Progress 10/01/99 to 09/30/05
Outputs
Individual studies on 35 pesticide crop combinations were initiated in 2005. The studies were selected from the IR-4 high priority list that was developed at the Ornamentals Workshop in Hartford, Connecticut. The workshop results represent input from pesticide manufacturers, formulators, ornamental crop producers, and ARS and land grant university scientists. These projects included insecticides, herbicides and plant growth regulators. The pesticides studied represent new chemistries and compounds that have a lower use risk than currently labeled products. The projects will be completed in the spring of 2006. Plant evaluation studies with herbaceous and woody plants were continued. These plants were evaluated for their landscape performance in central Illinois. New woody plant cultivars were evaluated as to their winter hardiness. The studies in 2005 focused on 30 woody plant taxa and 700 herbaceous plant taxa. Root architecture studies were initiated with Quercus
alba, Quercus muhlenbergii, Quercus rubra and Quercus coccinea. Planting depth studies were initiated using 4 tree taxa. Bareroot trees liners were planted at three depths and in another study three mulching depths were applied to two tree species. This study is a joint effort supported by Illinois green industry organizations.
Impacts
Crops in IR-4 studied will have economic significance to Illinois growers. The expansion of pesticides labels to include the data for the crops tested in Illinois will provide growers and landscape professionals with better chemical pest management alternatives than those currently being used. The label expansions will provide growers with pesticides that have lower risk and more efficacy than pesticides currently on the market. Green industry professionals are supporting research to develop standardized planting specifications for the more than 500,000 trees planted each year in Illinois.
Publications
- Samtani, J.B., Kling, J.G. and Williams, D.J. 2004. Landscape waste pellets as a herbicide carrier from container-grown landscape plants. Weed Technology (Accepted).
- Jarecki, M., Kling, J.G. and Williams, D.J. 2005. Effect of planting depth on the growth of four taxa of shade trees. Proceeding from the Root Architecture Symposium, Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois.
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Progress 01/01/04 to 12/31/04
Outputs
Individual studies on 25 pesticide crop combinations were initiated in 2004. The studies were selected from the IR-4 high priority list that was developed at the Ornamentals Workshop in Hartford, Connecticut. The workshop results represent input from pesticide manufacturers, formulators, ornamental crop producers, and ARS and land grant university scientists. These projects included insecticides, herbicides and plant growth regulators. The pesticides studied represent new chemistries and compounds that have a lower use risk than currently labeled products. The projects will be completed in the spring of 2005. The data collected on Viola, pansy, and poinsettia crops 2003 were completed and submitted to IR-4 headquarters to support label expansions on ornamental crops. Plant evaluation studies with herbaceous and woody plants were continued. These plants were evaluated for their landscape performance in central Illinois. New woody plant cultivars were evaluated as to
their winter hardiness. The studies in 2004 focused on 30 woody plant taxa and 656 herbaceous plant taxa. Root architecture studies were initiated with Quercus alba, Quercus muhlenbergii, Quercus rubra and Quercus coccinea. Planting depth studies were initiated using 4 tree taxa. Bareroot trees liners were planted at three depths and in another study three mulching depths were applied to two tree species. This study is a joint effort supported by the Illinois green industry organizations
Impacts
Crops in IR-4 have economic significance to Illinois growers and expansion of pesticides labels to include these crops will provide growers and landscape professionals with better chemical pest management alternatives then those currently being used. The label expansions will provide growers with pesticides that have lower risk and more efficacy than pesticides currently on the market. Green industry professionals are supporting research to develop standardized planting specifications for the more than 500,000 trees planted each year in Illinois.
Publications
- Samtani, J.B., Kling, G. and Williams, D.J. 2004 Landscape waste pellets as a herbicide carrier for container-grown landscape plants. HortScience (Submitted).
- Williams, D.J. 2005. Guidelines for managing weeds in landscape plantings and nursery crops. Chapter 2 in Commercial Landscape & Turfgrass Pest Management Handbook.
- Anderson, D. and Williams D.J. 2004. Miles C. Hartley Selections Garden 2003 Trials Evaluation Report. Arboretum Series 04-001. pp.1-40.
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Progress 01/01/03 to 12/31/03
Outputs
Individual studies on 35 pesticide crop combinations were initiated in 2003. The studies were selected from the IR-4 high priority list that was developed at the Ornamentals Workshop in Houston. The workshop results represent input from pesticide manufacturers, formulators, ornamental crop producers, and ARS and land grant university scientists. These projects included insecticides, herbicides and plant growth regulators. The pesticides studied represent new chemistries and compounds that have a lower use risk than currently labeled products. The projects will be completed in the spring of 2004. Plant evaluation studies with herbaceous and woody plants were conducted. These plants were evaluated for their landscape performance in central Illinois. New woody plant cultivars were evaluated as to their winter hardiness. The studies in 2003 focused on 30 woody plant taxa and 656 herbaceous plant taxa. The principal investigator participated in the Fourth National Nursery
Survey conducted by this regional project coordinated by the University of Tennessee and Texas A & M University. Results are anticipated in 2004. The principal investigator conducted a survey to determine the potential paying markets for compost. Approximately 2,275 syrveys were mailed to members of horticultural trade associations in Illinois. A 33.7% return rate was achieved and analyzed. A majority of the respondents have used compost and a majority were satisfied with the results. The primary reasons cited for using compost were related to soil tilth, building humus content of soil and increased plant growth. Respondents reported dvelopment of quality standards for compost would encourage use. The data collected in the IR-4 studies will be submitted by the IR-4 National Headquarters to support label expansions on ornamental crops. The expansion of the pesticides labels will provided growers and landscape professionals with better chemical pest management alternatives then those
currently being used. The label expansions will provide growers with pesticides that have lower risk and more efficacy than pesticides currently on the market.
