Progress 10/01/09 to 09/30/14
Outputs
Target Audience: The NADP provides fundamental measurements that support informed decisions on environmental and agricultural issues related to precipitation and deposition chemistry, as well as atmospheric mercury and ammonia. NADP data are relevant to a wide audience and available to all. Data from our monitoring effort are used by a wide range of scientists for a number of research topic areas (see publications). Our data are used by policymakers to make informed decisions on agriculturally important topics. Our data are also used in many different educational areas including chemical, agricultural, and environmental sciences; are used at many different educational levels including elementary, secondary and post-secondary; and are used for many different theses and dissertations (see publication record). All data are available free of charge via the NADP website (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu). Changes/Problems: There were no major changes/problems with the NADP approach. The NADP is an ongoing research support and monitoring project. A change in equipment (digital precipitation gages) did occur over the past five years, but this did not change the project approach, but it did improve the quality of the data collected. As discussed in other sections, the addition of bromide deposition measurements was completed during the past 5 years that adds data to the NADP project. The NADP is constantly discussing additional capabilities to add to the NADP standard measurements. Specific examples of this were the Soybean rust measurements, and the nuclear measurements associated with the Fukushima nuclear disaster (both discussed previously). What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? During the past five years, the NADP has converted from on-site, annual operator training sessions to online monthly training video conferences. The first video training was conducted in 2012 and this practice continues to date. The objective was to improve sampling techniques for site operators, to provide this training more often, and to save funding of travel support for attendees. An overall improvement in the number of trainees did occur, and the financial savings have been realized. For all classes, the focus is on further training of the NADP site operators to improve their sampling technique with our continually changing site operator network. Additionally, at several of our annual meetings, we held onsite operator training sessions. These were reasonably well attended, but were discontinued in 2011 in favor of our video conferences. Additionally, during two separate fall meetings, we had two workshops for 1) "Total Deposition" to discuss specific methods and procedures that could be adopted for some of our data, and make new estimates of fluxes available, and 2) a workshop on "Atmospheric Nitrogen", in support of the new interests in nitrogen compounds, and in organic nitrogen in particular. At both workshops, the attendees were a mix of policy professionals and scientists who would all use the information. These workshops gave these participants a forum to address what data would be most useful, and how the data would be developed. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Internet disbursement of data is the primary route of dissemination for the NADP project. Web statistics show annually that we are reaching our stakeholders and targeted populations, and that the percentage breakdown of these users remains relatively fixed: federal and state agencies (app. 40%), universities (36%), K to 12 schools (16%), and others (8%). During this five year period, download statistics (see table statistics nearby) have shown increases in the number of registered data users each year. Note that the 2012 count is incomplete due to a server change, and that website improvements have in part reduced download numbers. From Sept 2009 to Aug. 2014, NADP recorded 135,700 data downloads from our site, with 121,000 map downloads. Registered users of our data continue to be strong over all years, and demonstrate that NADP continues to be relevant to the scientific and educational communities. Distribution of our printed Map Summaries also is an important part of our dissemination of NADP information and data products (maps, all networks, etc.). During each of the past 5 years, the NADP printed 2000 copies of our Map Summary (FY 2010-2014). The NADP distributes annual map summaries online (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/lib/dataReports.aspx) and mails approximately 1500 hardcopies to members of the Technical Committee each year. During each year, we have very few map summaries remaining (distribution of 2013 continues). Additionally, the individual maps within the summary are also available online. As mentioned previously, the ERO Subcommittee is planning to release a quarterly NADP newsletter (November 1, 2014 was the first issue), and has initiated an NADP presence on social media through Facebook and Twitter (Fall 2014). A significant portion of the Newsletter releases will be a recent NADP map products with a short explanation. This is aimed at nonprofessionals and educators. The Twitter feed is designed to build an audience (again of nonprofessionals, but also educators and other interested parties to alert them to new products, updates from NADP, and new educational products as they become available. Both the newsletter and the Twitter feed will increase the information dissemination and the community of interest size beyond just researchers and scientists. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Since 1978, the NADP has provided fundamental measurements to support informed decisions on environmental and agricultural issues related to the ambient concentration and wet deposition of atmospheric pollutants in North America. From 2010 - 2014, NADP data were cited in over 700 peer-reviewed publications and book chapters. Data from the NADP's five monitoring networks were downloaded over 135,000 times by approximately 35,000 registered data users. These data users represent federal and state agencies (40% of users), universities (36%), K-12 students and educators (16%) and others (8%). Each year, NADP data are used by policy makers to make informed decisions on agriculturally important topics, including the impact of atmospheric pollutant fallout on the North American food supply. Data are also used in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) curricula on the elementary, secondary, and post-secondary level. All data are available free of charge (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu). Notable outcomes during the FY 2010 - 2014 reporting period are as follows: Wet deposition sample concentrations and fluxes were reported from 66,400 NTN, 5,600 AIRMoN, and 29,000 MDN samples. Ambient concentration data from 5,900 AMoN samples and over 250,000 hours of AMNet data were added to the NADP databases. All data are available on the NADP website, and were summarized in annual maps. The NADP hosted five annual technical committee meetings and scientific symposia to review data processing algorithms and to present and share data from stakeholders. Attendance was over 800 from academic, government, and tribal organizations. Started two new networks, the Atmospheric Mercury Network (AMNet), and the Ammonia Monitoring Network (AMON). Began a formal effort to estimate dry deposition, towards an estimation of total deposition (wet plus dry). The U.S. Geological Survey supported a study with NADP to assess the impact and geographic extent of radioactive fallout from the March 2011 nuclear incident at Fukushima Dai-ichi in Japan. Within this national research support project (NRSP), there are three stated goals: 1) management and coordination of the five NADP monitoring networks; 2) site support, chemical analysis, and data validation for network sites directly supported by this agreement; and 3) quality assurance and quality control activities to ensure consistent operation and standard operational procedures. During this annual period, all three of our goals were met. These same goals were repeated over the 5-year project period. Major Activity 1: Our principal output is the collection and analysis of precipitation chemistry and atmospheric chemistry samples. For all of these networks, 124,000 samples were collected of the four types, along with over 250,000 observations from the AMNet. Specifics are included in the products section of this report and in this table. Major Activity 2: The NADP makes our collected data available to support research and education. We do this through a web-available database, and through our annual map series and map summary. All of these analytical results, organized by site and date, are available here (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/data/). Each calendar year the NADP produces a series of 23 national maps of wet deposition concentration and flux maps for all of our analytes and networks. For the gaseous networks, we produce similar types of summary figures. Each map summary is available here (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/lib/dataReports.aspx), and the 2014 will be produced in summer 2015. Goals 2 and 3 are completed for each year before the data is released in final form and maps are generated. Therefore, all Objectives (goals) were met for each year of the project. Results Achieved: As a National Research Support Project, our results are the data and the database as described above. Research results are the journal articles are described in the Products Section of this report (articles listed are only a subset of the 700+ articles that use or reference NADP data over the five year period). All publications can be seen here (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/lib/bibliography.aspx). During the past 5 years, several other very important results have occurred beyond our basic mission and goals. New Networks. 1. NADP scientists initiated the low-cost Ammonia Monitoring Network (AMoN). Ammonia is causing great concern among agriculture and air pollution scientists. The network is currently operating (http://nadpweb.sws.uiuc.edu/nh3net/) and growth has been very rapid and the passive measurements allow for deployment in remote locations. 2. The Atmospheric Mercury Network (AMNet) was initiated to estimate mercury dry deposition. Scientists have determined that dry deposition may be the major mercury deposition contributor. Continuous analyzers measure elemental and gaseous oxidized mercury, along with mercury associated with particulates. Measurement began in 2009 and the AMNet is currently operating at 18 sites in the US, Canada, and Taiwan. 3. The new Mercury Litterfall mercury monitoring initiative is measuring mercury and methyl mercury in forest litterfall (leaves, twigs, etc.). These dry deposition estimates will complement the MDN wet deposition mercury monitoring and the dry deposition estimates from the AMNet. The initiative is now in its third year, with analysis and field support provided by the USGS. This network has not yet received full network approval. New Analytes. 1. The NTN and AIRMoN added the analysis of bromide ion to the routine analytes of all samples. This was added at some sites in 2009 and extended to all sites in 2011. Bromide is released into the environment via natural and anthropogenic processes, including agricultural fumigants and flame-retardants. 2. NADP has developed and tested methodology for routine analysis of organic nitrogen in wet deposition samples. The organic component of total nitrogen deposition is of particular interested for some scientists, including agriculture researchers. The methods are available now, and could begin with Executive Committee approval. Continued Quality Assurance Audits NADP contract laboratories and the Program Office are each reviewed annually in rotation to identify problems, improve performance, and provide external checks to the program. These audits are a mix of external and NADP member scientists. The CAL was audited in 2011 and 2014; the HAL in 2012; and the Program Office in 2010 and 2013. Results were reporting back to the Executive Committee at the respective Fall meetings. Equipment Upgrade Originating with a Technical Committee decision in 2006, the NADP has converted the overwhelming majority of its older-style mechanical precipitation gages to digital-style precipitation gages. There are only about 40 sites remaining unchanged, representing < 15% of the network. Important Data Use Congress established the Science Advisory Board(SAB) in 1978 with broad mandates to advise EPA on technical matters. The SAB's Integrated Nitrogen Committee has finalized its report (final, August 18, 2011, http://yosemite.epa.gov/sab/sabproduct.nsf/WebBOARD/INCSupplemental?OpenDocument), which uses NADP measurements to support many advisory. Additionally, the TDEP subcommittee is considering making routine estimates (through modeling) of dry deposition of gaseous mercury using the measurements made in the AMNet. This represents an important step forward for NADP, because it will add to our wet deposition measurements the important "dry" deposition component (i.e., without precipitation). It will provide researchers with another component of "total" deposition, or wet deposition plus dry deposition. Another improvement to the database and quality assurance is to digitize all of the individual field records (back to 1978) and make them available to researchers.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Stets, E.G., Kelly, V.J. and Crawford, C.G. Long-term trends in alkalinity in large rivers of the conterminous U.S. in relation to acidification, agriculture, and hydrologic modification. Science of Total Environment 488: 280-289.
The authors estimate the impact of agriculture (among other factors) on the alkalinity trends of large rivers in the U.S. Using long-term alkalinity trends across all major river basins, the authors found a significant relationship to agricultural lime usage within most river basins, but not all. NADP data for nitrogen and sulfate wet deposition were used from all stations over many years to determine atmospheric input of acidification ions, and their change over time as input for their estimations.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Walker, J.T., Robarge, W.P. and Austin, R. Modeling of ammonia dry deposition to a pocosin landscape downwind of a large poultry facility. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 185: 161-175.
A bi-directional flux model was used to estimate nitrogen deposition fluxes near a poultry facility in North Carolina. The authors concluded that a significant increase in nitrogen loading to a nearby wildlife refuge was present and due to the nitrogen cycling within the poultry facility. Nitrogen wet deposition data from a North Carolina NADP site was used as model input for the study.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Fuss, C. Hydrochemical Dynamics Under Differing Winter Climate Regimes at the Hubbard Brook Experiment Forest. Doctoral Dissertation, Syracuse University.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Jones, R.C. Modeling to Improve Vegetation-Based Wetland Biological Assessment. Masters Thesis, Utah State University.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Moragas, B.A. Implementation, development and evaluation of the gas-phase chemistry within the Global/Regional NMMB/BSC Chemical Transport Model (NMMB/BSC-CTM). Doctoral Dissertation, Dept. of Earth Sciences, Barcelona Supercomputing Center- Centro, Nacional de Supercomputaci�n [BSC-CNS], Barcelona.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Rose, D.H. A Cumulative Damage Approach to Modeling Atmospheric Corrosion of Steel. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Dayton.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Sabo, R.D. Stage III N-saturated forested watershed rapidly responds to declining atmospheric N deposition. Masters Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Alshawaf, M. Impacts of U.S. Biofuels Mandates on Environmental and Energy Security. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Massachusetts-Boston.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Dangal, S.R., Felzer, B.S. and Hurteau, M.D. Effects of agriculture and timber harvest on carbon sequestration in the eastern U.S. forests. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 119: 35-54.
The authors developed a model (TEM-Hydro2) to quantify the effects of agricultural timber harvest, among other parameters, on the carbon sequestration within Eastern U.S. forests. The model concludes that, after disturbance and with higher carbon dioxide concentrations in the future, carbon sequestration would be significantly higher. NADP data was used from 4 stations to define current atmospheric nitrogen deposition for the regional predictions, and historical data was used to predict early and future deposition rates.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Meyer, N.A., Breecker, D.O., Young, M.H. and Litvak, M.E. Simulating the Effect of Vegetation in Formation of Pedogenic Carbonate. Soil Science Society of America Journal 78: 3:914-924. doi:10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0326.
The authors were investigating the impact of plant growth and microbial respiration on calcite accumulation in soils. The authors employed the HYDRUS-1D model to evaluate calcite dissolution with precipitation. The results showed different calcite accumulation rates in certain soil layers with and without vegetation present, and that accumulation was highest during early rooting activity. Therefore accumulation was seasonal based upon when the plants were initially growing. The study used multi-component NADP data from Bandelier National Monument, New Mexico.
|
Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13
Outputs
Target Audience: The NADP provides fundamental measurements that support informed decisions on environmental and agricultural issues related to precipitation and deposition chemistry, as well as atmospheric mercury and ammonia. NADP data are relevant to a wide audience and freely available to all (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu). Data from our monitoring effort is used by a wide range of scientists for a number of research topic areas (see publications). Our data is used by policymakers to make informed decisions on agriculturally important topics. Our data is also used in many different education areas including chemical, agricultural, and environmental sciences; is used at many different education levels including elementary, secondary and post-secondary; and is used for many different theses and dissertations (see publication record). All data are available free of charge via the NADP website. Changes/Problems: There were no major changes/problems with the NADP approach. The NADP is an ongoing research support and monitoring project. A change in equipment (digital precipitation gages) did occur over the past seven years, but this did not change the project approach. However, it did improve the quality of the data collected. This change was discussed in the previous section. As discussed in other sections, the addition of bromide deposition measurements was completed during the past year and adds data to the NADP project. The NADP is constantly discussing additional capabilities to add to the NADP standard measurements. Specific examples of this were the soybean rust measurements and the nuclear measurements associated with the Fukushima nuclear disaster (in previous years). What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? During the past year, the NADP has converted from on-site, annual operator training sessions to online monthly training video conferences. The first video training was conducted in 2012 and this practice continues to date. The objective was to improve sampling techniques for site operators, to provide this training more often, and to save funding of travel support for attendees. An overall improvement of in the number of trainees did occur, and the financial savings have been realized. Additionally, during the Fall 2013 meeting, we had a workshops on “Atmospheric Nitrogen”, in support of the new interests in nitrogen compounds, and in organic nitrogen in particular. At the workshop, the attendees were a mix of policy professionals and scientists who would all use the information, and gave these participants a forum to address what data would be most useful, and how the data would be developed. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Internet disbursement of data is the primary route of dissemination for the NADP project. Web statistics show annually that we are reaching our stakeholders and targeted populations, and that the percentage breakdown of these users remains relatively fixed: federal and state agencies (app. 40%), universities (36%), K to 12 schools (16%), and others (8%). During the last five years, download statistics have shown increases in the number of registered data users each year. For this period, NADP recorded 28,002 data downloads from our site, with 22,432 map downloads. Registered users of our data continue to be strong over all years, and demonstrate that NADP continues to be relevant to the scientific and educational communities. Distribution of our printed Map Summaries also is an important part of our dissemination of NADP information and data products (maps, all networks, etc.). During each of the past 5 years, the NADP printed 2,000 copies of our Map Summary (2008-2012). The NADP distributes annual map summaries online at (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/lib/dataReports.aspx) and mails approximately 1,500 hardcopies to members of the Technical Committee each year. During each year, we have very few map summaries remaining (distribution of 2012 continues). Additionally, the individual maps within the summary (discussed previously) are also available online. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? As stated previously, we met all of our goals for the year. However, we are always trying to add value to our data, and therefore add to the goals. During 2012, the NADP began to measure and report the concentration of bromide ion in all NADP samples as a routine analyte of the NTN and AIRMoN networks. Regular measurements are now available within the NADP database, and a national summary map was produced for 2012 (in FY13). A new litterfall mercury monitoring initiative (with approval as a network pending) began measurement on Sept 1, 2012, and continued through the end of this year. This network specifically measures mercury and methyl mercury in forest litterfall (leaves, twigs, etc.). These dry deposition estimates will complement the MDN and AMNet deposition monitoring. The network is to operate through 2016. Another improvement is to digitize all of the individual field precipitation records (back to 1978) and make them available to researchers via the NADP website, for a more complete site and sample collection record. This is ongoing and should be completed during 2014. Dry deposition estimates are planned for the gaseous measurements of the AMoN and AMNet networks using modelled estimates of deposition velocity. The Total Deposition Science Ad hoc Committee within NADP is charged with determining methods and protocols for the development of this dataset. This information will be very valuable to depositional researchers.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Since 1978, the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) has provided fundamental measurements to support informed decisions on environmental and agricultural issues related to the ambient concentration and wet deposition of atmospheric pollutants in North America. The NRSP-3 provides a framework for cooperation among State Agricultural Experiment Stations (SAES), the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and other cooperating governmental and non-governmental organizations. During 2013, NADP data were cited in over 200 peer-reviewed publications and book chapters. Data from the NADP’s five monitoring networks, namely the National Trends Network (NTN), Mercury Deposition Network (MDN), Atmospheric Mercury Monitoring Network (AMNet), Ammonia Monitoring Network (AMoN), and Atmospheric Integrated Research Monitoring Network (AIRMoN) were downloaded over 28,000 times by over 39,000 registered data users. Each year, NADP data are used by policy makers to make informed decisions on agriculturally important topics, including the impact of atmospheric pollutant fallout on the North American food supply. All data are available free of charge (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu). The NTN provides the only long-term nationwide record of basic ion wet deposition in the United States. Sample analysis includes free acidity (H+ as pH), specific conductance, and concentration and deposition measurements for Ca, Mg, Na, K, sulfate, nitrate, chloride, bromide (new), and ammonium. For 2013, 256 NTN stations were collecting one-week precipitation samples in 48 states, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Canada, and a new site in Argentina. Complementing the NTN is the seven-site AIRMoN. AIRMoN sites are essentially NTN sites operated on a daily basis (i.e., single precipitation events), with samples collected to support continued research of atmospheric transport and removal of air pollutants. The 107-site MDN offers the only long-term and routine measurements of mercury in North American precipitation. Measurements of total mercury concentration and deposition (and optional methyl-mercury) are used to quantify mercury deposition to water bodies, some of which have fish and wildlife mercury consumption advisories. The NADP operates two newer gaseous atmospheric chemistry networks: the AMNet and the AMoN. In each case, the network goal is to provide atmospheric concentrations of these particular gases, and then to estimate the rate of dry deposition (without precipitation) of the gas. For 2013, 18 AMNet sites were collecting five-minute estimates of gaseous elemental mercury and two-hourly average concentrations of gaseous oxidized mercury and particulate bound mercury. The AMoN had 61 sites operating in 2013, where two-week averages of atmospheric ammonia gas are being collected with passive devices. These data are particularly important to agriculture, since many sources of ammonia are agricultural in nature (Roadmap Challenge #6). Notable outcomes during 2013 reporting period are as follows: Wet deposition sample concentrations and fluxes were reported from 23,300 samples from the wet deposition networks. Ambient concentration data from 2,300 AMoN samples and over 30,000 hours of AMNet data were added to the NADP databases. All data are available on the NADP website, and were summarized in annual maps. The NADP hosted its annual technical committee meetings and scientific symposia to review data processing algorithms and to present and share data from stakeholders. Attendance was approximately 130 from academic, government, and tribal organizations. At the Spring 2011 Meeting, the NADP voted to modify NADP maps from an earlier discrete contour map style to a new continuous color gradient map, and to incorporate the Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) precipitation data. In 2012, the new map series was made available, going back to 1994, and the older-style maps are also still available through 2010. The new Mercury Litterfall mercury monitoring initiative operated for its first year, and measured mercury and methyl mercury in forest litterfall (leaves, twigs, etc.). These dry deposition estimates will complement the MDN and AMNet observations. The initiative is now in its second year, with analysis and field support provided by the USGS. This network has not yet received full network approval. In Fall 2012, the New York State Acid Rain Network joined with the NADP as part of the NTN by adding six new sites, including one in NYC. Within this national research support project (NRSP#3), there are three stated goals: 1) management and coordination of the five NADP monitoring networks; 2) site support, chemical analysis, and data validation for network sites; and 3) quality assurance and quality control activities to ensure consistent operation and standard operational procedures. During this annual period, all three of our goals were met. Major Activity 1: Our principal output is the collection and analysis of precipitation chemistry and atmospheric chemistry samples. For all of these networks, 25,671 samples were collected of the four types, along with approximately 30,000 observations from the AMNet. Specifics are included in the products section of this report. Major Activity 2: The NADP makes our collected data available to support research and education. We do this through a web-available database, and through our annual map series and map summary. All of these analytical results, organized by site and date, are available here (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/data/). Each calendar year the NADP produces a series of 23 national maps of wet deposition concentration flux maps for all of our analytes and networks. For the gaseous networks, we produce similar types of summary figures for year 2012 (Summer 2013). All maps are available here (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/lib/dataReports.aspx). The 2012 Map Summaries were produced in the fall of 2013. Objectives Met: Goals 2 and 3 are completed for each year before the data is released in final form and maps are generated. Therefore, all Objectives (goals) were met for FY13. Objectives Not Yet Met: None of our stated goals were unmet during the year. Results Achieved: As a National Research Support Project, our results are the data and the database as described previously. Research results are the journal articles are described in the Products Section (articles listed are a subset of the 206 articles that use or reference NADP data in 2013). Other Important Outcomes During the past year, several other very important results have occurred beyond our basic mission and goals, in response to the needs of stakeholders. New Analytes. The NTN and AIRMoN added the analysis of bromide ion to the routine analytes of all samples. During 2012 and 2013, bromide deposition maps were produced for the first time. Bromide is released into the environment via natural and anthropogenic processes, including agricultural fumigants and flame-retardants. This new analyte record adds value to the NADP dataset. Continued Quality Assurance Audits. NADP contract laboratories and the Program Office are each reviewed annually in rotation to identify problems, improve performance, and provide external checks to the program. These audits are a mix of external and NADP member scientists. The Program Office of NADP was audited in 2013. These audit results were reporting back to the Executive Committee at the Fall 2013 meeting. Equipment Upgrade: Originating with a Technical Committee decision in 2006, the NADP has converted the overwhelming majority of its older-style mechanical precipitation gages to digital-style precipitation gages. There are only about 40 sites remaining unchanged, as of FY14, representing < 15% of the network. The all-digital precipitation network will provide easier operation for site operators, provide better precipitation dataand save program funds.
Publications
- Type:
Books
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
A Listing of Textbooks that have used NADP maps and data:
Millard, S. P. Probability, Statistics and Information. Also w/ compendium of methods. Springer Science+Business Media NY. ISBN 978-1-4614-8455-4.
Harris, D.C. Exploring Chemical Analysis (in Chinese). W. H. Freeman and Co.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
A Listing of Dissertations and Theses that have used NADP maps and data:
Hale, R. L. Coupled Hydrology and Biogeochemistry in Social-Ecological Watersheds. Dissertation, Arizona State University.
Jones, G. B. Nutrient Dynamics in Cool-Season Pastures, Masters Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University).
Fleming, C. S. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Management in the Mid-Atlantic, Doctoral dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
As a National Research Support Project (NRSP-3), our main mission is to support research, and in particular to provide data for research journal articles and reports. Each year, the NADP compiles a list of research articles, reports and theses/dissertations that used NADP data or compared their results to NADP data. For calendar year 2013, 206 articles/reports were found. The annual bibliography of articles and reports can be found here:
http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/lib/bibliography.aspx.
In this report section, we have included example publications; thirteen agricultural-related publications for each year of the project.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Bash, J. O., Cooter, E. J., Dennis, R. L., Walker, J. T. and Pleim, J. E. Evaluation of a regional air-quality model with bidirectional NH 3 exchange coupled to an agroecosystem model. Biogeosciences 10(3): 16351645.
Bash et al. evaluated a U.S. EPA air quality model with respect to bi-directional ammonia exchange through incorporation of both NADP wet deposition data and the USDA Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) agroecosystem model (soil nitrogen model). EPIC was used to improve the nitrogen/ammonia emissions, and NAPD data from the entire NTN network (monthly and annual sums, for 2002) were used to evaluate the model results. By incorporating the EPIC model, significant model improvement of N aerosol concentration and N deposition was seen.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Blesh, J. and Drinkwater, L. E. The impact of nitrogen source and crop rotation on nitrogen mass balances in the Mississippi River basin. Ecological Applications 23(5): 10171035, http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/12-0132.1.
Blesh and Drinkwater (SAES, Cornell) used farm-scale interviews and a regional model of farm nitrogen usage to evaluate the nitrogen contribution to the Mississippi River nitrogen flux. This small-scale approach captures some of the variability, in part due to crop rotation and nitrogen source types, that regional scale models do not capture. From this, they concluded that crop rotation (increased carbon availability) and nitrogen fertilizer reduction are necessary to significantly influence nitrogen movement to the Gulf of Mexico. The authors used NADP nitrate and ammonia deposition rates over several years and four states for input of N to the particular farms and study areas.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Nippert, J. B., Culbertson, T. S. F., Orozco, G. L. Ocheltree, T. W. and Helliker, B. R. Identifying the water sources consumed by bison: Implications for large mammalian grazers worldwide. Ecosphere 4(2) article 23, http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/ES12-00359.1.
Nippert et al. (Kansas State University SAES site) examined the water sources and budgets of wild bison on Konza Prairie using isotopic analysis of their dung. They determined that the bison primarily used puddles and wallows (i.e., atmospheric precipitation) as their major water source. They confirmed this with isotopic analysis of onsite NADP precipitation samples. Implications of climate change to grazing animal primary water sources could have many different effects.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Hale, R. L., Hoover, J. H., Wollheim, W. M. and V�r�smarty, C. J. History of nutrient inputs to the Northeastern United States, 19302000. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, DOI: 10.1002/gbc.20049.
Hale et al. developed a database of nutrient input to northeast ecosystems going back to the 1920's. Atmospheric deposition is a major nutrient source, and they used the full complement of NADP observations from our NE states (41 sites). Very large changes have occurred over these years, due primarily to the urbanization of the NE. The authors concluded that agriculture and particularly livestock were the most important inputs defining spatial nutrient patterns, and changes in these inputs over time changed the NE spatial patterns. Agriculture is still a major input to the nutrient cycling in the region.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Brahney, J., Ballantyne, A. P., Sievers, C. and Neff, J. C. Increasing Ca2+ deposition in the western US: The role of mineral aerosols Aeolian Research 10: 7787, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2013.04.003.
