CROP PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE FOR THE MONDAK REGION

Knowledge Area (KA)	Subject of Investigation (SOI)	Field of Science (FOS)	Percent
205	1540	1060	10%
205	1541	1060	10%
205	1545	1060	15%
205	1599	1060	10%
205	1550	1060	10%
205	1560	1060	10%
205	1843	1060	15%
205	1843	1140	10%
205	1899	1060	10%

Progress 11/01/97 to 09/30/04

Outputs
Over one hundred experiments were conducted each year to 1) evaluate the performance and adaptation of new and old crop cultivars and 2) evaluate crop cultural practices that would potentially reduce inputs and/or increase crop production. Some of the crops tested this year, with average yields of all cultivars in kilograms per hectare in parenthesis, include: hard red winter wheat (5477), winter rye (4691), durum wheat (3520), hard red and hard white wheat (3809), triticale (3578), 2-row and 6-row barley (5282), oats (4285), oil-type sunflower (1822), yellow and brown flax (1161), oleic and linoleic safflower (1281), yellow mustard (1299), conventional canola (1601), Roundup Ready canola (1733), dry edible pinto beans (999), conventional soybeans (228), Roundup Ready soybeans (1374), field peas (3587), lentils (1547), buckwheat (3064), Desi-type and Kabuli-type chickpea (2357), corn grain (1372), oat forage (6608), cool season forage (6362), warm season forage (2934) and alfalfa (8266). Crop variety performance trials were also conducted each year off station at six locations in Divide, Burke, McKenzie, Mountrail and Williams counties, to evaluate the local agronomic performance of varieties of cereal grains and flax. Varieties of 11 crops were planted into conventionally tilled recrop and into notill recrop to compare to their fallow performance. Generally little difference in performance rankings occur. As in the past few years, varieties of HRS wheat, durum and barley were evaluated for common root rot (CRR) susceptibility. There is a significant difference in variety tolerance to CRR, but no variety is completely resistant. This year the trial included 40 HRSW, 15 durum and 60 barley entries. Grain samples of 59 HRS wheat varieties, 48 durum varieties, 29 barley varieties and 39 oat varieties were submitted to Cereal Science at NDSU for end product quality analysis. Cooperative research with the Montana State University, Eastern Ag Research Center on safflower, HRW wheat, chickpeas and durum was conducted. Early generation safflower, durum and HRW wheat cultivars were evaluated for agronomic traits and selections made based on these tests. Date of planting studies and fungicide experiments were conducted on lentils and chickpeas to evaluate their effect on Ascocyta blight infestations, showing that this blight can be managed with fungicides and later planting in chickpea. Early planted lentils yield best. Various post emergence herbicides and herbicide combinations were evaluated for broadleaf and grassy weed control in durum spring wheat, flax, lentils, field peas and chickpeas. Results are used to make recommendations to producers. Safflower herbicide investigations have resulted in the submission of seven herbicides to IR-4 and eventually to EPA for full label clearance on safflower. A cooperative research effort with the Fort Peck Tribal College on potato and identity preserved wheat research and development was conducted to promote irrigation development in the MonDak region.

Impacts
This research program contributes to the information base necessary for the release of new varieties. Newest variety releases from NDSU include Dapps and Steele-ND hard red spring wheat, Pierce and Dilse durum, York and Carter flax, Montola 2004 and Nutrasaff safflower, Drummond barley and HiFi, Stark, Beach and Morton oats. Information gathered from these studies help producers in northwest North Dakota and eastern Montana make management decision that result in 1) greater economic returns, 2) a reduction of input costs, 3) a reduction of soil erosion and improved soil quality and 4) a greater diversification of crops grown.

