Progress 10/01/05 to 09/30/06
Outputs
This 'umbrella' project that encompassed all of the freshwater fisheries and habitat research in the Department now has been terminated, and in its place, individual faculty members have established (or soon will establish) issue-specific CRIS projects that will allow for a more clear presentation of yearly activities in this general area of research.
Impacts
Legislatively appointed citizen management boards to help make lake management decisions are directly using information obtained through the freshwater group's research efforts. The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection are also directly using the information in the development of proposed fisheries and environmental management plans. Water quality data generated through the freshwater group's Florida LAKEWATCH program now provides the Florida Department of Environmental Protection with up to thirty percent of their available data on lakes. Fisheries research projects over the past year have contributed to protection of bass and other economically important fish in Florida lakes, rivers and coastal waters.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 07/01/01 to 07/01/06
Outputs
OUTPUTS: This 'umbrella' project that encompassed all of the freshwater fisheries and habitat research in the Department now has been terminated, and in its place, individual faculty members have established (or soon will establish) issue-specific CRIS projects that will allow for a more clear presentation of yearly activities in this general area of research. This project increased our understanding of factors that influence the biological structure (algae, aquatic weeds, and fish), function, and productivity of Florida's diverse freshwaters in order to promote wise management. This research project used a suite of observational and experimental approaches to address the issues listed above, including: analysis of regional water quality and fisheries data collected in the Florida LAKEWATCH program; analysis of data collected in ongoing long-term comprehensive sampling in selected Florida freshwater ecosystems; innovative methods of tracking fish movements with remote telemetry; process-oriented observational and experimental studies in lake, river and spring ecosystems; and focused investigations on responses of fish, habitat and food resources to agency-driven management programs. Research conducted during the project provided objective science that has been used by state and federal agencies to support planning processes related to minimum flows and levels in Florida lakes, establishment of total maximum daily loads for nutrients, and approaches for restoration of degraded fisheries habitat in lakes with stabilized water levels. Our work dealing with toxic algae in major lakes and rivers provided information regarding possible controlling factors and the extent of toxicity relative to similar blooms that occur in temperate regions. Research collected under the Florida LAKEWATCH program identified historic trends in water quality of Florida lakes and also identified how fish and aquatic plants vary as a function of physical and chemical attributes in lake ecosystems. Fisheries research identified how population dynamics of largemouth bass and other sport fish are affected by variations in water level and habitat structure. The faculty working under this project published a wide array of papers in top tier peer-reviewed scientific journals and submitted a large number of technical reports to state and federal agencies in support of their resource management programs. Faculty also organized and led workshops and expert review panels related to major issues of freshwater resource management in Florida. PARTICIPANTS: The principal investigators collected, analyzed, interpreted and reported on data. Collaborators assisted in these tasks, including M. Rogers, R. Myers, M. Binford, K.I. Tugend, M.J. Mann, R.W. Bachmann, M.V. Hoyer, S.B. Vinzon, S. Badylak, K. Kelley, E.L. Bledsoe, D.E. Jett, K.A. Donnelly, T.F. Bonvechio, J. Hauxwell, C.W. Osenberg, K.E. Havens, D. Fox, S. Gornak, J.E. Hill, J. E. L.G. Nico, CC.R. Gilbert, S.K. Notestein, R.T. James, C.T. Mallison, S. Youn, R. Pinto-Coelho, B. Pinel-Alloul and G. Methot. Partners include Florida's water management districts, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. TARGET AUDIENCES: The project reached citizens, government officials, employees of government agencies, teachers, students and scientists through reports, journal articles, presentations, workshops and training sessions. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
Legislatively appointed citizen management boards that help make decisions about managing lakes use information obtained through the freshwater group's research efforts. The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection also are using this information in the development of proposed fisheries and environmental management plans. Water quality data generated through the freshwater group's Florida LAKEWATCH program provides the Florida Department of Environmental Protection with up to thirty percent of their available data on lakes. Fisheries research projects contributed to protection of bass and other economically important fish in Florida lakes, rivers and coastal waters.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 10/01/04 to 09/30/05