Brahney et al. used 17 years of calcium wet deposition from 175 NADP sites to show a continental scale increase in calcium deposition. The largest trends are increasing deposition to the intermountain West and to the agricultural Midwest (IA, KS, MO, IL, IN). For the Midwest, the increase was 24% over the 17 years. A decrease was noted across Texas and New Mexico. These observations are consistent with the current Southwest USA extended drought.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Fleming, C. S. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Management in the Mid-Atlantic. Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
Fleming (Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech) evaluated irrigation techniques and nitrogen fertilization application rates to optimize both for the growth of fresh tomatoes. She used NADP seasonal deposition rates of nitrate and ammonia over three years from Maryland as input for nitrogen fertilizer and fruit recovery balances. With her research, she provided improved production protocols for sustained yields, lower irrigation rates, and improved nitrogen application.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Guretzky, J. A., Schacht, W. H., Wingeyer, A., Klopfenstein, T. J. and Watson, A. Litter deposition and nitrogen return in rotationally stocked smooth bromegrass pastures. Agronomy Journal 105 (4): 915-921.
Guretzky et al. (several SAES scientists, Agronomy, Animal Sciences, UN-Lincoln) investigated the ecosystem response to grazing beef cattle diet supplements (corn, distillery grains) under different nitrogen inputs (unfertilized to heavily fertilized). They used NADP inorganic nitrogen deposition rates to their experimental lands over two study years, where in unfertilized lands the atmospheric nitrogen deposition was the only external nitrogen addition. Among other results, the authors concluded that the distillers grain feeding did not affect herbage accumulation over the long term without additional nitrogen fertilizer.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Jones, G. B. Nutrient Dynamics in Cool-Season Pastures. Masters Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
Jones (Crop and Soil Env. Sciences, Virginia Tech) examined temporal changes of soil nutrient concentrations (soil pH, P, N, S, Ca, Mg, K, Fe, Zn, Cu and B) over five years in a beef cattle system, and developed a model to predict changes of these nutrients within herbage over time. He used NADP deposition rates of pH, N, S, Ca, Mg, K, etc. as external inputs to his system. He found higher concentrations of herbage N and K and soil P, K, Fe, Zn, and Cu over time, with lower variability in herbage P and K.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Zhang, Y., Olsen, K. M. and Wang, K. Fine Scale Modeling of Agricultural Air Quality over the Southeastern United States Using Two Air Quality Models. Part I. Application and Evaluation. Aerosol and Air Quality Research 13(4): 1231-1252.
Zhang et al evaluated the U.S. EPA Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model and ENVIRONs Comprehensive Air Quality Model to determine how well they represented the fate and transport of agriculturally-emitted ammonia in the Southeast U.S. Both models were found to generally under predict particulate matter and over predict wet deposition, and showed large biases in ammonia and resulting particulate formation. The authors used 2002 NADP NTN weekly precipitation depth and sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium wet deposition data from 19 sites to verify their model output.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Santhi, C., Kannan, N., White, M., Di Luzio, M., Arnold, J. G., Wang, X. and Williams, J. R. An integrated modeling approach for estimating the water quality benefits of conservation practices at the river basin scale. Journal of Environmental Quality, DOI:10.2134/jeq2011.0460.
Santhi et al. (SAES scientists, Texas A&M Univ.; ARS Scientists) developed a physically-based, regional-scale modeling approach to evaluate if agricultural conservation practices are improving the water quality conditions of rivers and streams as part of the USDA-initiated Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP). They used NADP wet deposition inputs of N for their model (multiple sites over 18 river basins). Simulations indicated that current practices have the potential to significantly reduce the delivery of sediment, N, and P loads to the Ohio/Mississippi River by 15, 16, and 20%, respectively.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Zhu, L., Henze, D. K., Cady-Pereira, K. E., Shephard, M. W., Luo, M., Pinder, R. W. and Jeong, G. R. Constraining U.S. ammonia emissions using TES remote sensing observations and the GEOS-Chem adjoint model. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 118: 33553368, DOI:10.1002/jgrd.50166.
Zhu et al. use values of atmospheric ammonia as a tool to improve the GEOS-Chem air quality models performance in predicting ammonia transport, atmospheric chemical reactions, and wet deposition. By comparing model output to ground measurements from two NAPD networks (multiple years, all sites) for wet deposition (NADP/NTN) and for gaseous ammonia (NADP/AMoN), the authors significantly increased their precision in resulting ammonia and air quality output in certain months, but other monthly predictions were not improved. This work confirms that predictions of ammonia impacts on air quality still need improvement.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Peckham, S. D. and Gower, S. T. Simulating the effects of harvest and biofuel production on the forest system carbon balance of the Midwest, USA.GCB Bioenergy 5: 431444, doi:10.1111/gcbb.12033.
Peckham et al. modelled the carbon cycle of forest systems by evaluating biological production with an industrial harvest modelling component across the Upper Midwest U.S. The authors determined that these forests are generally net carbon sinks, but under harvesting techniques used for biofuels, the forests became carbon sources. NADP nitrogen deposition data from all NTN sites and multiple years was used in modeling nitrogen cycling in the forest ecosystem.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Smith, C. M., David, M. B., Mitchell, C. A., Masters, M. D., Anderson-Teixeira, K. J., Bernacchi, C. J. and DeLucia, E. H. Reduced nitrogen losses after conversion of row crop agriculture to perennial biofuel crops. Journal of Environmental Quality 42(1), 219-228.
Smith et al. measured the nitrogen losses and cycling from stands of miscanthus, switchgrass, mixed prairie, and corn/soybean over 4 years by accounting for all inputs and outflows. N balances were positive for corn and soybean but negative for miscanthus and prairie, noting a tightening of the nitrogen cycle for biofuel crops in the Midwest. Nitrogen deposition values from the Bondville, Illinois NADP station for these four years were used to define the input of atmospheric N deposition.
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Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12
Outputs
OUTPUTS: NADP's principal output is the collection and analysis of precipitation chemistry samples. Briefly, the NADP collected 13,251 weekly samples (Tuesday to Tuesday) from the 258-site NTN (204 from IL Crop Sciences R.C.-Bondville, Dixon Springs Ag. Center, Northwest IL Ag. R.C.-Monmouth, Northern IL A.R.C.-Shabbona). Each has observations of 10 analytes and precipitation volume, allowing for analyte-specific deposition fluxes. The 7-site Atmospheric Integrated Research and Monitoring Network collected and processed 1,128 samples (100 at Bondville). The 110-site Mercury Deposition Network collected and processed 4,309 weekly mercury in precipitation samples (~50 at Bondville). The 58-site Ammonia Monitoring Network collected and quality assured 1,390 ammonia samples (78 at Bondville). The 22-site Atmospheric Mercury Network quality assured and produced over 38,000 valid hourly measurements and 2 hourly atmospheric mercury averages (none in IL). Continuous modeling of dry deposition fluxes is being planned for AMON and AMNet, and the planning has progressed during the year. Counts are for completed federal year. Our second most important output is distributing this data to all for continued research. Scientists, policymakers, educators, students, and others are encouraged to access data at no charge from the NADP (nadp.isws.illinois.edu). Our site offers online retrieval of individual data points, seasonal and annual averages, trends, concentration and deposition maps, reports, and other information. As of today, 2011 calendar year data are complete and online, and now through June 2012 is available. Internet disbursement of data continues to be the primary route of data sharing. Downloads exceeded 27,800 in 12 months. Web statistics show that we are reaching our expected audience: federal and state agencies (app. 40%, higher than normal), universities (36%), K to 12 schools (16%), and others. Our annual maps of atmospheric pollutants, concentrations, and depositions were developed from the 2011 measurements and made public (Sept. 2012). These maps constitute a third major NADP product (nadp.isws.illinois.edu/data/annualiso.aspx). Individual maps are compiled into our annual Map Summary. Currently, the 2011 Summary is final, and distribution has begun (also available on the web). Scientific Meeting (Fall 2012). The latest scientific meeting was held in Portland, ME (October 1-5, 2012, 'The NADP Cooperative: State, Local, and Tribal Perspectives'). The goal of this meeting was to highlight the non-federal network perspectives. The meeting had 139 registered participants, 8 sessions, 41 oral presentations, and 18 posters. An agriculture/ammonia session discussed better emission inventories, confined animal emission rates, and using isotopes for ammonia deposition source attribution. All presentations, posters, and meeting proceedings are available on the NADP website (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/conf/2012/). Of specific note for this meeting was a session held on October 5th focusing on improving the estimates of total deposition (wet plus dry deposition, http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/committees/tdep/minutes.aspx). PARTICIPANTS: The NADP is National Research Support Project 3: A Long Term Monitoring Program in Support of Research on the Effects of Atmospheric Chemical Deposition. More than 250 sponsors support the NADP, including private companies and other nongovernmental organizations, universities, local and state government agencies, State Agricultural Experiment Stations, national laboratories, Native American organizations, Canadian government agencies, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the U.S. Geological Survey, the National Park Service, the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, the Bureau of Land Management, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture, under agreement no. 2012 - 39138 - 20273. TARGET AUDIENCES: The NADP provides fundamental measurements that support informed decisions on environmental and agricultural issues related to precipitation and deposition chemistry, as well as atmospheric mercury and ammonia. NADP data are relevant to a wide audience and provided to all. Data from our monitoring effort is used by a wide range of scientists for a number of research topic areas (see publications). Our data is used by policymakers to make informed decisions on agriculturally important topics. Our data is also used in many different education areas including chemical, agricultural, and environment science, and used at many different levels including elementary, secondary and post secondary; and is used for many different thesis and dissertation topics (see publication record). All data are available free of charge via the NADP website (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu). PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
NADP's principal outcomes and impacts on the broader scientific and educational communities are reflected in the value and usefulness of our network and data. This is suggested by the download statistics, and the publications using our network and data (166 journal articles in 2012). NADP's Ammonia Monitoring Network (AMoN) is now well established and has grown significantly over the past year. AMoN currently operates 58 sites, and has approximately 10,500 observations of atmospheric ammonia. This network has been receiving much interest from the agricultural community (nadpweb.isws.illinois.edu/nh3net/). Since 2006, the NADP has converted its precipitation gauges to an all-digital network. In mid FY12, 85% of our sites were reporting digital precipitation data. The USGS and NADP collaborated on tracking radionuclides wet deposition (131I, 134Cs, 137Cs) from the Japanese nuclear incident resulting from the March 2011 earthquake and tsunami. Normal precipitation samples from the NTN, AIRMoN, and MDN were used during the project (including all IL sites), and the resulting studies can be found on the NADP website. By using the existing infrastructure of the NADP's networks in a new and important way, measurements were made that greatly added to the information on the impact on U.S. lands and population. The Central Analytical Laboratory has begun to measure bromide ion concentration in all NADP samples as a routine analyte of the NTN and AIRMoN. Regular measurements will be released for the 2012 year. Bromide is important to agricultural users, given its fumigant usage. U.S. EPA scientists, with NADP, continued special studies to determine whether organic nitrogen deposition can be measured reliably and accurately. The results indicated that the measurements are reliable, and that organic N can be differentiated from inorganic N in our samples. This will add much needed information to the understanding of N deposition patterns and sources. At the Spring 2011 Meeting, the NADP committees voted to modify the maps from an earlier discrete contour map style to a new continuous color gradient map. The new maps are now available going back to 1994, and the older-style maps are also available through 2010. These maps provide much more information to the depositional community by adding precipitation adjustments for elevation and locations. A new litterfall mercury monitoring initiative will measure mercury and methyl mercury in forest litterfall (leaves, twigs, etc.). These dry deposition estimates will compliment the MDN wet deposition mercury monitoring. Initiation of the trial began in 2012. Analysis and field support will be provide through the USGS. Impacts: As a National Research Support Project, the NADP's most important impact is that our data are used in research, per our research support mission. From January through December 2012, we identified 166 journal articles and reports (abbreviated here) that used NADP data, maps, and procedures in their own research, for modeling applications, and for comparison to NADP results. These articles are included in our online database of NADP publications.
Publications
- McLauchlan, K. K., & Craine, J. M., 2012. Species-specific trajectories of nitrogen isotopes in Indiana hardwood forests, USA. Biogeosciences 9: 867 - 874.
- Metcalf, J., & Mose, D. G., 2012. Monitoring sources of mercury in the atmosphere. Proceedings of the Annual International Conference on Soils, Sediments, Water & Energy: Vol. 17, Article 4.
- Minogue, P. J., Miwa, M., Rockwood, D. L., & Mackowiak, C. L., 2012. Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by Eucalyptus and Populus at a tertiary treated municipal wastewater sprayfield. International J of Phytoremediation 14(10): 1010 - 1023.
- Mladenov, N., Williams, M. W., Schmidt, S. K., & Cawley, K., 2012. Atmospheric deposition as a source of carbon and nutrients to an alpine catchment of the Colorado Rocky Mountains. Biogeosciences 9: 3337 - 3355.
- Montgomery, E. L., Calle, L. M., Curran, J. C., & Kolody, M. R. 2012. Timescale correlation between marine atmospheric exposure and accelerated corrosion testing - part 2. National Aeronotics and Space Administration, Technical Report # KSC-2012-049, 17 pp.
- Moore, C. W., & Castro, M. S., 2012. Investigation of factors affecting gaseous mercury concentrations in soils. Science of the Total Environment 419: 136 - 143.
- Moore, G. W., Barre, D. A., & Owens, M. K., 2012. Does shrub removal increase groundwater recharge in southwestern Texas semiarid rangelands Rangeland Ecology & Management 65(1): 1 - 10.
- Morano, S., Stewart, K. M., Sedinger, J. S., Nicolai, C. A., & Vavra, M., 2012. Life-history strategies of North American elk: Trade-offs associated with reproduction and survival. J Mammalogy, (in press).
- Nair, U. S., Wu, Y., Walters, J., Jansen, J., & Edgerton, E. S., 2012. Diurnal and seasonal variation of mercury species at coastal-suburban, urban, and rural sites in the southeastern United States. Atmospheric Environment 47: 499 - 508.
- Nanus, L., Clow, D. W., Saros, J. E., Stephens, V. C., & Campbell, D. H., 2012. Mapping critical loads of nitrogen deposition for aquatic ecosystems in the Rocky Mountains, USA. Environmental Pollution 166: 125 - 135.
- Nasr, M., Malloch, D. D., & Arp, P. A., 2012. Quantifying hg within ectomycorrhizal fruiting bodies, from emergence to senescence. Fungal Biology 116: 1163 - 1177.
- Obrist, D., 2012. Mercury distribution across 14 US forests, part II: patterns of methyl mercury concentrations and areal mass of total and methyl mercury. Environmental Science & Technology 46(11): 5921 - 5930.
- O'Driscoll, M. A., 2012. The 1909 North Carolina drainage act and agricultural drainage effects in eastern North Carolina. Journal of North Carolina Academy of Science 128(3): 59-73.
- Olson, J. R., 2012. The influence of geology and other environmental factors on stream water chemistry and benthic invertebrate assemblages. Doctoral dissertation, Utah State University, May. All Graduate Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1327, 162 pp. http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1327.
- Olson, J. R., & Hawkins, C. P., 2012. Predicting natural base-flow stream water chemistry in the western United States. Water Resources Research 48(2): W02504.
- Phillis, C. C., O'Regan, S. M., Green, S. J., Bruce, J. E. B., Anderson, S. C., Linton, J. N., et al., 2012. Multiple pathways to conservation success. Conservation Letters doi: 10.1111/j.1755-263X.2012.00294.x.
- Peterson, C., Alishahi, M., & Gustin, M. S., 2012. Testing the use of passive sampling systems for understanding air mercury concentrations and dry deposition across Florida, USA. Science of the Total Environment 424: 297 - 307.
- Poulette, M. M., 2012. Ecosystem impacts of the invasive shrub Lonicera Maackii are influence by associations with native tree species. Doctoral dissertation, University of Kentucky, 196 pp., http://uknowledge.uky.edu/biology_etds/6.
- Price, J. R., Hardy, C. R., Tefend, K. S., & Szymanski, D. W., 2012. Solute geochemical mass-balances and mineral weathering rates in small watersheds II: biomass nutrient uptake, more equations in more unknowns, and land use/land cover effects. Applied Geochemistry 27: 1247 - 1265.
- Qi, Z., Bartling, P. N., Ahuja, L. R., Derner, J. D., Dunn, G. H., & Ma, L., 2012. Development and evaluation of the carbon - nitrogen cycle module for the GPFARM-Range model. Computers & Electronics in Agriculture 83: 1 - 10.
- Simon, H., Baker, K. R., & Phillips, S., 2012. Compilation and interpretation of photochemical model performance statistics published between 2006 and 2012. Atmospheric Environment 61: 124 - 139.
- Shrestha, S., & Fang, X. 2012. Application of WARMF model to study the effect of land use change and climate change in the Saugahatchee Creek Watershed. In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2012, Crossing Boundaries (pp. 1794 - 1805). ASCE.
- Smeltzer, E., Shambaugh, A. D., & Stangel, P., 2012. Environmental change in Lake Champlain revealed by long-term monitoring. Journal of Great Lakes Research, 38, Supplement 1, 6 - 18.
- Spence, P. L., Osmond, D. L., Childres, W., Heitman, J. L., & Robarge, W. P., 2012. Effects of lawn maintenance on nutrient losses via overland flow during natural rainfall events. J American Water Resources Association 48(5): 909 - 924.
- Steffen, A., Scherz, T., Olson, M., Gay, D., & Blanchard, P., 2012. A comparison of data quality control protocols for atmospheric mercury speciation measurements. J Environmental Monitoring 14(3): 752 - 765.
- Stephan, K., Kavanagh, K. L., & Koyama, A., 2012. Effects of spring prescribed burning and wildfires on watershed nitrogen dynamics of central Idaho headwater areas. Forest Ecology & Management 263: 240 - 252.
- Straub, D. J., Hutchings, J. W., & Herckes, P., 2012. Measurements of fog composition at a rural site. Atmospheric Environment 47: 195 - 205.
- Strauss, S., Day, T., & Garcia-Pichel, F., 2012. Nitrogen cycling in desert biological soil crusts across biogeographic regions in the southwestern United States. Biogeochemistry 108(1): 171 - 182.
- Stuckless, J. S., 2012. Hydrology and geochemistry of Yucca Mountain and vicinity, southern Nevada and California. Geological Society of America Memoir 209, p 1 - 7.
- Scanlon, B. R., Reedy, R., Strassberg, G., Huang, Y., & Senay, G., 2012. Estimation of groundwater recharge to the Gulf Coast aquifer in Texas, USA: final contract report to Texas water development board. University of Texas at Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson School of Geoscience 128 pp.
- Schlenker, K., & Filardi, C., 2012. Wilderness character monitoring report Hyalite Porcupine Buffalo Horn Wilderness study area. U.S. Forest Service, Region 1, Gallatin National Forest, 111 pp.
- Sullivan, T. J., Cosby, B. J., Driscoll, C. T., McDonnell, T. C., Herlihy, A. T., & Burns, D. A., 2012. Target loads of atmospheric sulfur and nitrogen deposition for protection of acid sensitive aquatic resources in the Adirondack Mountains, New York. Water Resources Research 48(1): W01547.
- Sullivan, T., Cosby, B., McDonnell, T., Porter, E., Blett, T., Haeuber, R., et al., 2012. Critical loads of acidity to protect and restore acid-sensitive streams in Virginia and West Virginia. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 223: 5759 - 5771, doi:10.1007/s11270-012-1312-4.
- Sverdrup, H., McDonnell, T. C., Sullivan, T. J., Nihlgard, B., Belyazid, S., Rihm, B., ... & Geiser, L., 2012. Testing the feasibility of using the ForSAFE-VEG model to map the critical load of nitrogen to protect plant biodiversity in the Rocky Mountains region, USA. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 223(1): 371 - 387.
- Tank, S. E., Frey, K. E., Striegl, R. G., Raymond, P. A., Holmes, R. M., McClelland, J. W., & Peterson, B. J., 2012. Landscape-level controls on dissolved carbon flux from diverse catchments of the circumboreal. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 26: GB0E02.
- Taylor, A., 2012. Phosphorus mass balance for hypertrophic Grand Lake St. Marys, Ohio. Doctoral dissertation, Wright State University, 96 pp.
- Templer, P. H., Pinder, R. W., & Goodale, C. L., 2012. Effects of nitrogen deposition on greenhouse-gas fluxes for forests and grasslands of North America. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 10(10): 547 - 553.
- Trammell, T. L., Ralston, H. A., Scroggins, S. A., & Carreiro, M. M., 2012. Foliar production and decomposition rates in urban forests invaded by the exotic invasive shrub, Lonicera maackii. Biological Invasions 14(3): 529 - 545.
- Uejio, C. K., Peters, T. W., & Patz, J. A., 2012. Inland lake indicator bacteria: long-term impervious surface and weather influences and a predictive bayesian model. Lake & Reservoir Management 28(3): 232 - 244.
- Volk, J. A., Scudlark, J. R., Savidge, K. B., Andres, A. S., Stenger, R. J., & Ullman, W. J., 2012. Intra- and inter-annual trends in phosphorus loads and comparison with nitrogen loads to Rehoboth Bay, Delaware (USA). Estuarine, Coastal & Shelf Science 96(1): 139 - 150.
- Wetherbee, G. A., Gay, D. A., Debey, T. M., Lehmann, C. M. B., & Nilles, M. A. Wet deposition of fission-product isotopes to North America from the Fukushima Dai-ichi incident, March 2011. Environmental Science & Technology 46(5): 2574 - 2582.
- Weiss-Penzias, P. S., Ortiz Jr., C., Acosta, R. P., Heim, W., Ryan, J. P., Fernandez, D., Collett J. L. Jr., & Flegal, A. R., 2012. Total and monomethyl mercury in fog water from the central California coast. Geophysical Research Letters 39: L03804, doi:10.1029/2011GL050324.
- Winnick, M., Welker, J., & Chamberlain, C., 2012. Stable isotopic evidence of el nino-like atmospheric circulation in the pliocene western United States. Climate of the Past Discussions 8: 5083 - 5108.
- Yager, T. J. B., & McMahon, P. B., 2012. Preliminary assessment of sources of nitrogen in groundwater at a biosolids-application area near Deer Trail, Colorado, 2005. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012 - 5056, 30 pp.
- Yang, Y., Liu, J., Di, Y., Yang, J., Wen, T., Li, Y., et al., 2012. Major ionic composition of precipitation in the Shigatse region, southern Tibetan plateau. Advanced Materials Research 347-353: 1005 - 1011.
- Zhang, L., Blanchard, P., Gay, D. A., Prestbo, E. M., Risch, M. R., Johnson, D., ... & Dalziel, J., 2012. Estimation of speciated and total mercury dry deposition at monitoring locations in eastern and central North America. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics 12: 4327 - 4340.
- Zhang, L., Jacob, D. J., Knipping, E. M., Kumar, N., Munger, J. W., Carouge, C. C., et al., 2012. Nitrogen deposition to the United States: distribution, sources, and processes. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics 12(10): 4539 - 4554.
- Zhang, Y., Chen, Y., Sarwar, G., & Schere, K., 2012. Impact of gas-phase mechanisms on Weather Research Forecasting Model with Chemistry (WRF/Chem) predictions: mechanism implementation and comparative evaluation. J Geophysical Research 117(D1): D01301.
- Zhang, Y., Karamchandani, P., Glotfelty, T., Streets, D. G., Grell, G., Nenes, A., ... & Bennartz, R., 2012. Development and initial application of the global-through-urban weather research and forecasting model with chemistry (GU-WRF/Chem). J Geophysical Research 117(D20): D20206.
- Zhang, Y., Jaegle, L., van Donkelaar, A., Martin, R. V., Holmes, C. D., Amos, H. M., ... & Zsolway, R., 2012. Nested-grid simulation of mercury over North America. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics 12: 6095 - 6111.
- Allen, D. J., Pickering, K. E., Pinder, R. W., Henderson, B. H., Appel, K. W., & Prados, A., 2012. Impact of lightning-NO on eastern United States photochemistry during the summer of 2006 as determined using the CMAQ model. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics 12: 1737 - 1758.
- Amos, H. M., Jacob, D. J., Holmes, C. D., Fisher, J. A., Wang, Q., Yantosca, R. M., et al., 2012. Gas-particle partitioning of atmospheric hg(II) and its effect on global mercury deposition. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics 12(1): 591 - 603.
- Angradi, T. R., Bolgrien, D. W., Starry, M. A., & Hill, B. H., 2012. Modeled summer background concentration of nutrients and suspended sediment in the mid‐continent (USA) great rivers. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association 48(5): 1054 - 1070.
- Arnett, H. A., Saros, J. E., & Alisa Mast, M., 2012. A caveat regarding diatom-inferred nitrogen concentrations in oligotrophic lakes. J Paleolimnology 47: 277 - 291.
- Arundale, R., 2012. The higher productivity of the bioenergy feedstock Miscanthus x giganteus relative to Panicum virgatum is seen both into the long term and beyond Illinois. Doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois, 116 pp.
- Bain, D. J., Yesilonis, I. D., & Pouyat, R. V., 2012. Metal concentrations in urban riparian sediments along an urbanization gradient. Biogeochemistry 107(1-3): 67 - 79.
- Baiser, B., Gotelli, N. J., Buckley, H. L., Miller, T. E., & Ellison, A. M., 2012. Geographic variation in network structure of a nearctic aquatic food web. Global Ecology & Biogeography 21(5): 579 - 591.
- Baker, K. R., & Bash, J. O., 2012. Regional scale photochemical model evaluation of total mercury wet deposition and speciated ambient mercury. Atmospheric Environment 49: 151 - 162.
- Bash, J. O., Cooter, E. J., Dennis, R. L., Walker, J. T., & Pleim, J. E., 2012. Evaluation of a regional air-quality model with bi-directional NH3 exchange coupled to an agro-ecosystem model. Biogeosciences Discussions 9(8): 11375 - 11401.
- Beaulieu, K. M., Button, D. T., Scudder Eikenberry, B. C., Riva-Murray, K., Chasar, L. C., Bradley, P. M., and Burns, D. A., 2012. Mercury bioaccumulation studies in the National Water-Quality Assessment Program-Biological data from New York and South Carolina, 2005 - 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 705, 13 p., at http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/705/.
- Berkelhammer, M., Stott, L., Yoshimura, K., Johnson, K., & Sinha, A., 2012. Synoptic and mesoscale controls on the isotopic composition of precipitation in the western United States. Climate Dynamics 38: 433 - 454.
- Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Lowery, M. A., Brigham, M. E., Burns, D. A., Button, D. T., ... & Riva-Murray, K., 2012. Shallow groundwater mercury supply in a coastal plain stream. Environmental Science & Technology 46(14): 7503 - 7511.
- Brooks, R. T., Eggert, S. L., Nislow, K. H., Kolka, R. K., Chen, C. Y., & Ward, D. M., 2012. Preliminary assessment of mercury accumulation in Massachusetts and Minnesota seasonal forest pools. Wetlands 32: 653 - 663.
- Darrouzet-Nardi, A., Erbland, J., Bowman, W. D., Savarino, J., & Williams, M. W., 2012. Landscape-level nitrogen import and export in an ecosystem with complex terrain, Colorado Front Range. Biogeochemistry 109(1): 271 - 285.
- Day, D. E., Chen, X., Gebhart, K. A., Carrico, C. M., Schwandner, F. M., Benedict, K. B., ... & Collett, J. L., 2012. Spatial and temporal variability of ammonia and other inorganic aerosol species. Atmospheric Environment 61: 490 - 498.
- Denkenberger, J. S., Driscoll, C. T., Branfireun, B. A., Eckley, C. S., Cohen, M., & Selvendiran, P., 2012. A synthesis of rates and controls on elemental mercury evasion in the Great Lakes Basin. Environmental Pollution 161: 291 - 298.
