Progress 10/01/98 to 09/30/04
Outputs
Cultivars identified by this project as suitable for planting in Alabama can be categorized into 2 groups, low input and high input, with the intensity of chemical pest control the main distinguishing feature. After years of searching and evaluating, we list Jenkins, Syrup Mill, Elliott, Gafford, Carter and McMillan as suitable for low input. All but Elliott were first evaluated experimentally in our program. Jenkins, Syrup Mill, McMillan, and Gafford are pending release. For high input, we list Caddo, Cape Fear, Carter, Creek, Desirable, Elliott, Forkert, Gafford, Gloria Grande, Jenkins, McMillan, Moreland, Oconee, Osage, Pawnee, Stuart, and Surprize. Of these, we evaluated all, and Carter, Gafford, Jenkins, Gafford, and McMillan were first evaluated experimentally in our program. We were cooperators in the USDA release of Creek. In addition to these selections, data on hundreds of others is available, particularly on scab incidence, and will contribute to further
releases for many years. This project contributed to several cultural practices in use today by pecan growers. We conducted trials which helped to adapt mechanical pecan thinning to Alabama conditions. We established the importance and economic impact of aggressive weed control on performance of young pecan trees. We established that numerous mulches can be used to facilitate growth of young trees. Late season applications of fertilizer were shown to increase following season yields appreciably. A method of selective tree removal prior to on-years was shown to be a powerful tool in managing alternate bearing. Alternate bearing was controlled by a program involving selective tree removal, cultivar selection, late season fertilizer, use of systemic insecticides, mechanical crop thinning, and proper irrigation. Improvements were made in methods for graftwood storage, and the cumbersome practice of sealing cut ends of graftwood sticks was shown to be unnecessary in Alabama.
Impacts
We expect that this project will have a bearing on changes in the Southeastern pecan industry regarding cultivar use. Lower scab incidence would be the major advantage of the cultivars we are recommending. Improvement in grafting procedures will increase availability of more resistant cultivars and profit for nurserymen. A substantial reduction in alternate bearing will be achieved as growers adopt an approach including practices researched in this project, including selective tree removal prior to "on" years, late fertilizer, mechanical crop thinning, and use of systemic insecticides in on years.
Publications
- Nesbitt, Monte, Goff, William D., Hale, Trent, Thompson, Tommy, Reynolds, Katherine L., and O'barr, R.D. 1996. Screening 147 pecan cultivars for scab resistance. Proc. Se Pecan Growers Assoc. 89:90-97.
- Thompson, Tommy, Goff, William, D., O'barr, R. D., Worley, Ray, Wood, Bruce, and Nesbitt, Monte. 1996. The latest USDA pecan releases. Proc. SE Pecan Growers Assoc. 89:180-184.
- Goff, Bill, and C. Browne. 2004. A method of dealing with overcrowded orchards. Proc. Southeastern Pecan Growers Assoc. 97:77-82.
- Goff, Bill. 2004. An orchard design for early harvest, less pests, high yields. Pecan South 37(1):4.
- Goff, W. D., M. L. Nesbitt, and C. L. Browne. 2003. Incidence of scab and foliage condition on pecan cultivars grown without fungicide or insecticide sprays in a humid region. HortTechnology. 13(2): 381-384.
- Goff, Bill, M. Nesbitt, and C. Browne. 2003. Late-season fertilizer increases return crop in pecans. Proc. Southeastern Pecan Growers Assoc. 96:75-79.
- Nesbitt, M.L., W. D. Goff, and L. A. Stein. 2002. Effect of scionwood packing moisture and cut-end sealing on pecan graft success. HortTechnology. 12(2)257-260.
- Nesbitt, M. L., W. D. Goff. 2002. Pecan culture review. Proc. Southeastern Pecan Growers Assoc 95:88-91.
- Wood, B., W. Goff, and M. Nesbitt. 2002. Pecans and hurricanes. HortScience 36(2):253-25.
- Goff, W., M. Nesbitt, and C. Browne. 2001. Late season fertilization: an exciting new development for the pecan industry. Proc. SE Pecan Growers. Assoc. 94:91-93.
- Goff, W. D., R. H. Mullenax and F. P. Rasberry, Boyett Graves, Monte Nesbitt, P.J. Conner. 2000. The 'Jenkins' pecan. Proc. Southeastern Pecan Growers Assoc. 93:89-94.