Outputs
Rapid population growth is causing changes in Florida's freshwater resources that are negatively influencing native flora and fauna including economically important fisheries. The purpose of this project is to learn more about the factors that influence the biological (algae, aquatic weeds, and fish) structure, function, and productivity of Florida's diverse freshwaters in order to help promote their wise management. This research project uses a suite of observational and experimental approaches to address the issues listed above, including: analysis of regional water quality and fisheries data collected in the Florida LAKEWATCH program; analysis of data collected in ongoing long-term comprehensive sampling in selected Florida freshwater ecosystems; innovative methods of tracking fish movements with remote telemetry; process-oriented observational and experimental studies in lake, river and spring ecosystems; and focused investigations on responses of fish, habitat
and food resources to agency-driven management programs. During the period from October 2004 to 2005 research conducted under this program has provided objective science that has been used by state and federal agencies to support planning processes related to minimum flows and levels (MFL) in Florida lakes, establishment of total maximum daily loads (TMDL) for nutrient loading, and approaches for restoration of degraded fisheries habitat in lakes with stabilized water levels. Our work dealing with toxic algae in major lakes and rivers has provided information regarding possible controlling factors and extent of toxicity relative to similar blooms that occur in temperate regions. Research collected under the Florida LAKEWATCH program has identified historic trends in water quality of Florida lakes and also has identified how fish and aquatic plants vary as a function of physical and chemical attributes in lake ecosystems. Fisheries research has identified how population dynamics of
largemouth bass and other sport fish are affected by variations in water level and habitat structure. The faculty working under this project have published a wide array of papers in top tier peer-reviewed scientific journals and submitted a large number of technical reports to state and federal agencies in support of their resource management programs. Faculty also have organized and led workshops and expert review panels related to major issues of freshwater resource management in Florida.
Impacts
Legislatively appointed citizen management boards to help make lake management decisions are directly using information obtained through the freshwater group's research efforts. The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection are also directly using the information in the development of proposed fisheries and environmental management plans. Water quality data generated through the freshwater group's Florida LAKEWATCH program now provides the Florida Department of Environmental Protection with up to thirty percent of their available data on lakes. Fisheries research projects over the past year have contributed to protection of bass and other economically important fish in Florida lakes, rivers and coastal waters.
Publications
- Badylak, S. and E.J. Phlips. 2004. Spatial and temporal patterns of phytoplankton composition in a subtropical coastal lagoon, the Indian River Lagoon, Florida. USA. Journal of Plankton Research 26:1229-1247.
- Allen, M.S., M. Rogers, R. Myers and M. Binford. 2005. Simulated impacts of tournament-associated mortality on largemouth bass fisheries. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 24:1252-1261.
- Allen, M.S., K.I. Tugend and M.J. Mann. 2004. Largemouth bass abundance and angler catch rates following a habitat enhancement project at Lake Kissimmee, Florida. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 23:845-855.
- Bachmann, R.W., M.V. Hoyer and D.E. Canfield, Jr. 2004. Aquatic plants and nutrients in Florida lakes. Aquatics 26:4-11.
- Bachmann, R.W., M.V. Hoyer, S.B. Vinzon and D.E. Canfield, Jr. 2005. The origin of the fluid mud layer in Lake Apopka, Florida. Limnology and Oceanography 50:629-635.
- James, R.T. and K.E. Havens. 2005. Outcomes of extreme water level fluctuation on water quality of offshore and nearshore regions in a large shallow subtropical lake. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 163: 225-239.
- Mallison, C.T. and C.E. Cichra. 2004. Accuracy of angler-reported harvest in roving creel surveys. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 24:880-889.
- Phlips, E.J., S. Badylak, S. Youn and K. Kelley. 2004. The occurrence of potenially toxic dinoflagellates and diatoms in a subtropical lagoon, the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, USA. Harmful Algae 3:39-49.
- Bledsoe, E.L., E.J. Phlips, D.E. Jett and K.A. Donnelly. 2004. The relationships among phytoplankton biomass, nutrient loading and hydrodynamics in an inner-shelf estuary. Ophelia 58:29-47.