- Dilley, G., Council, D. R. A. Q., Morris, R., Koo, B., Tai, E., McNally, D., et al., 2012. Revised base case modeling and model performance evaluation for the Denver 2008 ozone episode. Final Report (Project 06-26421A), Denver Regional Air Quality Council, August, 113 pp.
- Dohleman, F. G., Heaton, E. A., Arundale, R. A., & Long, S. P., 2012. Seasonal dynamics of above‐and below‐ground biomass and nitrogen partitioning in Miscanthus giganteus and Panicum virgatum across three growing seasons. GCB Bioenergy 4: 534 - 544.
- Catalano, J. G., Huhmann, B. L., Luo, Y., Mitnick, E. H., Slavney, A., & Giammar, D. E., 2012. Metal release and speciation changes during wet aging of coal fly ashes. Environmental Science & Technology 46(21): 11804 - 11812.
- Clark, E., Schlenker, K., & Filardi, C., 2012. Wilderness character monitoring report hyalite porcupine buffalo horn wilderness study area. U.S. Forest Service, Region 1 Report, Gallatin National Forest, 109 pp.
- Coleman Wasik, J. K., Mitchell, C. P., Engstrom, D. R., Swain, E. B., Monson, B. A., Balogh, S. J., ... & Almendinger, J. E., 2012. Methylmercury declines in a boreal peatland when experimental sulfate deposition decreases. Environmental Science & Technology 46(12): 6663 - 6671.
- Committee on Preparing for the Third Decade (Cycle 3) of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, & National Research Council, 2012. Preparing for the third decade (cycle 3) of the national water-quality assessment (NAWQA) program (prepublication copy). The National Academies Press, Washington DC, 160 pp.
- Drevnick, P. E., Engstrom, D. R., Driscoll, C. T., Swain, E. B., Balogh, S. J., Kamman, N. C., et al., 2012. Spatial and temporal patterns of mercury accumulation in lacustrine sediments across the laurentian great lakes region. Environmental Pollution 161: 252 - 260.
- Ebel, J. D., 2012. Biofilm responses to salmon carcass addition in central Idaho. Master's thesis (in Biological Sciences), Michigan Technology University, 70 pp.
- Ebel, B. A., Moody, J. A., & Martin, D. A., 2012. Hydrologic conditions controlling runoff generation immediately after wildfire. Water Resources Research 48(3): W03529.
- Fenn, M. E., Bytnerowicz, A., & Liptzin, D., 2012. Nationwide maps of atmospheric deposition are highly skewed when based solely on wet deposition. BioScience 62(7): 621 - 621.
- Fernandez, F. G., Ebelhar, S., Greer, K., & Brown, H., 2012. Corn response to sulfur in Illinois. Illinois Fertilizer & Chemical Association, FREC Reports, http://www.ifca.com/FREC%20Proceedings/.
- Feyte, S., Gobeil, C., Tessier, A., & Cossa, D., 2012. Mercury dynamics in lake sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 82: 92 - 112.
- Fissore, C., Hobbie, S. E., King, J. Y., McFadden, J. P., Nelson, K. C., & Baker, L. A., 2012. The residential landscape: fluxes of elements and the role of household decisions. Urban Ecosystems 15(1): 1 - 18.
- Freppaz, M., Williams, M. W., Seastedt, T., & Filippa, G., 2012. Response of soil organic and inorganic nutrients in alpine soils to a 16-year factorial snow and N-fertilization experiment, Colorado Front Range, USA. Applied Soil Ecology 62: 131 - 141.
- Forbes, M. G., Back, J., & Doyle, R. D., 2012. Nutrient transformation and retention by coastal prairie wetlands, upper Gulf Coast, Texas. Wetlands 32: 705 - 715.
- Harms, T. K., & Jones, J. B., 2012. Thaw depth determines reaction and transport of inorganic nitrogen in valley bottom permafrost soils. Global Change Biology 18 2958 - 2968.
- Harms, T. K., & Grimm, N. B., 2012. Responses of trace gases to hydrologic pulses in desert floodplains. J Geophysical Research 117(G1): G01035.
- Harris, R., Pollman, C., Landing, W., Evans, D., Axelrad, D., Hutchinson, D., ... & Sunderland, E., 2012. Mercury in the Gulf of Mexico: sources to receptors. Environmental Research 119: 42 - 52.
- Haynes, K. M., & Mitchell, C. P., 2012. Inter-annual and spatial variability in hillslope runoff and mercury flux during spring snowmelt. J Environmental Monitoring 14: 2083.
- He, W. M., Montesinos, D., Thelen, G. C., & Callaway, R. M., 2012. Growth and competitive effects of Centaurea stoebe populations in response to simulated nitrogen deposition. PLOS ONE 7(4): e36257.
- Holloway, T., Voigt, C., Morton, J., Spak, S. N., Rutter, A. P., & Schauer, J. J., 2012. An assessment of atmospheric mercury in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions 12: 2131 - 2166.
- Hong, Y.S., Hunter, S., Clayton, L. A., Rifkin E,. & Bouwer E J. 2012. Assessment of mercury and selenium concentrations in captive bottlenose dolphin's (Tursiops truncatus) diet fish, blood, and tissue. Science of the Total Environment 414: 220 - 226.
- Huang, J., Kang, S., Zhang, Q., Yan, H., Guo, J., Jenkins, M. G., et al. 2012. Wet deposition of mercury at a remote site in the Tibetan plateau: Concentrations, speciation, and fluxes. Atmospheric Environment 62: 540 - 550.
- Huang, J., & Gustin, M. S., 2012. Evidence for a free troposphere source of mercury in wet deposition in the western United States. Environmental Science & Technology 46(12): 6621 - 6629.
- Jacobson, G. L., Norton, S. A., Grimm, E. C., & Edgar, T., 2012. Changing climate and sea level alter hg mobility at Lake Tulane, Florida, U.S. Environmental Science & Technology 46(21): 11710 - 11717.
- Journey, C. A., Burns, D. A., Riva-Murray, K., Brigham, M. E., Button, D. T., Feaster, T. D., Petkewich, M. D., & Bradley, P. M., 2012. Fluvial transport of mercury, organic carbon, suspended sediment, and selected major ions in contrasting stream basins in South Carolina and New York, October 2004 to September 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012 - 5173, 125 p.
- Ketterings, Q. M., Godwin, G., Gami, S., Dietzel, K., Lawrence, J., Barney, P., ... & Czymmek, K. J., 2012. Soil and tissue testing for sulfur management of alfalfa in New York State. Soil Science Society of America Journal 76(1): 298 - 306.
- Kim, J. H., & Jackson, R. B., 2012. A global analysis of groundwater recharge for vegetation, climate, and soils. Vadose Zone Journal 11(1), doi: 10.2136/vzj2011.
- Latysh, N., & Wetherbee, G., 2012. Improved mapping of national atmospheric deposition program wet-deposition in complex terrain using PRISM-gridded data sets. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment 184(2): 913 - 928.
- Lawrence, G. B., Shortle, W. C., David, M. B., Smith, K. T., Warby, R. A. F., & Lapenis, A. G., 2012. Early indications of soil recovery from acidic deposition in U.S. red spruce forests. Soil Science Society of America Journal 76(4): 1407 - 1417.
- Leibensperger, E. M., Mickley, L. J., Jacob, D. J., Chen, W. T., Seinfeld, J. H., Nenes, A., ... & Rind, D., 2012. Climatic effects of 1950 - 2050 changes in US anthropogenic aerosols - part 1: aerosol trends and radiative forcing. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics 12, 3333 - 3348.
- Lessard, C., 2012. Mass balance model of mercury for the St. Lawrence River, Cornwall, Ontario. Doctoral dissertation, University of Ottawa, 109 pp.
- Kim, M. K., & Zoh, K. D., 2012. Fate and transport of mercury in environmental media and human exposure. J Preventive Medicine and Public Health 45(6): 335 - 343.
- Konkler, M. J., & Hammerschmidt, C. R., 2012. Methylmercury in mosquitoes around a large coal‐fired power plant in central Ohio. Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry 31(7): 1657 - 1661.
- Risch, M. R., DeWild, J. F., Krabbenhoft, D. P., Kolka, R. K., & Zhang, L., 2012. Litterfall mercury dry deposition in the eastern USA. Environmental Pollution 161: 284 - 290.
- Risch, M. R., Gay, D. A., Fowler, K. K., Keeler, G. J., Backus, S. M., Blanchard, P., et al., 2012. Spatial patterns and temporal trends in mercury concentrations, precipitation depths, and mercury wet deposition in the North American great lakes region, 2002 - 2008. Environmental Pollution 161: 261 - 271.
- Rolison, C. J., 2012. Soil nitrification and mineralization rates along an elevation gradient in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Master's thesis, University of Tennessee, http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1199.
- Rueda-Holgado, F., Bernalte, E., Palomo Marin, M. R., Calvo-Blazquez, L., Cereceda Balic, F., & Pinilla Gil, E., 2012. Miniaturized voltammetric stripping on screen printed gold electrodes for field determination of copper in atmospheric deposition. Talanta 101(11): 435 - 439.
- Walker, J. T., Dombek, T., Green, L., Gartman, N., & Lehmann, C., 2012. Stability of organic nitrogen in NADP wet deposition samples. Atmospheric Environment 60: 573 - 582.
- Ruiz Diaz, D. A., Mengel, D. B., Lamond, R. E., Duncan, S. R., Whitney, D. A., & Maxwell, T. M., 2012. Meta-analysis of winter wheat response to chloride fertilization in Kansas. Communications in Soil Science & Plant Analysis 43(18): 2437 - 2447.
- SanClements, M. D., Oelsner, G. P., McKnight, D. M., Stoddard, J. L., & Nelson, S. J., 2012. New insights into the source of decadal increases of dissolved organic matter in acid-sensitive lakes of the northeastern United States. Environmental Science & Technology 46(6): 3212 - 3219.
- Scudder Eikenberry, B.C., Riva-Murray, K., Smith, M. J., Bradley, P. M., Button, D. T., Clark, J. M., Burns, D. A., & Journey, C. A., 2012. Environmental settings of selected streams sampled for mercury in New York and South Carolina, 2005 - 09: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011 - 1318, 36 p., http://pubs.usgs.gov/ofr/2011/1318/.
- Waller, K., Driscoll, C., Lynch, J., Newcomb, D., & Roy, K., 2012. Long-term recovery of lakes in the Adirondack region of New York to decreases in acidic deposition. Atmospheric Environment 46: 56 - 64.
- Wang, K., & Zhang, Y., 2012. Application, evaluation, and process analysis of the US EPA's 2002 Multiple-Pollutant Air Quality Modeling platform. Atmospheric & Climate Sciences 2(3): 254 - 289.
- Warrender, R., Bowell, R., Prestia, A., Barnes, A., Mansanares, W., & Miller, M., 2012. The application of predictive geochemical modelling to determine backfill requirements at turquoise ridge joint venture, Nevada. Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis 12(4): 339 - 347.
- Bagui, S., Brown, J., Caffrey, J., & Bagui, S., 2012. Designing a relational database for tracking and analysis of atmospheric deposition of mercury and trace metals in the Pensacola (Florida) Bay Watershed. International Journal of Sustainable Society 4(3): 240 - 265.
- Welker, J. M., 2012. ENSO effects on δ18O, δ2H and d‐excess values in precipitation across the US using a high‐density, long‐term network (USNIP). Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 26(17): 1893 - 1898.
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service, 2012. Air program national accomplishments and successes, 2010. USDA-Forest Service, Air Resource Management Program National Report, 23 pp.
- Van Metre, P. C., 2012. Increased atmospheric deposition of mercury in reference lakes near major urban areas. Environmental Pollution 162: 209 - 215.
- Brown, T. C., & Froemke, P., 2012. Nationwide assessment of nonpoint source threats to water quality. BioScience 62(2): 136 - 146.
- Brown, T. C., & Froemke, P., 2012. Improved measures of atmospheric deposition have a negligible effect on multivariate measures of risk of water-quality impairment: response from Brown and Froemke. BioScience 62(7): 621 - 622.
- Bruder, S. R., 2012. Prediction of spatial-temporal distribution of algal metabolites in Eagle Creek Reservoir, Indianapolis, IN. Doctoral dissertation, Department of Earth Sciences, Indiana University, 142 pp.
- Bruesewitz, D. A., Tank, J. L., & Hamilton, S. K., 2012. Incorporating spatial variation of nitrification and denitrification rates into whole-lake nitrogen dynamics. J Geophysical Research. 117: G00N07, doi:10.1029/2012JG002006.
- Buenning, N. H., Stott, L., Yoshimura, K., & Berkelhammer, M., 2012. The cause of the seasonal variation in the oxygen isotopic composition of precipitation along the western U.S. coast. J Geophysical Research 117: 18114.
- Cai, M., Johnson, A., Schwartz, J., Moore, S., & Kulp, M., 2012. Soil acid-base chemistry of a high-elevation forest watershed in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park: Influence of acidic deposition. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 223(1): 289 - 303.
- Calvo, A. I., Pont, V., Olmo, F. J., Castro, A., Alados-Arboledas, L., Vicente, A. M., ... & Fraile, R., 2012. Air masses and weather types: a useful tool for characterizing precipitation chemistry and wet deposition. Aerosol & Air Quality Research 12: 856 - 878.
- Canham, C. D., Pace, M. L., Weathers, K. C., McNeil, E. W., Bedford, B. L., Murphy, L., & Quinn, S., 2012. Nitrogen deposition and lake nitrogen concentrations: a regional analysis of terrestrial controls and aquatic linkages. Ecosphere 3(7): 66.
- Carey, R. O., Hochmuth, G. J., Martinez, C. J., Boyer, T. H., Nair, V. D., Dukes, M. D., ... & Sartain, J. B., 2012. Regulatory and resource management practices for urban watersheds: the Florida experience. Hort. Technology 22(4): 418 - 429.
- Carlo, T. A., & Norris, A. E., 2012. Direct nitrogen intake by petals. Oikos 121: 1953 - 1958.
- Castro, M. S., Moore, C., Sherwell, J., & Brooks, S. B., 2012. Dry deposition of gaseous oxidized mercury in western Maryland. Science of the Total Environment 417 - 418: 232 - 240.
- Cronan, C. S., 2012. Biogeochemistry of the Penobscot River watershed, Maine, USA: nutrient export patterns for carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment 184(7): 4279 - 4288.
- Gao, X., 2012. Draft TMDL Report Nutrient TMDLs for Sykes Creek/Barge Canal (WBID 3044B), Florida Department of Environmental Protection, 75 pp.
- Gillespie, J., Nelson, S. T., Mayo, A. L., & Tingey, D. G., 2012. Why conceptual groundwater flow models matter: a trans-boundary example from the arid Great Basin, western USA. Hydrogeology Journal 20: 1133 - 1147.
- Gopalakrishnan, G., Cristina Negri, M., & Salas, W., 2012. Modeling biogeochemical impacts of bioenergy buffers with perennial grasses for a row-crop field in Illinois. GCB Bioenergy 4: 739 - 750.
- Grant, C. A., Mahli, S. S., Karamanos, R. E., 2012. Sulfur management for rapeseed. Field Crops Research 128: 119 - 128.
- Greaver, T. L., Sullivan, T. J., Herrick, J. D., Barber, M. C., Baron, J. S., Cosby, B. J., ... & Novak, K. J., 2012. Ecological effects of nitrogen and sulfur air pollution in the US: what do we know Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 10(7): 365 - 372.
- Grenon, J. A., 2012. Epiphytic lichens, nitrogen deposition and climate in the US northern Rocky Mountain states, Doctoral dissertation, Montana State University, Bozeman, 162 pp.
- Grigal, D. F., 2012. Atmospheric deposition and inorganic nitrogen flux. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 223: 3565 - 3575.
- Gurdak, J. J., & Qi, S. L., 2012. Vulnerability of recently recharged groundwater in principle aquifers of the United States to nitrate contamination. Environmental Science & Technology 46(11): 6004 - 6012.
- Han, H., & Allan, J. D., 2012. Uneven rise in N inputs to the Lake Michigan Basin over the 20th century corresponds to agricultural and societal transitions. Biogeochemistry 109(1): 175 - 187.
- Hansen, J., 2012. Assessment of atmospheric nitrogen deposition: possible effects on alpine ecosystems above 9000 feet in Grand Teton National Park. Master's thesis, Utah State University, All Graduate Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1250, 185 pp. http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1250.
- Koo, B., Piyachaturawat, P., Morris, R., & Knipping, E., 2012. Evaluation of the variability in chemical transport model performance for deposition and ambient concentrations of nitrogen and sulfur compounds. Atmosphere 3(3): 400 - 418.
- Koskelo, A. I., Fisher, T. R., Utz, R., & Jordan, T. E., 2012. A new precipitation-based method of baseflow separation and event identification for small watersheds (< 50 km2). J Hydrology 450 - 451: 267 - 278.
- Li, Y., Tang, J., Yu, X., Xu, X., Cheng, H., & Wang, S., 2012. Characteristics of precipitation chemistry at Lushan Mountain, East China: 1992 - 2009. Environmental Science & Pollution Research 19: 2329 - 2343.
- Liao, L., Green, C. T., Bekins, B. A., & Bohlke, J. K., 2012. Factors controlling nitrate fluxes in groundwater in agricultural areas. Water Resources Research 48: W00L09.
- Lin, C. J., Shetty, S. K., Pan, L., Pongprueksa, P., Jang, C., & Chu, H. W., 2012. Source attribution for mercury deposition in the contiguous United States: Regional difference and seasonal variation. J Air & Waste Management Association 62(1): 52 - 63.
- Lutz, B. D., Mulholland, P. J., Bernhardt, E. S., 2012. Long-term data reveal patterns and controls on stream water chemistry in a forested stream: Walker Branch, Tennessee. Ecological Monographs 82(3): 367 - 387.
- McCrackin, M. L., & Elser, J. J., 2012. Denitrification kinetics and denitrifier abundances in sediments of lakes receiving atmospheric nitrogen deposition (Colorado, USA). Biogeochemistry 108: 39 - 54.
- Mallikarachchi, T. D. 2012. Exfiltration trenches for post construction storm water management for linear transportation projects: site investigation on metal removal. Master's thesis, Ohio University, Civil Engineering (Engineering and Technology), 231 pp.
- Mason, R. P., 2012. A framework for a mercury monitoring and assessment program. Mercury in the Environment: Pattern and Process, 81.
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Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: NADP's principal output is the collection and analysis of precipitation chemistry samples. Briefly, the NADP will end the year having collected approximately 13,000 weekly samples (Tuesday to Tuesday) from the 250-site NTN (208 from IL Crop Sciences Research Center-Bondville, Dixon Springs Ag. Center, Northwest IL Ag. Resourses Center, Northern IL A.R.C.). Each has observations of 10 analytes and precipitation volume, which allow for analyte-specific deposition fluxes. The 7-site Atmospheric Integrated Research and Monitoring Network will have collected and processed approximately 1,100 samples (~140 from Bondville). The 106-site Mercury Deposition Network will have collected and processed approximately 5,700 weekly mercury in precipitation samples (50 at Bondville). The Ammonia Monitoring Network (currently 52 sites) will have collected and quality assured about 1,400 ammonia samples (78 in IL, including Bondville). The Atmospheric Mercury Network (22 sites) has now quality assured and produced over 39,000 valid hourly and 2-hour atmospheric mercury averages. Continuous modeling of dry deposition fluxes is being planned for the data. Our second most important output is distributing this data to all for continued research. Scientists, policymakers, educators, students, and others are encouraged to access data at no charge from the NADP (nadp.isws.illinois.edu). Our site offers online retrieval of individual data points, seasonal and annual averages, trends, concentration and deposition maps, reports, and other information. As of today, 2010 calendar year data are complete and online, with data through September of 2011 available shortly. Internet disbursement of data continues to be the primary route of data sharing. Downloads exceeded 27,000 in 12 months. Web statistics show that we are reaching our expected audience: federal and state agencies (app. 30%), universities (30%), K to 12 schools (20%), and others. Our annual maps of atmospheric pollutants, concentrations, and depositions were developed from the 2010 measurements and made public (Sept. 2011). These maps constitute a third major NADP product (nadp.isws.illinois.edu/data/annualiso.aspx). Individual maps are compiled into our annual Map Summary. Currently, the 2010 Summary is final, and distribution has begun (also available on the web). Scientific Meeting: The scientific meeting was held in Providence, RI on October 25 to 28, 2011. It was entitled 'NADP at the Nexus: Cross System Connections'. The meeting was well attended (150), and included over 40 talks, 2 keynote addresses, and 30 posters over 3 days. The meeting included a specific session/workshop on dry deposition of pollutants, and one network also held an operator training session. All presentations, posters, and proceedings are available online (nadp.sws.uiuc.edu/meetings/fall2011/post/default.asp). PARTICIPANTS: The NADP is National Research Support Project 3: A Long-Term Monitoring Program in Support of Research on the Effects of Atmospheric Chemical Deposition. More than 250 sponsors support the NADP, including private companies and other nongovernmental organizations, universities, local and state government agencies, State Agricultural Experiment Stations, national laboratories, Native American organizations, Canadian government agencies, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the U.S. Geological Survey, the National Park Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Bureau of Land Management, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture, under agreement no. 2008 39134 19508. We currently have 20 agriculture scientists associated with this NRSP and listed as Participants on this NRSP, including 2 scientists from the University of Illinois. TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
NADP's principal outcomes and impacts on the broader scientific and educational communities are reflected in the value and usefulness of our network and data. This is suggested by the Internet download statistics, publications using our network and data, etc. NADP has begun its fifth network with agricultural scientists in mind: the Ammonia Monitoring Network. Ammonia is causing great concern among scientists studying agriculture and air pollution. The network is currently operating with 52 sites (including Bondville and 2 other IL sites), and now has quite a large inventory of atmospheric measurements. The low-cost passive measurements are intended for calculating ammonia dry deposition. (http://nadp.sws.uiuc.edu/AMoN/). The NADP continues to convert our precipitation gages to an all digital network, originating with a 2006 membership decision. Currently, the network is well on its way to completing this goal. As of September, 73% percent of our sites were using and reporting digital precipitation data (15-minute observations). Collaboration continues (since 2005) with the USDA Cereal Disease Laboratory (CDL) to measure soybean rust spores (SBR) in NTN samples. Phakopsora pachyrhizi spreads through the aerial release and dispersal of spores. These airborne spores can be scavenged in rain. Sample collection for SBR in NTN samples (5th year) ended in early 2011 (Agricultural Research Service, weekly samples from 80 eastern U.S. NTN sites). Additionally, a new wheat rust investigation, also with CDL, began in November 2010 and continued through the summer of 2011. This initiative used samples at 44 Southern U.S. NADP sites and results should be available soon. This project demonstrates the applicability of the NADP sample network. The CAL measured the concentration of bromide ions in NADP samples as part of a special study with the U.S. Geological Survey. Bromide is now a normal NADP analyte, and is now reported regularly for all NTN sites. Bromide is important to agricultural users, given its fumigant usage and that methyl bromide is classified as an ozone-depleting substance. Research is continuing on whether the organic nitrate compound group can be added to regular NADP operations. A journal article describing the current results of our tests is currently being considered for publication. Further, an independent committee conducted an external review of the NADP's Central Analytical Laboratory during the summer of 2011, as part of our standing quality assurance procedures. Reports of the review were provided at the Fall Meeting 2011, with a formal response to be provided to the Executive Committee in the spring. NRSP-3 continues to enhance our website to better serve our members and data users. The NADP continues to cooperate with textbook producers, providing specific data and mapping products to support education and outreach. 158 publications used NADP data or resulted from NRSP 3 activities in 2011. A publically-available online database that lists citations using NADP data is accessible at: http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/lib/bibliography.aspx.
Publications
- Tsai, J. 2011. Long-term changes in forest soils of Maine and Illinois. Master's Thesis, in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 119 pp.
- Dietze, M.C. and Moorcroft, P.R. 2011. Tree mortality in the eastern and central United States: Patterns and drivers. Global Change Biology 17: 3312-3326, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02477.x.
- Fortner, S.K., Lyons, W.B., Carey, A.E., Shipitalo, M.J., Welch, S.A. and Welch, K.A. 2011. Silicate weathering and CO2 consumption within agricultural landscapes, the Ohio-Tennessee River Basin, USA. Biogeosciences Discuss. 8: 9431-9469, doi:10.5194/bgd-8-9431-2011.
- Isard, S.A., Barnes, C.W., Hambleton, S., Ariatti, A., Russo, J.M., Tenuta, A., Gay, D.A. and Szabo, L.J. 2011. Predicting soybean rust incursions into the North American continental interior using crop monitoring, spore trapping, and aerobiological modeling. Plant Dis. 95: 1346-1357.
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Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/10
Outputs
OUTPUTS: The National Trends Network coordinated the activities at 250 sites. Sites collect precipitation-only samples weekly in 48 states, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. The NTN provides the only long-term nationwide record of wet deposition in the U.S. This network coordinated and analyzed 12,695 field samples and delivered these results to the NADP database. This includes four sites in Illinois, at the State Agriculture Experiment Stations of the University of Illinois (Dixon Springs, Monmouth, Shabbona) and Bondville. The 7-site AIRMoN collects daily precipitation samples and supports research of atmospheric transport and removal of air pollutants, focusing on individual precipitation events. Event samples can be used for research and chemical 'tracking' for source identification. The AIRMoN coordinated and analyzed 1,059 field and QA samples, which were delivered to the NADP database (includes Bondville). The MDN has 120 sites and offers the only continental-scale measurements of mercury (Hg) in North American precipitation. MDN data are used to quantify Hg deposition in areas where there are fish or wildlife consumption advisories. For the year, the MDN coordinated and analyzed 7,200 field samples which were delivered to the NADP database (includes Bondville). To date, over 400,000 observations of precipitation chemistry have been archived by the NADP. Measured concentration and precipitation amounts, along with calculated deposition and quality assurance flags and ratings, can be retrieved online for each network (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/data/). At the NADP Fall 2010 Meeting and Scientific Symposium, the committees voted to approve the Ammonia Monitoring Network (AMoN) as an official NADP network. This network measures the atmospheric concentration of ammonia, through passive devices, allowing for calculation of dry deposition of ammonia to complement our wet deposition measurements of ammonium (NTN). Currently, AMoN has 21 sites, with plans for more. This network took 2,051 samples during 2010. These basic activities fulfilled the project objectives: (1) coordination of the three networks; (2) quality assurance; and (3) chemical analysis, site support, and data validation. Information is disseminated primarily through presentations at the NADP Fall meeting and through the website. NADP data are available at no charge via the Internet, which enables online retrieval of data, seasonal and annual averages, trend plots, concentration and deposition maps, reports, etc. (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu). The 2010 Annual Meeting and Scientific Symposium 'Networking the Networks' was held in Truckee, CA on October 19-21, 2010. There were 152 participants, 2 keynote addresses, 35 speaking, and 31 poster presentations in 6 sessions focusing on networks monitoring the environment. These included 'Climate Change' and 'Soil Networks'. Committee minutes, proceedings, and scientific presentations are available at the website. Preparations are underway for our next Technical and Scientific Meeting in Providence, Rhode Island on October 25 - 28, 2011, with web information available soon. PARTICIPANTS: The NADP is part of National Research Support Project-3: A Long-Term Monitoring Program in Support of Research on the Effects of Atmospheric Chemical Deposition. More than 250 sponsors support the NADP, including private companies and other nongovernmental organizations, universities, local and state government agencies, State Agricultural Experiment Stations, national laboratories, Native American organizations, Canadian government agencies, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the U.S. Geological Survey, the National Park Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Bureau of Land Management, the U.S. Department of Agriculture - Forest Service, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture - National Institute of Food and Agriculture, under agreement no. 2008-39134-19508. TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
NADPs principal outcomes and impacts on the broader scientific and educational communities are reflected in the value and usefulness of our network and data. Collaboration continues with USDA-Cereal Disease Laboratory (CDL) to measure soybean rust spores (SBR) in NTN samples. SBR is a fungal parasite that can cause significant soybean losses. This research started in 2005 and continued through 2010. A new CDL wheat rust investigation began in November 2009 and continued during 2010. This initiative will investigate 44 southern U.S. sites and weekly precipitation samples for several different strains. All calendar year results are forthcoming. Scientists at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) supported research at the NADP's Central Analytical Laboratory (CAL) to determine whether organic nitrogen deposition can be measured reliably and accurately in weekly NTN samples. Preliminary results from these tests indicate a seasonal trend in organic nitrogen concentrations. Furthermore, these concentrations may account for as much as one-third of total nitrogen deposition. NADP has begun to measure the concentration of bromide ions in NADP samples as part of a special study with the U.S. Geological Survey. Bromide is released into the environment via many processes, including agricultural fumigants and flame-retardants. Methyl bromide is classified as an ozone-depleting substance, and its use is strictly regulated. NADP continues to assist authors and publishers who use NADP data and products in textbooks. The latest are Chemistry Matters (Allen and Allen, Kendall-Hunt) and Environmental Geology (Montgomery, McGraw-Hill). Our website continues to be the primary data dissemination tool. During FY 2010, there were more than 39,000 registered users, 356,221 user sessions, 26,938 data downloads and 26,938 downloads of deposition maps (our largest number ever). User type remains about one third federal and state agencies, one third from universities, 20% from K-to-12 schools, and 14% from other organizations. Annual maps of atmospheric pollutants, concentrations, and depositions were developed for 2009 measurements. These maps are used widely and constitute one of the major network products. Maps are available by network, year, and constituent and are compiled into annual reports and animation sequences (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/data). The 2009 Map Summary is available at our website, and by request from the Program Office (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/lib/dataReports.aspx).During the 2010 calendar year, 141 journals and reports were generated using the NADP data in some form. These are listed in the Publications section.
