Cultural Landscape Studies - UNIV OF WISCONSIN

Knowledge Area (KA)	Subject of Investigation (SOI)	Field of Science (FOS)	Percent
131	0599	3111	60%
131	0599	3100	40%

Progress 10/01/99 to 09/30/13

Outputs
OUTPUTS: During the year, I was selected as the Finlandia Foundation's National Lecturer of the Year. As such, I made 15 presentations throughout North America on the topic, "From Finland to North America: Buidlings, Landscapes, and Cultural Change." A total of 2000 people attended these sessions. PARTICIPANTS: Not relevant to this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Presented to 15 different audiences (13 in the United States; 2 in Canada) on the topic of the buildings, cultural landscapes, and culture of Finnish immigrants in North America. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
Because of my Finlandia Foundation National selection, I devoted the entire year to this project. Since my presentations featured the "built environment" (buildings and cultural landscapes), I was able to expand the participants' knowledge and understanding of these resources beyond the Finnish immigrant experience in North America.

Publications

Alanen, A.R. 2010. The sign of the Finn. Introduction to M. Nordskog and A.W. Hautala, The Opposite of Cold: The Northwoods Sauna Tradition. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Alanen, A.R. 2010. Sitka's "only place of amusement": Russian, Finnish, and other European interactions with the Indian River landscape. Proceedings of the 2010 Conference on Russian America, J. Kohl, ed. http/2010rac.com/papers.sktml.
Demming, M.E.; Morrison, D.: Alanen, A.R., et al. 2010. Retrospect and forecast: remarks on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of Landscape Journal. Landscape Journal 28, No. 1: 111-23.

Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09

Outputs
OUTPUTS: As the Wisconsin coordinator for the Historic American Landscape Survey (HALS), I continued to gather information on the state's important landscapes, and also worked with volunteers who are involved with the project. PARTICIPANTS: Not relevant to this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
Presentations were made to various organizations and conferences about the program, and to generate more information about HALS.

Publications

No publications reported this period

Progress 01/01/08 to 12/31/08

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Work was done throughout the state as part of the nation's Historic American Landscape Survey (HALS). The documentation of some twenty-five Wisconsin sites that are worthy of inclusion in a data base of American cultural landscapes were identified and documented, and short summaries were conducted of each. PARTICIPANTS: Not relevant to this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
By generating the Historic American Landscape Survey listing of twenty-five sites in Wisconsin, and posting them on the National Park Service website, the state's cultural landscapes are receiving nation-wide attention.

Publications

1 Alanen, Arnold R. 2008. Door County's cultural landscapes. In The Glories of the Door County Cultural Landscape. Ephraim, WI:Francis Hardy Center for the Arts.
2 Freemyer, Jennifer. 2008. A History of the Campus Cultural Landscape at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1945-1975. MA thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
3 Somverille, Elisaabeth. 2008. Ornamentation of Home Grounds: Changes in Recommendations for Wisconsin Vernacular Gardens between 1870 and 1930. MA thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
4 Tish, Jason L. 2008. The Osceola Air Force Radar Station: A Case Study for Evaluating Cold War Military Defensive Landscapes. MA thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
5 Wasilewski, Mary T. 2008. The Polish Religious Landscape of Portage and Marathon Counties, Wisconsin. MA Thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Progress 01/01/07 to 12/31/07

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Because of a book, along with articles and theses, as well as presentations given at conferences and meetings projects findings were disseminated to audiences in the United States and Australia. The Australian connection allowed the investigator to present his conclusions to investigators working on similar issues in that country--namely, the identification and preservation of remote communities. University and Wisconsin-wide newspaper publications, as well as radio programs, brought the cultural landscape project to the public. At the University level, my efforts to secure National Historic Landmark status for the Old Dairy Barn, culminated in a public presentation on the building's history. Efforts to secure federal funding for the Historic American Landscape Survey (HALS) continued by representatives from various states, including myself. PARTICIPANTS: Partner organizations: Departments of Planning and Architecture, Universities of New South Wales and South Australia. TARGET AUDIENCES: Public awareness in Wisconsin was stressed throughout the year, with several articles appearing throughout the state. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: None