Publications

Riveland, N., D.J. Tobias, M. Mergoum, and R.W. Stack. 2003. Common root rot of hard red spring wheat in North Dakota. In Annual Meeting Abstracts {CD-ROM}. ASA, CSSA and SSSA, Madison, WI.
Riveland and Bradbury. Broadleaf weed control in safflower, Williston 2003. 2003 ND Weed Control Research. Yellow section, Pg. 55.
Riveland and Bradbury. Grassy weed control in safflower, Williston 2003. 2003 ND Weed Control Research. Yellow section, Pg. 56.
Doehlert, Douglas C., Michael S.McMullen, Jean-Luc Jannink, Surangan Panigraphi, Huanzhong Gu, and Neil Riveland. 2004. Influence of oat kernel size and size distribution on test weight. Cereal Research Communications 32:135-141.
Doehlert, Douglas C., Michael S.McMullen, Jean-Luc Jannink, Surangan Panigraphi, Huanzhong Gu, and Neil R. Riveland. 2004. Evaluation of oat kernel size uniformity. Crop Science 44: 1178-1186.
Berg, J.E., P.L. Bruckner, G.R. Carlson, J.Eckhoff, G.D. Kushnak, K.D. Kephart, N. Riveland, R.N. Stougaard, D.M. Wichman, D. Habernicht, R. Johhnston, and D. Mathre. 2004. Winter Wheat Variety Performance Summary in Montana. Montana State University Ext. Serv. Bull. 1098 (revised).
Jenks, B., G. Willoughby, D. Markle and N. Riveland. 2003. Weed control in no-till dry pea (Williston). 2003 North Dakota Weed Control Research. Plant Sci. Dept., North Dakota State University, Fargo. Yellow section, p. 34.
Jenks, B., G. Willoughby, D. Markle and N. Riveland. 2003. Weed control in no-till chickpea (Williston). 2003 North Dakota Weed Control Research. Plant Sci. Dept., North Dakota State University, Fargo. Yellow section, p. 15.
NDSU Williston Research Extension Center and MSU Eastern Ag Research Center. 2003. 2003 Ag Research Update. Regional Report No. 9.
Riveland, Neil. Wild oat control in durum with Siverado, Williston 2003. 2003 ND Weed Control Research. Green section, Pg. 7.
Riveland, Neil. Wild oat control in durum wheat, Williston 2003. 2003 ND Weed Control Research. Green section, Pg. 22.
Riveland, Neil. Weed control in durum with Aim, Williston 2003. 2003 ND Weed Control Research. Green section, Pg. 32.
Riveland, Neil. Controlling volunteer wheat, Williston 2003. 2003 ND Weed Control Research. Green section, Pg. 49.
Riveland, Neil. Canola herbicide systems study, Williston 2003. 2003 ND Weed Control Research. Yellow section, Pg. 3.
Riveland and Bradbury. Spartan on safflower, Williston 2003. 2003 ND Weed Control Research. Yellow section, Pg. 54.

Progress 10/01/02 to 09/30/03

Outputs
Over one hundred experiments were conducted this year to 1) evaluate the performance and adaptation of new and old crop cultivars and 2) evaluate crop cultural practices that would potentially reduce inputs and/or increase crop production. Some of the crops tested, with average yields of all cultivars in kilograms per hectare in parenthesis, include: hard red winter wheat (3582), winter rye (5432), durum wheat (2947), hard red and hard white wheat (3310), triticale (3265), 2-row and 6-row barley (4474), oats (3562), oil-type sunflower (1203), yellow and brown flax (1000), oleic and linoleic safflower (1760), yellow mustard (1532), conventional canola (1457), Roundup Ready canola (1678), crambe (2205), dry edible pinto beans (778), conventional soybeans (724), Roundup Ready soybeans (762), field peas (2819), lentils (1302), buckwheat (143), Desi-type (1618) and Kabuli-type (1152) chickpea, corn grain (4950), cool season forage (4458) and warm season forage (5085). Some of these trials were regionally coordinated and involved cooperators from other states in the Great Plains and Western US regions and Canada, while most involved NDSU plant breeders and other state research center agronomists. Experiments were conducted to evaluate agronomic performance of 18 hard white spring wheat cultivars and 24 HRSW cultivars that have resistance to wheat stem sawfly. Crop variety performance trials were also conducted off station at six locations in Divide, Burke, McKenzie, Mountrail and Williams counties, to evaluate the agronomic performance of varieties of cereal grains and flax. Varieties of 11 crops were planted into conventionally tilled recrop and into notill recrop at the Center. Thirty-six varieties of HRS wheat, 16 varieties of durum and 50 varieties of barley were evaluated for their tolerance to common root rot. There is a significant difference in variety tolerance to CRR, but no variety is completely resistant. Samples of HRS wheat, durum, barley and oats were submitted to Cereal Science at NDSU for quality analysis. Cooperative research with the Montana State University, Eastern Ag Research Center on safflower, HRW wheat and durum was conducted. Early generation safflower and HRW wheat cultivars were evaluated for agronomic traits and selections made based on these tests. Various post emergence herbicides and herbicide combinations were evaluated for broadleaf and grassy weed control in spring wheat, field peas and chickpeas. Safflower herbicide investigations have resulted in the submission of seven herbicides to IR-4 and eventually to EPA for full label clearance on safflower. Date of planting studies and fungicide experiments were conducted on lentils and chickpeas to evaluate their effect on Ascocyta blight infestations. Two potato variety performance studies were conducted under sprinkler irrigation cooperatively with the University of Minnesota and NDSU. Chickpea and lentil varieties were evaluated cooperatively with Washington State University. A sugarbeet N fertility trial was conducted cooperatively with the MSU Eastern Ag Research Center.

