plants. 2004 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #39 p. 50.
  • Bridgen, M., Saska, M. and L. Hyatt. 2005. Breeding and plant development of Chilean geophytes. 2004 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #39 p. 44.
  • Bridgen, M., Saska, M. and L. Hyatt. 2005. Mutation breeding of Campsis Radicans,the trumpet vine. 2004 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #39 p. 51.
  • Bridgen, M., Saska, M., Hyatt, L. and E. Kollman. 2005. Breeding of winter-hardy Alstroemeria. 2004 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #39 p. 44.
  • Kollman, E. and M. Bridgen. 2005. Interspecificic hybridization of a white-flowered, cold-hardy Alstroemeria. HortScience 40(4):1003-1004.
  • Miller, W. and M. Bridgen. 2005. Companion planting of bulbs and herbaceous ornamental plants. 2004 Annual Report, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University. Riverhead, NY. Publication #39 p. 51.
  • Wyskiewicz, C. and M. Bridgen. 2005. Genotypic and environmental effects on cut flower production of Liatris. M.S. thesis. University of Connecticut.


Progress 01/01/04 to 12/31/04

Outputs
Achimenes, or the hot water plant, is a member of the Gesneriaceae. Achimenes were a popular potted plant in the mid 1800s, and have recently made resurgence in popularity. However, Achimenes are not a well known potted plant crop. There has been little work investigating the physiology of Achimenes, primarily the details regarding rhizome formation and the dormancy mechanism. Several studies were designed to further describe Achimenes. A cultivar evaluation was conducted in order to better characterize growth habits and plant qualities. These included weeks to flower, flower size and foliage characterization, including susceptibility to water spotting. Genotypes differed in many of the parameters measured. To better understand the dormancy mechanism and rhizome formation in whole plants, two different experiments testing varying photoperiods, long days (LD) and short days (SD) were carried out. It was determined that SD enhance the number of rhizomes developed, however LDs do not inhibit rhizome formation. In addition, to test whole plant responses, an investigation into rhizome formation, including shoot and stolon initiation was conducted on Achimenes leaf petiole cuttings. Results showed that stock plant leaf age had significant effect on rhizome, shoot, and stolon initiation. Old leaf tissue had a greater propensity to initiate rhizomes, 2 times more than that of young tissue. Young tissue responded with the production of shoots and stolons, 25 and 3.5 times more, respectively, than that of old tissue. Rhizome response was also promoted when leaf cuttings received a LD stock plant photoperiod followed by a SD propagation photoperiod. Research was conducted to describe the dormancy period in five Achimenes cultivars. Rhizomes were harvested and stored, and planting groups were removed after 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks. Results indicate that the dormancy periods for cultivars tested vary, and in some cultivars, as shoot growth was observed in less than four weeks after one month of storage. No differences were observed on subsequent growth, including shoot emergence and flowering after shoot initiation. An experiment was designed to test the effects of ethephon and the number of applications on Achimenes. Applications of one, two, or three times of 0, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm ethephon, along with a manual pinch were applied to three cultivars. Several parameters measured showed results often observed with ethephon applications. These included increased branching and delay of flowering. However, height control was only observed after one application.

Impacts
The floriculture and nursery industries have been the fastest growing agricultural sectors in the United States. Nearly one third of the forty-four billion dollars in horticulture sales in 2002 were from floral and nursery crops. These include bedding plants, cut flowers, and potted plants. Potted flowering plants rank second to bedding plants in the industry. The state of New York now ranks fifth nationally for its value in floricultural crops. In the last twenty five years, there has been a growing interest in new crops as customer preferences change. There is a desire for new, different and exciting crops for outdoor planting, but also for gift-giving holidays and other occasions. New crops are needed to compliment popular staple bedding plant species. New, non-traditional crops may not only satiate the consumer demand, but provide growers and producers with alternative crop products. It is important for growers to understand the physiology and response mechanisms for the various species with which they work. Clearer knowledge and understanding of growth and development for new crops are essential to optimize pot plant production.