Publications
- Stevenson, B.A., Kelly, E.F., McDonald, E.V., Busacca, A.J., Welker, J.M., 2010. Oxygen isotope ratios in Holocene carbonates across a climatic gradient, eastern Washington State, USA: Evidence for seasonal effects on pedogenic mineral isotopic composition. The Holocene Online, doi:10.1177/0959683609356588.
- Stoleson, Scott H., King, D.I., Tomosy, M., 2010. Avian research on U.S. Forest Service Experimental Forests and Ranges: Emergent themes, opportunities, and challenges, Forest Ecology and Management, In Press, Corrected Proof, doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.038, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T6X-50WXY57-3/2/99da40 8e75b1ca65e6b6571d162ed9a0.
- Stupple, Geoffrey, 2010. Air Mercury Speciation, Foliar Uptake, and Wash-Off along an Urban-Rural Gradient. A thesis submitted for the degree of Masters of Science, University of Toronto.
- Sunderland, Elsie M., Dalziel, J., Heyes, A., Branfireun, B., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Gobas, F.A.P.C., 2010. Response of a Macrotidal Estuary to Changes in Anthropogenic Mercury Loading between 1850 and 2000. Environmental Science and Technology 44: 1698.
- Tabatchnick, M. D., 2010. Mercury Speciation in Temperate Tree Foliage, A Masters thesis for the degree of Master of Science, Wright State University.
- Thornton, Joel A., Kercher, J.P., Riedel, T.P., Wagner, N.L., Cozic, J., Holloway, J.S., Dube, W.P., Wolfe, G.M., Quinn, P.K., Middlebrook, A.M., Alexander, B., Brown, S.S., 2010. A large atomic chlorine source inferred from mid-continental reactive nitrogen chemistry. Nature 464: 271, doi:10.1038/nature08905.
- Willims, Shannon F., 2010. Spatial Distribution of Fluoride Concentration in Goathill North Rock Pile, Questa Molybdenum Mine, Questa, New Mexico. A Thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Science in Hydrology, University of Nevada, Reno.
- Wyn, Brianna, Kidd, K.A., Burgess, N.M., Curry, R.A., Munkittrick, K.R., 2010. Increasing Mercury in Yellow Perch at a Hotspot in Atlantic Canada, Kejimkujik National Park. Environmental Science and Technology 44 (23): 9176, doi: 10.1021/es1018114.
- Yi, Li, Xiaolan, Y., Hongbing, C., Weili, L., Jie, T., Shufeng, W., 2010. Chemical characteristics of precipitation at three Chinese regional background stations from 2006 to 2007. Atmospheric Research 96: 173, doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.12.011.
- Young, Caitlin R., 2010. Extent of Denitrification in Northport Groundwater. A Masters Thesis for the degree of Master of Science Stony Brook University.
- Zhang, Yang, Wen, X.-Y., Jang, C.J., 2010. Simulating chemistry-aerosol-cloud-radiation-climate feedbacks over the continental U.S. using the online-coupled Weather Research Forecasting Model with chemistry (WRF/Chem). Atmospheric Environment 44: 3568.
- Zhao, S.Q., Liu, S., Li, Z., Sohl, T.L., 2010. A spatial resolution threshold of land cover in estimating terrestrial carbon sequestration in four counties in Georgia and Alabama, USA. Biogeosciences, 7: 71.
- Adams, Mary Beth, Loughry, L., Plaugher, L., 2010. Experimental forests and ranges of the USDA Forest Service. USDA Forest Service Publication, http://hdl.handle.net/1957/17290.
- Allen, Daniel, J., Brent, G.F., 2010. Sequestering CO2 by Mineral Carbonation: Stability against Acid Rain Exposure. Environmental Science & Technology 44 (7): 2735-2739.
- Sherwood, Owen A., Lapointe, B.E., Risk, M.J., Jamieson, R.E., 2010. Nitrogen Isotopic Records of Terrestrial Pollution Encoded in Floridian and Bahamian Gorgonian Corals. Environmental Science & Technology 2010 44(3): 874.
- Sigleo, Anne C., Frick, W.E., Prieto, L., 2010. Red Alder (Alnus rubra) Distribution Influences Nitrate Discharge to Coastal Estuaries: Comparison of Two Oregon Watersheds. Northwest Science 84(4): 336, doi: 10.3955/046.084.0403.
- Skogen, K.A., Holsinger, K.E., Cardon, Z.G., 2010. Nitrogen deposition, competition and the decline of a regionally threatened legume, Desmodium cuspidatum. Oecologia, online publication, doi: 10.1007/s00442-010-1818-7. Springsteen, Anna, Loya, W., Liebig, M., Hendrickson, J., 2010. Soil carbon and nitrogen across a chronosequence of woody plant expansion in North Dakota. Plant Soil 328: 369, doi 10.1007/s11104-009-0117-8.
- Sprovieri, E., Pirrone, N., Ebinghaus, R., Kock H., Dommergue, A., 2010. Worldwide atmospheric mercury measurements: a review and synthesis of spatial and temporal trends. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussion 10: 1261, www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/1261/2010/.
- State of North Carolina, 2010. 2005 Ambient Air Quality Report. Department of Environmental and Natural Resources, Division of Air Quality, April 2010.
- Stevens, Carly J., Tilman, D., 2010. Point Source Ammonia Emissions are Having a Detrimental Impact On Prairie Vegetation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 211: 435, doi: 10.1007/s11270-009-0312-5.
- Tonnessen, K.A., 2010. Protecting Wilderness Air Quality in the United States. In: McCool, David N, Borrie, S.F., OLoughlin, W.T. (cmpls.), Wilderness science in a time of change conference, Volume 5: Wilderness ecosystems, threats, and management; 1999 May 23; Missoula, MT. Proceedings RMRS-P-15-VOL-5. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
- Tronstad, Lusha M., Hall, R.O., Koel, T.M., Gerow, K.G., 2010. Introduced Lake Trout Produced a Four-Level Trophic Cascade in Yellowstone Lake. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 139: 1536, doi: 10.1577/T09-151.1.
- Troxler, Tiffany G., Childers, D.L., 2010. Biogeochemical Contributions of Tree Islands to Everglades Wetland Landscape Nitrogen Cycling During Seasonal Inundation. Ecosystems 13: 75, doi: 10.1007/s10021-009-9302-0.
- Vadeboncoeur, Matthew A., 2010. Meta-analysis of fertilization experiments indicates multiple limiting nutrients in northeastern deciduous forests. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40: 1766.
- Tucker, William A., 2010. Final Report: Wekiva River Basin Nitrate Sourcing Study Prepared for: St. Johns River Water Management District, Palatka, Florida 32177 and Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Ullman, William J., Scudlark, J.R., Volk, J.A., 2010. Standard Operating Procedure for the Calculation of N and P Deposition from the Atmosphere to Waters of Delaware s Inland Bays. Report for the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Dover DE 19901, http://www.inlandbays.org/cib_pm/pdfs/uploads/CIB_Atmos_Dep_SOP_FINAL .pdf
- United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, 2010. Competitive Oil and Gas Lease Sales (WY-080-EA10-22), August and November, 2010. Newcastle Field Office, Newcastle, Wyoming.
- Vachon, R.W., Welker, J.M., White, J.W.C., Vaughn, B.H., 2010. Monthly precipitation isoscapes (d18O) of the United States: Connections with surface temperatures, moisture source conditions, and air mass trajectories. Journal of Geophysical Research 115: D21126, doi:10.1029/2010JD014105.
- Van Diepen, Linda T.A., Lilleskov, E.A., Pregitzer, K.S., Miller, R. M., 2010. Simulated Nitrogen Deposition Causes a Decline of Intra- and Extraradical Abundance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Changes in Microbial Community Structure in Northern Hardwood Forests. Ecosystems 13(5): 683, doi: 10.1007/s10021-010-9347-0.
- Van Furl, Chad, Colman, J.A., Bothner, M.H., 2010. Mercury Sources to Lake Ozette and Lake Dickey: Highly Contaminated Remote Coastal Lakes, Washington State, USA. Water, Air & Soil Pollution 208:275, doi: 10.1007/s11270-009-0165-y.
- Van Riper, Laura C., Larson, D.L., Larson, J.L., 2010. Nitrogen-limitation and invasive sweetclover impacts vary between two Great Plains plant communities. Biological Invasions 12(8): 2735, doi: 10.1007/s10530-009-9678-y.
- Vidon, P., Cuadra, P.E., 2010. Impact of precipitation characteristics on soil hydrology in tile-drained landscapes. Hydrological Processes 24, 1821.
- Vijayaraghavan, K., Herr, J., Chen, S.-Y., Knipping, E., 2010. Linkage between an advanced air quality model and a mechanistic watershed model. Geosciences Model Development Discussion 3: 1503, doi:10.5194/gmdd-3-1503-2010.
- Walters, David M., Blocksom, K.A., Lazorchak, J.M., Jicha, T., Angradi, T.R., Bolgrien, D.W., 2010. Mercury Contamination in Fish in Midcontinent Great Rivers of the United States: Importance of Species Traits and Environmental Factors. Environmental Science & Technology 44(8): 2947.
- Ward, Darren M., Nislow, K.H., Chen, C.Y., Foltt, C.L., 2010. Rapid, Efficient Growth Reduces Mercury Concentrations in Stream-Dwelling Atlantic Salmon. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 139: 1, doi: 10.1577/T09-032.1.
- Weand, Matthew P., Arthur, M.A., Lovett, G.M., McCulley, R.L., Weathers, K.C., 2010. Effects of tree species and N additions on forest floor microbial communities and extracellular enzyme activities. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 42: 2161.
- Wetherbee, GregoA., Shaw, M.J., Latysh, N.E., Lehmann, C.M.B., Rothert, J.E., 2010. Comparison of precipitation chemistry measurements obtained by the Canadian Air and Precipitation Monitoring Network and National Atmospheric Deposition Program for the period 1995 2004. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 164: 111, doi: 10.1007/s10661-009-0879-8.
- Winder, V.L., Emslie, S.D., 2010. Mercury in breeding and wintering Nelsons Sparrows (Ammodramus nelsoni). Ecotoxicology (online), doi: 10.1007/s10646-010-0573-1.
- Ashton, Isabel W., Miller, A.E., Bowman, W.D., Suding, K.N., 2010. Niche complementarity due to plasticity in resource use: plant partitioning of chemical N forms. Ecology 91: 3252 3260, doi:10.1890/09-1849.1.
- Bash, Jesse O., 2010. Description and initial simulation of a dynamic bidirectional air‐surface exchange model for mercury in Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. Journal of Geophysical Research 115: D06305, doi:10.1029/2009JD012834.
- Batson, Jacqulyn Ann, 2010. Denitrification and a Nitrogen Budget of Created Riparian Wetlands. Masters Thesis in partial fulfillment for the Degree Master of Science, Ohio State University.
- Beavers, B.W., Liu, Z., Cox, M.S., Kingery, W.L., Brink, G.E., Gerard, P.D., McGregor, K.C., 2010. Phosphorus Dynamics in Two Poultry-Litter Amended Soils of Mississippi Under Three Management Systems. Pedosphere 20(2): 217 , 228.
- Burkle, Laura A., Irwin, R.E., 2010. Beyond biomass: measuring the effects of community-level nitrogen enrichment on floral traits, pollinator visitation and plant reproduction. Journal of Ecology 98: 705,717, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2010.01648.x
- Beem, Katherine B., Raja, S., Schwandner, F.M., Taylor, C., Lee, T., Sullivan, A.P., Carrico, C.M., McMeeking, G.R., Day, D., Levin, E., Hand, J., Kreidenweis, S.M., Schichtel, B., Malm, W.C., Collett, J.L. Jr., 2010. Deposition of reactive nitrogen during the Rocky Mountain Airborne Nitrogen and Sulfur (RoMANS) study. Environmental Pollution 158(3): 862-872, doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.09.023.
- Beltran, Bray J., Amatya, D.M., Youssef, M., Jones, M., Callahan, T.J., Skaggs, R.W., Nettles, J.E., 2010. Impacts of Fertilization on Water Quality of a Drained Pine Plantation: A Worst Case Scenario. Journal of Environmental Quality 39: 293,303.
- Bohl Bormann, Nancy, L, Baxter, C.A., Adraski, T.W., Good, L.W., Bundy, L.G., 2010. Source Water Effects on Runoff Amount and Phosphorus Concentration under Simulated Rainfall. Soil Science Society of America Journal 74: 612,618.
- Coconino County, 2010. Lake Mary Regional TMDL For Mercury in Fish Tissue: Upper Lake Mary, Lower Lake Mary, Soldiers Lake, Soldiers Annex Lake, and Lower Long Lake Little Colorado River Watershed., State of Arizona, Department of Environmental Quality, Open File Report #OFR 10-02.
- Converse, A.D., Riscassi, A.L., Scanlon, T.M., 2010. Seasonal variability in gaseous mercury fluxes measured in a high-elevation meadow. Atmospheric Environment 44(18): 2176, doi 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.024.
- Corvo, F., Reyes, J., Valdes, C., Villasenor, F., Cuesta, O., Aguilar, D., Quintana, P., 2010. Influence of Air Pollution and Humidity on Limestone Materials Degradation in Historical Buildings Located in Cities Under Tropical Coastal Climates. Water, Air & Soil Pollution 205: 359, doi 10.1007/s11270-009-0081-1.
- Croft, B., Lohmann, U., Martin, R.V., Stier, P., Wurzler, S., Feichter, J., Hoose, C., Heikkil, U., van Donkelaar, A., Ferrachat, S., 2010. Influences of in-cloud aerosol scavenging parameterizations on aerosol concentrations and wet deposition in ECHAM5-HAM. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10: 1511.
- Cusack, D.F., Torn, M.S., McDowell, W.H., Silver, W.L., 2010. The response of heterotrophic activity and carbon cycling to nitrogen additions and warming in two tropical soils. Global Change Biology 16: 2555, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02131.x.
- Caffrey, J.M., Landing, W.M., Nolek, S.D., Gosnell, K., Bagui, S.S., Badui, S.C., 2010. Atmospheric deposition of mercury and major ions to the Pensacola Bay (Florida) watershed: spatial, seasonal, and inter-annual variability. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussion 10: 4593,4616, www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/4593/2010/.
- Cai, Meijun, Schwartz, J., Robinson, R., Moore, S., Kulp, M., 2010. Long Term Effects of Acidic Deposition on Water Quality in a High Elevation Great Smoky Mountains National Park Watershed: Use of an Ion Input Output Budget. Water, Air & Soil Pollution 209(1): 143,156, doi: 10.1007/s11270-009-0187-5.
- Chang, Ya-Mei, Hsu, N.J., Huange, H.C., 2010. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics 19(1): 117,139, doi:10.1198/jcgs.2010.07157.
- Civerolo, K., Hogrefe, C., Zalewsky, E., Hao, W., Sistla, G., Lynn, B., Rosenzweig, C., Kinney, P.L., 2010. Evaluation of an 18-year CMAQ simulation: Seasonal variations and long-term temporal changes in sulfate and nitrate. Atmospheric Environment 44(31): 3745,3752, doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.06.056.
- Clow, David W., Mast, M.A., 2010. Mechanisms for chemostatic behavior in catchments: Implications for CO2 consumption by mineral weathering. Chemical Geology 269: 40,51.
- Clow, David W., Nanus, L., Huggett, B., 2010. Use of regression-based models to map sensitivity of aquatic resources to atmospheric deposition in Yosemite National Park, USA. Water Resources Research 46: W09529, doi:10.1029/2009WR008316.
- Daley, Michelle, Potter, J., Difranco, E., McDowell, W.H., 2010. Nitrogen Assessment for the Lamprey River Watershed, New Hampshire Water Resources Research Center (NH WRRC), Department of Natural Resources, The State of New Hampshire.
- David, Mark B., Drinkwater, L.E., McIsaac, G.F., 2010. Sources of Nitrate Yields in the Mississippi River Basin. Journal of Environmental Quality 39: 1657, doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0115.
- Dayyania, Shadi, Prasherb, S.O., Madanic, A., Madramootoob, C.A., 2010. Development of DRAIN WARMF model to simulate flow and nitrogen transport in a tile-drained agricultural watershed in Eastern Canada. Agricultural Water Management 98: 55.
- Dennis, Robin, L., Mathur, R., Pleim, J.E., Walker, J.T., 2010. Fate of ammonia emissions at the local to regional scale as simulated by the Community Multiscale Air Quality model. Atmospheric Pollution Research 1: 207.
- Di Vittorio, Alan, V., Anderson, R.S., White, J.D., Miller, N.L., Running, S.W., 2010. Development and optimization of an Agro-BGC ecosystem model for C4 perennial grasses. Ecological Modeling 221(17): 2038, doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.05.013.
- Drevnick, P.E., Shinneman, A.L.C., Lamborg, C.H., Engstrom, D.R., Bothner, M.H., Oris, J.T., 2010. Mercury Flux to Sediments of Lake Tahoe, California Nevada. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 210: 399, doi 10.1007/s11270-009-0262-y.
- Engle, M. A., Tate, M. T., Krabbenhoft, D. P., Schauer, J. J., Kolker, A., Shanley, J. B., and Bothner, M. H., 2010. Comparison of atmospheric mercury speciation and deposition at nine sites across central and eastern North America. Journal of Geophysical Research 115: D18306, doi: 10.1029/2010JD014064.
- Ewing, H.A., Groffman, P.M., Frank, D.A., 2010. Grazers and soil moisture determine the fate of added 15NH4+ in Yellowstone grasslands. Plant Soil 328: 337, doi: 10.1007/s11104-009-0113-z.
- Fang, Y., Fiore, A.M., Horowitz, L.W., Levy, H., Hu, Y., Russell, A.G., 2010. Sensitivity of the NOy budget over the United States to anthropogenic and lightning NOx in summer. Journal of Geophysical Research 115: D18312, doi:10.1029/2010JD014079.
- Goel, Anubha., McConnell, L.L., Torrents, A., Kuang, Z., Hapeman, C.J., Merritt, D.W., Alexander, S.T., Scudlark, J.R., and Scarborough, R., 2010. Environmental Factors Affecting the Levels of Legacy Pesticides in the Airshed of Delaware and Chesapeake Bays, USA. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 29: 1893, doi: 10.1002/etc.243.
- Goodman, Keli J., 2010. The Effect of In-Line Lakes on Dissolved Organic Matter Dynamics in Mountain Streams. All GraduateTheses and Dissertations. Paper 702, http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/702.
- Goodman, Keli, J., Baker, M.A., Wurtsbaugh, W.A., 2010. Mountain lakes increase organic matter decomposition rates in streams. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 29(2): 521, doi: 10.1899/09-070.1
- Gustin, Mae, Jaffe, D., 2010. Reducing the Uncertainty in Measurement and Understanding of Mercury in the Atmosphere. Environmental Science & Technology 44(7): 2222.
- Hill, Brian, H., Elonen, C.M., Jicha, T.M., Bolgrien, D.W., Moffett, M.F., 2010. Sediment microbial enzyme activity as an indicator of nutrient limitation in the great rivers of the Upper Mississippi River basin. Biogeochemistry 97(2-3): 195, doi: 10.1007/s10533-009-9366-0.
- Hill, J. Jaron, Chumchal, M.M., Drenner, R.W., Pinder, J.E., Drenner, S.M., 2010. Use o preserved museum fish to evaluate historical and current mercury contamination in fish from two rivers in Oklahoma, USA. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 161: 509, doi: 10.1007/s10661-009-0764-5.
- Hrmas, Daniel R., Amrhein, C., Graham, R.C., 2010. Spatial and process-based modeling of soil inorganic carbon storage in an arid piedmont. Geoderma 154: 486, doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.05.005.
- Greenquist, M.A., Schwarz, A.K., Klopfenstein, T.J., Schacht, W.H., Erickson, G.E., Vander Pol, K.J., Luebbe, M.K., Brink, K.R., Baleseng, L.B., 2010. Effects of nitrogen fertilization and dried distillers grains supplementation: Nitrogen use efficiency. Journal of Animal Science, online publication, doi:10.2527/jas.2010-2902.
- Huijnen, V., Williams, J.E., van Weele, M., van Noije, T.P.C., Krol, M.C., Dentener, F., Segers, A., Houweling, S., Peters, W., de Laat, A.T.J., Boersma, K.F., Bergamaschi, P., van Velthoven, P.F.J., Le Sager, P., Eskes, H.J., Alkemade, F., Scheele, M.P., Nedelec, P., Patz, H.W., 2010. The global chemistry transport model TM5: description and evaluation of the tropospheric chemistry version 3.0. Geosciences Model Development Discussion 3: 1009, www.geosci-model-dev-discuss.net/3/1009/2010/, doi:10.5194/gmdd-3-1009-2010.
- International Maritime Organization Marine Environment Protection Committee, 2010. Designation of an Emission Control Area for Nitrogen Oxides, Sulphur Oxidesand Particulate Matter. Interpretations of and Amendments to MARPOL and Related Instruments (61st Session, Agenda Item 7, (MEPC 61/INF.9, 25 June, 2010), 57 pages.
- Gratz, Lynne E., 2010. Identification of Atmospheric Mercury Sources and Transport Pathways on Local and Regional Scales. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of Michigan.
- Grenon, Jill; Svalberg, T. Porwoll, T., Story, M., 2010. Lake and bulk sampling chemistry, NADP, and IMPROVE air quality data analysis on the Bridger-Teton National Forest (USFS Region 4). Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-248WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 44 p.
- Laudon, Hjalmar, Norton, S.A., 2010. Drivers and evolution of episodic acidification at the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine, USA. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, published online, doi: 10.1007/s10661-010-1526-0.
- Li, H., Sivapalan, M., Tian, F., Liu, D., 2010. Water and nutrient balances in a large tile-drained agricultural catchment: a distributed modeling study. Hydrological Earth Systems Science Discussion 7: 3931, www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci-discuss.net/7/3931/2010/, doi:10.5194/hessd-7-3931-2010.
- Liu, X.-H., Zhang, Y., Olsen, K.M., Wang, W.-X., Do, A.B., Bridgers, G.M., 2010. Responses of future air quality to emission controls over North Carolina, Part I: Model evaluation for current-year simulations. Atmospheric Environment 44(10): 2443, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.04.002.
- Lloyd, Philip J., 2010. Changes in the wet precipitation of sodium and chloride over the continental United States, 1984-2006. Atmospheric Environment 44 (26): 3196, doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.05.016.
- Luyssaert, S., Ciais, P., Piao, S.L., Schulze, E.D., Jung, M., Zaehle, S., Schelhaas, M.J., Reichstein, M., Churkin, G., Papale, D., Abril, G., Beer, C., Grace, J., Lous Tau, D., Matteucci, G., Magnani, F., Nabuurs, G.J., Verbeeck, H., Sulkava, M., van der Werf, G.R., Janssens, I.A., and members of the Carboeurope-IP Synthesis Team, 2010. The European carbon balance. Part 3: forests. Global Change Biology 16: 1429, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02056.x.
- Lyman, Seth N., Gustin, M.S., Prestbo, E.M., 2010. A passive sampler for ambient gaseous oxidized mercury concentrations. Atmospheric Environment 44: 246.
- Maryland, State of., 2010. Total Maximum Daily Load of Mercury for Watersheds draining to Millington Wildlife Management Area Ponds. Maryland, Department of Environment, Baltimore, MD 21230, http://www.mde.state.md.us/assets/document/Millington_WMA_Hg_081910_P Cdraft.pdf.
- McMahon, Sean M., Parker, G.G., Miller, D.R., 2010. Evidence for a recent increase in forest growth. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107(8): 3611, www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.0912376107.
- Maryland, State of, 2010. Watershed Report for Biological Impairment of the Deep Creek Lake Watershed in Garrett County, Maryland: Biological Stressor Identification Analysis Results and Interpretation. Department of the Environment, July 2010, 28pp.
- Mast, Alisa. M., Manthorne, D.J., Roth, D.A., 2010. Historical deposition of mercury and selected trace elements to high-elevation National Parks in the Western U.S. inferred from lake-sediment cores. Atmospheric Environment 44: 2577.
- McLauchlan, Kendra K., Ferguson, C.J., Wilson, I.E., Ocheltree, T.W., Craine, J.M., 2010. Thirteen decades of foliar isotopes indicate declining nitrogen availability in central North American grasslands. New Phytologist Special Issue 187 (4) 1135, doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03322.x.
- Moravec, B.G., Keller, C.K., Smith, J.L., Allen-King, R.M., Goodwin, A.J., Fairley, J.P., Larson, P.B., 2010. Oxygen-18 dynamics in precipitation and streamflow in asemi-arid agricultural watershed, Eastern Washington, USA. Hydrologic Processes 24: 446.
- Naik, Avani, 2010. Trace Metal Fluxes in Southwest Ohio Watersheds. A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Science, Wright State University.
- Navratil, Tomas, Norton, S.A., Fernandez, I.J., Nelson, S.J., 2010. Twenty-year inter-annual trends and seasonal variations in precipitation and stream water chemistry at the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine, USA. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, online publication, 23 pp., doi: 10.1007/s10661-010-1527-z.
