Source: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS submitted to
ENABLING PESTICIDE REGISTRATIONS FOR SPECIALTY CROPS AND MINOR USES
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
TERMINATED
Funding Source
HATCH
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0163694
Grant No.
(N/A)
Project No.
CA-D-ETX-5789-RR
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
NRSP-4
Program Code
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2010
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2015
Grant Year
(N/A)
Project Director
Tjeerdema, RO.
Recipient Organization
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS
410 MRAK HALL
DAVIS,CA 95616-8671
Performing Department
Environmental Toxicology
Non Technical Summary
The overall goal of the Inter-regional Research Project #4 (IR-4) program is to facilitate the provision of safe, effective and economical pest management solutions for growers of minor/specialty crops. In California and the Western region, there are pest management needs for a large number of specialty crops and an extensive ornamental industry. The emergence of invasive pests, chemical resistance, and the loss of older compounds makes new chemical registrations vital to California's multi-billion dollar specialty crop agriculture. In California, specialty crops dominate. For example, California is the sole producer (99% or more) of a large number of specialty crops including almonds, clingstone peaches, figs, and walnuts. In 2004, California's total gross cash income from agriculture was $31.8 billion of which approx. 70% was derived from specialty crops.The three core objectives of the IR-4 program are 1) to assist with regulatory clearances for crop protection agents, particularly lower risk chemicals, on minor/specialty food crops 2) to support research to enhance the development and registration of bio-pesticides and 3) to support research on crop protection products that will expand their uses on ornamental crops. The Western Region IR-4 program is housed at UC Davis and is comprised of an analytical laboratory, a field research office and a quality assurance unit to support GLP compliance requirements for pesticide registration. Field research sites are throughout California and other Western region States. Input is solicited from stakeholders (Growers, Commodity groups, Cooperative Extension specialists and farm advisers, State Liaison Representatives) to assist with prioritization of projects particularly those that use lower risk chemicals and are compatible with IPM approaches.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
(N/A)
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
7112410200025%
2135220114025%
2125220112025%
2115220113025%
Knowledge Area
212 - Pathogens and Nematodes Affecting Plants; 711 - Ensure Food Products Free of Harmful Chemicals, Including Residues from Agricultural and Other Sources; 211 - Insects, Mites, and Other Arthropods Affecting Plants; 213 - Weeds Affecting Plants;

Subject Of Investigation
2410 - Cross-commodity research--multiple crops; 5220 - Pesticides;