- Nesbitt, Monte, Bill Goff, Bruce Wood. 2000. Pecan orchard management for hurricane-prone areas. Proc. Southeastern Pecan Growers Assoc 93:106-11. Foshee, Wheeler G., William D. Goff, Michael G. Patterson, Kenneth M. Tilt, W. Alfred Dozier, Jr., Laura S. Tucker and James S. Bannon. 1999. Organic mulches affect soil and leaf nutrient levels of young pecan trees. J. of Arboriculture 25(2): 81-84.
- Goff, Bill. 1999. Three keys to success with low input pecan management. Pecan Grower 11(2)17.
- Foshee, Wheeler G., Goff, William D., Tilt, K.M., Williams, J. D., Bannon, J.S. And Witt, J.B. 1996. Organic mulch increase growth of young pecan trees. HortScience 31(5):811-81.
- Foshee, Wheeler, G., Patterson, Michael G., Goodman, Robert, and Goff, William D. 1996. Weed control yield and economic returns from young Desirable pecan trees. Proc. Se Pecan Growers Assoc. 89:160-167.
- Goff, William D., Bailey, Jack, Bertrand, Paul, Brenneman, Tim, Reynolds, Katherine, Sparks, Darrell, and Stevenson, Tom. 1996. Control of pecan scab - a panel discussion. Proc. Se Pecan Growers Assoc. 89:132-153.
|
Progress 01/01/03 to 12/31/03
Outputs
The 2003 season was rainy and scab incidence was high. This provided an excellent opportunity to evaluate clones for scab resistance, and about 50 selections previously exhibiting little scab were eliminated following increased incidence this season. We continue to recommend the standard cultivar Elliott and 5 promising selections: Gafford, Syrup Mill, McMillan, Jenkins, and Carter as cultivars with good scab resistance and favorable horticultural traits. A new addition will be selection HQ2-4, which has consistently produced good yields and high quality, and has exhibited good scab resistance and foliage retention. In an experiment at Fairhope evaluating selections for low input plantings, 12 selections (Adams 2, Mount, Prilop, Register, HQ2-4, Pippin 99-4, Carter, Syrup Mill, Oliver 3, Seminole, Jenkins, and Gafford were statistically the same in scab incidence as the resistant control Elliott. Two selections, GRE 29-1 and McMillan, had higher incidence than
Elliott. All test selections had lower incidence than the susceptible control, Desirable. We continue to obtain increased yields the following season as a result of applying fertilizer in August or September of on-crop years. In an experiment on Elliott, trees receiving 50 lbs./tree of 13-13-13 plus micronutrients on September 21, 2002, produced 923 lbs. per acre in the following off-crop year, compared to only 166 lbs. per acre for trees treated similarly but not receiving the September application. We conducted a series of experiments to improve grafting success on whip-grafted trees. Use of a heating cable to warm the graft union site to 80-90 degrees F. improved grafting success.
Impacts
We expect that this projec will have a bearing on changes in the Southeastern pecan industry regarding cultivar use. Lower scab incidence would be the major advantage of the cultivars we are recommending. Improvement in grafting procedures will increase availability of more resistant cultivars and profit for nurserymen. A substantial reduction in alternate bearing will be achieved as growers adopt an approach including practices researched in this project, including selective tree removal prior to "on" years, late fertilizer, mechanical crop thinning, and use of systemic insecticides in on years.
Publications
- Goff, W. D., M. L. Nesbitt, and C. L. Browne. 2003. Incidence of scab and foliage condition on pecan cultivars grown without fungicide or insecticide sprays in a humid region. HortTechnology. 13(2): 381-384.
- Goff, Bill, M. Nesbitt, and C. Browne. 2003. Late-season fertilizer increases return crop in pecans. Proc. Southeastern Pecan Growers Association. 96:75-79.