- Reese, Emyrei, 2010. Comparison of Agricultural Area Source Ammonia Gas Concentration and Flux Measurements. All Graduate Theses and Dissertations. Paper 543, http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/543.
- Ren, X., Gao, H., Zhou, X., Crounse, J.D., Wennberg, P.O., Browne, E.C., LaFranchi, B.W., Cohen, R.C., McKay, M., Goldstein, A.H., Mao, J., 2010. Measurement of atmospheric nitrous acid at Blodgett Forest during BEARPEX2007. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussion 10: 7383, www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/7383/2010/.
- Richardson, Barbara, Richardson, M., Gonzalez, G., Shiels, A., Srivastava, D., 2010. A Canopy Trimming Experiment in Puerto Rico: The Response of Litter Invertebrate Communities to Canopy Loss and Debris Deposition in a Tropical Forest Subject to Hurricanes. Ecosystems 13(2): 286, doi: 10.1007/s10021-010-9317-6.
- Risch, M.R., Baker, N.T., Fowler, K.K., Egler, A.L., Lampe, D.C., 2010. Mercury in Indiana Watersheds: Retrospective for 2001-2006. US Geological Survey Professional Paper 1780, 66pp.
- Rothenberg, Sarah E., McKee, L., Gilbreath, A., Yee, D., Conner, M., Fu, X., 2010. Wet deposition of mercury within the vicinity of a cement plant before and during cement plant maintenance. Atmospheric Environment 44(10): 1255, doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.12.033.
- Rygiwicz, Paul T., Monleon, V.J., Ingham, E.R., Martin, K.J., Johnson, M.G., 2010. Soil life in reconstructed ecosystems: Initial soil food web responses after rebuilding a forest soil profile for a climate change experiment. Applied Soil Ecology 45: 26.
- Sahu, S. K., Gelfand, A. E., Holland, D. M., 2010. Fusing point and areal level space time data with application to wet deposition. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C (Applied Statistics) 59(1): 77, doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9876.2009.00685.x.
- Sanei, H., Goodarzi, F., Outridge, P.M., 2010. Spatial distribution of mercury and other trace elements in recent lake sediments from central Alberta, Canada: An assessment of the regional impact of coal-fired power plants. International Journal of Coal Geology 82: 105, ISSN doi: 10.1016/j.coal.2010.01.010.
- Sanei, H., Outridge, P.M., Goodarzi, F., Wang, F., Armstrong, D., Warren, K., Fishback, L., 2010. Wet deposition mercury fluxes in the Canadian sub-Arctic and southern Alberta, measured using an automated precipitation collector adapted to cold regions. Atmospheric Environment 44(13): 1672, doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.01.030.
- Schultheis, E.H., Hopfensperger, K.N., Brenner, J.C. 2010. Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Sphagnum Bogs of the Southern Appalachian Mountains. Natural Areas Journal 30(4): 417. 2010, doi: 10.3375/043.030.0407.
- Seaver, George A., 2010. Estuary response to an abrupt, large increase in groundwater nitrate input. Applied Geochemistry 25: 1453, doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.07.003.
- Florida, State of, 2010. Site-Specific Information in Support of Establishing Numeric Nutrient Criteria for the Springs Coast, Florida. Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, FL 32399, http://www.dep.state.fl.us/water/wqssp/nutrients/docs/estuarine/pinel laspark/springs_coast_082010.pdf.
- Fenn, Mark. E., Allen, E.B., Weiss, S.B., Jovan, S., Geiser, L.H., Tonnesen, G.S., Johnson, R.F., Rao, L.E., Gimeno, B.S., Yuan, F., Meixner, T., Bytnerowicz, A., 2010. Nitrogen critical loads and management alternatives for N-impacted ecosystems in California. Journal of Environmental Management 91: 2404.
- Filippa, Gianluca, Freppaz, M., Williams, M.W., Zanini, E., 2010. Major element chemistry in inner alpine snowpacks (Aosta Valley Region, NW Italy). Cold Regions Science and Technology 64 (2): 158.166, doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2010.07.005.
- Florida, State of, 2010. Site-Specific Information in Support of Establishing Numeric Nutrient Criteria for Choctawhatchee Bay, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, FL 32399.
- Florida, State of, 2010. Site-Specific Information in Support of Establishing Numeric Nutrient Criteria for St. Joseph Bay. Division of Environmental Assessment and Restoration, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, FL 32399.
- Follstad Shaw, J.J., Harner, M.J., Tibbets, T.M., 2010. Elaeagnus angustifolia Elevates Soil Inorganic Nitrogen Pools in Riparian Ecosystems. Ecosystems 13: 46, doi: 10.1007/s10021-009-9299-4.
- Fu, X., Feng, X., Zhu, W., Rothenberg, S., Yao, H., Zhang, H., 2010. Elevated atmospheric deposition and dynamics of mercury in a remote upland forest of southwestern China. Environmental Pollution 158(6): 2324, doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.01.032.
- Gaddis, Erica, Voinov, A., 2010. Spatially Explicit Modeling of Land Use Specific Phosphorus Transport Pathways to Improve TMDL Load Estimates and Implementation Planning. Water Resources Management 24: 1621, doi: 10.1007/s11269-009-9517-z.
- Gahl, M.K., Calhoun, A.J.K., 2010. The role of multiple stressors in ranavirus-caused amphibian mortalities in Acadia National Park wetlands. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 88: 108.
- Garvey, James, Ickes, B., Zigler, S., 2010. Challenges in merging fisheries research and management: the Upper Mississippi River experience. Hydrobiologia 640: 125, doi: 10.1007/s10750-009-0061-x.
- Geiser, Linda H., Jovan, S.E., Glavich, D.A., Porter, M.K., 2010. Lichen-based critical loads for atmospheric nitrogen deposition in Western Oregon and Washington Forests, USA. Environmental Pollution 158(7): 2412, doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.04.001.
- Gil, Inigo San, White, M., Melendez, E., Vanderbilt, K., 2010. Case Studies of Ecological Integrative Information Systems: The Luquillo and Sevilleta Information Management Systems. Communications in Computer and Information Science 108: 18, doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-16552-8_3.
- Gilbert, Douglas, Wieckowicz, R., Kang, W.-J., Wilcox, E.G., Ralys, B., 2010. TMDLs for Munson Slough WBID 807D (Dissolved Oxygen), Lake Munson WBID 807C [Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrients (Trophic State Index), and Turbidity] and Munson Slough Below Lake Munson WBID 807 (Dissolved Oxygen and Un-ionized ammonia). Florida Department of Environmental Protection, 136 pages.
- Godsey, Sarah E., Aas, W., Clair, T.A., deWit, H.A., Fernandez, I.J., Kahl, J.S., Malcolm, I.A., Neal, C., Neal, M., Nelson, S.J., Norton, S.A., Palucias, M.C., Skjelkvale, B.L., Soulsby, C., Tetzlaff, D., Kirchner, J.W., 2010. Generality of fractal 1/f scaling in catchment tracer time series, and its implications for catchment travel time distributions. Hydrologic Processes 24: 1660.
- Kelly, Charlene N., 2010. Carbon and nitrogen cycling in watersheds of contrasting vegetation types in the Fernow Experimental Forest, West Virginia. Dissertation submitted for partial fulfillment of the Doctor of Philosophy degree, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
- Jardine, Timothy D., Bunn, S.E., 2010. Northern Australia, whither the mercury Marine and Freshwater Research 61(4): 451, doi:10.1071/MF09126.
- Jin, Li, Siegel, D.I., Lautz, L.K., Mitchell, M.J., Dahms, D.E., Mayer, B., 2010. Calcite precipitation driven by the common ion effect during groundwater surface-water mixing: A potentially common process in streams with geologic settings containing gypsum. Geological Society of America Bulletin 122: 1027, doi: 10.1130/B30011.1.
- Jonson, J.E., Travnikov, O. (eds), 2010. Joint MSC-W/MSC-E Report EMEP/MSC-W Technical Report 1/2010: Development of the EMEP global modeling framework: Progress report. http://emep.int/publ/reports/2010/emep_technical_1_2010.pdf.
- Kendall, Carol, Young, M.B., Silva, S.R., 2010. Applications of Stable Isotopes for Regional to National-Scale Water Quality and Environmental Monitoring Programs. Chapter 5 in Isoscapes: Understanding Movement, Pattern, and Process on Earth Through Isotope Mapping, J.B. West et al. (eds.), doi 10.1007/978-90-481-3354-3_5,
- King County, 2010. Initial Assessment of Nutrient Loading to Quartermaster Harbor. Prepared by Curtis DeGasperi, Water and Land Recourses Division, Seattle Washington.
- Kolka, Randall K., Giardina, C.P., McClure, J.D., Mayer, A., Jurgensen, M.F., 2010. Partitioning hydrologic contributions to an old-growth riparian area in the Huron Mountains of Michigan, USA. Ecohydrology. 3, 315. doi: 10.1002/eco.112.
- Kolker, A., Olson, M.L., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Tate, M.T., Engle, M.A., 2010. Patterns of mercury dispersion from local and regional emission sources, rural Central Wisconsin, USA. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussion 10: 1823, www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/1823/2010/.
- Krzyzanowski, Judi, 2010. Review and Identification of Research Needs to Address Key Issues Related to Reactive Nitrogen (RN) Deposition and Eutrophication in a Canadian Context (Final Report). Prepared for: Acid Rain Task Group, Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, PN 1450.
- Lambert, W.J., Aharon, P., 2010. Oxygen and hydrogen isotopes of rainfall and dripwater at DeSoto Caverns (Alabama, USA): Key to understanding past variability of moisture transport from the Gulf of Mexico. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 74: 846, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2009.10.043.
- Landing, W.M., Caffrey, J.M., Nolek, S.D., Gosnell, K.J., Parker, W.C., 2010. Atmospheric wet deposition of mercury and other trace elements in Pensacola, Florida. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10: 4867, doi: 10.5194/acp-10-4867-2010.
- O Driscoll, Michael A., DeWalle, D.R., 2010. Seeps Regulate Stream Nitrate Concentration in a Forested Appalachian Catchment. Journal Environmental Quality 39: 420, doi: 10.2134/jeq2009.0083.
- North Carolina, State of, 2010. 2006 Ambient Air Quality Report. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Air Quality Division.
- Norton, S.A., Fernandez, I.J., Kahl, J.S., Rustad, L.E., Navratil, T., Almquist, H., 2010. The evolution of the science of Bear Brook Watershed in Maine, USA. Environmental Monitoring and Assess 171: 3, doi: 10.1007/s10661-010-1528-y.
- Peters, Debra P.C., 2010. Accessible ecology: synthesis of the long, deep, and broad. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 25(10): 592, doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2010.07.005.
- Ponette Gonzalez, A. G., Weathers, K. C., Curran, L. M., 2010. Tropical land-cover change alters biogeochemical inputs to ecosystems in a Mexican montane landscape. Ecological Applications 20:1820, doi:10.1890/09-1125.1.
- Pouyat, Richard V., Weathers, K.C., Hauber, R., Lovett, G.M., Bartuska, A., Christenson, L., Davis, J.L.D., Findlay, S.E.G., Menninger, H., Rosi-Marshall, E., Stine, P., Lymn, N., 2010. The role of federal agencies in the application of scientific knowledge. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 8: 322. doi:10.1890/090180.
- Prospero, J. M., Landing, W. M., Schulz, M., 2010. African dust deposition to Florida: Temporal and spatial variability and comparisons to models. Journal of Geophysical Research 115: D13304, doi:10.1029/2009JD012773.
- Padgett, Pamela, E., 2010. The effect of ambient ozone and humidity on the performance of nylon and Teflon filters used in ambient air monitoring filterpack systems. Atmospheric Pollution Research 1: 23.
- Pan, Li, Lin, C.-J., Carmichael, G.R., Streets, D.G., Tang, Y., Woo, J.H., Shetty, S.K., Chu, H.-W., Ho, T.C., Friedli, H.R., Feng, X., 2010. Study of atmospheric mercury budget in East Asia using STEM-Hg modeling system. Science of The Total Environment 408(16): 3277, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.04.039.
- Parman, Jordan N., 2010. Climatological and elevational controls on organic and inorganic nutrients in stream waters, Boulder Creek watershed, Colorado Front Range. A Masters thesis submitted to the University of Colorado.
- Parsons, Matthew J., Long, D.T., Yohn, S.S., 2010. Assessing the natural recovery of a lake contaminated with Hg using estimated recovery rates determined by sediment chronologies. Applied Geochemistry 25: 1676.
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Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: During the year, the NTN coordinated the activities at 250 NTN stations. Sites collect precipitation-only samples weekly in 48 states, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/sites/ntnmap.asp). The NTN is the only long-term nationwide record of wet deposition in the U.S. This project coordinated and analyzed 18,454 samples which were delivered to the NADP database. Measured concentration, precipitation amounts, wet deposition rates and quality assurance flags and ratings are available online. The 7-site AIRMoN (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/AIRMoN/) collects daily precipitation samples and supports research of atmospheric transport and removal of air pollutants, focusing on individual precipitation events. During the past year, the AIRMoN coordinated and analyzed more than 1,390 samples, which were delivered to the NADP database (ongoing). The MDN has 113 sites (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/mdn/), and offers the only regional measurements of mercury (Hg) in North American precipitation. For the year, the MDN coordinated and analyzed approximately 6,001 precipitation samples, and delivered the data to the NADP database (ongoing). Refinement of the quality assurance documentation occurred during the year. Updated versions of the following were produced and approved prior to the fall 2009 meeting: 1) Quality Management Plan; 2) Quality Assurance Plan; 3) Guidelines for NADP Laboratory Quality Assurance Reports; 4) Guidelines for NADP Laboratory Reviews; 5) Guidelines for NADP Quality Management System Review; 6) NADP Site Information Worksheet; 7) NADP Site Selection and Installation Manual; and 8) Guide for New NADP Initiatives. The Central Analytical Laboratory (NTN network lab) was audited during July 2009, with recommendations provided and small changes occurring over the year. The mercury lab was audited in September 2009. These basic activities fulfilled the project objectives: (1) coordination of three networks; (2) quality assurance to ensure consistency; and (3) analytical, site support, and data validation services for all sites. Information is disseminated primarily through scientific presentations at the NADP fall meeting, and data are provided through the Web site. NADP data are available at no charge, which enables online retrieval, seasonal and annual averages, trend plots, concentration and deposition maps, reports, manuals, etc. (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu). In FY08, we instituted new Web service updates, which should allow us to provide more information to more people. These improvements continued throughout FY09. Our FY08 scientific meeting "30 Years of Network Operations: Focusing on the Future" was held in Madison, WI on Oct. 14-16, 2008. It attracted more than 135 participants, and 43 plenary and 29 poster presentations organized into seven topical areas. The minutes and presentations are available (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/meetings/). The NADP continues to convert to an all-digital precipitation gage network. Also, preparations are well underway for our next Fall Technical and Scientific Meeting in New York on October 6 to 10, 2009 (http://nadp.isws.illinois.edu/meetings/fall2009/a/). PARTICIPANTS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
NADP's principal outcomes and impacts on the broader scientific and educational communities are reflected in the perceived value of our data products. Value: The United States-Canada Air Quality Agreement, Progress Report 2008 (http://www.epa.gov/airmarkt/progsregs/usca/index.htm) addresses requirements of the 1991 U.S.-Canada Air Quality Agreement. NADP's data and maps are used extensively to show that wet deposition of acid is improving, and that the bilateral agreement regiments are being met. EPA's Science Advisory Board has drafted "Reactive Nitrogen in the United States: An Analysis of Inputs, Flows, Consequences, and Management Options" (http://yosemite.epa.gov/sab/). This report uses NADP measurements liberally to support many advisory conclusions about nitrogen addition to the environment. Stimulating Research: Many peer-reviewed scientific publications use or compare to NADP, including 53 journal articles and reports (Jan. to Aug., 2009) listed here. Our datasets were used extensively at our FY09 Fall Symposium. Many are of particular interest to agriculture and include a keynote address on the 30-year NADP history and our agricultural roots (E. B. Cowling), along with the sessions:(1) Total Nitrogen Deposition; (2) Ammonia Measurements; and (3) Standing Sentinel over America's Crops (airborne ag. diseases). Our organization and data have fostered ideas for further research. NADP scientists have initiated and are operating a low-cost atmospheric ammonia monitoring network. The network produced 2,272 samples analyzed during the past year (http://nadpweb.isws.illinois.edu/nh3net/). NADP continues to collaborate with the USDA Cereal Disease Laboratory to look for soybean rust spores in NADP FY09 samples (5th year). Genetic methods confirmed spores in 8% of NADP FY08 samples. A web-based animation series was created to show spore movement, etc. EPA and NADP scientists have begun tests to determine if organic nitrogen deposition can be measured reliably and accurately. Preliminary results are very promising. This added information would be particularly important to our understanding of nitrogen deposition patterns. Dissemination: Our Web site continues to be the primary data dissemination tool. This site received ~ 1.65 million "hits" and 90,000 unique visitors in the past 12 months, and has almost 40,000 registered users. More importantly, users retrieved 26,000 data files. One-third of users are from federal and state agencies, another third from universities, and one-fifth from K-to-12 schools. These statistics demonstrate that NADP continues to be relevant to these communities. We also distributed 1,800 printed FY07 Map Summaries. The EPA Clean Air Markets Division has produced a new Web-based data tool for on-demand mapping of wet deposition (nitrate, sulfate, ammonium, etc.) and total deposition and other factors (emissions, etc). This Web-tool can be found at: (http://camddataandmaps.epa.gov/gdm/). Dissemination/Outreach: NADP continues to assist authors and publishers using NADP data and products in new science textbooks. The latest is "Chemistry Matters" (Allen and Allen, Kendall-Hunt Pub.).
Publications
- Chapra, S.C., Dove, A. and Rockwell, D.C. 2009. Great Lakes chloride trends: Long-term mass balance and loading analysis. Journal of Great Lakes Research 35:272-284.
- Ainslie, B., Reuten, C., Steyn, D.G., Le, N.D. and Zidek, J.D. 2009. Application of an entropy-based Bayesian optimization technique to the redesign of an existing monitoring network for single air pollutants. Journal of Environmental Management 90:2715-2729.
- Aleksic, N., Roy, K., Sistla, G., Dukett, J., Houck, N. and Casson, P. 2009. Analysis of cloud and precipitation chemistry at Whiteface Mountain, NY. Atmospheric Environment 43:2709-2716.
- Baron, J.S., Schmidt, T.W. and Hartman, M.D. 2009. Climate-induced changes in high elevation stream nitrate dynamics. Global Change Biology 15:1777-1789.
- Altieri, K.E., Turpin, B.J. and Seitzinger, S.P. 2009. Oligomers, organosulfates, and nitrooxy organosulfates in rainwater identified by ultra-high resolution electrospray ionization FT-ICR mass spectrometry. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9:2533-2542. Available at: www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/2533/2009/.
- Allen, G., Burns, D.A., Negra, C. and Thurston, G.D. 2009. Indicator measurements for assessing the impacts of anthropogenic air pollutants on human health and ecosystems. EM Magazine, Air and Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, PA. (In Press).
- Barnes, C.W., Szabo, L.J. and Bowersox, V.C. 2009. Identifying and quantifying Phakopsora pachyrhizi spores in rain. Phytopathology 99:328-338.
- Baldigo, B.P., Lawrence, G.B., Bode, R.W., Simonin, H.A., Roy, K.M. and Smith, A.J. 2009. Impacts of acidification on macroinvertebrate communities in streams of the western Adirondack Mountains, New York, USA. Ecological Indicators 9:226-239.
- Bohlke, J.K. and Michel, R.L. 2009. Contrasting residence times and fluxes of water and sulfate in two small forested watersheds in Virginia, USA. Science of the Total Environment 407:4363-4377.
- Bullock Jr., O.R., Atkinson, D., Braverman, T., Civerolo, K., Dastoor, A., Davignon, D., Ku, J., Lohman, K., Myers, T.C., Park, R.J., Seigneur, C., Selin, N.E., Sistla, G. and Vijayaraghavan, K. 2009. An analysis of simulated wet deposition of mercury from the North American Mercury Model Intercomparison Study. Journal of Geophysical Research 114: D08301, doi:10.1029/2008JD011224.
- Burns, D., Boyer, E.W., Elliott, E.M. and Kendall, C. 2009. Sources and transformations of nitrate from streams draining varying land uses: Evidence from dual isotope analysis. Journal of Environmental Quality 38:1149-1159, doi:10.2134/jeq2008.0371.
- Chen, Y. and Lin, L-S. 2009. Responses of streams in central Appalachian Mountain region to reduced acidic deposition - Comparisons with other regions in North America and Europe. Science of the Total Environment 407:2285-2295.
- Sigler, J.M., Mao, H., Sive, B.C. and Talbot, R. 2009. Oceanic influence on atmospheric mercury at coastal and inland sites: A springtime noreaster in New England. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discuss 9:8737-8755. Available at: www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/9/8737/2009/.
- Sjostrom, D.J. and Welker, J.M. 2009. The influence of air mass source on the seasonal isotopic composition of precipitation, eastern USA. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 102:103-112.
- Elliott, E.M., Kendall, C., Boyer, E.W., Burns, D.A., Lear, G., Golden, H.E., Harlin, K., Bytnerowicz, A., Butler, T.J. and Glatz, R. 2009. Dual nitrate isotopes in actively and passively collected dry deposition: Utility for partioning NOx sources, understanding reaction pathways, and comparisons with isotopes in wet deposition. Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences. (In Press).
- Goddard, M.A., Mikhailova, E.A., Posta, C.J., Schlautman, M.A. and Galbraith, J.M. 2009. Continental United States atmospheric wet calcium deposition and soil inorganic carbon stocks. Soil Science Society of America Journal 73:989-994, doi:10.2136/sssaj2008.0004.
- Goldstein, C.L., Williard, K.W.J. and Schoonover, J.E. 2009. Impact of an invasive exotic species on stream nitrogen levels in southern Illinois. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 45(3): 664-672.
- Clair, T.C. and Burns, D.A. 2009. Ecosystem effects of air pollutants. In NARSTO multi-pollutant air quality management assessment. Edited by G. Hidy, K. Demerjian, and W. Pennell. (In Press).
- Cohen, M.J., Lamsa, S., Osborne, T.Z., Bonzongo, J.C.J., Newman, S. and Reddy, K.R. 2009. Soil total mercury concentrations across the Greater Everglades. Soil Science Society of America Journal 73:675-685, doi:10.2136/sssaj2008.0126.
- Dutt, U., Nelson, P.F., Morrison, A.L. and Strezov, V. 2009. Mercury wet deposition and coal-fired power station contributions: An Australian study. Fuel Processing Technology doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.06.019.
- Goodale, C.L., Thomas, S.A., Fredriksen, G., Elliott, E.M., Flinn, K.M., Butler, T.J. and Walter, M.T. 2009. Unusual seasonal patterns and inferred processes of nitrogen retention in forested headwaters of the Upper Susquehanna River. Biogeochemistry 93:197-218, doi:10.1007/s10533-009-9298-8.
- Guentzel, J.L. 2009. Wetland influences on mercury transport and bioaccumulation in South Carolina. Science of the Total Environment 407:1344-1353, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.09.030.
- Halpern, B.S., Kappel, C.V., Selkoe, K.A., Micheli, F., Ebert, C.M., Kontgis, C., Crain, C.M., Martone, R.G., Shearer, C. and Teck, S.J. 2009. Mapping cumulative human impacts to California: Current marine ecosystems. Conservation Letters 2:138-148.
- Hicks, B.B. 2009. Acid rain: Readable at last, a review. BioScience 59:88-89, doi:10.1525/bio.2009.59.1.14.
- Huang, D., Xu, Y., Peng, P., Zhang, H. and Lan, J. 2009. Chemical composition and seasonal variation of acid deposition in Guangzhou, South China: Comparison with precipitation in other major Chinese cities. Environmental Pollution 157:35-41.
- Inamdar, S., Rupp, J. and Mitchell, M. 2009. Groundwater flushing of solutes at wetland and hillslope positions during storm events in a small glaciated catchment in western New York, USA. Atmospheric Environment 43:4070-4077.
- Kelly, J.L. 2009. Cap-and-trade for climate change policy: Lessons learned from emissions trading in the U.S. and the U.K. Connecticut College Economics Honors Papers, posted at DigitalCommons@Connecticut College.
- Jensen, S.S., Larson, T., Deepti, K.C. and Kaufman, J.D. 2009. Modeling traffic air pollution in street canyons in New York City for intra-urban exposure assessment in the U.S. Multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis and air pollution. Atmospheric Environment 43:4544-4556, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.06.042.
- Lepak, J.M., Shayler, H.A., Kraft, C.E. and Knuth, B.A. 2009. Mercury contamination in sport fish in the northeastern United States: Considerations for future data collection. Bioscience 59(2)174-181, doi:10.1525/bio.2009.59.2.10.
- Liang, Y., Lin, T., Hwong, J., Lin, N. and Wang, C. 2009. Fog and precipitation chemistry at a Mid-Land Forest in Central Taiwan. Journal of Environmental Quality 38:627-636, doi:10.2134/jeq2007.0410.
- Ross, D.S., Wemple, B.C., Jamison, A.E., Fredriksen, G., Shanley, J.B., Lawrence, G.B., Bailey, S.W. and Campbell, J.L. 2009. A cross-site comparison of factors influencing soil nitrification rates in northeastern USA forested watersheds. Ecosystems 12:158-178, doi:10.1007/s10021-008-9214-4.
- Linker, L., Shenk, G., Wang, P. and Batiuk, R. 2009. Integration of modeling, research, and monitoring in the Chesapeake Bay Program. Chapter 3 In: The management of water quality and irrigation technologies, 2009 ISBN 978-84407-670-3, Earthscan, London.
- Matsubara, H., Morimoto, S., Sase, H., Ohizumi, T., Sumida, H., Nakata, M. and Ueda, H. 2009. Long-term declining trends in river water pH in Central Japan. Water Air Soil Pollution 200:253-265, doi:10.1007/s11270-008-9909-3.
- Mills, R.B., Paterson, A.M., Lean, D.R.S., Smol, J.P., Mierle, G. and Blais, J.M. 2009. Dissecting the spatial scales of mercury accumulation in Ontario Lake sediment. Environmental Pollution 157:2949-2956.
- Ruiz-Cardenas, R., Ferreira, M.A.R. and Schmidt, A.M. 2009. Stochastic search algorithms for optimal design of monitoring networks. Environmetrics online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com), doi:10.1002/env.989d.
- Schwede, D.B., Dennis, R.L. and Bitz, M.A. 2009. The watershed deposition tool: A tool for incorporating atmospheric deposition in water-quality analyses. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 45(4):973-985, doi:10.1111 / j.1752-1688.2009.00340.x.
- Sickles, J.E., Shadwick, D.S., Kilaru, J.V. and Grimm, J.W. 2009. Errors in representing regional acid deposition with spatially sparse monitoring: Case studies of the eastern U.S. using model predictions. Atmospheric Environment 43:2855-2861.
- Van Metre, P.C. and Fuller, C.C. 2009. Dual-core mass-balance approach for evaluating mercury and 210Pb atmospheric fallout and focusing to lakes. Environmental Science Technology 43:26-32.
- Sobota, D.J., Harrison, J.A. and Dahlgren, R.A. 2009. Influences of climate, hydrology, and land use on input and export of nitrogen in California watersheds. Biogeochemistry 94:43-62.