Impacts
This research program contributes to the information base necessary for the release of new varieties. Newest variety releases from NDSU include Dapps hard red spring wheat, Pierce and Dilse durum, York flax, Montola 2004 safflower, Drummond barley and HiFi and Morton oats. Information gathered from these studies will help producers in northwest North Dakota and eastern Montana make management decision that will result in 1) greater economic returns, 2) a reduction of input costs, 3) a reduction of soil erosion and improved soil quality and 4) a greater diversification of crops grown.

Publications

Berglund, Duane R., Ted C. Helms, Edward Deckard, R. Jay Goos, Bryan Hanson, Blaine Schatz, Steve Zwinger, Neil Riveland, Mark Halvorson and Eric Eriksmoen. 2002. North Dakota Soybean Performance Testing 2001. NDSU Ext. Ser. Bull. A-843 (revised).
NDSU Williston Research Extension Center and MSU Eastern Ag Research Center. 2002. 2002 Ag Research Update. Regional Report No. 8.
Riveland, Neil and Kirk A. Howatt. Wild oat control in wheat, Williston 2002. 2002 ND Weed Control Research. Green section, Pg. 14.
Riveland, Neil R. Wild oat control in hard red spring wheat with Discover, Williston 2002. 2002 ND Weed Control Research. Green section, Pg. 17.
Riveland, Neil R. Spartan on safflower, Williston 2002. 2002 ND Weed Control Research. Yellow section, Pg. 67.
Riveland, Neil R. Grassy weed control in safflower, Williston 2002. 2002 ND Weed Control Research. Yellow section, Pg. 68.
Berg, J.E., P.L. Bruckner, G.R. Carlson, J. Eckhoff, G.D. Kushnak, K.D. Kephart, N. Riveland, R. N. Stougaard, D.M. Wichman, D. Habernicht, R. Johnston, D. Nash and R. Larson. 2003. 2003 Winter wheat variety performance summary in Montana. MSU Ext. Ser. Bull. 1098 (revised).