- Badylak, S., K. Kelley and E.J. Phlips. 2004. A description of Pyrodinium bahamense (Dinophyceae) from the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, USA. Phycologia 43:653-657.
- Bonvechio, T. F. and M. S. Allen. 2005. Relations between hydrologic variables and year class strength of sportfish in eight Florida waterbodies. Hydrobiologia 532:193-207 .
- Hauxwell, J., T.K. Frazer and C.W. Osenberg. 2004. Grazing by manatees excludes both new and established wild celery transplants: implications for restoration in Kings Bay, FL, USA. Journal of Aquatic Plant Management 42:49-53.
- Hauxwell, J.A., C.W. Osenberg and T.K. Frazer. 2004. Conflicting management goals: manatees and invasive competitors inhibit restoration of a native macrophyte. Ecological Applications 14:571-586.
- Havens, K.E. 2005. Lake Okeechobee: hurricanes and fisheries. LakeLine 25:25-28.
- Havens, K.E., D. Fox and S. Gornak. 2005. Aquatic vegetation and largemouth bass population responses to water level variations in Lake Okeechobee, Florida (USA). Hydrobiologia 539:225-237.
- Hill, J. E. and C. E. Cichra. 2005. Eradication of a reproducing population of convict cichlids. Cichlosoma nigrofasciatum, (Cichlidae), in North-central Florida. Florida Scientist. 68:65-74.
- Hill, J.E., L.G. Nico, C.E. Cichra and C.R. Gilbert. 2004. Prey vulnerability to peacock cichlids and largemouth bass based on predator gape and prey body depth. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the SEAFWA 58:47-56.
- Hoyer, M.V., T.K. Frazer, S.K. Notestein and D.E. Canfield. 2004. Vegetative characteristics of three low-lying Florida coastal rivers in relation to flow, light, salinity and nutrients. Hydrobiologia 528:31-43.
- Pinto-Coelho, R., B. Pinel-Alloul, G. Methot and K.E. Havens. 2005. Crustacean zooplankton in lakes and reservoirs of temperate and tropical regions: variation with trophic status. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62: 348-361.
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Progress 10/01/01 to 10/01/02
Outputs
The overall objective of the Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences' freshwater research group is to advance basic and applied knowledge of the biological structure, function, and productivity of Florida's diverse freshwater ecosystems. Knowledge derived from the freshwater group's research programs on the factors that influence the biological structure, function, and productivity of the freshwater ecosystems is then used to help promote the wise management of these resources. During the period between October 2001 and October 2002, water quality research projects have been ongoing to examine long-term trends in nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton biomass in lakes and rivers. Specific efforts have been made to determine the causes and consequences of algal blooms. Work has also continued on establishing long-term fish population trends and the influence of nutrients, aquatic macrophytes and water levels on fish abundance. Efforts have continued to evaluate
the relationships among fishes and their aquatic habitats including the effect of habitat complexity and abiotic factors on fish community composition, fish abundance and fish size structure. Major efforts have been directed towards evaluating the effectiveness of water management strategies in maintaining or re-establishing the integrity of lakes like Lake Apopka and Lake Okeechobee. Results of the research strongly suggest the efforts to control nutrients from agricultural lands will fail to improve the lakes as nutrient inputs are not the reason the lakes are in the condition that they currently exhibit. The success of the TEAM (Together for Environmental Assessment and Management) approach at Lake Tsala Apopka has led to the initiation of projects at East Lake and Lake Wales. Hillsborough County requested the East Lake project and the Lake Wales project was requested by the City of Lake Wales because of their need for establishing comprehensive, workable, freshwater ecosystem
management programs for these water bodies. Fisheries research has included work on popular sport fish as well as endangered and threatened species. We have evaluated factors influencing recruitment of black crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus and largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, both very popular sport fish, in several Florida lakes. Additionally we have assessed population viability of endangered Gulf of Mexico sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus de sotoi in the Suwannee River, Florida. These projects have already contributed to the management of fisheries in the state. Seventeen major refereed publications were produced to present the freshwater group's research findings to the scientific community. The group also produced numerous reports that have been submitted to the funding agencies, as well as popular articles intended to educate the public. Because of a need to communicate more effectively with non-scientific community (the general public) five major information circulars were
produced and distributed. Information presented in the circulars dealt with subjects ranging from definitions to factors influencing algae and water clarity
Impacts
Legislatively appointed citizen management boards to help make lake management decisions are directly using information obtained through the freshwater group's research efforts. For example, the Harris Chain of Lakes Restoration Council is using the information developed for Lakes Apopka and Griffin to develop an economically feasible restoration plan for the Harris Chain of Lakes. The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection are also directly using the information in the development of proposed fisheries and environmental management plans. Water quality data generated through the freshwater group's Florida LAKEWATCH program now provides the Florida Department of Environmental Protection with up to sixty percent of their available data. Fisheries research projects over the past year have contributed to protection of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon in the Suwannee River, Florida as well as recommendations for
habitat enhancement to improve largemouth bass fisheries in Florida lakes.