Field Of Science
1120 - Nematology; 1130 - Entomology and acarology; 2000 - Chemistry; 1140 - Weed science;
Goals / Objectives
The goal of the Inter-regional Research Project #4 (IR-4) is to provide safe and effective pest management solutions for specialty crops. This program represents a partnership between the land grant universities, cooperative extension, and specialty crop growers and is comprised of field, laboratory and quality assurance units. Pesticide residue data for new crop chemical registrations is generated under Good Laboratory Practice(GLP) guidelines. IR-4 focuses on next generation "lower risk" pesticides that effectively control disruptive pests without adverse effects on the environment. The program has substantially increased in size since it's inception in 1963 and currently IR-4 data is used to support more than 50% of the EPA registrations for new uses of existing pesticides. The USDA IR-4 program is a national program comprised of 6 units: HQ (housed at Rutgers, NJ), 4 regions (North Central, North East, Southern and Western) and an A.R.S. group. The Western region activities are coordinated from U.C. Davis. As outlined by USDA the three core objectives of the IR-4 program are: 1) To obtain and maintain regulatory clearances of effective crop protection agents for high-value, minor/specialty food crops and for minor uses on major food crops with special emphasis on lower risk chemicals and uses that are compatible with Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs. 2) To support research to enhance the development and registration of bio-pesticides for use in food and non-food use pest management programs and 3) To support research on crop protection products that will expand their uses on ornamental crops (nursery, floral, turf, and other non-food crop systems) to allow management of new and important pest species. The project provides data for registration of pesticides on specialty crops and for minor uses in major crops. Uses in ornamental crops are also addressed and research is conducted with bio-pesticides. Routinely, there are approx 200 magnitude of residue food use field trials carried out at 11 field research sites during any one season. The IR-4 bio-pesticide grants program supports 4-8 bio-pesticide research projects in the West. For ornamentals, 10-12 projects are supported. The WR Analytical Laboratory generally performs analysis for up to 160 trials. All projects are carried out under Good Laboratory Practice guidelines with oversight from the Western Region Quality Assurance Unit.The growers of specialty crops and the ornamental industry are the beneficiaries of the research. This target group encompasses not only state and regional growers but also growers nationally. Consumers also derive a significant benefit from this research as they are provided with safe, high quality produce and ornamental plants. The pest management needs for specialty crops and the ornamental industry would go unanswered in the absence of a program such as IR-4.
Project Methods
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requires rigorous data packages for registration of pesticides and establishment of tolerances on food and feed crops. It is critical that this work is conducted in a manner that follows set regulatory guidelines so that the packages are acceptable to EPA and tolerances can be set. IR-4 has developed an extensive infrastructure which has qualified researchers, analysts and quality assurance professionals to conduct this work efficiently and effectively in support of specialty crops. The IR-4 program operates as a partnership between the State Agricultural Experiment Stations, USDA-ARS and USDA-NIFA with the goal of giving growers access to important pest management tools. Coordination and management of the National program is accomplished through the IR-4 Project Management Committee (PMC). This committee is comprised of the IR-4 Project Executive Director, the four Regional Directors, the ARS National Director, the five Administrative Advisers (1 each from the four regions, and the ARS administration), the NIFA National Program Leader for IR-4, and the Chair of the Commodity Liaison Committee(CLC). Long-term policy, coordination and integration are provided by the IR-4 PMC. The status of ongoing programs are reviewed, policy and procedures are developed, operational budgets are set, strategic plans are developed, and the overall goals and accomplishments of the program are reviewed. The CLC ensures that IR-4 continues to serve stakeholders by addressing highly relevant pest management needs. IR-4 research flows from stakeholder input through prioritization, field trials and measurement of residues to EPA submission. Input on prioritization of IR-4 research is sought from the commodity groups, growers, agricultural extensions specialists and farm advisers as well as from IR-4 Liaison Representatives from each State. Prioritization of research is achieved by a consensus mechanism organized around the Food Use Workshop (FUW) for pesticides on food use crops and the Ornamental Workshop for pesticides on ornamental horticultural crops. Once priorities have been established, trials are assigned to the regional field and laboratory groups at the National Research Planning Meeting (NRPM) and research protocols developed. All research in the Food Use Program (designed to address Objective 1) is carried out using Good Laboratory Practices (GLP) and is subject to review by Quality Assurance Units (QAU). At the completion of the studies and within a 24-36 month time line, IR-4 HQ assembles and submits a petition for registration to EPA. IR-4 maximizes efficiencies by coordinating and bundling registration packages within manufacturer and EPA time lines. The IR-4 bio-pesticide program is a grants program. Grants applications are solicited annually and a proportion are funded after peer review. One of the measures of the success of the IR-4 program is the number of food use clearances obtained for pesticides on specialty crops. Over the previous 10 years, output has increased by approx 5 fold from 200 to 1000 clearances indicating the continuing need for and success of the program.

