Progress 10/01/95 to 09/30/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: The PI retired and was on partial pay, and submitted a final report, and it never got submitted by the dept. PARTICIPANTS: Not relevant to this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
The PI retired and was on partial pay, and submitted a final report, and it never got submitted by the dept.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 10/01/03 to 09/30/04
Outputs
No progress to report.
Impacts
Offers an additional by-product from peanut production
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 10/01/02 to 09/30/03
Outputs
Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) (PHA) form biodegradable plastics and are commercially produced by bacteria. This study was undertaken to assess the feasability of harvesting PHA produced by Bradyrhizobium sp. from root nodules of peanuts and to characterize the polymer. The product is produced but the total amounts need to optimized to make this an economically feasible by-product of peanut harvesting.
Impacts
Offers an additional by-product from peanut production
Publications
- Purcino, HM, PM festin, and GH Elkan, 2001. Identification of Effective Stains of Bradyrhizobium for Arachis Pintoi. J. Trop. Agric.77, 226-231
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Progress 10/01/01 to 09/30/02
Outputs
Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates are polymers of 3-hydroxy organic acids which occur in a wide range of microorganisms including Brady rhizobia. These compounds have been shown useful as precurser for biodegradable plastics. This project was undertaken to assess the feasibility of harvesting PHA produced in the nodules of peanuts by rhizobia and characterize the polymer, and assess the economics of collecting this by-product of peanut processing.
Impacts
Optimizing PHA production as a by-product of peanut production may offer additional economic value to this crop.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 10/01/00 to 09/30/01
Outputs
Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) (PHA) form biodegradable plastics and are commercially produced by bacteria.This study was undertaken to assess the feasability of harvesting PHA produced by Bradyrhizobium sp. from root nodules of peanuts and to characterize the polymer. The product is produced but the total amounts need to optimized to make this an economically feasible by-product of peanut harvesting.
Impacts
offers an additional by-product from peanut production
Publications
- Purcino, HM,PM Festin, and GH Elkan .2001. Identification of Effective Strains of Bradyrhizobium for Arachis Pintoi. J. Trop. Agric.77,226-231.
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Progress 10/01/99 to 09/30/00
Outputs
poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) occur in a wide range of micororganisms, including Bradyrhizobium in the form of small granules. These polymers have been utilized as biodegradable plastics . This study was undertaken to assess the feasability of harvesting these polymers from the root nodules of peanuts as part of the normal harvesting. Four Bradyrhizobia and 3 peanut cultivars were tested in the field for polymer production. While bradyrhizobia in fact do produce polymer, at harvest time, the amount present does not warrant commercial collection of this product.
Impacts
Since roots are harvested during peanut harvest, the nodukles offer this plastic precurser as an additional income producing component.
Publications
- Purcino,H. M. and G. H. Elkan. 20001. identification of effective strains of Bradyrhizobium for Arachis pintoi. J. Trop. Agric. In Press.
- Kuykendall, L.D., F.M. Hashem, R. B. Datson, and G. H. Elkan.2000. Nitrogen Fixation. Encyclopedia of Microbiology. Academic Press. J. Lederberg and M. Alexander, eds. 3:392-406.
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Progress 01/01/99 to 12/31/99
Outputs
The absence of fertilizer has been cited as a major factor in shortfalls for meeting cereal consumption needs in Angola. The objective of this research is to introduce peanuts and optimize biological nitrogen fixation in a sustainable farming system. Five cultivars have been identified to date, and after initial screening a greenhouse trials isolates have been selected for broad high nitrogen fixation responses across cultivar lines as well as to heat and acid tolerance. Drought tolerant landraces of peanuts from Mexico are being field tested as are the rhizobium inoculants and recommended peanut cultivars. Expanded selections and field introduction in Angola have been obtained. Because of the civil war, field trials in Angola have not been completed.
Impacts
Cultivars and effective nitrogen fixing bacteria have been developed for farmer use in Angola. Unfortunately, to date, the field introductions have been limited due to recurring civil war.
Publications
- Purcino, H.M.A., Festin, P.M. and Elkan, G.H. 2000. Identification of effective strains of Bradyrhizobium for Arachis pintoi. J. Trop. Agric., in press
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Progress 01/01/98 to 12/31/98
Outputs
The absence of fertilizer has been cited as a major factor in shortfalls for meeting cereal consumption needs in Angola. The objective of this research is to introduce peanuts and optimize biological nitrogen fixation in a sustainable farming system. Five cultivars have been identified to date, and after initial screening in greenhouse trials isolates have been selected for broad high nitrogen fixation responses across cultivar lines as well as to heat and acid tolerance. Drought tolerant landraces of peanuts from Mexico are being field tested as are the rhizobium inoculants and recommended peanut cultivars. Expanded selections and field introduction in Angola are progressing.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Miller, T.B., Gillette, W.K., and G.H. Elkan. 1998. Review of Genetic Studies of the Rhizobium-Legume Symbiosis. In: A.I. Naguib, ed., Bio-Organic Farming Systems for Sustainable Agriculture. Inoge Pubs., Cairo. pp. 132-146.
- Purcino, H.M.A., Festin, P.M., and G.H. Elkan. 1998. Identification of Effective Strains of Bradyrhizobium for Arachis pintor. J. Trop. Agric. In press.
- Elkan, G.H., Gillette, W.K., and T.B. Miller. 1999. Methods, Isolation, Identification and Characterization of Nitrogen Fixation and Nodulation Genes from Bradyrhizobium sp. Arachis NC-92. In: A.I. Naguib, ed. Bio-organic Farming Systems in Sustainable Agriculture. Inoge Pubs., Cairo. pp. 103-131.
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Progress 01/01/97 to 12/31/97
Outputs
Poly (3-hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) as biodegradable plastics for a wide range of uses. Four Bradyrhizobium strains, NC92, NC92 nif- (a non- nitrogen fixing mutant), NC120 and 32H1 were tested in the glasshouse and three peanut cultivars NC7, NC9 and NC10c were tested in the field for polymer production. The PHA polymers observed were made of C4 and C3 3- hydroxyacids with C3 being predominate. Differences in both monomer composition and polymer abundance varied with Bradyrhizobium strain tested as well as peanut cultivar and harvest date.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- ELKAN, G.H. and UPCHURCH, R.G., eds. 1997. Advances in Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation. Kluwer Pubs. Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 250 pp.
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Progress 01/01/96 to 12/30/96
Outputs
(A) The main objective of this study is to determine the amount of the biopolymer PBH and PHA in nodules of growing peanuts and establish the feasibility of coharvesting this polymer as an additional crop for peanut farmers in North Carolina. (B) If this objective is successfully concluded, the Bradyrhizobia in our collection will be screened against selected peanut genotypes for optimizing pHB production. (C) Conditions required to produce optimal amounts of pHB will be determined. (D) If these three objectives are successfully completed, then a subsequent study will involve engineering the Bradyrhizobia to optimize production of the polymer without decreasing nitrogen fixation.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- URTZ, B.E. and ELKAN, G.H. 1996. Symbiotic Gene and overall genonic diversity among Bradyrhizobium effective with peanut Arachis hypogaea. Can. J. Microbiol. 42:1121-1130.
- GILLETTE, W.K. and ELKAN, G.H. 1996. Bradyrhizobium sp. (Arachis)N.
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