Publications
- Hoyer, M. V., T. K. Frazer, S. K. Notestein, and D E. Canfield Jr. 2002. Nutrient, chlorophyll, and water clarity relationships in Florida's nearshore coastal waters with comparisons to freshwater lakes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59:1024-1031.
- Moye, H. A., C. J. Miles, E. J. Phlips, B. Sargent and K. K. Merritt. 2002. Kinetics of uptake mechanisms for monomethylmercury between freshwater algae and water. Environmental Science and Technology 36:3550-3555.
- Phlips, E. J. 2002. The state of toxic freshwater algae in Florida. Aquatics 24:8-19.
- Phlips, E. J. 2002. Eutrophication and algae. In G. Bitton, Ed., Encyclopedia of Environmental Microbiology. Wiley & Sons. New York.
- Hanlon, S. G., M. V. Hoyer, C. E. Cichra, and D. E. Canfield Jr. 2001. Evaluation of macrophyte control in 41 Florida lakes using triploid grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) at different stocking rates. Journal of Aquatic Plant Management 38: 48-54.
- Hoyer V. M, and D. E. Canfield Jr. 2001. Aquatic vegetation and fisheries management. Lakeline: 20-22.
- Nagid, E. J., D. E. Canfield, Jr., and M. V. Hoyer. 2001. Wind-induced increases in trophic state characteristics of a large (27 km2), shallow (1.5 m mean depth) Florida lake. Hydrobiologia: 455: 97-110.
- Tugend, K. I., and M. S. Allen. 2001. Habitat structures in lakes and reservoirs: if you build it, will they come? Lakeline, a publication of the North American Lake Management Society 21(3):23-25.
- Bachmann, R. W., C. A. Horsburgh, M. V. Hoyer, L. K. Mataraza and D. E. Canfield Jr. 2002. Relations between trophic state and plant biomass in Florida lakes. Hydrobiologia 470: 219-234.
- Canfield, D. E. Jr., C. D. Brown, R. W. Bachmann and M. V. Hoyer. 2002. Volunteer lake monitoring: Testing the reliability of data collected by the Florida LAKEWATCH program. Lake and Reservoir Management 18: 1-9.
- Willis J. D., M. V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr. and William, J. Lindberg. 2002. Training Grass Carp to respond to sound for potential lake management uses. North American Journal of Fish management. 22: 208-212.
- Phlips, E. J., E. Bledsoe, M. Cichra and S. Badylak. 2002. The distribution of potentially toxic algae in Florida. Proceedings of the Florida Department of Health Symposium on the Toxic Algae Threat in Florida. St. Petersburg, Florida, September 2002.
- Tate, W. B., and M. S. Allen. 2002. Simulated impacts of juvenile mortality on Gulf of Mexico sturgeon populations. Freshwater Systems, The Scientific World 2:270-274.
- Tugend, K. I., M. S. Allen, and M. Webb. 2002. Use of artificial habitat structures in U. S. lakes and reservoirs: a survey from the Southern Division AFS Reservoir Committee. Fisheries 27:22-25.