Progress 10/01/01 to 09/30/02

Outputs
Over one hundred experiments were conducted this year to 1) evaluate the performance and adaptation of new and old crop cultivars and 2) evaluate crop cultural practices that would potentially reduce inputs and/or increase crop production. Some of the crops tested, with average yields of all cultivars in kilograms per hectare in parenthesis, include: hard red winter wheat (1805), winter rye (3526), durum wheat (2598), hard red and hard white wheat (2865), triticale (2744), 2-row and 6-row barley (3612), oats (2477), oil-type sunflower (1655), yellow and brown flax (900), oleic and linoleic safflower (1271), yellow mustard (606), conventional canola (658), Roundup Ready canola (1028), crambe (509), dry edible pinto beans (868), dry edible navy beans (842), soybeans (1533), field peas (1526), lentils (616), buckwheat (1330, Desi-type (1729) and Kabuli-type (1400) chickpea, corn grain (7694), cool season forage (2946) and warm season forage (3578). Some of these trials were regionally coordinated and involved cooperators from other states in the Great Plains and Western US regions and Canada, while most involved NDSU plant breeders and other state research center agronomists. Experiments were conducted to evaluate agronomic performance of 42 hard white spring wheat cultivars and 26 HRSW cultivars that have resistance to wheat stem sawfly. Crop variety performance trials were also conducted off station at six locations in Divide, Burke, McKenzie, Mountrail and Williams counties, to evaluate the agronomic performance of varieties of cereal grains, flax and other crops. Varieties of 10 crops were planted into conventionally tilled recrop and into notill recrop at the Center. Sixty-two varieties of HRS wheat and 36 varieties of durum were evaluated for their tolerance to common root rot. There is a significant difference in variety tolerance to CRR, but no variety is completely resistant. Samples of HRS wheat, durum, barley and oats were submitted to Cereal Science at NDSU for quality analysis. Cooperative research with the Montana State University, Eastern Ag Research Center on safflower, HRW wheat, chickpeas and durum was conducted. Two potato variety performance studies were conducted under sprinkler irrigation cooperatively with the University of Minnesota and NDSU. Early generation safflower and HRW wheat cultivars were evaluated for agronomic traits and selections made based on these tests. Various post emergence herbicides and herbicide combinations were evaluated for broadleaf and grassy weed control in spring wheat, field peas and chickpeas. Safflower herbicide investigations have resulted in the submission of seven herbicides to IR-4 and eventually to EPA for full label clearance on safflower. Date of planting studies and fungicide experiments were initiated for lentils and chickpeas to evaluate their effect on Ascocyta blight infestations. A cooperative research effort with the Fort Peck Tribal College on potato and identity preserved wheat research and development was conducted to promote irrigation development in the MonDak region. A sugarbeet N fertility trial was conducted cooperatively with the MSU Eastern Ag Research Center.

Impacts
This research program contributes to the information base necessary for the release of new varieties. Newest variety releases from NDSU include Pierce and Dilse durum, York flax, Montola 2004 safflower, Drummond barley and HiFi and Morton oats. Information gathered from these studies will help producers in northwest North Dakota and eastern Montana make management decision that will result in 1) greater economic returns, 2) a reduction of input costs, 3) a reduction of soil erosion and improved soil quality and 4) a greater diversification of crops grown.

Publications

NDSU Williston Research Extension Center and MSU Eastern Ag Research Center. 2001. 2001 Ag Research Update. Regional Report No. 7.
Tanaka, D.L., N.R. Riveland, J.W. Bergman and B.L. Johnson. 2002. A description of safflower plant development stages. NDSU Ag Report 2.
Riveland, Neil and Gordon Bradbury. Wild oat control in wheat, Williston 2001. 2001 ND Weed Control Research. Green section, Pg. 14.
Riveland, Neil and Gordon Bradbury. SU's in combination with grass herbicides for wild oat control in durum wheat, Williston 2001. 2001 ND Weed Control Research. Green section, Pg. 34.
Riveland, Neil and Gordon Bradbury. Broadleaf weed control in hrs wheat, Williston 2001. 2001 ND Weed Control Research. Green section, Pg. 39.
Riveland, Neil and Gordon Bradbury. Weed control in Roundup Ready wheat, Williston 2001. 2001 ND Weed Control Research. Green section, Pg. 51.
Riveland, Neil and Gordon Bradbury. Quad 7 as an adjuvant with selected SU's for weed control in safflower, Williston 2001. 2001 ND Weed Control Research. Yellow section, Pg. 51.
Riveland, Neil and Gordon Bradbury. Safflower response to Starane, Williston. 2001. 2001 ND Weed Control Research. Yellow section, Pg. 52.
Riveland, Neil and Gordon Bradbury. Broadleaf weed control in an SU tolerant safflower, Williston 2001. 2001 ND Weed Control Research. Yellow section, Pg. 54.
Berg, J.E., P.L. Bruckner, G.R. Carlson, J. Eckhoff, G.D. Kushnak, K.D. Kephart, N. Riveland, R.N. Stougaard, D.M. Wichman, D. Habernicht, R. Johnston and D. Mathre. 2002. Winter wheat variety performance summary in Montana. MSU Ext. Ser. Bull. 1098 (revised). February 2002.
Doehlert, Douglas C., Michael McMullen and Neil R. Riveland. 2002. Sources of variation in oat kernel size. Cereal Chem. 79(4); 528-534.
Riveland, Neil and Gordon Bradbury. Broadleaf weed control in safflower, Williston 2001. 2001 ND Weed Control Research. Yellow section, Pg. 53.
Johnston, a.M., D.L. Tanaka, S.A. Brandt, P.R. Miller, N. Riveland and G.P. LaFond. 2002. Oilseed crops for semi-arid cropping systems on the Northern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal 94:231-240.