|
Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02
Outputs
Experiments to determine the effects of late season fertilization on pecan yield, quality, and return bloom were continued and expanded in an commercial orchard in Lowndesboro. The major new finding was that fertilizing pecan trees in August-October can significantly increase return crop and reduce alternate bearing. Additional testing at multiple sites has resulted in the decision to pursue release of 3 pecan cultivars, pending additional years of yield evaluations: Jenkins, McMillan, and Syrup Mill. Jenkins appears to be a superior selection to any existing pecan cultivar in the Southeast, as it has outstanding pest tolerance combined with excellent quality nuts. McMillan is highly resistant to scab, and has outstanding yields with moderate-good kernel quality. Syrup Mill is a highly resistant extremely vigorous tree best-suited for home plantings or in low input orchards, as kernel percentage may be too low for commercial competitiveness. Following continued
screening of hundreds of pecan clones for pest resistance and foliage retention in replicated trials, and following limited observations of nut quality and yield potential, the following clones are suggested for trial plantings for low input orchards in the Southeast: Jenkins, McMillan, Syrup Mill, Carter, and Gafford. We continued a research evaluation of low input pecans in cooperation with Byrd's Riverbend Farm in Lowndes County. Maintained trees in new cultivar trial at Gulf Coast Substation, which were propagated in spring of 2000. This low-input test will be the most extensive of its kind in the United States. Established a new experiment at Fairhope to evaluate pecan selections for high input orchards. Selections include B34050-27, B32054-9, Barraza 122-4, Barraza128-3, Bond 11, Cherryle, Gafford, GRE 29-1, HDQ 2-2, HDQ 2-4, HDQ 98-1, Jenkins, Littlepage, McMillan, PC 17, Shotts, Wingate 2, and Woodside, mostly outstanding variety seedlings from the Southeast.
Impacts
Pecans are becoming more difficult to grow profitably. Better and more resistant varieties are needed, and cultural practices that are more economical and environmentally sound are necessary. The purpose f this project is to make pecan production more profitable in the Southeast, by developing and selecting better cultivars and by developing more efficient management strategies.
Publications
- Nesbitt, M.L., W. D. Goff, and L. A. Stein. 2002. Effect of scionwood packing moisture and cut-end sealing on pecan graft success. Hort Technology. 12(2)257-260.
- Nesbitt, M. L., W. D. Goff. 2002 Pecan culture review. Proc. Southeastern Pecan Growers Association 95:88-91.
|
Progress 01/01/01 to 12/31/01
Outputs
After very promising results from an initial experiment on late-season fertilizer application to pecans, where the following year's yield was approximately doubled where late fertilizer was applied, we have expanded our research in this area. We have ongoing experiments to attempt to verify the early results and to more precisely determine the correct timing, nutrients, and rates. In the Low-Input Headquarters Block, at E. V. Smith Research Center, we eliminated the following clones due to scab incidence, or poor foliage conditions, or unacceptable nut quality: Adams 5, Adams 6, B32057-59, B33037-39, B3304-35, Barraza 37-1, Barraza 66-20, Barton, Dozier Seedling, GRE 15-12, Lineberger, Nacono, Schutz 1, Stockbauger, and USDA 49-6-75. We are accumulating yield data for release of McMillan, Syrup Mill and Gafford, which are among the best clones we have evaluated for low-input conditions. We are establishing a new high input pecan cultivar trial at Fairhope using a
number of promising selections we have identified. Among them are B34050-27, B32054-59, Barraza 122-4, Barraza 128-3, Bond 11, Cherryle, Gafford, GRE 29-1, HDQ 2-2, HDQ 2-4, HDQ 98-1, Jenkins, Littlepage, McMillan, PC 17, Shotts, Wingate 2, and Woodside.
Impacts
Pecans are becoming more difficult to grow profitably. Better and more resistant varieties are needed, and cultural practices that are more economical and environmentally sound are necessary. The purpose f this project is to make pecan production more profitable in the Southeast, by developing and selecting better cultivars and by developing more efficient management strategies.
Publications
- Wood, B., W. Goff, and M. Nesbitt. 2001. Pecans and hurricanes. HortScience 36(2):253-25.
- Goff, W., M. Nesbitt, and C. Browne. 2001. Late season fertilization: an exciting new development for the pecan industry. Proc. SE Pecan Growers. Assoc. 91:93.