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Progress 10/01/00 to 10/01/01
Outputs
The overall objective of the Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences' freshwater research group is to advance basic and applied knowledge of the biological structure, function, and productivity of Florida's diverse freshwater ecosystems. Knowledge derived from the freshwater group's research programs on the factors that influence the biological structure, function, and productivity of the freshwater ecosystems is then used to help promote the wise management of these resources. During the period between October 2000 and October 2001, water quality research projects have been ongoing to examine long-term trends in nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton biomass in lakes and rivers. Specific efforts have been made to determine the causes and consequences of algal blooms. Work has also continued on establishing long-term fish population trends and the influence of nutrients, aquatic macrophytes and water levels on fish abundance. Efforts have continued to evaluate
the relationships among fishes and their aquatic habitats including the effect of habitat complexity and abiotic factors on fish community composition, fish abundance and fish size structure. Major efforts have been directed towards evaluating the effectiveness of water management strategies in maintaining or re-establishing the integrity of lakes like Lake Apopka and Lake Okeechobee. Results of the research strongly suggest the efforts to control nutrients from agricultural lands will fail to improve the lakes as nutrient inputs are not the reason the lakes are in the condition that they currently exhibit. The success of the TEAM (Together for Environmental Assessment and Management) approach at Lake Tsala Apopka has led to the initiation of projects at East Lake and Lake Wales. Hillsborough County requested the East Lake project and the Lake Wales project was requested by the City of Lake Wales because of their need for establishing comprehensive, workable, freshwater ecosystem
management programs for these water bodies. Fisheries research has included work on popular sport fish as well as endangered and threatened species. We have evaluated factors influencing recruitment of black crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus and largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, both very popular sport fish, in several Florida lakes. Additionally we have assessed population viability of endangered Gulf of Mexico sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus de sotoi in the Suwannee River, Florida. These projects have already contributed to the management of fisheries in the state. Twenty-two major refereed publications were produced to present the freshwater group's research findings to the scientific community. The group also produced numerous reports that have been submitted to the funding agencies. Because of a need to communicate more effectively with non-scientific community (the general public) five major information circulars were produced and distributed. Information presented in the
circulars dealt with subjects ranging from definitions to factors influencing algae and water clarity.
Impacts
Legislatively appointed citizen management boards to help make lake management decisions are directly using information obtained through the freshwater group's research efforts. For example, the Harris Chain of Lakes Restoration Council is using the information developed for Lake Apopka to develop an economically feasible restoration plan for the Harris Chain of Lakes, which include Lake Apopka. The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection are also directly using the information in the development of proposed fisheries and environmental management plans. Water quality data generated through the freshwater group's Florida LAKEWATCH program now provides the Florida Department of Environmental Protection with up to sixty percent of their available data. Fisheries research projects over the past year have contributed to protection of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon in the Suwannee River, Florida as well as
recommendations for habitat enhancement to improve largemouth bass fisheries in Florida lakes.
Publications
- Allen, M. S., and Pine, W. E. 2000. Detecting fish-population responses to a minimum length limit: effects of variable recruitment and duration of evaluation. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 20:672 -682.
- Allen, M. S., and Miranda, L. E. 2001. Quasi-cycles in crappie populations are forced by interactions among population characteristics and environment. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 58:594-601.
- Bachmann, R. W., Hoyer, M.V, and Canfield Jr., D.E. 2000. Internal Heterotrophy Following the Switch from Macrophytes to Algae in Lake Apopka, Florida. Hydrobiologia. 418: 217-227.
- Bachmann, R. W., Hoyer, M.V, and Canfield Jr., D.E. 2000. The Potential for Wave disturbance in Shallow Florida Lakes. Lake and Reservoir Management 16:281-291.
- Bachmann, R. W., Hoyer, M.V, and Canfield Jr., D.E. 2001. Sediment removal by the Lake Apopka marsh flow-way. Hydrobiologia 448:7-10.
- Bachmann, R. W., Hoyer, M.V, and Canfield Jr., D.E. 2001. Evaluation of recent limnological changes at Lake Apopka. Hydrobiologia 448:19-26.
- Brenner, M., Smoak, J. M., Allen, M. S., Schelske, C. L., and Leeper, D. A. 2000. Biological accumulation of radium in a groundwater-augmented lake. Limnology and Oceanography. 45:710 -715.