Progress 10/01/00 to 09/30/01

Outputs
Over one hundred experiments were conducted this year to 1) evaluate the performance and adaptation of new and old crop cultivars and 2) evaluate crop cultural practices that would potentially reduce inputs and/or increase crop production. Some of the crops tested, with average yields of all cultivars in kilograms per hectare in parenthesis, include: hard red winter wheat (1731), durum wheat (4685), hard red and hard white wheat (4472), 2-row and 6-row barley (5811), oats (5686), oil-type sunflower (1254), yellow and brown flax (1676), oleic and linoleic safflower (1541), Oriental and yellow mustard (1497), conventional canola (1748), Roundup Ready canola (1369), crambe (2190), dry edible beans (1068), soybeans (1100), field peas (2886), lentils (1817), buckwheat (842), Desi-type (2189) and Kabuli-type (220) chickpea and corn grain (6340). Some of these trials were regionally coordinated and involved cooperators from various Great Plains and Western States and Canada, while others involved NDSU plant breeders and other state research center agronomists. Cooperative research with Montana State University, the Eastern Ag Research Center, Busch Ag and University of Minnesota on malting barley, safflower, HRW wheat, durum and potatoes was conducted. Early generation safflower and HRW wheat cultivars were tested for agronomic traits and selections made based on these tests. Semidwarf durum and day length insensitive cultivars were selected for performance for non-traditional area production. Annual forages were tested, including oats, barley, triticale, and mixtures with field peas. Crop variety performance trials were also conducted off station at six locations in Divide, Burke, McKenzie, Mountrail and Williams counties, to evaluate the agronomic performance of varieties of small grains. Varieties of 10 crops were planted into conventionally tilled recrop and into notill recrop at the Center. Fifty varieties of HRS wheat and 32 varieties of durum were again evaluated for their tolerance to common root rot. Samples of cereal grains were gathered and submitted to Cereal Science at NDSU for quality analysis. Various post emergence herbicides and herbicide combinations were evaluated for broadleaf and grassy weed control in conventional spring wheat, Roundup Ready spring wheat and safflower.

Impacts
New varieties "Mountrail" durum and "Reeder" HRS wheat have shown a 5% and 10% yield advantage, respectively, over the most popular varieties of each crop now grown in this area, a significant production advantage. Information gathered from these studies will help producers in northwest North Dakota and eastern Montana make management decisions that will result in 1) greater economic returns, 2) a reduction of input costs, 3) a reduction of soil erosion and improved soil quality and 4) a greater diversification of crops grown.