|
Progress 01/01/00 to 12/31/00
Outputs
Initial results from a series of experiments on the effects of unconventional late-season applications of fertilizer were very encouraging. Return crop from 16-year-old Cape Fear trees fertilized on August 1 was 1414 lbs./acre, approximately double the crop of 711 lbs./ acre from trees receiving no late-season fertilizer. No detrimental effects from the late applications were noticed. We are expanding our research in this area. We continued evaluating pecan selections for scab resistance and for adaptability to Southeastern conditions with low input management. In the Headquarters Block, Low-Input Block, and High-Input Block at E. V. Smith Research Center, we eliminated the following clones due to scab incidence or poor foliage conditions, or unacceptable nut quality: Buchel 1, GRE 17-7, Mississippi 10, Salado and USDA selections, 82-17-1316, 88-7-11, and 88-15-26. In the low-input experiment at E. V. Smith, where clones are evaluated under minimal spraying, we are
propagating trees to be added of promising selections Adams 1, Adams 2, Adams 5, Amling, Carter, Farley, Gafford, Gloria Grande, GRE 14-20, GRE 29-1, HDQ 2-4, Joe Wright, Kanza, Miss L, Mount, Oliver 3, PC 17, Pippin 99-4, Pippin 99-5, Prilop, and Seminole. In the high-input study simulating high intensity commercial management, we are propagating trees to be added of Barraza 19-1, Caddo, B32054-59, Shotts, Nacono, B34050-27, Barraza 64-14, and Barraza 16-14. We are accumulating yield data for release of Jenkins, McMillan, and Syrup Mill, which are among the best clones we have evaluated for low-input conditions.
Impacts
Pecans are becoming more difficult to grow profitably. Better and more resistant varieties are needed, and cultural practices that are more economical and environmentally sound are necessary. The purpose of this project is to make pecan production more profitable in the Southeast, by developing and selecting better cultivars and by developing more efficient management strategies.
Publications
- Goff, W. D., R. H. Mullenax and F. P. Rasberry, Boyett Graves, Monte Nesbitt, P.J. Conner. 2000. The 'Jenkins' Pecan. Proc. Southeastern Pecan Growers Association 93:89-94.
- Nesbitt, Monte, Bill Goff, Bruce Wood. 2000. Pecan Orchard Management for Hurricane-Prone Areas. Proc. Southeastern Pecan Growers Association 93:106-111.
|
Progress 01/01/99 to 12/31/99
Outputs
We continued evaluating pecan selections for scab resistance and for adaptability to Southeastern conditions with low input management. In the Headquarters Block at the E. V. Smith Research Center, we eliminated the following clones due to scab incidence or poor foliage condition, or unacceptable nut quality: B3400795, B3405027, B4027112, B4038153, Bond11, Creek, Dan Wheeler, Esneul, GRE28_3, HDQ_7, HDQ2_1, HDQ2_5, HDQ98_3, HDQ98_5, Houma, Jenkins2, Pawnee, PC11, PC42, Round Jackson, Strother Fence, Sumner, Tinker, and USDA selections 82-17-1614, 70-3-34, 82-15-9, 88-11-21, 88-14-2, 88-15-26, and 88-6-13. In the low-input experiment at E. V. Smith, where clones are evaluated under minimal spraying, we added trees of promising selections Adams-5, Buchel-1, GRE-14-20, GRE-29-1, Lineberger, Oliver-3, PC-17, Schutz-1, Seminole, and USDA selections 88-6-286 and 88-7-11. In a high-input study simulating high-intensity commercial management, we added trees of
B3405027,Bond-11, Schutz-1, Seminole, Shotts, Syrup Mill, Zinner, and USDA 48_13_311. We are preparing data for release of Jenkins, McMillan, and Syrup Mill, which are among the best clones we have evaluated for low input conditions. In the initial year of an experiment conducted to evaluate effects of late-season fertilizer applications on pecan yield, quality and return crop, preliminary observations suggested that kernel grades were improved by fertilizer applications in September or October.
Impacts
Pecans are becoming more difficult to grow profitably. Better and more resistant varieties are needed, and cultural practices that are more economical and environmentally sound are necessary. The purpose of this project is to make pecan production more profitable in the Southeast, by developing and selecting better cultivars, and by developing more efficient management strategies.
Publications
- Foshee, Wheeler G., William D. Goff, Michael G. Patterson, Kenneth M. Tilt, W. Alfred Dozier, Jr., Laura S. Tucker and James S. Bannon. 1999. Organic mulches affect soil and leaf nutrient levels of young pecan trees. J. of Arboriculture 25(2): 81-84.
