Progress 10/01/00 to 09/30/06
Outputs
Released the Bish strawberry, the first cultivar that combines adaptation to plasticulture with superior fruit quality, good productivity, size, and resistance to fruit rot caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. Identified a total of 395 C. acutatum resistant seedling selections from short-day crosses, and 82 C. acutatum resistant day-neutral seedling selections. These C. acutatum resistant selections originated from the cooperative screening program with Dr. Barbara Smith at the USDA laboratory at Poplarville, MS. At the end of the reporting period, NCS 93-05 is the short-day strawberry selection of most immediate interest for release as a new cultivar, and it is planned for release in 2007. NCS 93-05 is at least one week earlier ripening than Camarosa. It was equal to Camarosa and Chandler for yield in 2006. Fruit size of NCS 93-05 is equal to Camarosa and larger than Chandler. Fruit firmness and skin toughness are superior to Chandler, but not quite equal to Camarosa.
The fruit is equal to Camarosa for attractiveness, symmetry and color. Flavor is equal to Chandler and better than Camarosa. NCL 03-05 and NCL 03-06 continue to be the most promising C. acutatum resistant day-neutral selections. Eight C. acutatum resistant day-neutral selections identified in 2005 also appear to be quite promising and are being meristemmed and virus tested. these eight selections are equally as firm as Camarosa, and develop flavor and sweetness much earlier in the ripening process than the latter cultivar.
Impacts
The Bish strawberry released in 2003 has provided the strawnerry industry in the upper piedmont, Appalachians, and Middle Atlantic regions with a plasticulture adapted cultivar that combines superior quality and good size and productivity with resistance to fruit rot caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. NCS 93-05, when released in 2007, will provide the strawberry industries in the southeastern US with an additional early-ripening cultivar with large size and good productivity and quality. Ten C. acutatum resistant day-neutral selections are also quite promising as potential future cultivars.
Publications
- Shuman, J. L. 2001. Anthracnose fruit rot resistance in strawberry. Ph D Dissertation, N. C. State university, Raleigh, NC.
- Ballington, J. R., B. J. Smith, S. C. Hokanson, J. L. Shuman and G. Gimenez. 2002. Breeding strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa) for resistance to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. Acta. Hort. 567:89-97.
- Cook, S. M. 2002. Runner plant production and the effect of light intensity on flower and fruit development in day-neutral strawberries. MS Thesis, N. C. State University, Raleigh, NC.
- Gimenez, G. and J. R. Ballington. 2002. Inheritance of resistance to Colletotrichum acutatum Simmonds on runners of garden strawberry and its backcrosses. HortScience 37:686-690.
|
Progress 10/01/04 to 09/30/05
Outputs
NCS 93-05 and NCC 99-13 are the elite breeding selections that continue to be most promising overall as potential new cultivars in the near future. Currently these are slated for release in 2007. Among newer short-day selections, NCC 00-37, NCC 01-09, NCC 02-30, and NCC 02-63 appear most promising across locations in North Carolina. All these latter selections, as well as NCC 99-13 were prescreened for anthracnose resistance as seedlings at Poplarville, MS. Among elite day-neutral selections identified at Laurel Springs in 2003, NCL 03-05 and NCL 03-06 are most promising as potential cultivars. Both these were also prescreened for anthracnose resistance as seedlings. At Castle Hayne, 77 new short-day strawberry selections were identified in 2005, and 38 day-neutral selections at Laurel Springs. Forty-three of the short-day selections and all the day-neutral selections were prescreened for anthracnose resistance as seedlings. Eighty successful strawberry crosses were
made in Raleigh in 2005, with emphasis on backcrossing day-neutral 'Pink Panda' hybrids to large and firm-fruited short-day types.
Impacts
Due to delays in plant production in the North Carolina Foundation Plant program, NCS 93-05 and NCC 99-13 will not be released until 2007. Upon their release they will provide a large fruited high quality early cultivar to start the saeson (NCS 93-05) and an anthracnose resistant main season cultivar to replace the present standard cultivar Chandler (NCC 99-13).
Publications
- Ballington, J. R. 2005. Performance of day-neutral strawberries in western North Carolina. HortScience 40:891.
|
Progress 10/01/03 to 09/30/04
Outputs
Determined that the elite strawberry selections NCS 93-05 and NCC 99-13 are worthy of release as new plasticulture adapted cultivars for North Carolina and the southeastern USA. NCS 93-05 is a early midseason ripening selection that produces good yields of very large high quality fruit. It is not resistant to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum but it is resistant to red stele. NCC 99-13 was prescreened aganist anthracnose at Poplarville, MS, by USDA plant pathologist Dr. Barbara Smith, and determined to be resistant, It is a midseason to late midseason ripening selection that has consistently equaled or outyielded the standard plasticulture cultivar 'Chandler. Negotiated a formal agreement with INIA/Uruguay for joint release of the elite very early ripening INIA selection D15.01 in the US. D15.01 has shown resistance to anthracnose both in Uruguay and the US. All three of these selections are currently being increased through the North Carolina Strawberry
Foundation Plant Program to build up sufficient numbers of plants for release in 2005/2006. Identified 27 new strawberry selections among seedling progenies established at Castle Hayne and Laurel Springs, NC. Fourteen of these new selections are day-neutral. Made 100 successful strawberry crosses.