- Suchanek, T.H., Cooke, J., Keller, K., Jorgensen, S., Richerson, P.J., Eagles-Smith, C.A., Harner, E.J. and Adam, D.P. 2009. A mass balance mercury budget for a mine-dominated lake: Clear Lake, California. Water Air Soil Pollution 196:51-73, doi:10.1007/s11270-008-9757-1.
- Watras, C.J., Morrison, K.A., Rubsam, J.L. and Rodger, B. 2009. Atmospheric mercury cycles in northern Wisconsin. Atmospheric Environment 43:4070-4077.
- Wang, H. and Wang, J. 2009. Estimation of the trend function for spatio-temporal models. Journal of Nonparametric Statistics 21(5):567-588. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10485250902783608.
- Prestbo, E. and Gay, D. 2009. Wet deposition of mercury in the U.S. and Canada, 1996-2005: Results and analysis of the NADP mercury deposition network (MDN). Atmospheric Environment 43:4223-4233.
- Rapport, D.J., Gaudet, C., Karr, J.R., Baron, J.S., Bohlen, C., Jackson, W., Jones, B., Naiman, R.J., Norton, B. and Pollock, M.M. 2009. Evaluating landscape health: Intergrating societal goals and biophysical processes. Journal of Environmental Management. (In Press).
- Monson, B.A. 2009. Trend reversal of mercury concentrations in Piscivorous fish from Minnesota lakes: 1982-2006. Environmental Science and Technology 43:1750-1755.
- Nanus, L., Williams, M.W., Campbell, D.H., Tonnessen, K.A., Blett, T. and Clow, D.W. 2009. Assessment of lake sensitivity to acidic deposition in national parks of the Rocky Mountains. Ecological Applications 19(4):961-973.
- Weiss-Penzias, P., Gustin, M.S. and Lyman, S.N. 2009. Observations of speciated atmospheric mercury at three sites in Nevada: Evidence for a free tropospheric source of reactive gaseous mercury. Journal of Geophysical Research 114, D14302, doi:10.1029/2008JD011607.
- Werdin-Pfisterer, N.R., Kielland, K. and Boone, R.D. 2009. Soil amino acid composition across a boreal forest successional sequence. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 41:1210-1220.
- Wetherbee, G.A., Shaw, M.J., Latysh, N.E., Lehmann, C.M. and Rothert, J.E. 2009. Comparison of precipitation chemistry measurements obtained by the Canadian Air and Precipitation Monitoring Network and National Atmospheric Deposition Program for the period 1995-2004. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, doi:10.1007/s10661-009-0879-8.
- Wetherbee, G.A., Latysh, N.E., Greene, S.M. and Chesney, T. 2009. U.S. Geological Survey External Quality-Assurance Program Results Reported to the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/ National Trends Network and Mercury Deposition Network for 2005-06. NADP Quality Assurance Report 2009-01, Illinois State Water Survey Data/Case Study 2009-01, Champaign, IL.
- Witt, E.L., Kolka, R.K., Nater, E.A. and Wickman, T.R. 2009. Influence of the forest canopy on total and methyl mercury deposition in the Boreal Forest. Water Air Soil Pollution 199:3-11, doi:10.1007/s11270-008-9854-1.
- Woodruff, L.G., Cannon, W.F., Eber, D.D., Smith, D.B., Kilburn, J.E., Horton, J.D., Garrett, R.G. and Klassen, R.A. 2009. Continental-scale patterns in soil geochemistry and mineralogy: Results from two transects across the United States and Canada. Applied Geochemistry 24:1369-1381.
- Yadav, V. and Malanson, G.P. 2009. Modeling impacts of erosion and deposition on soil organic carbon in the Big Creek Basin of southern Illinois. Geomorphology 106:304-314.
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Progress 08/01/07 to 07/31/08
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Activities: During FY08, the NTN coordinated the actives at 253 NTN stations. Sites collect precipitation-only samples weekly in 48 states, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Canada (http://nadp.sws.uiuc.edu/sites/ntnmap.asp). The NTN provides the only long-term nationwide record of wet deposition in the United States. During FY08, this project coordinated and analyzed over 13,000 samples across the network and delivered these results to the NADP database (ongoing). Measured concentration and precipitation amounts, along with calculated deposition and quality assurance flags and ratings, can be retrieved online. The 7-site AIRMoN (http://nadp.sws.uiuc.edu/AIRMoN/) collects daily precipitation samples and supports research of atmospheric transport and removal of air pollutants, focusing on individual precipitation events. Event samples can be used for research and chemical "tracking" for source identification. During FY08, the AIRMoN coordinated and analyzed over 1,000 samples, which were delivered to the NADP database (ongoing). Additionally, the MDN has 112 sites (http://nadp.sws.uiuc.edu/mdn/), and offers the only regional measurements of mercury in North American precipitation. MDN data are used to quantify Hg deposition in areas where there are government fish or wildlife consumption advisories due to this toxic chemical. For FY08, this project coordinated and analyzed approximately 5,800 precipitation samples, with the data delivered to the NADP database (ongoing). In addition, further refinement of SOPs and QAPs were conducted, all overseen by the network QA officer (available online). Two business meetings focused on work within the three NADP Subcommittees, Quality Assurance Advisory Group, and Executive Committee. The Technical Committee made important changes to streamline governance by eliminating redundancies in the decision-making process (http://nadp.sws.uiuc.edu/meetings/). These basic activities fulfilled the project objectives: (1) coordination of three networks, (2) quality assurance to ensure consistency, and (3) chemical analytical, site support, and data validation services for the sites supported directly through this agreement. Dissemination: Information is disseminated primarily through scientific presentations at the NADP fall meeting and data are provided through the Web site. NADP data is available at no charge via the Internet, which enables online retrieval of individual data points, seasonal and annual averages, trend plots, concentration and deposition maps, reports, manuals, and other data and information (http://nadp.sws.uiuc.edu). In FY08, we instituted new Web service updates, which should allow us to provide more information to more people over the next few years. Events: Our annual scientific meeting "NADP 2008: 30 Years of Network Operations: Focusing on the Future" was held in Madison, Wisconsin over October 14-16, 2007. The meeting attracted more than 135 registered participants and featured 43 plenary and 29 poster presentations organized invited into seven topical areas over two days. Direct review of topics is available at our website. PARTICIPANTS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
NADP's principal outcomes and impacts on the broader scientific and educational communities are reflected in the perceived value of our data products. Value: In its 2005 (most recent) report to Congress, the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program cited the NADP as the "primary air quality and atmospheric deposition monitoring program providing scientists and policymakers with robust data on the fate, transport, and deposition of air pollutants and on trends in acidic deposition and air quality in the United States." Our data was also recognized in recent reports of the Binational Air Quality Committee of the U.S.-Canada Air Quality Agreement, U.S. EPA, and U.S. Forest Service. Stimulating Research: Many peer-reviewed scientific publications use or reference NADP, and include 91 previously unlisted 2007 journal articles and 124 journal articles and other publications from 2008 (attached). Our dataset and samples were used extensively in talks presented at our fall FY08 meeting. Three sessions were of particular interest to agriculture; future agricultural monitoring needs, ammonia measurements, and a session evaluating plant diseases spreading through the atmosphere. The entire proceedings booklet is available (http://nadp.sws.uiuc.edu/lib/proceedings/NADPpro2007.pdf). Our organization and data have fostered new ideas for further research: - NADP scientists initiated a low-cost atmospheric ammonia monitoring network with the intent of calculating ammonia dry deposition. Ammonia is causing great concern among agriculture and air pollution scientists. The network is currently operating (http://nadpweb.sws.uiuc.edu/nh3net/). - The NADP is collaborating with U.S. Department of Agriculture Cereal Disease Laboratory scientists to look for Soybean rust spores (SBR, Phakopsora pachyrhizi) in NADP FY08 samples (continuing since FY05). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods are used to specifically identify SBR, which was confirmed in 9% of NADP samples tested. - The USGS is developing a network for mercury deposition with litterfall at 12 MDN sites. Mercury mass transfer is being measured directly to waterbodies, agricultural and forested systems, etc., with leaves and litter fall. - A network is being developed to monitor atmospheric concentrations of mercury species and dry deposition rates. This, combined with MDN will provide total mercury deposition to a location. This network is currently operating (http://nadpweb.sws.uiuc.edu/amn/). Dissemination: Our web site continues to be the primary data dissemination tool. This site received ~ 1.65 million web page "hits," 90,000 unique visitors, and has about 37,900 registered users. Users retrieved 25,500 data files during 15,000 sessions, a continuing increase over FY07. Mercury data is approximately 15% of all downloads. About 33% of users are from federal and state agencies, 33% from universities, 20% from K to 12 schools, and the remainder from other organizations. These statistics demonstrate that NADP continues to be relevant to the scientific and educational communities.
Publications
- Enders, S.K., Pagani, M., Pantoja, S., Baron, J.S., Wolfe, A.P., Pedentchouk, N., and Nunez, L. 2008. Compound-specific stable isotopes of organic compounds from lake sediments track recent environmental changes in an alpine ecosystem, Rocky Mountain National Park (United States of America). Limnology and Oceanography 53(4):1468-1478.
- Flint, C.M., Harrison, R.B., Strahm, B.D., and Adams, A.B. 2008. Nitrogen leaching from douglas-fir forests after urea fertilization. Environ. Qual. 37:1781-1788, doi:10.2134/jeq2007.0367.
- Gardner, E.M., McKnight, D.M., Lewis, Jr., W.M., and Miller, M.P. 2008. Effects of nutrient enrichment on phytoplankton in an Alpine Lake, Colorado, U.S.A. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 40(1):55-64.
- Gauci, V., Dise, N.B., Howell, G., and Jenkins, M.E. 2008. Suppression of rice methane emission by sulfate deposition in simulated acid rain, J. Geophys. Res. 113, G00A07, doi:10.1029/2007JG000501.
- Chen, L., Kost, D., and Dick, W.A. 2008. Petroleum coke circulating fluidized bed combustion product as a sulfur source for alfalfa. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 39:1993-2008, DOI: 10.1080/00103620802134826.
- Choi, H.D., Sharac, T.J., and Holsen, T.M. 2008. Mercury deposition in the Adirondacks: A comparison between precipitation and throughfall. Atmospheric Environment 42:1818-1827.
- Costanzaa, J.K., Marcinkoa, S.E., Goewertb, A.E., and Mitchella, C.E. 2008. Potential geographic distribution of atmospheric nitrogen deposition from intensive livestock production in North Carolina, USA. Science of the Total Environment 389:76-86.
- Elliott, K.J., Vose, J.M., Knoepp, J.D., Johnson, D.W., Swank, W.T., and Jackson, W. 2008. Simulated effects of sulfur deposition on nutrient cycling in Class I wilderness areas. J. Environ. Qual. 37:1419-1431, doi:10.2134/jeq2007.0358.
- Hales, H.C., and Ross, D. 2008. Drastic short-term changes in the isotopic composition of soil nitrate in forest soil samples. SSSAJ 72(6):1645-1652.
- Harper, T.W., Brye, K.R., Daniel, T.C., Slaton, N.A., and Haggard, B.E. 2008. Land use effects on runoff and water quality on an Eastern Arkansas soil under simulated rainfall. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 32(2):231-253.
- Homyak, P.M., Yanai, R.D., Burns, D.A., Briggs, R.D., Germain, R.H., 2008. Nitrogen immobilization by wood chip application: Protecting water quality in a northern hardwood forest, Forest Ecology and Management 255: 2589-2601.
- Hudy, M., Thieling, T.M., Gillespie, N., and Smith, E.P. 2008. Distribution, status, and land use characteristics of subwatersheds within the native range of brook trout in the Eastern United States. North American J. Fisheries Management 28:1069-1085, DOI: 10.1577/M07-017.1. Hutcheson, M.S., Smith, C.M., Wallace, G.T., Rose, J., Eddy, B., Sullivan, J., Pancorbo, O., and West, C.R. 2008. Freshwater fish mercury concentrations in a regionally high mercury deposition area. Water Air Soil Pollut. 191:15-31, DOI 10.1007/s11270-007-9604-9.
- Hyfield, E.C.G., Day, J.W., Cable, J.E., and Justic, D. 2008. The impacts of re-introducing Mississippi River water on the hydrologic budget and nutrient inputs of a deltaic estuary. Ecological Engineering 32:347-359.
- Inamdar, S.P., and Mitchell, M.J. 2008. Sulfate exports from multiple catchments in a glaciated forested watershed in western New York, USA. Environ. Monit. Assess. 139:227-245.
- Kirby, C.S., McInerney, B., and Turner, M.D. 2008. Groundtruthing and potential for predicting acid deposition impacts in headwater streams using bedrock geology, GIS, angling, and stream chemistry. Science of the Total Environment 393:249-261.
- Gahl, M.K. 2007. Spatial and temporal patterns of amphibian disease in Acadia National Park wetlands. Ph.D Thesis, The University of Maine.
- Fisher, L.S., Mays, P.A., and Wylie, C.L. 2007. An overview of nitrogen critical loads for policy makers, stakeholders, and industries in the United States. Water, Air & Soil Pollution 179(1-4):3-18, DOI 10.1007/s11270-006-9235-6.
- Fryar, A.E., Thompson, K.E., Hendricks, S.P., and White, D.S. 2007. Groundwater flow and reservoir management in a tributary watershed along Kentucky Lake. J. Kentucky Academy of Science 68:11-23, DOI: 10.3101/1098-7096.
- Fulkerson, M., Nnadi, F.N., and Chasar, L.S. 2007. Characterizing dry deposition of mercury in urban runoff. Water Air Soil Pollut. 185:21-32, DOI 10.1007/s11270-007-9396-y.
- Gao, Y., Kennish, M.J., Manda, A., Guirk, M.C., and Lynn, F. 2007. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition to the New Jersey coastal waters and its implications. Ecological Applications 17(5) Supplement S31-S41.
- Goddard, M.A., Mikahailova, E.A., Post, C.J., and Schlautman, M.A. 2007. Atmospheric Mg2+ wet deposition within the continental United States and implications for soil inorganic carbon sequestration. Tellus B 59, 50-56, DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0889.2006.00242.x.
- Dennis, R., Haeuber, R., Blett, T., Cosby, J., Driscoll, C., Sickles, J., and Johnston, J. 2007. Sulfur and nitrogen deposition on ecosystems in the United States. EM December 2007:12-17. Driscoll, C.T., Driscoll, K.M., Roy, K.M., & Dukett, J. (2007). Changes in the chemistry of lakes in the Adirondack region of New York following declines in acidic deposition. Appl. Geochem. 22, 1181-1188.
- Driscoll, C.T., Evers, D., Lambert, K.F., Kamman, N., Holsen, T., Han, Y.J., Chen, C., Goodale, W., Butler, T., Clair, T., and Munson, R. 2007. Mercury matters: Linking mercury science with public policy in the Northeastern United States. Hubbard Brook Research Foundation. Science Links Publication 1(3).
- Geiser, L.H., and Neitlich, P.N. 2007. Air pollution and climate gradients in Western Oregon and Washington indicated by epiphytic macrolichens. Environmental Pollution 145:203-218.
- Griffis-Kyle, K.L. 2007. Sublethal effects of nitrite on eastern tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum) and wood frog (Rana sylvatica) embryos and larvae: implications for field populations. Aquat. Ecolology 41:119-127, DOI 10.1007/s10452-006-9047-1.
- Guentzel, J.L., Portilla, E., Keith, K.M., and Keith, E.O. 2007. Mercury transport and bioaccumulation in riverbank communities of the Alvarado Lagoon System, Veracruz State, Mexico. Science of the Total Environment 388:316-324.
- Hales, H.C., Ross, D.S., and Lini, A. 2007. Isotopic signature of nitrate in two contrasting watersheds of Brush Brook, Vermont, USA. Biogeochemistry 84(1):51-66.
- Hameedi, J., Paerl, H., Kennish, M., and Whitall, D. 2007. Nitrogen deposition in U.S. coastal bays and estuaries. EM December 2007:19-25.
- Harris, R., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Mason, R., Murray, M.W., Reash, R., and Saltman, T. 2007. Ecosystem responses to mercury contamination: Indicators of change. CRC Press, 2003, ISBN 0849388929, 9780849388927, 216 pages.
- Hartman, M.D., Baron, J.S., and Ojimaa, D.S. 2007. Application of a coupled ecosystem-chemical equilibrium model, DayCent-Chem, to stream and soil chemistry in a Rocky Mountain watershed. Ecological Modeling 200:493-510.
- He, T., Lu, J., Yang, F., and Feng, X. 2007. Horizontal and vertical variability of mercury species in pore water and sediments in small lakes in Ontario. Science of the Total Environment 386:53-64. Heartsill-Scalley, T., Scatena, F.N., Estrada, C., McDowell, W.H., and Lugo, A.E. 2007. Disturbance and long-term patterns of rainfall and throughfall nutrient fluxes in a subtropical wet forest in Puerto Rico. J. Hydrology 333:472-485.
- Hicks, B.B. 2007. On the assessment of atmospheric deposition of sulfur and nitrogen species to the surface of large inland lakes-Lake Champlain. J. Great Lakes Research 114-121.
- Hinkle, S.R., Bo"hlke, J.K., Duff, J.H., Morgan, D.S., and Weick, R.J. 2007. Aquifer-scale controls on the distribution of nitrate and ammonium in ground water near La Pine, Oregon, USA. J. Hydrology 333:486-503.
- Inamdar, S., 2007. Exports of dissolved ammonium (NH4+) during storm events across multiple catchments in a glaciated forested watershed. Environ. Monit. Assess. 133:347-363.
- Inamdar, S.P., and Mitchell, M.J. 2007. Contributions of riparian and hillslope waters to storm runoff across multiple catchments and storm events in a glaciated forested watershed. J. Hydrology 341:116-130.
- Johnson, M.S., Woodbury, P.B., Pell, A.N., and Lehmann, J. 2007. Land-use change and stream water fluxes: Decadal dynamics in watershed nitrate exports. Ecosystems 10:1182-1196, DOI: 10.1007/s10021-007-9091-2.
- Johnson, S.L., Neuer, S., and Garcia-Pichel, F. 2007. Export of nitrogenous compounds due to incomplete cycling within biological soil crusts of arid lands. Environmental Microbiology 9(3):680-689.
- Karouna-Renier, N.K., Snyder, R.A., Allison, J.G., Wagner, M.G., and Rao, K.R. 2007. Accumulation of organic and inorganic contaminants in shellfish collected in estuarine waters near Pensacola, Florida: Contamination profiles and risks to human consumers. Environmental Pollution 145:474-488.
- Knightes, C., Meaburn, M., and Araujo, R. 2007. Atmospheric deposition of mercury. EM December 2007:26-30.
- Kendall, C, Elliott EM, and Wankel, SD. 2007. Tracing Anthropogenic Inputs of Nitrogen to Ecosystems. In Stable Isotopes in Ecology and Environmental Science (2nd edition). Lajtha, K and Michener, RH (eds.) Blackwell Scientific Publications.
- Lawrence, G.B., Sutherland, J.W., Boylen, C.W., Nierzwicki-Bauer, S.A., Momen, B., Baldigo, B.P., and Simonin, H.A. 2007. Acid rain effects on aluminum mobilization clarified by inclusion of strong organic acids: Environmental Science and Technology 41:93-98.
- Lewis, G.P., and Likens, G.E. 2007. Changes in stream chemistry associated with insect defoliation in a Pennsylvania hemlock-hardwoods forest. Forest Ecology and Management 238:199-211.
- Marcarelli, A.M., and Wurtsbaugh, W.A. 2007. Effects of upstream lakes and nutrient limitation on periphytic biomass and nitrogen fixation in oligotrophic, subalpine streams. Freshwater Biology 52:2211-2225, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01851.x.
- Lindberg, S., Bullock, R., Ebinghaus, R., Engstrom, D., Feng, X., Fitzgerald, W., Pirrone, N., Prestbo, E., and Seigneur, C. 2007. A synthesis of progress and uncertainties in attributing the sources of mercury in deposition. Ambio. 36(1):19-32.
- Lindner, B.L., and Frysinger, J.R. 2007. Bulk atmospheric deposition in the Charleston Harbor watershed. J. Coastal Research 23(6):1452-1461.
- Lovett, G.M., Burns, D.A., Driscoll, C.T., Jenkins. J.C., Mitchell, M.J, Rustad, L., Shanley, J.B., Likens, G.E., Haeuber, R., 2007. Who needs environmental monitoring Frontiers of Ecology and the Environment 5: 253-260.
- Martins, N., Lopes, I., Harper, R.M., Ross, P., and Ribeiro, R. 2007. Differential resistance to copper and mine drainage in Daphnia Longispirna: Relationship with Allozyme Genotypes. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 26:1904-1909.
- McHale, M.R., Burns, D.A., Lawrence, G.B., and Murdoch, P.S. 2007. Factors controlling soil water and stream water aluminum concentrations after a clearcut in a forested watershed with calcium-poor soils. Biogeochemistry 84:311-331, DOI 10.1007/s10533-007-9124-0.
- Mast, M.A. 2007. Assessment of historical water-quality data for national park units in the Rocky Mountain Network, Colorado and Montana, through 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5147, 80 p.
- Mathur, R., Frick, W., Lear, G., and Dennis, R. 2007. Ecological forecasting: Microbial contamination and atmospheric loadings of nutrients to land and water. EM December 2007:36-40. McGee, G.G., Mitchell, M.J., Leopold, D.J., Raynal, D.J., and Mbila, M. 2007. Relationships among forest age, composition and elemental dynamics of Adirondack northern hardwood forests. J. Torrey Botanical Society: 253-268, DOI: 10.3159/1095-5674(2007)134[253:RAFACA]2.0.CO;2.
- McLauchlan, K.K., Craine, J.M., Oswald, W.W., Leavitt, P.R., and Likens, E.I. 2007. Changes in nitrogen cycling during the past century in a northern hardwood forest. P. National Academy of Sciences 104(18): 7466-7470 doi_10.1073_pnas.070177910.
- McNulty, S.G., Cohen, E.C., Moore Meyers, J.A., Sullivan, T.J., and Li, H. 2007. Estimates of critical acid loads and exceedances for forest soils across the conterminous United States. Environ. Poll. 149(3):281-292.
- Morris, S.J., Bohm, S., Haile-Mariam, S., and Paul, E.A. 2007. Evaluation of carbon accrual in afforested agricultural soils. Global Change Biology 13:1145-1156, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01359.
- Munthe, J., Bodaly, R.A., Branfireun, B.A., Driscoll, C.T., Gilmour, C.C., Harris, R., Horvat, M., Lucotte, M., and Malm, O. 2007. Recovery of mercury-contaminated fisheries. Ambio. 36(1):33-44.
- Musselman, R.C., and Korfmacher, R.C. 2007. Air quality at a snowmobile staging area and snow chemistry on and off trail in a Rocky Mountain subalpine forest, Snowy Range, Wyoming. Environ. Monit. Assess. 133:321-334 DOI 10.1007/s10661-006-9587-9.
- Neill, C., Patterson III, W.A., and Crary Jr, D.W. 2007. Responses of soil carbon, nitrogen and cations to the frequency and seasonality of prescribed burning in a Cape Cod oak-pine forest. Forest Ecology and Management 250:234-243.
- Nelson, S.J., Johnson, K.B., Kahl, J.S., Haines T.A., and Fernandez, I.J. 2007. Mass balances of mercury and nitrogen in burned and unburned forested watersheds at Acadia National Park, Maine, USA. Environ. Monit. Assess. 126:69-80, DOI 10.1007/s10661-006-9332-4.
- Nielsen, M.G., and Kahl, J.S. 2007. Nutrient export from watersheds on Mt. Desert Island, Maine, as a function of land use and fire history. Environ. Monit. Assess. 126:81-96, DOI 10.1007/s10661-006-9333-3.
- Monteith, D.T., and 12 others. (2007) Dissolved organic carbon trends resulting from changes in atmospheric deposition chemistry. Nature 450, 537-540.
- Nolan, B.T., Healy, R.W., Taber, P.E., Perkins, K., Hitt, K.J., and Wolock, D.M. 2007. Factors influencing ground-water recharge in the Eastern United States. J. Hydrology 332:187-205.
- Norton, S.A. 2007. Atmospheric metal pollutants-archives, methods, and history. Water Air Soil Pollut.: Focus (2007) 7:93-98, DOI 10.1007/s11267-006-9089-3.
- Paller, M.H., and Littrell, J.W. 2007. Long-term changes in mercury concentrations in fish from the Middle Savannah River. Science of the Total Environment 382:375-382. Peckenham, J.M., Kahl, J.S., Nelson, S.J., Johnson, K.B., and Haines, T.A. 2007. Landscape controls on mercury in streamwater at Acadia National Park, USA. Environ. Monit. Assess. 126:97-104, DOI 10.1007/s10661-006-9334-2.
- Percy, K.E., and Karnosky, D.F. 2007. Air quality in natural areas: Interface between the public, science and regulation. Environmental Pollution 149: 256-267.
- Pfeifer-Meister, L., and Bridgham, S.D. 2007. Seasonal and spatial controls over nutrient cycling in a pacific northwest prairie. Ecosystems 10:1250-1260, DOI: 10.1007/s10021-007-9093-0.
- Pocewicz, A., Morgan, P., and Kavanagh, K. 2007. The effects of adjacent land use on nitrogen dynamics at forest edges in Northern Idaho. Ecosystems 10:226-238, DOI: 10.1007/s10021-007-9015-1.
- Poor, C.J., and McDonnell, J.J. 2007. The effects of land use on stream nitrate dynamics. J. Hydrology 332:54-68.
- Porter, E., and Johnson, S. 2007. Translating science into policy: Using ecosystem thresholds to protect resources in Rocky Mountain National Park. Environmental Pollution 149:268-280.
- Pryor, S.C., Spaulding, A.M., and Rauwolf, H. 2007. Evolution of the concentration of inorganic ions during the initial stages of precipitation events. Water Air Soil Pollut. 180:3-10, DOI 10.1007/s11270-006-9245-4.
- Rhoades, C., Binkley, D., Oskarsson, H., and Stottlemyer, R. 2007. Soil nitrogen accretion along a floodplain terrace chronosequence in northwest Alaska: Influence of the nitrogen-fixing shrub Shepherdia canadensis. Ecoscience: 223-230.
- Risch, M.R., 2007, Mercury in precipitation in Indiana, January 2001-December 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5063, 76 p., http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5063/pdf/sir2007-5063_web.pdf
- Risch, M.R., Prestbo, E.M., and Hawkins, L. 2007. Measurement of atmospheric mercury species with manual sampling and analysis methods in a case study in Indiana. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 184:285-297.
- Rodrigues, R.R., Mello, W.Z., and Aleandre, P.A. 2007. Atmospheric deposition of ammonium, nitrate and sulfate on the montane dense ombrophilous forest in Serra dos Orgaos, RJ. Qu m. Nova. 30(8):1842-1848.
- Rohrs-Richey, J.K., and Mulder, C.P.H. 2007. Effects of local changes in active layer and soil climate on seasonal foliar nitrogen concentrations of three boreal forest shrubs. Canadian J. Forest Research 37(2):383-394.
- Seaver, G., and Kuzirian, A. 2007. Nitrate migration through groundwater, estuaries, and bays at climatic frequencies and scales. J. Coastal Research 23(4):1000-1009.
