Progress 10/01/99 to 10/01/04
Outputs
Under field conditions using micro-plots, no differences between treatments with or without additions of NViro soil (15 and 30T/A)were found in terms of either SCN populations or yield. Field trials with Gusto were not harvested because of early season flooding in the treatment site in Wood Co., OH. The Breeding program at Ohio State University designed to select for SCN resistance in combination with Phytophthora Root Rot resistance has been completed. Several promising selections are now in regional trials.
Impacts
Practically, this means that in SCN-infested soils, early control of PDN in the fall will be necessary to avoid SCN reproduction and increases in SCN levels for spring planted soybean or other susceptible crops.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 01/01/03 to 12/31/03
Outputs
Reproduction of SCN on Lamium purpurea (Purple deadnettle, PDN)was examined in greenhouse tests under controlled conditions.500 cc cup seeded with 1, 2 or 4 PDN seedlings were indocuated with 4-5K eggs per cup. Checks consisted of 0, 1 or 2 soybean seedlings cv Corsoy 79 (SCN-susceptible)per cup inocuated with equal numbers of SCN.Results of these tests indicate that under optimal conditions, SCN can complete its life cyce on PDN in 20 to 30 days. In other work, NVIRO treatments did not reduce SCN populations under field conditions.
Impacts
Practically, this means that in SCN-infested soils, early control of PDN in the fall will be necessary to avoid SCN reproduction and increases in SCN levels for spring planted soybean or other susceptible crops.
Publications
- Venkatesh, R., S. K. Harrison, E. E. Regnier and R. M. Riedel.2003. Soybean Cyst Nematode Reproduction on Purple Deadnettle Under Greenhouse Conditions. Abstr in Proceedings of NorthCentral weed Sciecne Society Annual Meeting. (in press).
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Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02
Outputs
Plots sown with Purple Deadnettle (Lamium purpurea) is August following soybean (Glycines max) harvest had 85% higher populations of SCN (Heterodera glycines)in the spring at planting time compared to plots with no deadnettle. These finding support pervious work in greenhouse pot studies and field microplots indicating that Purple Deadnettle is a excellent host of SCN and an important factor in increasing nematode populations in no-till cultivation. Microplots in the field treated with 5 T/A NViro soil had lower SCN populations at the first sampling in June than untreated plots. At harvest all plots had similar SCN populations. Grower fields in corn/soybean rotations with Purple Deadnettle infestations were identified in Fall 2002 for sampling in Spring 2003. Maturity of SCN on deadnettle roots will be ascertained in March, 2003.
Impacts
Results of studies with Purple Deadnettle will change cultivation practices and/or the use of after harvest herbicides.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 01/01/01 to 12/31/01
Outputs
Lamium purpureum L. (Purple Deadnettle) seeds were planted in each of 150 4 in. diameter plastic tiles in September, 2001 immediately after soybean harvest at the Waterman Farm, Franklin Co., OH. Tiles were filled with soil infested with Heterodera glycines. Tiles were planted with either soysbean cv. Corsoy 79, deadnettle or left fallow. Tiles will be lifted at monthly intervals during winter 2001/2002. No adult females were found on roots of plants lifted in October, 2001.
Impacts
This research will demonstrate the need for control of winter annuals to limit soybean cyst nematode reproduction in crop rotation programs.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 01/01/00 to 12/31/00
Outputs
Purple deadnettle (Lamium purpureum L.) seeds were planted in clay pots containing SCN-infested field soil from Clermont Co. (14.5K eggs/200 cc of soil). Pots were kept in the greenhouse (21-27C) to ensure emergence of only purple deadnettle. Fifty-two pots were transported to Clermont Co. and buried on 30 OCT 00 (4 wk after emergence) in the same SCN-infested field from which the soil was collected. Four pots were removed on 3 DEC 00, 16 DEC 00. SCN egg populations remained the same over harvest intervals compared to the initial population. Numbers of eggs on 3 DEC 00 was 12K and 14K /200 cc of soil, respectively. Mature females feeding in and on the roots were observed. Presence of eggs and females on purple deadnettle roots indicate that SCN can complete an additional generation in the fall after harvest. Based upon these results, purple deadnettle can act as a late-season (fall) host of SCN, and thus may extend the reproductive period and capacity of SCN to
survive in infested fields in the absence of soybeans. Control of purple deadnettle should be targeted after the majority of seedlings emerge, but before sufficient time has elapsed for SCN to complete a life cycle on purple deadnettle roots.
Impacts
Winter annuals are common in no-till agriculture. These weeds are generally not controlled since they are gone at planting. Recognition of potential of purple deadnettle to increase SCN populations after harvest will encourage the control of these weeds and increase the control of SCN by crop rotation.
Publications
- Venkatesh, Ramarao, S. Kent Harrison and Richard M. Riedel.2000. Weed Hosts of Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines) in Ohio. Weed Technology 14:156-160.
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