Impacts
Because of the numerous publications, considerable public response was generated by the project. Of special importance was progress on the Wisconsin section of the Historic American Landscape Survey (HALS), which seeks to identify and document important landscapes in the state. Besides the findings reported at professional conferences, public awareness was enhanced with publications in "Wisconsin Week," "Wisconsin State Journal," "Capital Times," "Duluth News-Tribune," and radio and TV programs in Milwaukee, Racine, and Duluth. A conference in Australia provided opportunities for cross-national comparisons of cultural landscape issues in remote communities. Also of note was the appearance, in 2007, of a book about the origins of a U.S. Steel company town built in the vicinity of Superior, Wisconsin, and Duluth, Minnesota. The volume pointed to the cultural landscape legacy of the former steel plant community in the Duluth-Superior area.

Publications

Alanen, Arnold R. 2007. Morgan Park: Duluth, U.S. Steel and the Forging of a Company Town. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press: 320 pp.
Alanen, Arnold R. 2007. Postwar town planning and conservation in America, with specific reference to remote mining and industrial communities in Minnesota and Michigan. In Cultural Heritage in the Sustainability of Remote Planned Communities. C. Garnaut and R. Freestone, eds. Adelaide: University of South Australia: 59-68.
Can, Yasemin Gulec. 2007. Documenting an Urban Landscape: Assessing the East Railroad Corridor Cultural Landscape of Madison, Wisconsin. MSLA thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Somerville, Elizabeth. 2007. The Ornamentation of Home Grounds: Changes in Recommendations for Wisconsin Vernacular Gardens between 1870 and 1930. MALA thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Freemyer, Jenny. 2007. A History of the Campus Cultural Landscape at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1945-1975. MALA thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Tish, Jason. 2007. 2007. The Osceola Air Force Radar Station: A Wisconsin Case Study for Evaluating Cold War Military Defensive Landscapes." MALA thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Wasilewski, Mary. 2007 The Polish Religious Landscape of Portage and Marathon Counties, Wisconsin. MALA thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Progress 01/01/06 to 12/31/06

Outputs
The cultural landscape report for the UW-Madison campus is currently being edited and will be posted on the University's website when completed. Work is beginning on Wisconsin projects for the Historic American Landscape Survey (HALS), which is organized by the National Park Service. The survey will identify and document cultural landscapes in Wisconsin that are worthy of inclusion in a national list. A book manuscript about the design, economic, political, and social history of a model company town in the Duluth-Superior area of Minnesota and Wisconsin was completed and will be published in late 2007.

Impacts
When the UW-Madison cultural landscape report is ready for website inclusion it will accessible to local campus decision-makers, as well as university planners throughout the nation. The HALS survey will provide important landscape-related information for local Wisconsin communities and citizens.

Publications

1 Alanen, Arnold R. 2006. Little houses on the prairie: continuity and change in the Finnish vernacular architecture and landscapes of Canada. Journal of Finnish Studies 9, December: 117-38.
2 Alanen, Arnold R. 2006. Yoopers. In The American Midwest: A Cultural Encyclopedia. A. Clayton, J.R. Sisson, & C. Zacher, eds. Bloomington: Indiana University Press: 106.
3 Alanen, Arnold R. 2006. Review of C. Birnbaum, Preserving Modern Landscapes in America, II: Making Postwar Landscapes. In CRM: The Journal of Heritage Stewardship 3, Winter: 102-04.
4 Alanen, Arnold R. 2006. Finnish life on the Saskatchewan prairie: the photography of the Almusas. Finnish American Reporter [Hancock, MI], March: 14.
5 MacDonald, Eric. 2006. The Art which Mends Nature: The Discourse of American Environmental Design in Garden and Forest, 1888-1897. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
6 Cain, Cortney. 2006. The Development of Apple Horticulture in Wisconsin, 1850s-1950s: Case Studies of Bayfield, Crawford, and Door Counties. MA thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
7 Yu, Xiaojain. 2006. Documenting the Cultural Landscape of Eagle Heights and Its Surrounding Areas on the University of Wisconsin-Madison Campus. MA thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
8 Dammann, Catherine. 2006. The Evolution of Landscape From on the Agricultural Campus at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. MA thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
9 Li, Chuo. 2006. Preserving an Ethnic Heritage: Reading the Landscape of Chicago's Chinatown. MA thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Progress 01/01/05 to 12/31/05