Publications

  • Armitage, A.M. M.P. Bridgen, A. J. Both, D. Hamrick, R.D. Heins, W.B. Miller, G.L. Staby, T.C. Weiler and W.R. Woodson. 2004. Views of floriculture in the last 25 years. HortScience.
  • Olate, E. and M. Bridgen. 2004. Techniques for the in vitro propagation of Rhodophiala and Leucocoryne spp. Acta Horticulturae (In Press).
  • Miller, C.T. and M. Bridgen. 2004. Photoperiod and stock plant age effects on shoot, stolon, and rhizome formation response from leaf cuttings of Achimenes. Acta Horticulturae (In Press).
  • Yanez, P., Bridgen, M., Penailillo, P., Schiappacasse, F. 2004. Propagation Studies on Chilean Geophytes. Acta Horticulturae (In Press).
  • Miller, C.T. and M.P. Bridgen. 2004. Photoperiod and stock plant age effects on rhizome, shoot, and stolon initiation from Achimenes leaf petiole cuttings. Proceedings of the International Plant Propagators Society. Volume 54.
  • Miller, Chad. 2004. Greenhouse production studies with the new greenhouse crop, Achimenes. M.Sc. thesis. Cornell University.
  • Bridgen, M.P. and M. Saska. 2004. Pre-Plant Growth Regulator Dips with Easter Lily Bulbs. Greenhouse Grower. December.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2004. Fund-Raiser for Friends of LI Horticulture a Big Success! Ag News. June.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2004. Put August 17 on your calendar for Plant Science Day 04. Ag News. June.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2004. Opportunities for Collaborative Research on Long Island. Ag News. April.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2004. Friends of Long Island Horticulture announce 2004 Grant Recipients. Ag News. April.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2004. Have a meal with your friends in agriculture. Ag News. April.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2004. Growing annual and perennial plants for their cut flowers. Suffolk Times Newspaper. March.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2004. Using high tunnels for field-grown cut flowers. Mid-Atlantic Grower. February.


Progress 01/01/03 to 12/31/03

Outputs
During 2003, we took the geophytic species that were collected in Chile during 2002 and forced them to flower in the Cornell University greenhouses. The species that responded best were Rhodophiala bagnoldii, Rhodophiala phycelldoides, Rhodophiala advena, Alstroemeria magnifica, Alstroemeria hookeri, Alstroemeria werdemanii, Zephyra elegans, several Leucocoryne species, Pasithea caerulia, Conanthera bifolia, Conanthera campanulata, Conanthera trimaculata, Fortunata, and Leontochir ovallei. The time to flower from bulb initiation was recorded. Interspecific and intraspecific crosses were made with all of these species. There was very poor seed set with all Conanthera species, the Pasithea, and the Zephyra. We suspect that high humidity may have been a factor with this problem. Pollinations with all of the other species resulted in successful fertilization. However, many of the interspecific crosses required embryo culture techniques to rescue the hybrids. Different procedures to culture these embryos were evaluated. After embryos germinated, the plants were grown in vitro until the point where they were large enough to propagate. When two or more plants of each were produced, one of the clones for each of the crosses was saved as a germplasm source and the other clone was subcultured onto a medium for root initiation. The plants on root initiation media are getting prepared to grow in vivo. Next year, they will be grown in the greenhouse and they should flower in 3 to 5 years. In addition to the species above, several studies with Achimenes were performed. This research evaluated the influences of tissue age and photoperiod on rhizome, shoot and stolon initiation. Results from our research indicated that the age of Achimenes stock plants clearly influenced their responses in the propagation phase. Cuttings that were taken from old stock plants were more likely to form rhizomes. Cuttings that were taken from young stock plants were more likely to form vegetative growth structures, such as shoots and stolons. The results show that young stock plants were 24 times more likely to form shoots than old stock plants. In addition, young stock plant material was 3.5 times more likely to form stolons. This suggests that the age of stock plant tissues has an effect on the partitioning of assimilates into the induction of dormancy. The probability of rhizome formation was significantly higher when cuttings were propagated under short days, regardless of which photoperiod stock plant were given. This suggests that short days promote the development of rhizomes.