- Liu, I., Liu, S., Loveland, T.R., and Tieszen, L.L. 2008. Integrating remotely sensed land cover observations and a biogeochemical model for estimating forest ecosystem carbon dynamics. Ecological modeling, in press.
- Kost, D., Chen, L., and Dick, W.A. 2008. Predicting plant sulfur deficiency in soils: Results from Ohio. Biol. Fertil. Soils 44:1091-1098.
- Krupa, S., Booker, F., Bowersox, V., Lehmann, C., and Grantz, D. 2008. Trace gases associated with U.S. agriculture: A review. J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 58:986-993, DOI:10.3155/1047-3289.58.8.986.
- Lawrence, G.B., Roy, K.M., Baldigo, B.P., Simonin, H.A., Capone, S.B., Sutherland, J.W., Nierzwicki-Bauer, S.A., and Boylen, C.W. 2008. Effects of acid rain on the chemistry of western Adirondack streams in 2003-2005: Journal of Environmental Quality 37:1-11, doi: 10.2134/jeq2008.0061.
- Lohsea, K.A., Hope, D., Sponsellera, R., Allend, J.O., and Grimma, N.B. 2008. Atmospheric deposition of carbon and nutrients across an arid metropolitan area. Science of the Total Environment 402:95-105. May, D., and Sivakumar, M. 2008. Comparison of artificial neural network and regression models in the prediction of urban stormwater quality. Water Environment Research 80(1):4-9.
- Mast, M.A., and Clow, D.W. 2008. Effects of 2003 wildfires on stream chemistry in Glacier National Park, Montana. Hydrological Processes (to be published) (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/hyp.7121.
- McHale, M.R., Murdoch, P.S., Burns, D.A., Baldigo, B.P., 2008. Effects of forest harvesting on ecosystem health in the headwaters of the New York City water supply, Catskill Mountains, New York, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5057, 22 p.
- Nanus, L., Williams, M.W., Campbell, D.H., Elliott, E.M., Kendall, C.K. 2008. Evaluating regional patterns in nitrate sources to watersheds in national parks of the Rocky Mountains using nitrate isotopes. Environmental Science and Technology 42:6487-6493.
- Nazareth, C. 2008. Invasive species and panne ecosystems: The effects of atmospheric pollution, Master's Thesis, Indiana University.
- Nelson, S.J., Johnson, K.B., Weathers, K.C., Loftin, C.S., Fernandez, I.J., Kahl, J.S., and Krabbenhoft, D.P. 2008. A comparison of winter mercury accumulation at forested and no-canopy sites measured with different snow sampling techniques. Applied Geochemistry 23:384-398.
- Newman, B.D., and Graham, R.C. 2008. Species-level impacts on chaparral root zone hydrology (Special Section). Vadose Zone J. 7:1110-1118, DOI: 10.2136/vzj2007.0105.
- Oropeza, J. K. 2008. Controls on soil acidity in Loch Vale Watershed, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. M.S. Thesis, Colorado State University. 59 pp.
- Page, B.D., Bullen, T.D., and Mitchell, M.J. 2008. Influences of calcium availability and tree species on Ca isotope fractionation in soil and vegetation. Biogeochemistry 88:1-13, DOI 10.1007/s10533-008-9188-5.
- Paulson, A.J., and Norton, D. 2008. Mercury sedimentation in lakes in western Whatcom County, Washington, USA and its relation to local industrial and municipal atmospheric sources. Water Air Soil Pollution 189:5-19, DOI 10.1007/s11270-007-9549-z.
- Spruill, T.B., and Bratton, J.F. 2008. Estimation of groundwater and nutrient fluxes to the Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina. Estuaries and Coasts 31:501-520, DOI 10.1007/s12237-008-9040-0.
- Stamenkovica, J., Gustin, M.S., Arnone III, J.A., Johnson, D.W., Larsen, J.D., and Verburg, P.S.J. 2008. Atmospheric mercury exchange with a tallgrass prairie ecosystem housed in mesocosms. Science of the Total Environment 406:227-238.
- Ulberg, A.L. and Risch, M.R., 2008. Total mercury and methylmercury in Indiana streams, August 2004-September 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5176 (in press).
- van Verseveld, W.J., McDonnell, J.J., and Lajtha, K. 2008. A mechanistic assessment of nutrient flushing at the catchment scale. J. Hydrology 358: 268-287.
- Walker, C., and Lin, H.S. 2008. Soil property changes after four decades of wastewater irrigation: A landscape perspective. Catena 73:63-74.
- Watras, C. J., and Morrison, K.A. 2008. The response of two remote, temperate lakes to changes in atmospheric mercury deposition, sulfate, and the water cycle. Canadian J. Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences V65(1): 110-116.
- Stednick, J.D. 2008. Long-term water quality changes following timber harvesting. In hydrological and biological responses to forest practices. Ecological Studies V199, Springer, New York, ISSN 0070-8356, doi 10.1007/978-0-387-69036-0.
- Wetherbee, G.A., and Lehmann, C.M.B. 2008. Mercury deposition network site operator training for the system blank and blind audit programs: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1252, version 1.0., http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1252/.
- Woltemade, C.J., and Woodward, J. 2008. Nitrate removal in a restored spring-fed wetland, Pennsylvania, USA. J. American Water Resources Assoc. 44:222-234.
- Zhai, J., Driscoll, C.T., Sullivan, T.J., and Cosby, B.J. 2008. Regional application of the PnET-BGC model to assess historical acidification of Adirondack lakes. Water Resour. Res. 44, W01421, doi:10.1029/2006WR005532.
- Sullivan, T.J., Cosby, B.J., Webb, J.R., Dennis, R.L., Bulger, A.J., and Deviney Jr, F.A. 2008. Streamwater acid-base chemistry and critical loads of atmospheric sulfur deposition in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia. Environ. Monit. Assess. 137:85-99, DOI 10.1007/s10661-007-9731-1.
- Sunderland, E.M., Cohen, M.D., Selin, N.E., and Chmura, G.L. 2008. Reconciling models and measurements to assess trends in atmospheric mercury deposition Environmental Pollution (in press) 1-10, doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.01.021.
- Tkacz, B., Moody, B., Castillo, J.V., Fenn, M.E. 2008. Forest health conditions in North America. Environmental Pollution 155:409-425.
- U.S. Climate Change Science Program. 2008. Preliminary review of adaptation options for climate-sensitive ecosystems and resources. A Report by the U.S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research. [S.H. Julius, J.M. West (eds.), J.S. Baron, L.A. Joyce, B.D. Keller, M.A. Palmer, C.H. Peterson, and J.M. Scott (Authors)]. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA, 873 pp.
- rp, C.D., and Baker, M.A. 2007. Discontinuities in stream nutrient uptake below lakes in mountain drainage networks. Limnol. Oceanogr. 52(5):1978-1990.
- Azzolina, N.A., Siegel, D.I., Brower, J.C., Samson, S.D., Otz, M.H., and Otz, I. 2007. Can the HGM classification of small, non-peat forming wetlands distinguish wetlands from surface water geochemistry Wetlands 27(4):884-893.
- Baldigo, B.P., Lawrence, G., and Simonin, H. 2007. Persistent mortality of brook trout in episodically acidified streams of the Southwestern Adirondack Mountains, New York. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 136:121-134.
- Boggs J.L., McNulty, S.G., and Pardo, L.H. 2007. Changes in conifer and deciduous forest foliar and forest floor chemistry and basal area tree growth across a nitrogen (N) deposition gradient in the Northeastern US. Environmental Pollution 149:303-314.
- Bytnerowiczm, A., Omasa, K., and Paoletti, E. 2007. Integrated effects of air pollution and climate change on forests: A northern hemisphere perspective. Environmental Pollution 147:438-445.
- Caccia, V.G., and Boyer, J.N. 2007. A nutrient loading budget for Biscayne Bay, Florida. Marine Pollution Bulletin 54:994-1008.
- Castro, M.S., Eshleman, K.N., Pitelka, L.F., Frech, G., Ramsey, M., Currie, W.S., Kuers, K., Simmons, J.A., Pohlad, B.R., Thomas, C.L., and Johnson, D.M. 2007. Symptoms of nitrogen saturation in an aggrading forested watershed in Western Maryland. Biogeochemistry 84:333-348.
- Chalmers, A.T., Van Metre, P.C., and Callender, E. 2007. The chemical response of particle-associated contaminants in aquatic sediments to urbanization in New England, U.S.A. J. Contaminant Hydrology 91:4-25.
- Chen, L., Kost, D., and Dick, W.A. 2007. Flue gas desulfurization products as sulfur sources for corn. J. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 72:1464-1470, doi:10.2136/sssaj2007.0221.
- Cleavitt, N.L., Klima, K.L., and Fahey, T.J. 2007. The role of water availability in seasonal growth of Bazzania trilobata on boulders in an eastern hemlock stand. The Bryologist 110(2):295-308.
- Danz, N.P., Niemi, G.J., Regal, R.R., Hollenhorst, T., Johnson, L.B., Hanowski, J.M., Axler, R.P., Ciborowski, J.J.H., Hrabik, T., Brady, V.J., Kelly, J.R., Morrice, J.A., Brazner, J.C., Howe, R.W., Johnston, C.A., and Host, G.E. 2007. Integrated measures of anthropogenic stress in the U.S. Great Lakes Basin. Environ. Manage. 39:631-647, DOI 10.1007/s00267-005-0293-0.
- Evers, D.C., Han, Y., Driscoll, C.T., Kamman, N.C., Goodale, M.W., Lambert, K.F., Holsen, T.M., Chen, C.Y., Clair, T.A., and Butler, T. 2007. Biological hotspots in the Northeastern United States and Southeastern Canada. BioScience 57(1):29-43.
- Engstrom, D.R., Balogh, S.J., & Swain, E.B. (2007). History of mercury inputs to Minnesota lakes; influences of watershed disturbance and localized atmospheric deposition. Limnol. Oceanogr. 52, 2467-2483.
- Fenn, M.E., Geiser, L., Bachman, R., Blubaugh, T.J., and Bytnerowicz, A. 2007. Atmospheric deposition inputs and effects on lichen chemistry and indicator species in the Columbia River Gorge, USA. Environmental Pollution 146:77-91.
- Risch, M.R. and Fowler, K.K., 2008. Mercury in precipitation in Indiana, January 2004-December 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5148 (in press).
- Perez-Suarez, M., Fenn, M.E., Cetina-Alcala, V.M., and Aldrete, A. 2008. The effects of canopy cover on throughfall and soil chemistry in two forest sites in the Mexico City air basin. Atm sfera 21(1).
- Peterson, C., and Gustin, M. 2008. Mercury in the air, water and biota at the Great Salt Lake (Utah, USA). Science of the Total Environment 405:255-268.
- Pinder, R.W., Gilliland, A.B., and Dennis, R.L. 2008. Environmental impact of atmospheric NH3 emissions under present and future conditions in the Eastern United States, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L12808, doi:10.1029/2008GL033732.
- Rosfjord, C., Webster, K., Kahl, J.S., Norton, S.A., Fernandez, I., and Herlihy, A. 2007. Anthropogenically-driven changes in chloride complicate interpretation of base cation trends in lakes recovering from acidic deposition. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41:7688-7693.
- Scharenbroch, B.C., and Bockhein, J.G. 2008. The effects of gap disturbance on nitrogen cycling and retention in late-successional northern hardwood-hemlock forests. Biogeochemistry 87:231-245, DOI 10.1007/s10533-008-9180-0.
- Shanley, J.B., Mast, M.A., Campbell, D.H., Aiken, G.R., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Hunt, R.J., Walker, J.F., Schuster, P.F., Chalmers, A., Aulenbach, B.T., Peters, N.E., Marvin-DiPasquale, M., Clow, D.W., and Shafer, M.M. 2008. Comparison of total mercury and methylmercury cycling at five sites using the small watershed approach. Environmental Pollution 154:143-154.
- Smith, S.M., Hanley, M., and Killingbeck, K.T. 2008. Development of vegetation in dune slack wetlands of Cape Cod National Seashore (Massachusetts, USA). Plant Ecology 194:243-256, DOI 10.1007/s11258-007-9288-7.
- Sickles, J.E., and Shadwick, D.S. 2007. Effects of missing seasonal data on estimates of period means of dry and wet deposition. Atmospheric Environment 41:4931-4939.
- Stavros, H.W., Bossart, G.D., Hulsey, T.C., Fair, P.A. 2007. Trace element concentrations in skin of free-ranging bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the Southeast Atlantic Coast. Science of the Total Environment 388:300-315.
- Sullivan, T.J., Cosby, B.J., Herlihy, A.T., Driscoll, C.T., Fernandez, I.J., McDonnell, T.C., Boylen, C.W., Nierzwicki-Bauer, S.A., and Snyder, K.U. 2007. Assessment of the extent to which intensively-studied lakes are representative of the Adirondack region and response to future changes in acidic deposition. Water Air Soil Pollut. 185:279-291.
- Vogt, K.A., Vogt, D.J., Wargo, P.M., Tilley, J.P., Siccama, T.G., Kulmatiski, A., Sigurdardottir, R., and Ludwig, D. 2007. Nitrogen and calcium additions increase forest growth in Northeastern USA spruce-fir forests. Canadian J. Forest Research 37(9):1574-1585. Whalen, S.C., and DeBerardinis, J.T. 2007. Nitrogen mass balance in fields irrigated with liquid swine waste. Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst. 78:37-50, DOI 10.1007/s10705-006-9073-3.
- Whitall, D., Bricker, S., Ferreira, J., Nobre, A.M., Simas, T., and Silva, M. 2007. Assessment of eutrophication in estuaries: Pressure-state-response and nitrogen source apportionment. Environ. Manage. 40:678-690, DOI 10.1007/s00267-005-0344-6.
- Wiersma, G.B., Elvir, J.A., and Eckhoff, J.D. 2007. Forest vegetation monitoring and foliar chemistry of red spruce and red maple at Acadia National Park in Maine. Environ. Monit. Assess. 126:27-37, DOI 10.1007/s10661-006-9329-z.
- Yamashita, K., Ito, F., Kameda, K., Holloway, T., and Johnston, M.P. 2007. Cost-effectiveness analysis of reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides in Asia. Water Air Soil Pollut.: Focus 7:357-369, DOI 10.1007/s11267-006-9097-3.
- Baldigo, B.P., Lawrence, G.B., Bode, R.W., Simonin, H.A., Roy, K.M., and Smith, A.J. 2008. Impacts of acidification on macorinvertebrate communities in streams of the western Adirondack Mountains, New York, U.S.A.: Ecological Indicators, doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.04.004.
- Barco. J., Hogue, T.S., Curto, V., and Rademacher, L. 2008. Linking hydrology and stream geochemistry in urban fringe watersheds. J. Hydrology 360:31-47.
- Baron, J.S. 2008. Interactions between atmospheric nitrogen deposition and climate change in the Colorado Front Range. Talking points editorial for environmentalresearchweb.org. http://environmentalresearchweb.org/cws/article/opinion/33501.
- Baron, J.S., Allen, C.D., Fleishman, E., Gunderson, L., McKenzie, D.,Meyerson, L., Oropeza, J., and Stephenson, N. 2008. National parks. In: Preliminary review of adaptation options for climate-sensitive ecosystems and resources. A Report by the U.S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research [S.H. Julius, J.M. West (eds.), J.S. Baron, L.A. Joyce, B.D. Keller, M.A. Palmer, C.H. Peterson, and J.M. Scott (Authors)]. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA, pp. 4-1 to 4-68.
- Biswas, A., Blum, J.D., and Keeler, G.J. 2008. Mercury storage in surface soils in a central Washington forest and estimated release during the 2001 Rex Creek Fire. Science of the Total Environment 404:129-138.
- Burns, D.A., Murray, K.R., Bode, R.W., Passy, S., 2008. Biological and chemical responses to reduced levels of acid deposition in the Neversink River Basin, Catskill Mountains, New York, 1987-2003, Ecological Indicators 8: 191-203.
- Boonstra, R., Desantis, L., Krebs, C.J., and Hik, D.S. 2008. Climate and nutrient influences on the growth of white spruce trees in the boreal forests of the Yukon. Climate Research 36:123-130, doi: 10.3354/cr00736.
- Bosch, N.S., and Allan, J.D. 2008. The influence of impoundments on nutrient budgets in two catchments of Southeastern Michigan. Biogeochemistry 87:325-338.
- Boynton, W.R., Hagy, J.D., Cornwell, J.C., Kemp, W.M., Greene, S.M., Owens, M.S., Baker, J.E., and Larsen, R.K. 2008. Nutrient budgets and management actions in the Patuxent River Estuary, Maryland. Estuaries and Coasts 31:623-651, DOI 10.1007/s12237-008-9052-9. Burns, D.A., Riva-Murray, K., Bode, R.W., and Passy, S. 2008. Changes in stream chemistry and biology in response to reduced levels of acid deposition during 1987-2003 in the Neversink River Basin, Catskill Mountains. Ecological Indicators 8:191-203.
- Cain, M.L., Bowman, W.D., and Hacker, S.D. 2008. Ecology. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.
- Butler, T.J., Cohen, M.D., Vermelyn, F.M., Likens, G.E., Schmeltz, D., & Artz, R.S. (2008. Regional precipitation mercury trends in the eastern USA, 1998-2005: declines in the Northeast and Midwest, no trend in the Southeast. Atmos. Environ. 42, 1582-1592.
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Progress 01/01/07 to 12/31/07
Outputs
NRSP-3 sets a framework for cooperation among SAES, universities, govt agencies, and nongovt orgs that participate in and support the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP). Researchers use NADP data to investigate the impacts of atmos. deposition on the productivity of managed and natural ecosystems; on the chemistry of estuarine, surface and ground waters; and on biodiversity in forests, shrubs, grasslands, deserts, and alpine vegetation. These research activities address one of the Experiment Station Section's National Research Priorities: "environment, natural resources, and landscape stewardship." Researchers also use NADP mercury data to examine the role of atmospheric deposition in affecting the mercury in fish tissue, and better understand the link between environmental and dietary mercury and human health, which fits another Priority: "relationship of food to human health." And in a collaborative project with the ARS to track Asian Soybean Rust (ASR)
movement , samples from selected NADP sites are being tested for ASR, using nested real-time q-PCR to look for traces of DNA from ASR spores. This project addresses the Priority related to "risks facing rural people" and "application of new technologies" in support of "rural community vitality." The NADP Web site has registered users from more than 150 countries and in 2007 the number of registered users increased by 13.5%. A record 24,538 data downloads were recorded. Over the last decade, downloads have more than doubled, Web page hits increased nearly 6-fold to 1.4M/yr, and the number of concentration and deposition maps viewed rose 5-fold to 126,000 per year. In a recent report, "Acid Rain and Related Programs, 2006 Progress Report," the USEPA described the NADP networks as a "critical link in the chain of accountability" that scientists and policymakers use to determine whether emissions decreases required by the 1990 Clean Air Act have reduced acidic deposition and translated
into ecosystem recovery. The report used NADP data to show that from 1990 to 2005 sulfate had decreased by 21%-35% in four eastern regions. These decreases were consistent with SO2 emissions reductions at electric generating units targeted by the Act. Since 1990, these units also trimmed NOx emissions by more than 3M tons. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) deposition decreased as well, but by only 5% on average in the SE, 9% in the MW, 16% in the Mid-Atl, and 25% in the NE. NADP staff participated in the Univ of IL Ag Extension's Stewardship Week, designed to engage elementary school students in hands-on learning activities in the environmental sciences. Eighteen classes of students in grades 2 through 6 participated in a learning activity about water quality by measuring the pH of lake water, drinking water, and rain samples from NADP sites across the country. Boulder, CO, was the site of the 2007 annual meeting, 10-13 Sep. The meeting attracted a record 172 registered participants.
A pilot study with passive-sampler measurements of airborne NH3 was initiated in Nov at 19 sites. Results will be used to develop standard procedures, evaluate accuracy and sensitivity, and assess operational costs.
Impacts
NADP scientists report that ammonium increased at 90% of National Trends Network sites operating continuously from 1985 to 2004, and nearly 2/3 of the increases were statistically significant, ranging from 10% to 90%. Largest increases occurred between the Mississippi River and Pacific Coastal states, an area where average ammonium concentrations in precipitation now exceed sulfate. Over a 17-week period from 29 May to 25 September, 7% of the filters from NADP samples from 75 eastern-U.S. sites tested positive for ASR, some from areas where this fungal disease was later reported on soybean or kudzu. For example, late August rain samples from two Iowa sites tested positive, and between 28 September and 23 October, ASR was reported in 13 Iowa counties. Results from this project are being used to study spore deposition, evaluate spore transport and deposition models, and examine how spore deposition and disease outbreak are related.
Publications
- Vijayaraghavan, K., Seigneur, C., Karamchandani, P. and Chen, S. 2007. Development and application of a multi-pollutant model for atmospheric mercury deposition. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. 46:1341-1353.
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2007. Acid Rain and Related Programs, 2006 Progress Report (EPA-430-R-07-011). Office of Air and Radiation, Clean Air Markets Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 54 pp.
- Lehmann, C.M.B., Bowersox, V.C., Larson, R.S. and Larson, S.M. 2007. Monitoring long-term trends in sulfate and ammonium in U.S. precipitation: Results from the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/ National Trends Network. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution: Focus. 7:59-66.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2007. NADP 2007 - Wet and dry deposition measurements: Do we have the total picture?. Prepared by Douglas, K.E., and A. Newcomb. NADP Proceedings 2007-01, September 10-12, 2007, Boulder, Colorado. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 139 pp.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2007. National Atmospheric Deposition Program 2006 Annual Summary. NADP Data Report 2007-01. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 16 pp.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2007. 2008 NADP Calendar. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 32 pp.
- Dayan, U. and Lamb, D. 2007. Influences of atmospheric circulation on the variability of wet sulfate deposition. International Journal of Climatology. DOI: 19.1002/joc.1648.
- Driscoll, C.T., Han, Y., Chen, C.Y., Evers, D.C., Lambert, K.F., Holsen, T.M., Kamman, N.C. and Munson, R.K. 2007. Mercury contamination in forest and freshwater ecosystems in the Northeastern United States. BioScience. 57(1):17-28.
- Elliott, E.M., Kendall, C., Wankel, S.D., Burns, D.A., Boyer, E.W., Harlin, K., Bain, D.J. and Butler, T.J. 2007. Nitrogen isotopes as indicators of NOx source contributions to atmospheric nitrate deposition across the Midwestern and Northeastern United States. Environmental Science and Technology. 41: 7661-7667.
- Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. 2007. Minnesota Statewide Mercury Total Maximum Daily Load. Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, St. Paul, MN. 69 pp.
- Pardo, L.H. and Duarte, N. 2007. Assessment of effects of acidic deposition on forested ecosystems in Great Smoky Mountains National Park using critical loads for sulfur and nitrogen. USDA-Forest Service, S. Burlington, VT. 139 pp.
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Progress 01/01/06 to 12/31/06
Outputs
NRSP-3, the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) provides quality assured data and information on the exposure of managed and natural ecosystems and cultural resources to acids, nutrients, base cations, and mercury in precipitation. This is made possible through cooperative support (SAES, universities, government agencies-federal/state/local/tribal, and NGOs) for the 252-stn National Trends Network (NTN), 97-stn Mercury Deposition Network (MDN), and 7-stn Atmospheric Integrated Research Monitoring Network. NADP data are used by scientists, policy-makers, educators, and the public and are freely available via the Internet, which enables on-line retrieval of individual data points, seasonal and annual averages, trend plots, concentration and deposition maps, reports, and other information. In 2006, the number of registered Web site users rose to nearly 32,000. Data downloads numbered 23,664, an increase of 27% from 2005. The site received more than 1.4M hits,
and the number of NADP maps viewed rose by nearly 30%, topping 121,000. In the 2006 progress report on the U.S.-Canada Air Quality Agreement, NADP data were used to evaluate progress under the agreement's Acid Rain Annex. Since signing the agreement, the U.S. and Canadian governments have reduced acidic precipitation by requiring SO2 and NOx emissions reductions. Between 1991 and 2004, Canadian and U.S. SO2 emissions decreased by about 33%. At the same time NTN and AIRMoN data showed similar sulfate deposition reductions. The number of states receiving 20 kg/ha/yr or more of sulfate deposition dropped from 12 to 1. A 20% reduction of U.S. NOx emissions similarly was accompanied by halving the area receiving nitrate deposition of 15-20 kg/ha/yr. A recent analysis estimates that the benefits of these reductions greatly exceeded the costs of controls. The report states that without atmospheric deposition monitoring networks, it would be impossible to track and confirm the air quality
improvements that are taking place. 2006 highlights: 1. NADP partnered with the International Center for First-Year Undergraduate Chemistry Education to translate the NADP brochure ('Nitrogen in the Nation's Rain') into Spanish. 2. The Upper Midwest Aerospace Consortium at the Univ of ND produced a video that uses an NADP pH map to show the distribution of acid rain. This video appears in the public TV series 'Our Changing Planet,' which airs on 29 stations and is taped for delayed broadcast on 14 others. 3. NADP staff participated in the Univ. of IL Extension Service program, Environmental Stewardship Days. Approx. 250 grades 4-6 students participated in a hands-on activity in which they measured the pH of lake water, drinking water, and rain samples from NADP sites across the country. Norfolk, VA, 24-26 Oct, was the site of the 2006 scientific symposium and annual meeting, which attracted 132 participants. The symposium featured 32 talks and 35 poster papers. The highlight was a
session that addressed the importance of NADP data in quantifying the atmospheric nutrient input to coastal ecosystems. Atmospheric deposition accounts for as much as 20%-40% of the nitrogen entering some eastern estuaries.
Impacts
Testing NADP rain samples for Asian Soybean Rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) has proven to be a cost-effective way to track the movement of this disease. From May to September 2006, traces of DNA from the urediniospores of Asian Soybean Rust were detected and confirmed in 185 rain samples from 97 NADP sites in 27 eastern states. These data coupled with rust reports from the field will help us better understand the seasonal development and secular evolution of this disease, which has gained foothold in the United States.
Publications
- Krupa, S., Bowersox, V., Claybrooke, R., Barnes, C.W., Szabo, L., Harlin, K. and Kurle, J. 2006. Introduction of soybean rust spores into the midwestern United States - A case study. Plant Disease. 90(9):1254-1259.
- Lehmann, C.M.B. 2006. Atmospheric deposition to assess trends in atmospheric species. Ph.D. thesis. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL. 404 pp.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2006. El Nitrogeno en la Lluvia Nacional. NADP Brochure 2000-01d. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 13 pp.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2006. NADP 2006 - Effects of Deposition in Coastal and Urban Environments. (prepared by Douglas, K.E., Tester, J. and Samson, N.) NADP Proceedings 2006-01, October 24-26, 2006, Norfolk, Virginia. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 136 pp.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2006. National Atmospheric Deposition Program 2005 Annual Summary. NADP Data Report 2006-01. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 16 pp.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2006. Quality Assurance Plan, Central Analytical Laboratory, 2006. (prepared by Rothert, J. and Harlin, K.) NADP QA Plan 2006-01, NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 78 pp.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2006. Welcome to NADP. NADP Brochure 2006-01, NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 6 pp.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2006. 2007 NADP CALendar. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 32 pp.
- Air Quality Committee. 2006. United States - Canada Air Quality Agreement, Progress Report 2006. International Joint Commission, Washington, D.C. pp. 1-6, 65-66.
- Baron, J.S. 2006. Hindcasting nitrogen deposition to determine an ecological critical load. Ecological Applications. 16:433-439.