Publications

NDSU Williston Research Extension Center and MSU Eastern Ag Research Center. 2000. 2000 Ag Research Update. Regional Report No. 6.
Howatt, K.A., N.R. Riveland, P. Hendrickson, and B.J. Jenks. 2000. General broadleaf weed control in wheat. 2000 NCWSS Research Report. V.57. Pg. 50.
Howatt. K.A., G.J. Endres, E.D. Eriksmoen, and N.R. Riveland. 2000. General grass control in hard red spring wheat. 2000 NCWSS Research Report. V.57. Pg. 57.
Riveland, Neil. Wild oat control in wheat, Williston 2000. 2000 ND Weed Control Research. Pg. 11.
Riveland, Neil and Gordon Bradbury. Maverick for weed control in durum wheat, Williston. 2000 ND Weed Control Research. Pg. 31.
Riveland, Neil. Broadleaf weed control in durum wheat, Williston 2000. 2000 ND Weed Control Research. Pg. 37.
Riveland, Neil and Gordon Bradbury. Kochia control in safflower, Williston. 2000 ND Weed Control Research. Pg. 45.
Bergman, J.W., N.R. Riveland, C.R. Flynn, G.R. Carlson and D.M. Wichman. 2001. Registration of Centennial safflower. Crop Science. V.41. Pg. 1639-1640.
Bergman, J.W., N.R. Riveland, C.R. Flynn, G.R. Carlson and D.M. Wichman. 2001. Registration of Morlin safflower. Crop Science. V.41. Pg. 1640.
Riveland, Neil R. Weed control in safflower in the United States northern plains region. 2001 Vth International Safflower Conference proceedings. Pg. 239-242.
Wichman, D.M., Leon E. Welty, Louise M. Strang, Jerald W. Bergman, Malvern P. Westcott, Gilbert F. Stallknecht, Neil R. Riveland and Raymond L. Ditterline. Assessing the forage production potential of safflower in the northern great plains and inter-mountain regions. 2001 Vth International Safflower Conference proceedings. Pg. 269-273.
Riveland, Neil and Gordon Bradbury. Broadleaf weed control in safflower, Williston. 2000 ND Weed Control Research. Pg. 46.
Riveland, Neil and Gordon Bradbury. Poast and combinations for control in safflower, Williston. 2000 ND Weed Control Research. Pg. 47.

Progress 10/01/99 to 09/30/00

Outputs
Over one hundred experiments were conducted this year to 1) evaluate the performance and adaptation of new and old crop cultivars and 2) evaluate crop cultural practices that would potentially reduce inputs and/or increase crop production. Major crops tested, with average yields of all cultivars in kilograms per hectare in parenthesis, include: hard red winter wheat (4388), durum wheat (4180), hard red and hard white wheat (4708), 2-row and 6-row barley (5053), oats (4806), oil-type sunflower (1800), yellow and brown flax (1424), oleic and linoleic safflower (1723), Oriental and yellow mustard (2305), Argentine canola (2491), crambe (2704), dry edible beans (917), soybeans (840), lentils (2881), buckwheat (357) and corn grain (3318). Ten of these trials were regionally coordinated and involved cooperators from various Great Plains and Western States and Canada, but most are cooperatively conducted with NDSU plant breeders and other state research center agronomists. Collaborative research with Montana State University Eastern Ag Research Center on identity preserved wheat, malting barley, safflower, HRW wheat, durum and potatoes is being conducted. Early generation safflower and HRW wheat cultivars are tested for agronomic traits and selections are made based on these tests. Semidwarf durum and day length insensitive cultivars are being selected for performance under a sprinkler irrigation system and for non-traditional area production. Crop variety performance trials were also conducted off station at six locations in Divide, Burke, McKenzie, Mountrail and Williams counties, primarily to evaluate the agronomic performance of varieties of small grains. Varieties of 10 crops are planted into conventionally tilled recrop and into notill recrop at the Center. Forty-two varieties of HRS wheat and 30 varieties of durum were evaluated for their tolerance to common root rot. Crop quality samples of cereal grains are gathered and submitted to Cereal Science and others at NDSU. Various herbicides and herbicide combinations were evaluated for weed control in spring wheat and safflower. Seed treatments for control of common root rot in spring wheat were evaluated. Annual forages tested included oats, barley, triticale, and mixtures of these crops with field peas, corn, millet, Sudan grass and sorghum.