Impacts
There is a wealth of plant species that have yet to be discovered and studied. In addition, the continuous demand for new and special products in the floricultural market encourages the discovery of new genetic sources in areas that are less exploited. In that sense, Chile and other South American countries present a unique botanical condition with an enormous potential. This research is very unique and the only kind in the world with the species proposed. This project allows the development of new commercial, ornamental plants that can be used to keep our agricultural production systems highly competitive in the global economy. It will also provide enhanced economic opportunity and quality of life for Americans.

Publications

  • Bridgen, M.P. 2003. Breeding new Chilean bulb species. HortScience 38(5): 678-679.
  • Miller, C. and Bridgen, M.P. 2003. Effects of photoperiod and plant age on leaf cuttings of Achimenes. HortScience 38(5):752.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2003. What is new at the Long Island Horticultural Research and Extension Center? Suffolk County Agriculture News. Vol. 87(7):4-5.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2003. Floriculture and greenhouse horticulture field day scheduled in Ithaca on August 16. Suffolk County Agriculture News. Vol. 87 (7):20.
  • Bridgen, M.P., M. Saska, and J. Burns. 2003. Florel on poinsettias. Greenhouse Management & Production. August: 40-42.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2003. Friends of Long Island Horticulture announce 2003 grant recipients. Suffolk County Agriculture News.
  • Bridgen, M.P. 2003. Annual Report for the Long Island Horticultural Research and Extension Center. Publication 16. Cornell University.


Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02

Outputs
During 2002, rain was plentiful in the Atacama Desert of Chile. The flowering desert allowed several bulbs and seeds of various novel plant species to be collected in Chile. Geophytic plants that were collected included, but were not limited to, Rhodophiala bagnoldii, Rhodophiala phycelldoides, Rhodophiala advena, Alstroemeria magnifica, Alstroemeria gayana, Alstroemeria werdemanii, Zephyra elegans, Zephyra compacta, several Leucocoryne species, Pasithea caerulia, Conanthera bifolia, Conanthera campanulata, Conanthera trimaculata, and Leontochir ovallei. Dormancy studies were begun on many of the bulbs to determine optimum storage temperatures and storage duration. A breeding plan was developed for the Leucocoryne, Rhodophiala, and Conanthera species, and traditional plant breeding procedures were used for genetic hybridization. In vitro techniques such as embryo culture and micropropagation were used to assist the traditional breeding techniques. Detailed studies to develop embryo culture procedures for Leucocoryne, Conanthera, and Rhodophiala began. Propagation studies on the bulbs of Rhodophiala were begun to compare the procedures of scaling, scoring, and division. While collecting plants in Chile, a new biotechnological procedure was used to harvest immature seeds from geophytic plant species without destroying the plants from which they were taken. On average, contamination rates from these aseptic procedures were less than 20-30 percent. Germination of the cultured ovules and growth of cultured embryos was as high as 90 percent, but in some cases was unsuccessful depending on the species and conditions. Overall, success rates of aseptic ovules that have been rescued from native plants have averaged 70-90 percent success rates.

Impacts
The continuous demand for new and special products in the floricultural market encourages the discovery of new genetic sources in areas that are less explored. Chile and other South American countries present a unique botanical condition with an enormous potential. This project allows the development of new commercial, ornamental plants that can be used to keep our agricultural production systems highly competitive in the global economy.

Publications

  • Bridgen, M and E. Olate. 2001. Alstroemeria, it s not just a cut flower. Greenhouse Product News. February: 18 19.
  • Bridgen, M. 2001. Plant collecting in Chile. Connecticut Horticulture Society Newsletter. 44(6): 5-6.
  • Bridgen, M. 2002. A nondestructive harvesting technique for the collection of native geophyte plant species. Herbertia 56:51-60.
  • Bridgen, M.P., E. Olate, and F. Schiappacasse. 2001. Flowering geophytes of Chile. Acta Hort.