- Goff, Bill. 1999. Three keys to success with low input pecan management. Pecan Grower 11(2)17.
|
Progress 09/01/94 to 09/30/98
Outputs
We continued evaluating pecan selections for scab resistance and for adaptability to Southeastern conditions with low input management. In the Headquarters Block at the E. V. Smith Research Center, we eliminated the following clones due to scab incidence or poor foliage condition, or unacceptable nut quality: Leander, Shotts, Girrod, PeCou 2, Gwen, Richard, Adams 4, Matthew Strother, Scarbough, Forey, Dixie, R39T4, 87-1-16, 72-6-9, and USDA selections 74-5-60, 86-3-627, 88-1-371, 88-1-195, 89-11-3, 74-5-55,87-1-16, and 72-6-9. In the Low Input experiment at E. V. Smith, where clones are evaluated under minimal spraying, we added trees of promising selections Adams 2, Barton, Colchicine 2, Carter, Deakle's Special, Esneul, Farley, Gafford, Hughes, Jenkins, Lineberger, McMillan, Miss L, Mount, Prilop, Register, Strother-Fence, Syrup Mill, Kanza, and USDA selections 82-17-1614, 48-3-33, 82-17-680, 70-3-34, 77-21-3, 87-1-16, 88-7-11, and 89-10-7. We are preparing data for
release of Jenkins, McMillan, and Syrup Mill, whcih are among the best clones we have evaluated for low input conditions.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Goff , W. D., M. Nesbitt R. Mullenax , F. Rasberry, and B. Graves. 1998. Pest resistant cultivars as a way to reduce input costs. Proc. 3rd National Pecan Scientists Workshop.
- Goff, Bill., and L. Dempsey. 1998. Thinning a pecan crop to ensure quality and annual production. Proc. La.-Miss. Pecan Growers Annual Meeting. 12-0 to 12-2.
- Goff , W. D., M. Nesbitt R. Mullenax , F. Rasberry, and B. Graves. 1998. Pest resistant cultivars as a way to reduce input costs. Proc. SE Pecan Growers Ann. Conv. 91:.
|
Progress 01/01/97 to 12/31/97
Outputs
We continued collection and screening of pecan clones for resistance to scab, for foliage retention, and for horticultural traits. In one experiment in Lowndes County in central Alabama, a 130-acre orchard was topworked to 10 advanced selections, and approximately 50 trees of each clone were rated in October, 1997. Stem scab ratings were 512 lesions per foot of shoot for the Cape fear control, and as follows for the test selections: PeCou II 78, McMillan 66, Dixie 65, Creek 21, Tinker 16, Esneul 13, Hughes 0.2, Barton 0, Syrup Mill 0, and "Jenkins 1" 0. Scarbough, which was previously in the experiment, was eliminated following excessive scab in 1996. PeCou II will not be topworked further, at the request of the grower cooperator, because of excessive scab. In another experiment at the E. V. Smith Research Center in central Alabama, 345 clones were screened for scab resistance. Of these, 42 exhibited no stem scab lesions in 1997. The following clones were eliminated
from further consideration due to excessive scab: USDA 86-2-2658, 88-1-195, 88-1-81, 88-1-195, 72-2-9, 88-1-106, 88-1-134, 88-6-13, 88-14-26, 79-9-25, 82-17-1070, 82-17-587, 88-1-39, 88-1-96, 88-14-39, 88-1-371, 88-10-273, 88-1-177, 88-11-21, 86-4-124, 88-10-287, 82-17-1316, 88-1-257, 88-1-71, 87-2-63, 72-6-12, 88-10-265, 82-15-9, 81-6-100; Kiowa, 4x, Cherryle, Fleharty, Custom, Harris Super, Mims, C15-62, Shotts, Bond 10, Salado, Forey, Stubbs, Francis, Pecou 2, Grace, and Bond 11. In a cooperative experiment with the Truck Crops Experimentation at Crystal Springs, Mississippi, 20 clones were evaluated for scab, foliage retention, yield, and nut quality. Of the 20, a clone tested as Alabama Jenkins (syn,. Jenkins 1, Jenkins) appeared most promising, having good yield and nut quality, and the least scab in the experiment. We believe this clone, which we will refer to as Jenkins, is outstanding, and worthy of consideration for release. At this time, we believe that Jenkins, Esneul,
McMillan, Tinker, Syrup Mill, and Prilop are among the most promising clones we have evaluated for low input pecan production in the Southeast.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Foshee, W.G., R. W. Goodman, M. G. Patterson, W. D. Goff, and W. A. Dozier. 1997. Weed Control increases yield and economic returns from young Desirable pecan trees. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 122(4):588-593.
- Foshee, W.G., R. L. Raper, W. D. Goff, and M. G. Patterson. 1997. Orchard floor practices affect soil compaction around young pecan trees. HortScience 32(5):871-873.