- Burns, D.A., McHale, M.R., Driscoll, C.T. and Roy, K.M. 2006. Response of surface water chemistry to reduced levels of acid precipitation: Comparison of trends in two regions of New York. Hydrological Processes. 20:1611-1627.
- Davis, J.M. and Swall, J.L. 2006. An examination of the CMAQ simulations of the wet deposition of ammonium from a bayesian perspective. Atmospheric Environment. 40:4562-4573.
- Hammerschmidt, C.R. and Fitzgerald, W.F. 2006. Methylmercury in freshwater fish linked to atmospheric mercury deposition. Environmental Science and Technology. 40:7764-7779.
- Sullivan, T.J., Fernandez, I.J., Herlihy, A.T., Driscoll, C.T., McDonnell, T.C., Nowicki, N.A., Snyder, K.U. and Sutherland, J.W. 2006. Acid-base characteristics of soils in the adirondack mountains, New York. Soil Science Society of America. 70:141-152.
- Volk, J.A., Savidge, K.B., Scudlark, J.R., Andres, A.S. and Ullman, W.J. 2006. Nitrogen loads through baseflow, stormflow, and underflow to Rehoboth Bay, Delaware. Journal of Environmental Quality. 35:1742-1755.
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2006. Acid Rain Program, 2005 Progress Report (EPA-430-R-06-015). Office of Air and Radiation, Clean Air Markets Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 29 pp.
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Progress 01/01/05 to 12/31/05
Outputs
NRSP-3, the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) provides quality-assured data and information on the exposure of managed and natural ecosystems and cultural resources to acidic compounds, nutrients, base cations, and mercury in precipitation. This is made possible through cooperative support (SAES, universities, government agencies-federal/state/local/tribal, and NGO's) for the 256-station National Trends Network (NTN), 91-station Mercury Deposition Network (MDN), and 8-station Atmospheric Integrated Research Monitoring Network. NADP data are used by scientists, policy-makers, educators, and the public and are freely available via the Internet, which enables on-line retrieval of individual data points, seasonal and annual averages, trend plots, concentration and deposition maps, reports, and other information. In 2005, the NADP Web site received 89,449 unique visitors, up 19 percent from 2004. Users retrieved 17,395 data files, an overall increase of more
than 27 percent and for MDN data more than 300 percent. NADP data are a resource for examining the effects of emissions changes on air quality and deposition. A statistical analysis of 18-year (1985-2002) trends of NTN ammonium concentrations showed increases at 89 percent of sites. Except for the northwestern Pacific and southern Gulf coasts and the mid-Atlantic states, ammonium increased across the contiguous U.S. Over much of this area, ammonium increases exceeded 25 percent. Although agricultural operations account for more than 80 percent of U.S. atmospheric ammonia emissions, there is no evidence for agricultural emissions to have increased by 25 percent or more over such a vast area. Instead, NTN data suggest that changes in the chemical relationships of sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium have played an important role in the ammonium increases. In 2005, NADP chemists continued to collaborate with the American Chemical Society in using acid rain as an issue that can engage students
in real-world learning experiences. This effort focused on measuring rain pH in 4th to 8th grade science classes. The NADP assembled packets that included a brochure describing rain chemistry and NADP measurements, pH-measurement strips, a plastic raingage, and other materials. More than 1,000 packets were distributed at 14 separate events involving elementary and middle school science teachers. Jackson, WY, was the site of the 2005 scientific symposium and annual NRSP-3 Technical Committee (TC) meeting, 27-30 Sep. The symposium and meeting attracted 116 participants. The symposium, entitled Science Supporting Resource Management, featured 38 presentations and 41 poster papers. The highlight was a session and panel discussion on uses of atmospheric deposition data to evaluate chemical loads in sensitive ecosystems, particularly high-elevation forests, National Parks, and refuges. The symposium followed more than a day of NADP committee and subcommittee meetings, during which the TC
approved two new electronic precipitation gages as replacements for the mechanical recording gage in use since 1978.
Impacts
During the 2005 growing season (May-November), DNA from soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrizi) spores was detected in 83 NADP samples from 23 eastern U.S. states and the Virgin Islands, demonstrating that NADP samples can be used to identify rain events where spores were deposited, possibly leading to soybean rust infection.
Publications
- Porter, E., Blett, T., Potter, D.U. and Huber, C. 2005. Protecting resources on federal lands: Implications of critical loads for atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulfur. BioScience. 55: 603-612.
- Stensland, G.J. and Williams, A.L. 2005. Atmospheric deposition of deicing salt applied to highways in the southwest Chicago area (paper #1350). In: Proceedings, 98th Annual Conference and Exhibition, Air and Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, PA. 25 pp.
- United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. 2005. A coordinated framework for soybean rust surveillance, reporting, prediction, management and outreach. See http://www.aphis.usda.gov/ppq/ep/soybean_rust/coordfram041405.pdf. 42 pp.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2005. 2006 NADP Calendar. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 32 pp.
- Chalmers, A., Nilles, M.A., Krabbenhoft, D.P. and Prestbo, E. 2005. Analysis of mercury wet-deposition data collected with a newly designed sampler. Boston, Massachusetts Metropolitan Area, 2002-04 (Open-File Report 2005-1368). U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA. 24 pp.
- Environment Canada. 2005. 2004 Canadian Acid Deposition Science Assessment - Summary of Key Results. Environment Canada, Downsview, Ontario, Canada. 32 pp.
- Galloway, J.N., Dentener, F.J., Capone, D.G., Boyer, E.W., Howarth, R.W., Seitzinger, S.P., Asner, G.P., Cleveland, C.C., Green, P.A., Holland, E.A., Karl, D.M., Michaels, A.F., Porter, J.H., Townsend, A.R. and Vorosmarty, C.J. 2005. Nitrogen cycles: Past, present and future. Biogeochemistry. 70: 153-226.
- Mason, R.P., Abbott, M.L., Bodaly, R.A., Bullock, Jr., O.R., Driscoll, C.T., Evers, D., Lindberg, S.E., Murray, M. and Swain, E.B. 2005. monitoring the response to changing mercury deposition. Environmental Science and Technology. January 1, 2005: 15A-22A.
- Pearson Education, Inc. 2005. Acid Precipitation. In: Essential Environment, the Science Behind the Stories (Brennan, S. and Withgott, J.). Pearson Education, Inc., New York, NY. pp. 200-203.
- Lehmann, C.M.B., Bowersox, V.C. and Larson, S.M. 2005. Spatial and temporal trends of precipitation chemistry in the United States, 1985-2002. Environmental Pollution, 135:347-361.
- Lehmann, C.M.B., Bowersox, V.C. and Larson, S.M. 2005. Trends in sulfur and nitrogen species at collocated NTN-CASTNet sites (paper #1301). In: Proceedings, 98th Annual Conference and Exhibition, Air and Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, PA. 9 pp.
- Lehmann, C.M.B. and Wetherbee, G.A. 2005. Developing data-quality objectives for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (paper #1304). In: Proceedings, 98th Annual Conference and Exhibition, Air and Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, PA. 18 pp.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2005. Monitoring mercury deposition, a key tool to understanding the link between emissions and effects. NADP Brochure 2005-01. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 4 pp.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2005. NADP 2005 - Science supporting resource management. (prepared by Douglas, K.E. and Bedient, P.S.). NADP Proceedings 2005-01, September 27-30, 2005, Jackson, Wyoming. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 152 pp.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2005. National Atmospheric Deposition Program 2004 Annual Summary. NADP Data Report 2005-01. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 16 pp.
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Progress 01/01/04 to 12/31/04
Outputs
NRSP-3, the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) provides quality assured data and information on the exposure of managed and natural ecosystems and cultural resources to acidic compounds, nutrients, base cations, and mercury in precipitation. This is made possible through cooperative support (SAES, universities, government agencies-federal/state/local/tribal, and NGOs) for the 261-station National Trends Network, 87-station Mercury Deposition Network, and 8-station Atmospheric Integrated Research Monitoring Network. The NADP provides the only database of precipitation chemistry measurements from across the U.S., and these data support informed decisions on air quality issues related to precipitation chemistry. NADP data are used by scientists, policy-makers, educators, and the public and are freely available via the NADP Web site, which enables on-line retrieval of individual data points, seasonal and annual averages, trend plots, concentration and
deposition maps, reports, and other information. In 2004, the NADP Web site received 75,477 unique visitors, up 40 percent from 2003. Registered data users more than doubled in the last 12 months and user sessions rose by nearly 90 percent. Using the more than two decades of NADP data on the chemicals in precipitation, USDA Forest Service scientists examined the bio-geochemical processes that affect uptake, retention, and cycling of nutrients in our forests. A 2004 report states that base cation (calcium, magnesium, potassium) depletion in soils of the northeastern and southeastern U.S. is due in part to long-term exposure to acidic deposition. Certain temperate forest soils are so depleted that trees draw more nutrients from atmospheric deposition than from bedrock, the historic source. Calcium losses from red spruce needles as a result of acidic deposition make trees more susceptible to disease, frost, and drought. In an important new educational effort, NADP staff members partnered
with the American Chemical Society (ACS) to develop an activity for the April 2004 ACS earth day program. Students were instructed to build a simple rain collector, measure rainwater pH, then go to the NADP Web site, where they could compare their measurements with the nearest NADP sites and print a certificate of completion. Participation in 2004 ACS earth day activities tripled in comparison with 2003, prompting the ACS to award a Salute to Excellence plaque to the NADP for commitment to education. Halifax, Nova Scotia, was the site of the 2004 scientific symposium and NRSP-3 Technical Committee meeting, 21-24 September. With partial support from Environment Canada, the symposium and meeting attracted 114 participants and featured 37 presentations and 29 poster papers. The theme of the symposium was the recovery of U.S. and Canadian aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems from sulfur emissions reductions and decreased sulfate deposition. The symposium followed more than a day of NADP
committee and subcommittee meetings. During its annual meeting, the Technical Committee let stand a decision to terminate support of field chemistry measurements at NTN sites as of 31 December 2004.
Impacts
The NADP National Trends Network was the chief source of sulfate and nitrate deposition data used in the International Joint Commission 2004 report, assessing progress under the Acid Rain Annex of the 1991 United States-Canada Air Quality Agreement to limit or reduce emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides.
Publications
- Latysh, N. and Gordon, J. 2004. Investigation of differences between field and laboratory pH measurements of National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network Precipitation Samples. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution. 154: 249-270.
- Norton, S.A., Fernandez, I.J., Kahl, J.S. and Reinhardt, R.L. 2004. Acidification trends and the evolution of neutralization through time at the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine (BBWM), U.S.A. Water, Air and Soil Pollution: Focus. 4: 289-310.
- South Florida Water Management District. 2004. Mercury monitoring, research and environmental assessment. In: 2004 Everglades Consolidated Report. South Florida Water Management District, West Palm Beach, FL. Chapter 2B and Appendix 2B-5.
- Stevens, C.J., Dise, N.B., Mountford, J.O. and Gowing, D.J. 2004. Impact of nitrogen deposition on the species richness of grasslands. Science. 303: 1876-1879.
- Lehmann, C.M.B. 2004. Atmospheric quality. In: Climate Atlas of Illinois (S.A. Changnon, J.R. Angel, K.K. Kunkel and C.M.B. Lehmann, authors). Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, IL. pp. 153-178.
- Lehmann, C.M.B., Bowersox, V.C. and Larson, S.M. 2004. Spatial and temporal trends of precipitation chemistry in the United States, 1985-2002 (paper #546). In: Proceedings, 97th Annual Conference and Exhibition, Air and Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, PA. 18 pp.
- Lehmann, C.M.B., Latysh, N. and Furiness, C. 2004. Discontinuation of support for field chemistry measurements in the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP/NTN). NADP Data Report 2004-02. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 12 pp.
- Douglas, K.E. and Bedient, P.S. 2004. NADP 2004 - Technical committee meeting and scientific symposium. NADP Proceedings 2004-01, September 21-24, 2004, Halifax, Nova Scotia. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 143 pp.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2004. National Atmospheric Deposition Program 2003 annual summary. NADP Data Report 2004-01. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 16 pp.
- National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 2004 - 2005 NADP calendar. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 32 pp.
- Burns, D.A. 2004. The effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and southern Wyoming, USA - A critical review. Environmental Pollution. 127: 257-269.
- Campbell, J.L. 2004. Input-output budgets of inorganic nitrogen for 24 forested watersheds in the northeastern United States: A review. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution. 151: 373-396.
- Cohen, M. 2004. Modeling the atmospheric transport and deposition of mercury to the Great Lakes. Environmental Research. 95(3): 247-265
- International Joint Commission. 2004. United States-Canada Air Quality Agreement progress report 2004. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, Washington, DC. 44 pp.
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Progress 10/01/02 to 09/30/03
Outputs
NRSP-3, the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) provides quality assured data and information on the exposure of managed and natural ecosystems and cultural resources to acidic compounds, nutrients, base cations, and mercury in precipitation. This is made possible through cooperative support (SAES, universities, government agencies-federal/state/local/tribal, and NGOs) for the 252-station National Trends Network, 78-station Mercury Deposition Network, and 9-station Atmospheric Integrated Research Monitoring Network. The NADP provides the only database of precipitation chemistry measurements from across the United States, and these data support informed decisions on air quality issues related to precipitation chemistry. NADP data are used by scientists, policy-makers, educators, and the public and are freely available via the Internet (nadp.sws.uiuc.edu), which enables on-line retrieval of individual data points, seasonal and annual averages, trend plots,
concentration and deposition maps, reports, and other information. In FY 2003, the NADP Internet site received 68,075 unique visitors (up 46 percent) and user sessions rose by nearly 64 percent. This site now regularly receives more than 1.5 million hits per year. About 40 percent of NADP Internet usage is for educational purposes, and the balance is for research. In a recent report, the U.S. EPA described NADP as providing one of two key data sets used to assess the effectiveness of the 1990 Clean Air Act (CAA). In particular, the U.S. EPA used NADP sulfate and nitrogen (nitrate plus ammonium) maps to describe current deposition rates and compared 2000 and 1990 average sulfate deposition to demonstrate that sulfate has decreased nearly 30 percent, which is consistent with CAA-related sulfur dioxide emissions reductions. New legislation under consideration would expand the CAA emissions cap-and-trade program to nitrogen oxide and mercury emissions. Proponents of this legislation cite
the cost-effectiveness of the current cap-and-trade program and its demonstrated success in reducing acid deposition, as monitored by the NADP. The NADP Program Office participated in the University of Illinois Ag Extension Service program Environmental Stewardship Week, designed to engage elementary school students in hands-on learning activities in the environmental sciences. Staff members led a learning activity that focused on air pollution, acid rain, and water quality. Students measured the pH of selected household chemicals, water from a central IL lake, and NADP rain samples. Approximately 100 5th and 6th grade students participated in the activity. The NRSP-3 Technical Committee held its annual meeting in Washington, D.C., followed by an ammonia workshop jointly sponsored with the Chesapeake Bay Program. At this meeting, NADP celebrated its 25th anniversary and attracted 163 registrants. A one-and-a-half day symposium addressing how long-term monitoring supports science and
informs policy followed regular meetings of NADP committees and subcommittees. The ammonia workshop offered a forum for presenting the latest information on ammonia measurements, modeling, and policy-relevant topics.
Impacts
Measurements of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation samples from 80 National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) sites have been provided to the World Meteorological Organization database of Global Network for Isotopes in Precipitation, which scientists from around the world use to study surface and groundwater hydrology, plant-water interactions, and climate and paleoclimate processes.
Publications
- Lehmann, C.M.B. and Bowersox, V.C. 2003. National Atmospheric Deposition Program quality management plan. NADP QA Plan 2003-01. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 104 pp.
- NADP. 2003. NADP 2003 - Long-term monitoring: Supporting science and informing policy and ammonia workshop. (prepared by Douglas, K.E. and P.S. Bedient) NADP Proceedings 2003-01, October 20-24, 2003, Washington, D.C. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 176 pp.
- NADP. 2003. National Atmospheric Deposition Program 2002 annual summary. NADP Data Report 2003-01. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 16 pp.
- NADP. 2003. 2004 calendar. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 30 pp.
- Bowersox, V.C. 2003. Sources and receptors. IN: Acid Rain: Are the Problems Solved? American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD. pp. 47-57.
- Driscoll, C.T. 2003. Nitrogen pollution: From the sources to the sea. Hubbard Brook Research Foundation. Science Links Publication. Vol. 1, no. 2.
- Dayan, U. and Lamb, D. 2003. Meteorological indicators of summer precipitation chemistry in central Pennsylvania. Atmospheric Environment. 37:1045-1055.
- Fenn, M.E., Baron, J.S., Allen, E.B., Rueth, H.M., Nydick, K.R., Geiser, L., Bowman, W.D., Sickman, J.O., Meixner, T., Johnson, D.W. and Neitlich, P. 2003. Ecological effects of nitrogen deposition in the Western United States. BioScience. 53:404-420.
- Galloway, J.N., Aber, J.D., Erisman, J.W., Seitzinger, S.P., Howarth, R.W., Cowling, E.B. and Cosby, J. 2003. The nitrogen cascade. BioScience. 53(4):341-356.
- Gordon, J.D., Latysh, N.E. and Lindholm, S.J. 2003. External quality-assurance results for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program /National Trends Network, 1997-99 (Water Resources Investigation Report 03-4027). U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO. 81 pp.
- Seigneur, C., Karamchandani, P., Vijayaraghavan, K., Lohman, K., Shia, R. and Levin, L. 2003. On the effect of spatial resolution on atmospheric mercury modeling. The Science of the Total Environment. 304:73-81.
- Tennessee Valley Authority. 2003. How clean is the air? TVA, Knoxville, TN. 29 pp.
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003. Response of surface water chemistry to the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (EPA 620/R-03/001). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 91 pp.
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Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02
Outputs
NRSP-3, the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) provides quality assured data and information on the exposure of managed and natural ecosystems and cultural resources to acidic compounds, nutrients, base cations, and mercury in precipitation. This is made possible through cooperative support (SAES, universities, government agencies-federal/state/local/tribal, and NGOs) of the 250-station National Trends Network, 70-station Mercury Deposition Network, and 10-station Atmospheric Integrated Research Monitoring Network. The NADP provides the only nationwide database of precipitation chemistry in the United States today, and these data support informed decisions on air quality issues related to precipitation chemistry. NADP data are used by scientists, policy-makers, educators, and the public and are freely available via the Internet (nadp.sws.uiuc.edu). In 2002 the NADP Internet site received 46,561 unique visitors, an increase of 8.6 percent over 2001, and
user sessions rose by nearly 23 percent to 134,287. This site now regularly receives more than a million hits per year or more than 4.5 times as many as in 1998, when site usage was first tracked. The number of data files downloaded from the NADP Internet site now exceeds 20,000 per year, or 1.8 times higher than in 1998. In 2002 users viewed 95,425 color-contour concentration and deposition maps, an increase of 8 percent over 2001. A feature article on environmental monitoring and national security described how NADP could assist in a national surveillance system for biological, chemical, or radiological agents spread by terrorists. NADP has previous experience in tracking disasters. In 1986, NADP provided samples that could be used to map the spread of radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl nuclear accident. NADP has more than 300 monitoring stations, an efficient communications network, and a management infrastructure that stand ready to help in the nation's homeland security
efforts. In 2002, the NADP Program Office contributed to the University of Illinois Extension Service's program, Environmental Stewardship Week. This event engages elementary school students in active learning centers where they participate in hands-on learning experiences on environmental science topics. NADP staff members ran a learning center that dealt with the pH of household chemicals compared with water from a nearby lake and an acid rain sample from the NADP network. This annual event attracted about 1200 children. In September 2002, 82 registrants attended the NADP Technical Committee meeting in Seattle, WA. A two-day scientific symposium followed NADP committee and subcommittee meetings. Fifty papers were presented at the symposium, which covered a range of topics, including mercury in air and precipitation, stable isotope measurements, changes in clean air legislation, trends, and Western Regional atmospheric deposition issues. A special issue of the journal Atmospheric
Environment featured nine papers presented at the 2000 NADP meeting in Saratoga Springs, NY.
Impacts
In 2002, NADP data were used to demonstrate how sulfur dioxide emissions reductions under the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments have reduced sulfate in precipitation and how long-term high-quality measurements, such as NADP data, could be used to gage the effects of new sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and mercury emissions reductions, which have been proposed under the Clear Skies Act sent to Congress by the U.S. President.
Publications
- Paerl, H.W. 2002. Connecting atmospheric nitrogen deposition to coastal eutrophication. Environmental Science & Technology. August 1, 2002:323A- 326A.
- Rodhe, H. Dentener, F. and Schulz, M. 2002. The global distribution of acidifying wet deposition. Environmental Science & Technology. 36:4382-4388.
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2002. State of the Waters 2002, Region 5 (EPA 905-R-02-007). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, Chicago, IL. 42 pp.
- NADP. 2002. NADP 2002 - NADP Scientific Symposium and Technical Committee Meeting Proceedings. (prepared by Douglas, K.E. and Bedient, P.S.) NADP Proceedings 2002-01, September 10-13, 2002, Seattle, WA. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 119 pp.
- NADP. 2002. National Atmospheric Deposition Program 2001 Annual Summary. Data Report 2002-01. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 16 pp.
- NADP. 2002. Quality Assurance Plan, Central Analytical Laboratory, 2002. (prepared by Rothert, J., Harlin, K. and Douglas, K.) NADP CAL QA Plan 2002-01, NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 89 pp.
- NADP. 2002. Quality Assurance Report, National Atmospheric Deposition Program, 2000, Laboratory Operations, Central Analytical Laboratory. (prepared by J.E. Rothert) NADP QA Report 2002-01, NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 144 pp.
- NADP. 2003. 2003 Calendar. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 30 pp.
- Bullock, O.R., Jr. and Brehme, K.A. 2002. Atmospheric mercury simulation using the CMAQ model: formulation description and analysis of wet deposition results. Atmospheric Environment. 36:2135-2146.
- Campbell, D.H., Kendall, C., Chang, C.Y., Silva, S.R. and Tonnessen, K.A. 2002. Pathways for nitrate release from an alpine watershed: Determination using delta 15-N and delta 18-O. Water Resources Research. 38(5): 10.1029/2001WR000294.
- Gilliland, A.B., Butler, T.J. and Likens, G.E. 2002. Monthly and annual bias in weekly (NADP/NTN) versus daily (AIRMoN) precipitation chemistry data in the eastern USA. Atmospheric Environment. 36:5197-5206.
- Grant, R.H. and Scheeringa, K.L. 2002. Estimating climate effects on the atmospheric contribution to the potential available inorganic nitrogen in eastern United States soils. Atmospheric Environment. 36:1611-1618.
- Hames, R.S., Rosenberg, K.V., Lowe, J.D., Barker, S.E.and Dhondt, A.A. 2002. Adverse effects of acid rain on the distribution of the wood thrush Hylocichla mustelina in North America. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99(17): 11235-11240.
- Lambert, K.F. and Bowersox, V.C. 2002. Environmental monitoring and national security: Is there a connection? EM. August 2002: 17-22.
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Progress 01/01/01 to 12/31/01
Outputs
NRSP-3, the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) provides quality-assured data and information on the exposure of managed and natural ecosystems and cultural resources to acidic compounds, nutrients, base cations, and mercury in precipitation. These data support research and informed decisions on air quality issues related to precipitation chemistry and are used by scientists, policy-makers, educators, and the public. The NRSP-3 provides a cooperative framework (SAES, universities, government agencies-federal/state/local/tribal, non-governmental organizations) that supports 3 precipitation chemistry networks: the National Trends Network (NTN), the Atmospheric Integrated Research Monitoring Network (AIRMoN), and the Mercury Deposition Network (MDN). On 12/31/01, there were 232 NTN stations collecting 1-week precipitation samples in 48 states, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Quebec Province, Canada. The NTN provides the only long-term nationwide record of
wet deposition chemistry in the USA. Complementing the NTN was the 10-site AIRMoN and 63-site MDN. Data from daily precipitation samples collected at AIRMoN sites support continued research of atmospheric transport and removal of air pollutants and development of computer simulations of these processes. The MDN offers the only regional measurements of mercury in U.S. precipitation. MDN data are used to quantify mercury deposition to water bodies that have fish consumption advisories due to this toxic chemical. In 2001, 42 states listed such advisories, which also were issued for coastal ME, the Atlantic Coast from the VA-NC border to the southern tip of FL, and the U.S. Gulf Coast. NADP data (individual data points, seasonal and annual averages, trend plots, maps, reports, manuals) are available on-line at the URL, nadp.sws.uiuc.edu. In 2001, this site received nearly 43,000 unique visitors, a 7 percent increase over 2000. Site users logged more than 109,000 sessions, and the site
received over 1 million hits for the first time in its history. Since 1998, usage has increased by over 300 percent. Most frequently accessed data products continued to be color contour maps of pollutant concentrations and depositions. Site users viewed 88,367 maps in 2001 and retrieved 18,535 data files. User statistics show that researchers primarily use NADP data to study atmospheric deposition and watershed processes, as well as effects on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and cultural resources. Universities account for 35 percent of NADP Internet site users, followed by federal agencies (21 percent) and public schools (18 percent). Research and educational usage have averaged 60 percent to 40 percent, resp. In a new application of NTN samples, scientists are measuring oxygen-18 and deuterium to evaluate the relative contributions of the Gulf of Mexico, North Pacific Ocean, and Atlantic Ocean as the water vapor sources leading to precipitation. An accessible database is being
developed for the isotope research community using oxygen-18 and deuterium measurements from 80 NTN sites over 14 years. These sites will comprise the U.S. contribution to the Global Network for Isotopes in Precipitation.
Impacts
Using precipitation chemistry data from the NADP, researchers have calculated that atmospheric deposition of nitrogen represents 10 percent to over 40 percent of new nitrogen loading to some nitrogen-limited, eastern U.S. coastal waters.
Publications
- PRYOR, S.C., BARTHELMIE, R.J., CARREIRO, M., DAVIS, M.L., HARTLEY, A., JENSEN, B., OLIPHANT, A., RANDOLPH, J.C. and SCHOOF, J.T. 2001. Nitrogen deposition to and cycling in a deciduous forest. The Scientific World, 1(S2): 245-254.
- NADP. 2001. NADP 2001 - NADP Committee Meeting Proceedings. (prepared by Douglas, K.E. and P.S. Bedient) NADP Proceedings 2001-01, NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 120 pp.
- NADP. 2001. National Atmospheric Deposition Program 2000 Annual Summary. NADP Data Report 2001-01. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 16 pp.
- NADP. 2001. Quality Assurance Report, National Atmospheric Deposition Program, 1999, Laboratory Operations, Central Analytical Laboratory. (prepared by J.E. Rothert) NADP QA Report 2001-01, NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 127 pp.
- NADP. 2001. 2002 CALendar. NADP Program Office, Champaign, IL. 30 pp.
- BOWERSOX, V.C. 2001. Acid rain impacts: State of the science, results from monitoring deposition. In: Acid Rain: Are the Problems Solved? Center for Environmental Information, Rochester, NY. p. 8.
- BUTLET, T.J., LIKENS, G.E. and STUNDER, B.J.B. 2001. Regional-scale impacts of phase I of the clean air act amendments in the U.S.: The relation between emissions and concentrations, both wet and dry. Atmospheric Environment, 35:1015-1028.
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