Impacts
Results from the compost survey of the horticulture industry will be used to justify the development of state standards for compost. The data from the IR-4 studies will result in additional pesticide labels providing needed tools for nursery crop growers, greenhouse crop producers and landscape managers. Data from the fourth national nursery survey will provide researchers, extension personnel and industry participants with understanding and insight regarding trends and structural changes impacting the competitive position of producers in various parts of the country.
Publications
- Anderson, D. and Williams D.J. 2003. Miles C. Hartley Selections Garden 2003 trials evaluation report. Arboretum Series 03-001. pp.1-35.
- Walker, P., Williams, D.J. and Waliczek, T.M. 2004. An analysis of horticulture as a potential value-added market for compost. Compost Science and Utilization (Submitted).
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Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02
Outputs
Individual studies on 48 pesticide crop combinations were initiated in 2002. The studies were selected from the IR-4 high priority list that was developed at the Ornamentals Workshop in Houston. The workshop results represent input from pesticide manufacturers, formulators, ornamental crop producers, and ARS and land grant university scientists. These projects included insecticides, herbicides and plant growth regulators. The pesticides studied represent new chemistries and compounds that have a lower use risk than currently labeled products. The projects will be completed in the spring of 2003. The principal investigator served as a technical editor for the S-290 Regional Project publication Enhancing Profitability in Greenhouse Firms (NRAES-164). Plant evaluation studies with herbaceous and woody plants were conducted. These plants were evaluated for their landscape performance in central Illinois. New woody plant cultivars were evaluated as to their winter
hardiness. The studies in 2002 focused on 42 taxa of species and shrubs roses.
Impacts
The data collected in the IR-4 studies will be submitted by the IR-4 National Headquarters to support label expansions on ornamental crops. The expansion of the pesticides labels will provided growers and landscape professionals with better chemical pest management alternatives then those currently being used. The label expansions will provide growers with pesticides that have lower risk and more efficacy than pesticides currently on the market. Roses with that did not demonstrate acceptable winter hardiness in 2002 were individuals in the Dreams series. This new group of roses will not be commended for use in central Illinois. Floral Carpet and Meidilandii roses exhibited excellent winter hardiness and disease resistance. More than 500 commercial landscape professional, nursery crop producers and landscape managers viewed research results at an open house which will effect cultivar availability to consumers resulting in fewer plant problems in the landscape.
Publications
- Williams, D.J. 2002. Commercial Landscape and Turfgrass Pest Managenment Handbook. Chapter 1 Guidelines for managing weeds in landscape and nursery plantings.
- Williams, D.J. 2002 University of Illinois all American selections trial garden. In: Miles C. Hartley Selections Garden at the Arboretum. Arboretum Series 02-1, Universuity of Illinois Arboretum.
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Progress 01/01/01 to 12/31/01
Outputs
The combined value of the green industry product sales and service sector receipts amounts to $3.28 billion. Product sales are as follows: $889,486,000 nurseries and garden centers, $5,722,000 Christmas trees, $38,706,000 sod and grass with a wholesale total of $18,264,000. The retail sales include $228,248,000 from nurseries and garden centers, $433,127,000 from florists and $22,478,000 from other retails sales categories. The service sector data shows $64,741,000 in landscape design only, $1,458,346,000 in landscapew and lawn care, $91,536,000 in tree care and $29,132,000 in interiorscape service receipts. The green industry workforce in Illinois has an annual payroll of more than 1.74 billion. In conjunction with the IR-4 program the PI has established a research center for ornamentals which initiated 28 herbicide, 15 plant growth regulator and 25 insecticide studies in this fiscal year.
Impacts
The green industry study has resulted in a statewide coalition of green industry groups which is investigating ways to provide more finanacial and in-kind support for research and outreach programs in the state of Illinois. The Ir-4 work is expected to be incorporated into pesticide registration packages being developed by the national IR-4 office in support of more than 50 registrations for use on ornamental crops.
Publications
- CAMPBELL, G., HALL, J., BRAZEE, A., ENDRESS, A., VOIGT, T and WARNOCK, D. 2001. The Illinois green industry economic impact, structure and characteristics. NRES Report Series 2001-01.
- WILLIAMS, D.J., NIXON, P., WEISBROOK, M., MOHRER, M. and PAULSRUD, B. 2001. Illinois Pesticide Applicators Training Manual, Ornamentals 39-3 (Revised).
- WILLIAMS, D. Mature tree care. Proceedings of The Southern Illinois Grounds Maintenance Conference Arboretum Series 2001-01.
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