Impacts
Strawberry anthracnose is one of the major factors limiting strawberry production in North Carolina. Genetic resistance to this disease is the only viable long term solution to this problem. The NCSU strawberry breeding program, in cooperation with the USDA Station at Poplarville, MS, is the only major program in the US that is systematically breeding for resistance to this disease. Upon their release in 2005/2006 NCC 99-13 and D15.01 will provide strawberry growers in the southeastern US with two additional plasticure adapted cultivars with anthracnose resistance. NCS 93-05 will also provide another large-fruited high quality cultivar for growers in the region.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
|
Progress 10/01/02 to 09/30/03
Outputs
NCR 95-08 was released in 2003 as a new plasticulture-adapted strawberry cultivar named Bish. It is the first strawberry cultivar that combines superior fruit quality with good productivity and size, along with resistance to anthracnose fruit rot. Bish ripens with Camarosa and a little earlier than Chandler, the current standard cultivars. In replicated and grower trials in North Carolina, South Carolina and Maryland, NCS 93-05(early), NCC 99-13(late), and NCC 99-27(late) appeared most promising as potential future cultivars. NCS 93-05 produces large size high quality very attractive fruit, and is resistant to red stele but not anthracnose. NCC 99-13 and NCC 99-27 were prescreened for anthracnose resistance in a cooperative program with the USDA/Poplarville, MS, station. Both are highly productive and have no weaknesses with the exception of excessive vigor with NCC 99-27. Twenty anthracnose-screened day-neutral seedlings were selected for superior fruit
characteristics and productivity from among 400 seedlings established at the Upper Mountain Research Station at Laurel Springs, NC. These are the first anthracnose reistant day-neutral seedlings that have been identified. Everest and Seascape continued to look promising for all-summer production of day-neutral strawberries at Laurel Springs. One hundred successful strawberry crosses were made in 2003.
Impacts
Strawberry anthracnose is one of the major factors limiting strawberry production in North Carolina. Genetic resistance to this disease is the only viable long term solution to this problem. The NCSU strawberry breeding program, in cooperation with the USDA Station at Poplarville, MS, is the only major program in the US that is systematically breeding for resistance to this disease. Bish, the first high quality cultivar with anthracnose fruit rot resistance, will provide growers with a viable alternative option to the use of fungicides for control of this disease.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
|
Progress 10/01/01 to 09/30/02
Outputs
It was determined that elite strawberry selection NCR 95-08 is worthy of release as a new cultivar, and release is planned for 2003. NCR 95-08 will be the first strawberry cultivar that combines superior fruit quality with good productivity and size, and resistance to anthracnose fruit rot. In replicated trials at Fletcher and Reidsville, NC, NCC 99-27 and NCC 00-19 were identified as quite promising potential cultivars for the future. Both were developed through the cooperative NCSU/USDA-Poplarville, MS, anthracnose resistance screening program. Both these genotypes have very high yield potential and good size and firmness, and are at least average for all other traits evaluated. In duplicate plot trials at Reidsville and Fletcher involving 110 new selections selected following anthracnose screening at Poplarville and field evaluation at Clinton, NC, for other fruit and plant traits, NCC 01-37 was also determined to show a great deal of promise as a future potential
cultivar. It was also determined that Seascape and Everest are promising day-neutral cultivars for all-season production in the mountains of northwestern North Carolina. One hundred six new strawberry selections were identified at Clinton in spring 2002. All these were prescreened at Poplarville for anthracnose resistance, and then evaluated at Clinton for other fruit and plant traits. These included 73 selections that appeared to have some cultivar potential, and 33 strictly parental selections. Fifty varietal-type strawberry crosses were made in February and March, 2002, at Raleigh, NC.
Impacts
Strawberry anthracnose is the major factor limiting strawberry production in North Carolina and the entire southeastern US. Genetic resistance to this disease is the only viable long term solution to this problem. the NCSU strawberry breeding program, through its cooperative work with the USDA station at Poplarville, MS,is the major program in the US that is systematically breeding for resistance to this disease. When NCR 95-08 is released in 2003 it will be the first cultivar that combines superior fruit quality and good productivity with resistance to anthracnose fruit rot.
Publications
- Ballington, J. R., Smith, B. J., Hokanson, S. C., Shuman, J. L. and Gimenez, G. 2002. Breeding strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa) for resistance to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. Acta. Hort. 567:89-92.
- Gimenez, G. and Ballington, J. R. 2002. Inheritance of resistance to Colletotrichum acutatum Simmonds on runners of garden strawberry and its backcrosses. HortScience 37:686-690.
- Cook, S. M. 2002. Runner plant production and the effect of light intensity on flower and fruit development in day-neutral strawberries. MS Thesis, North Carolina State University.
|
Progress 10/01/00 to 09/30/01
Outputs
Elite selection NCR 95-08 continued to look very promising as a potential cultivar with good "field resistance" to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. It is tentatively planned for release in 2003. One hundred thirty-six new selections were identified in 2001. One hundred twenty of these were seedlings prescreened for anthracnose resistance in a cooperative program with Dr. Barbara Smith at the USDA Small Fruit Research Station at Poplarville, MS. Fifty-five of these selections show some varietal promise, the remaining 65 were selected for their potential as parents. The remaining 16 new selections were made from an open-pollinated progeny of the Fragaria moschata cultivar Perfumata. One hundred one strawberry crosses were successfully made in 2001. These included 20 crosses for determining how resistance to anthracnose on fruit is inherited. Of the remaining crosses, there were 39 June-bearing varietal-type crosses, 14 day-neutral crosses, and 38 crosses
to incorporate higher levels of anthracnose from Fragaria virginiana.
Impacts
North Carolina State University has the only strawberry breeding program in the southeastern USA that is systematically breeding for resistance to strawberry anthracnose, one of the most serious factors limiting production throughout the eastern US. Strawberry growers in North Carolina and throughout this region are ultimately dependent on the NCSU breeding program for development of adapted high quality cultivars that are resistant to this disease. NCR 95-08 will be the first release that will meet this need.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
|
|