- Brown, C. D., Hoyer, M. V., Bachmann R.W. and Canfield, Jr, D. E.. 2000. Nutrient-Chlorophyll Relationships: An Evaluation of Empirical Nutrient-Chlorophyll Models Using Florida and North-Temperate Lake Data. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57/8:1574-1583.
- Canfield Jr., D.E., Bachmann, R.W. and Hoyer, M.V. 2000. A Management Alternative for Lake Apopka. Lake and Reservoir Management 16: 205-221.
- Hanlon, S. G., Hoyer, M .V., Cichra, C. E. and Canfield, Jr, D. E.. 2000. Evaluation of Macrophyte Control in 41 Florida Lakes Using Triploid Grass Carp. Journal of Aquatic Plant Management 38: 48-54.
- Hoyer, M. V., Winn, J. and Canfield Jr., D. E. 2001. Citizen monitoring of aquatic bird populations using a Florida lake. Lake and Reservoir Management 17:82-89.
- Tugend, K., and Allen, M. S. 2000. Temporal dynamics of zooplankton density and community composition in Lake Wauberg, Florida. Florida Scientist. 63:142 -154.
- VanGenechten, D., and Cichra, C. E. 2000. Effects of habitat and season on fish communities of the Wekiva River system, Florida. Lake and Reservoir Management 20: 123 -124.
- Florida LAKEWATCH. 2000. A Beginner's Guide to Water Management-The ABCs, Descriptions of Commonly Used Terms. Gainesville: University of Florida/IFAS, Information Circular #101. 39 pp.
- Florida LAKEWATCH. 2000. A Beginner's Guide to Water Management - Nutrients. Gainesville: University of Florida/IFAS, Information Circular #102. 32 pp.
- Florida LAKEWATCH. 2000. A Beginner's Guide to Water Management - Water Clarity. Gainesville: University of Florida/IFAS, Information Circular #103. 33 pp.
- Miranda, L. E., and Allen, M. S. 2000. Use of length limits to reduce variability in crappie fisheries. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 20:752 - 758.
- Miranda, L. E., Driscoll, M. P., and Allen, M. S. 2000. Transient microhabitats allow fish survival in inhospitable plant stands. Freshwater Biology. 44:617 -628.
- Myers, R. A., Allen, M. S., and Colle, D. 2000. Production and stocking evaluation of black crappie in a Florida Lake. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 20:534 -537.
- Phlips, E. J., Cichra, M., Aldridge, F. J., Hendrickson, J., Jembeck, J., and Brody, R. 2000. Light availability and variations in phytoplankton standing crops in a nutrient-rich blackwater river. Limnology and Oceanography. 45:916-929.
- Pine, W. E. III., Allen, M. S. and Dreitz. V. 2001. Population viability of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon in the Suwannee River, Florida.Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 130:1164-1174.
- Florida LAKEWATCH. 2001. A Beginner's Guide to Water Management - Lake Morphometry. Gainesville: University of Florida/IFAS, Information Circular #104. 32 pp.
- Pine, W. E. III, and Allen M. S. 2001. Differential growth and survival of weekly age-0 black crappie cohorts in a Florida Lake. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 130:80-91.
- Schultz E. J., Hoyer, M. V. and Canfield Jr., D. E. 2001. Reply to comment: An index of Biotic Integrity: A test with limnological and fish data from sixty Florida lakes. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 130:169-172.
- Terrell, J. B., Watson, D. L., Hoyer, M. V., Allen, M. S., and Canfield, Jr., D. E. 2000. Temporal water quality trends (1967-1997) for a sample of Florida waterbodies. Lake and Reservoir Management. 16:177 -194.
- Florida LAKEWATCH. 2001. A Beginner's Guide to Water Management - Symbols, Abbreviations & Conversion Factors. University of Florida/IFAS, Information Circular #105. 36 pp.
- Allen, M. S., Hoyer, M. V. and Canfield Jr., D. E. 2000. Factors related to gizzard shad and threadfin shad occurrence and abundance in Florida lakes. Journal of Fish Ecology 57: 291-302.
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