Outputs
No progress reported this period

Impacts
The Cultural Landscape Report for the University of Wisconsin-Madison campus was completed. The report has been accepted by the Department of Facilities Planning & Management, and is being used as part of the assessment that precedes all building and development projects on campus.

Publications

Williams, Brenda; Daniel Einstein, Arnold Alanen et al., 2005. A Campus Management Plan for the University of Wisconsin-Madison Campus. Madison: Department of Facilities Planning & Management, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Haswell, Susan and Arnold R. Alanen. 2005. Campus Landscape History: University of Wisconsin-Madison. Madison: Department of Facilities Planning & Management, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Alanen, Arnold R. 2005. Humanities Building a product of Modernist movement of 1960s. Capital Times, July 2-3: 9A.

Progress 01/01/04 to 12/31/04

Outputs
The primary effort during the year was documenting the evolution of the cultural landscape associated with the campus at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The study, funded by a grant from the J Paul Getty Foundation of Los Angeles, is one of twenty-five awarded to American colleges and universities to inventory and develop management guidelines for their campus landscapes. The guidelines, when completed, will provide planners and managers with direction when evaluating situations that impact the landscape and build the environment of the campus. Because of the rich documentary record that is being assembled, students, staff, and alumni will also be acquainted with campus evolution over time.

Impacts
Campus planners and managers will use the information in making decisons about the future direction of the University of Wisconsin-Madison campus landscape. Interested students, staff, alumni, and members of the general public will have information about the evolution of the campus landscape over time.

Publications

Alanen, Arnold R. 2004 A remarkable place, an eventful year: politics and recreation at Minnesota's Mesaba Co-op Park in 1936. Journal of Finnish Studies. 8, August: 67-86.
Alanen, Arnold R. 2004. Finns. In Encyclopedia of the Great Plains. D. Wishert, ed. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press: 217-218.
Alanen, Arnold R. and Torma, C. 2004. Finnish architecture. In Encyclopedia of the Great Plains. D. Wishert, ed. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. 79.

Progress 01/01/03 to 12/31/03

Outputs
Since all phases of this project, which commenced in 1999, are now completed, all efforts this year focused on the development of new grant proposals for further cultural landscape studies. Three were submitted, and all were funded: the J. Paul Getty Foundation, the Canadian Studies Faculty Research Grant Program, and the UW Graduate School research competition.

Impacts
The results of this project have been used by the National Park Service in the agency's endeavors to identify and manage its cultural landscapes. In Wisconsin, the landscape history studies undertaken for the State Capitol building will be used to prepare a Master Plan when funding is provided by the State Legislature.

Publications

Proctor, Dean and Arnold R. Alanen. 2003. Design guidelines for the New Deal community of Greendale, Wisconsin. Madison, WI: Vandewalle and Associates.

Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02

Outputs
No progress reported this period

Impacts
The recently completed study of the landscape history of Wisconsin's State Capitol provides documentation for future management and restoration of the site.