- Thompson, T. E., W. D. Goff, M. L. Nesbitt, R. E. Worley, R. D. OBarr, and B. W. Wood. 1997. Creek pecan. Hortscience 32(1): 141-143.
- Nesbitt, M. L., W. D. Goff, and N. R. McDaniel. 1997. Performance of 14 pecan genotypes in south Alabama. Fruit Varieties Journal 51(3) 176-182.
- Goff, W. D. M. L. Nesbitt, R. D. OOBarr, Bruce Wood, T. Thompson, and F. Killebrew. 1997. Pest resistant pecans for trial plantings in the Southeast. Proc. SE Pecan Growers. 90:98-102.
|
Progress 01/01/96 to 12/30/96
Outputs
Following screening of approximately 200 pecan clones for pest resistance and foliage retention in replicated trials, and following limited observations, mostly from the parent trees, of nut quality and yield potential, the following clones are suggested for trial plantings for low input orchards in the Southeast: McMillan, Tinker, Jenkins 1, Pointe Coupee II, Dixie, Esneul, Creek and Barton. The cultivar Creek was released to provide an early and high yielding temporary tree to increase per acre production early in the life of an orchard. Creek has been shown to produce high yields of moderate quality on small trees, and to respond to mechanical thinning which reduces detrimental effects of overbearing. It has moderate scab resistance. Young pecan trees were mulched with five materials leaves (mixed from various hardwoods), grass clippings, chipped limbs (mixed from pines and various hardwoods), pine straw, or pine bark nuggets. These were applied to a depth of 0, 4,
8, or 12 inches around each tree. Two checks were established -- one having no mulch but with weeds controlled by herbicides, and a second with sod allowed to grow to the tree trunk. The mulched trees on average were 30% larger in trunk cross-sectional area than those without a mulch after 3 years of growth in the orchard. Results indicated that any of the yard waste mulches increased the growth of the young pecan trees when compared to the unmulched checks.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- FOSHEE, WHEELER G., GOFF, WILLIAM D., TILT, K.M., WILLIAMS, J. D., BANNON, J.S. and WITT, J.B. 1996. Organic mulch increase growth of young pecan trees. HortScience 31(5):811-812.
- FOSHEE, WHEELER, G., PATTERSON, MICHAEL G., GOODMAN, ROBERT, and GOFF, WILLIAM D. 1996. Weed control yield and economic returns from young desirable pecan trees. Proc. SE Pecan Growers Assoc. 89:160-167.
- GOFF, WILLIAM D., BAILEY, JACK, BERTRAND, PAUL, BRENNEMAN, TIM, REYNOLDS, KATHERINE, SPARKS, DARREL, and STEVENSON, TOM. 1996. Control of pecan scab - a panel discussion. Proc. SE Pecan Growers Assoc. 89:132-153.
- NESBITT, MONTE, GOFF, WILLIAM D., HALE, TRENT, THOMPSON, TOMMY, REYNOLDS, KATHERINE L., and O'BARR, R.D. 1996. Screening 147 pecan cultivars for scab resistance. Proc. SE Pecan Growers Assoc. 89:90-97.
- THOMPSON, TOMMY, GOFF, WILLIAM, D., O'BARR, R. D., WORLEY, RAY, WOOD, BRUCE, and NESBITT, MONTE. 1996. The latest USDA pecan releases. Proc. SE Pecan Growers Assoc. 89:180-184.
|
Progress 01/01/95 to 12/30/95
Outputs
Screening of 150 pecan selections for pest tolerance indicated several with a high degree of resistance to scab, and with low incidence of black aphids and high foliage retention. Selections in the best grouping included USDA clones 58-4-61 (a sib of Houma), 88-6-206, and 89-10-7, and others, mostly Southeastern seedling selections, Scarbough, PSV 37, Calchicine 2, Curtis, Jenkins 2, Dixie, Buchel 1, Zinner, Mississippi 10, and Gafford. A follow-up screening of previously selected clones, showed that Tinker, Dixie, Deakle's Special, Carter, Houma, Syrup Mill, Mississippi 10, McMillan, Carole Leigh, USDA 82-17-1316, Zinner, Esneul, and Melrose still exhibited very low scab incidence, while scab incidence had increased to a moderate level on Forey, Elliott, Hughes, Salado, USDA 82-17-680 and USDA 70-3-34, and scab had increased to an unacceptable levels on USDA 72-6-12 and USDA 85-3-397.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
|
|