Impacts
New varieties `Mountrail' durum and `Reeder' HRS wheat have shown a 5% and 10% yield advantage, respectively, over the most popular varieties of each crop now grown in this area, a significant production advantage. Information gathered from these studies will help producers in northwest North Dakota and eastern Montana make management decisions that will result in 1) greater economic returns, 2) a reduction of input costs, 3) a reduction of soil erosion and improved soil quality and 4) a greater diversification of crops grown.

Publications

Berg, J.E., P.L Bruckner, G.R. Carlson, J. Eckhoff, G.D. Kushnak, K.D. Kephart, N. Riveland, R.N Stougaard, D.M. Wichman, D Habernicht, R. Johnston, and D. Mathre. 2000. Winter Wheat Variety Performance Summary in Montana. MSU Ext. Ser. Bull.1098 (revised).
Berglund, Duane B., Neil Riveland and Jerald Bergman. 1998. Safflower Production. NDSU Ext. Ser. Bull. A-870 (revised).
Bergman, J. W., N. R. Riveland, C.R. Flynn, G. Carlson and D. Wichman. 2000. Registration of Montola 2000 Safflower. Crop Science. V.40. Pg. 572-573.
Bergman, J. W., N. R. Riveland, C.R. Flynn, G. Carlson and D. Wichman. 2000. Registration of Montola 2001 Safflower. Crop Science. V.40. Pg. 573-574.
NDSU Williston Research Extension Center and MSU Eastern Ag Research Center. 1998. 1998 Ag Research Update. Regional Report No. 4.
Peel, Michael D., Neil Riveland, Dave Franzen, Phil Glogoza, Marcia McMullen and Richard Zollinger. 2000. Winter Wheat Production in North Dakota. NDSU Ext. Ser. Bull. 33 (revised).
Riveland, Neil R. and Gordon Bradbury. 1999. Sulfentrazone for weed control in safflower. 1999 NCWSS Research Report. V.56. Pg. 126.
Riveland, Neil R. and Gordon Bradbury. 1999. Wild oat control in safflower. 1999 NCWSS Research Report. V.56. Pg. 127.
Riveland, Neil R. and Gordon Bradbury. 1999. Broadleaf weed control in safflower. 1999 NCWSS Research Report. V.56. Pg. 128.
Roach, Ronald F., Janet D. Davidson-Harrington, Eric D. Ericksmoen, Neil R. Riveland, Brian Jenks and Gregory Endres. 1999. Kochia and other broadleaf weed control in wheat. 1999 NCWSS Research Report. V. 56. Pg. 93.
Staricka, J. A., J. W. Bergman and N. R. Riveland. 1999. Annual Legumes to Replace Summer Fallow in Western North Dakota and Eastern Montana. 1999 Annual Meeting Abstracts. ASA/CSSA/SSSA. Pg. 105.

Progress 10/01/98 to 09/30/99

Outputs
Over one hundred experiments were conducted this year to 1) evaluate the performance and adaptation of new and old crop cultivars and 2) evaluate crop cultural practices that would potentially reduce inputs and/or increase crop production. Some of the crops tested, with average yields of all cultivars in kilograms per hectare in parenthesis, include: hard red winter wheat (4091), durum wheat (2740), hard red and hard white wheat (3307), 2-row and 6-row barley (3596), oats (2923), oil-type sunflower (1293), yellow and brown flax (1166), oleic and linoleic safflower (1968), Oriental, brown and yellow mustard (1819), Argentine and Polish canola (1458), crambe (2572), dry edible beans (1289), soybeans (659), lentils (2437), buckwheat (1092), corn grain (3019) and numerous other alternative crops. Some of these trials were regionally coordinated and involved cooperators from various Great Plains and Western States and Canada, while others involved NDSU plant breeders and other state research center agronomists. Cooperative research with Montana State University and Eastern Ag Research Center on safflower, HRW wheat, durum and potatoes is being conducted. Early generation cultivars are tested for agronomic traits and selections are made based on these tests. Semidwarf durum and daylength insensitive cultivars are being selected for performance under a sprinkler irrigation system and for non-traditional area production. Variety performance trials are conducted on the center and off station at six locations in Divide, Burke, McKenzie, Mountrail and Williams counties, to evaluate the agronomic performance of named varieties for the purpose of providing producers with information for variety selection. Ten crops including as many as 20 varieties are planted on conventionally tilled recrop and also planted into notill recrop for variety performance comparisons. Evaluation of durum seeding rates and spring wheat planting dates show that at least 2.47 million plants per hectare need to be planted to maximize yields, as does planting no later than May 15. Crop quality samples of many crops are gathered and submitted to Cereal Science and others at NDSU. Various herbicides and herbicide combinations were evaluated for weed control in both hard spring wheat and safflower. Seed treatments for control of and variety tolerance to common root rot in spring wheat were evaluated.