Publications

MacDonald Eric A. & Arnold R. Alanen. 2002. Wisconsin's Capitol Park: A Landscape History, 1838-2000. Madison, WI: Department of Administration, State of Wisconsin, 65 pp.
Alanen, Arnold R. & Holly Smith. 2002. Of time and a river: documenting and managing a cultural landscape at Sitka National Historical Park in Alaska. In Proceedings of the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA). Washington, D.C.: ASLA: 67-71.
Alanen, Arnold R. & Lynn Bjorkman. 2002. Model villages for snow and sand. Warren H. Manning and the planning of Gwinn, Michigan, and Warren, Arizona. In Cities of Tomorrow: Abstracts of the 10th International Planning History Conference. London: International Planning History Society: 18.
Alanen, Arnold R. & Barbara Wyatt. 2002. National Register nomination of the Gwinn Model Village Historic District. Lansing, MI: State Historic Preservation Office, Michigan Historical Center, 95 pp.

Progress 01/01/01 to 12/31/01

Outputs
Grant support for the National Park Service portion of this research endeavor ended on 12-31-01. All publications for the NPS are now completed except for one report and two master's theses. The projects completed during the year or scheduled for completion in 2002 feature NPS sites in the Midwest and Alaska. Most efforts in 2001 featured Apostle Islands National Lakeshore in northern Wisconsin, where a major cultural landscape associated with a mainland site was documented; management guidelines were also prepared for the site. Another study that continues to evolve, and which will be a major undertaking in 2002, is documentation of Wisconsin's State Capitol landscape over the past 165 years and the preparation of a historic master plan to guide its future development.

Impacts
The National Park Service will be using the reports and publications developed for NPS sites in Wisconsin, Michigan, Minnesota, and Alaska as part of management strategies for cultural landscapes. The State of Wisconsin will employ the results in managing the Capitol Park landscape.

Publications

Alanen, Arnold R. 2001. Apostle Islands National Lakeshore. In C. Goetcheus, ed., Cultural Landscape Bibliography: Resources in the National Park System. Washington, DC: National Park Service: 133-34.
Tishler, W.H.; A.R. Alanen, & G.F. Thompson. 2001. Apostle Islands National Lakeshore. In C. Goetcheus, ed., Cultural Landscape Bibliography: Resources in the National Park System. Washington, DC: National Park Service: 134.
Smith-Middleton, H. and A.R. Alanen. 2001. Sitka, Alaska, National Historical Park. In C. Goetcheus, ed., Cultural Landscape Bibliography: Resources in the National Park System. Washington, DC: National Park Service: 105-06.
Haswell, S.O. and A.R. Alanen. 2001. Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore. in C. Geotcheus, ed., Cultural Landscape Bibliography: Resources in the National Park System. Washington, DC: National Park Service: 159-60.
Holmer, Katy & A.R. Alanen. 2001. Catch of the Day: The Cultural Landscape Associated with the Hokenson Fishery at Apostle Islands National Lakeshore. Omaha, NE: Midwest Regional Office, National Park Service, 83 pp.
Alanen, A.R. 2001. Peets, Elbert 1886-1968. In C. Shoemaker, ed., Chicago Botanic Garden Encyclopedia of Gardens: History and Design, Vol. 3. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers: 1016-18.
Alanen, A.R. & L. Bjorkman. 2001. Manning, Warren H. 1860-1938. In C. Shoemaker, ed., Chicago Botanic Garden Encyclopedia of Gardens: History and Design, Vol. 3. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers: 847-48.
Bjorkman L. and A.R. Alanen. 2001. Bullard Helen Elise 1896-1987. In C. Shoemaker, ed., Chicago Botanic Garden Encyclopedia of Gardens: History and Design, Vol. 1. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers: 208-09.
Smith, H.; S. Haswell; & A.R. Alanen. 2001. Architecture and Science Associated with the Dairy Barn at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Madison: Department of Landscape Architecture & Provost's Office, University of Wisconsin, 30 pp.
Alanen, A.R. 2001. Almost gone, almost forgotten: Finnish co-op stores in the western Great Lakes region. Finnish American Reporter (Hancock, MI) 15, November: 14-15.