Impacts
Information gathered from these studies will help producers in northwest North Dakota and eastern Montana make management decisions. These decisions should produce many advantageous results including: reduced workload, improved soil characteristics, reduced erosion and greater economic return.

Publications

Bergman, J.W., N.R. Riveland, J.L.A. Eckhoff, J.A. Staricka, and G.T. Bradbury. 1999. 1998 Agricultural Research Update. NDSU Williston Research Ext. Center and MSU Eastern Ag Research Center. Regional Report No. 4. 46 pages.
Johnson, R.C., J.W. Bergman and C.R. Flynn. 1999. Oil and meal characteristics of core and non-core safflower accessions from the USDA collection. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 46:611-618.
Nalewaja, John D., James D. Harbour, Eric D. Ericksmoen, Brian Jenks and Neil Riveland. 1998. Wild oat control in wheat. North Central Weed Science Society Research Report. Vol. 55, pg. 78-80.

Progress 10/01/97 to 09/30/98

Outputs
Over one hundred experiments were conducted this year to 1) evaluate the performance and adaptation of new and old crop cultivars and 2) evaluate crop cultural practices that would potentially reduce inputs and/or increase crop production. Some of the crops tested, with average yields of all cultivars in kilograms per hectare in parenthesis, include: hard red winter wheat (3210), durum wheat (3089), hard red and hard white wheat (3390), 2-row and 6-row barley (4831), oats (3844), oil-type sunflower (1316), yellow and brown flax (1001), oleic and linoleic safflower (1317), Oriental, brown and yellow mustard (1515), Argentine and Polish canola (1345), crambe (1883), dry edible beans (642), soybeans (726), lentils (1601), buckwheat (176), corn grain (2629) and numerous other minor use crops. Some of these trials were regionally coordinated and involved cooperators from various Great Plains and Western States and Canada, while others involved NDSU plant breeders and other state research center agronomists. Cooperative research with Montana State University and Eastern Ag Research Center on safflower, HRW wheat and durum is being conducted. Early generation cultivars are tested for agronomic traits and selections are made based on these tests. Semidwarf durum cultivars are being selected for performance under a sprinkler irrigation system and for non-traditional area production. Variety performance trials are conducted on the center and off station at five locations in Divide, Burke, McKenzie and Mountrail counties, to evaluate the agronomic performance of named varieties for the purpose of providing producers with information for variety selection. Ten crops including as many as 20 varieties are planted on conventionally tilled recrop and also planted into notill recrop for variety performance comparisons. Evaluation of durum seeding rates and spring wheat planting dates show that at least 2.47 million plants per hectare need to be planted to maximize yields, as does planting no later than May 15. Crop quality samples of many crops are gathered and submitted to Cereal Science and others at NDSU. Various herbicides and herbicide combinations were evaluated for weed control in both hard spring wheat and safflower. Seed treatments for control of and variety tolerance to common root rot in spring wheat were evaluated.

Impacts
(N/A)

Publications

Bergman, J.W., Riveland, N.R., Eckhoff, J.L.A., Staricka, J.A. and Bradbury, G.T. 1998. "1997 Agricultural Research Update." NDSU Williston and MSU Eastern Ag Research Center. Regional Report No. 3. 32 pages.
Berglund, Duane R., Riveland, Neil and Bergman, Jerald. 1998. Safflower Production. NDSU Ext. Ser. Bull. A-870 (revised).