Progress 01/01/00 to 12/31/00

Outputs
This project has components in Wisconsin, Michigan, Minnesota, and Alaska. The purpose of the various projects is to document a number of cultural landscapes (i.e., those formed by human interaction with the land) through detailed on-site and archival assessments, and to interpret the sites for both professionals and the public. Management guidelines were also prepared for those cultural landscapes that are part of the National Park Service system.

Impacts
The results from this project have been used by the National Park Service in Wisconsin, Michigan, and Alaska. In addition, the findings are being used by numerous land-use managers who have responsibility for the management of cultural landscapes in several areas of the United States.

Publications

Alanen, A.R. and Melnick, R.Z., eds. 2000. Preserving Cultural Landscapes in America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press: 250 pp.
Alanen, A.R. and Melnick, R.Z. 2000. Introduction: why cultural landscape preservation? In A.R. Alanen and R.Z. Melnick, eds. Preserving Cultural Landscapes in America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press: 1-21.
Alanen, A.R. 2000. Considering the ordinary: vernacular landscapes in small towns and rural areas. In A.R. Alanen and R.Z. Melnick, eds. Preserving Cultural Landscapes in America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press: 112-42.
Alanen, A.R. 2000. Pines, Lakes & Mines: A Fieldguide to the Cultural Landscapes and Architecture of Northeastern Minnesota. Madison, WI: Vernacular Architecture Forum: 267 pp.
Alanen, A.R. 2000. Midwestern colonists in the Matanusaka valley: settling rural Alaska during the Great Depression. In S. McMurray and A. Adams, eds. People, Power, Places: Perspectives in Vernacular Architecture. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press: 53-80.
Alanen, A.R. 2000. Elbert Peets. In C.A. Birnbaum and L.E. Crowder, eds. Pioneers of American Landscape Design. New York: McGraw-Hill: 293-96.
Alanen, A.R. 2000. Elbert Peets: history as precedent in Midwestern landscape architecture. In W.H. Tishler, ed. Midwestern landscape architecture. Urbana: University of Illinois Press: 193-214.
Alanen, A.R. 2000. Finnish barns in the Lake Superior region. New World Finn [Superior, WI]. October: 12-13.
MacDonald, E. and A.R. Alanen. 2000. Tending a 'Comfortable Wilderness': A History of Agricultural Landscapes on North Manitou Island, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, Michigan. Omaha, NE: Midwest Field Office: national Park Service: 420 pp.
Moffett, C.D. 2000. Cheese Factories in the Southwestern Wisconsin Landscaple, 1870-1920. MA Thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Sturans, K.M. 2000. John Muir: An Investigation of Fountain Lake Farm, Wisconsin. MA Thesis, School of the Art Insitute of Chicago.
Zimmerman, D. 2000. From Paternalism to Privatization: The Evolution of a Corporate Mining 'Location' in the Copper District of Michigan's Keweenaw Peninsula. MA Thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Alanen, A.R. and Smith-Middleton, H. 1999. Tlingits, Russians, and Finns in nineteenth-century Alaska: documenting and managing a cultural landscape at Sitka National Historical Park. In M. Jones, et al., eds. Shaping the Land: Proceedings of the Permanent European Conference for the Study of the Rural Landscape. Trondheim, Norway: University of Trondheim: 88-103.
Alanen, A.R. and Bjorkman, L. 1999. Early twentieth-century national planning in the United States: the vision of Warren H. Manning. In D.L. Schue, comp. Proceedings of the 1999 ASLA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: American Society of Landscape Architects: 44-45.
Smith-Middleton, H. and Alanen, A.R. 1999. Testaments to Space and Time: A Landscape History of Sitka National Historical Park. Anchorage, AK: Alaskan Field Area Office, National Park Service: 224 pp.