Progress 10/01/10 to 09/30/15

Outputs
Target Audience:This program is designed to support the production of safe, high quality specialty crops (primarily fruits and vegetables) and in doing so this program supports the specialty crop producers, as well as the US consumer in an effort to provide affordable high quality fruits and vegetables. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Residue Chemistry and GLP Webinars available on the following website: http://wrir4.ucdavis.edu/events/Webinars/default.html EPA/IR-4 Technical Working Group Conference Calls; Western Region IR-4 State Liaison Representative and Commodity Representative Meeting; USDA IR-4 Food Use Workshop; USDA IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Workshop; USDA IR-4 National Research Planning Meeting; Various meetings with specialty crop commodities including (California Specialty Crops Council MRL Workshop, EPA Biopesticide Ag Tour, Western IPM Center Advisory Committee, California Leafy Greens Meeting, California Specialty Crops Council Ag Tour, Californis Walnut Growers, IPM Symposium) How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Emails, website updates, newsletters http://wrir4.ucdavis.edu/default.html http://ir4.rutgers.edu/index.html What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continue working with our collaborating researchers to complete projects assigned.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Objective 1) Food Use Program: In 2015, the Western Region IR-4 Center, completed 158 of 167, 2014 residue field trials and completed 21 of 187, 2015 field trials. The remainder of the field trials are currently being completed and can be reviewed and progress referenced at: http://wrir4.ucdavis.edu/FoodUse/default.html or on the National IR-4 website at: http://ir4app.rutgers.edu/ir4FoodPub/fullSearch.aspx. The Laboratory completed sample analyses from 79 field studies. The Quality Assurance Unit completed 198 inspections and audits. Objective 2) Biopesticide Program: There are 7 biopesticide grants in progress in the Western Region from 2014 funding and 9 biopesticide grants in progress from 2015 funding. They can be referenced at the following websites: http://wrir4.ucdavis.edu/OrnamentalBio/BiopesticideProgram.shtml or at a National level at: http://ir4app.rutgers.edu/biopestPub/grantFundedProj.aspx (2014 and prior) or http://ir4app.rutgers.edu/biopestPub/pnnProjects.aspx (2015 and later) Objective 3) Ornamental Horticultural Program completed 128 of 157 ornamental trials from the 2014 work plan and 44 of 154 trials from the 2015 work plan. The remaining trials from the 2014 and 2015 workplans are in progress or being completed. These can be referenced at the following Western Region site under Ornamental Program: http://wrir4.ucdavis.edu/OrnamentalBio/OrnProgramMain.shtml or at the National Site at: http://ir4.rutgers.edu/Ornamental/OrnamentalsFull.cfm

Publications


    Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14

    Outputs
    Target Audience: This program is designed to support the production of safe, high quality specialty crops (primarily fruits and vegetables) and in doing so this program supports the specialty crop producers, as well as the US consumer in an effort to provide affordable high quality fruits and vegetables. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Residue Chemistry and GLP Webinars available on the following website: http://wrir4.ucdavis.edu/events/Webinars/default.html EPA/IR-4 Technical Working Group Conference Calls Western Region IR-4 State Liaison Representative and Commodity Representative Meeting USDA IR-4 Food Use Workshop USDA IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Workshop USDA IR-4 National Research Planning Meeting Various meetings with specialty crop commodities including (California Specialty Crops Council MRL Workshop, IUPAC Ag Tour, Practical and Applied MRLs Workshop, Western IPM Center Advisory Committee, California Fig Meeting, Oregon Specialty Crops Outreach Day, California Specialty Crops Council Ag Tour, Western Plant Health Regulatory Meeting) How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Email lists; website updates; newsletters What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Continue working with our collaborating researchers to complete projects assigned.

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? Objective 1) Food Use Program: In 2014, the Western Region IR-4 Center, completed 129 of 154, 2013 residue field trials and completed 12 of 172, 2014 field trials. The remainder of the field trials are currently being completed and can be reviewed and progress referenced at: http://wrir4.ucdavis.edu/FoodUse/default.html or on the National IR-4 website at: http://ir4app.rutgers.edu/ir4FoodPub/fullSearch.aspx. The Laboratory completed sample analyses from over 100 field studies. The Quality Assurance Unit completed 176 inspections and audits. Objective 2) Biopesticide Program: There are 9 biopesticide grants in progress in the Western Region from 2013 funding and 8 biopesticide grants in progress from 2014 funding. They can be referenced at the following websites: http://wrir4.ucdavis.edu/OrnamentalBio/default.shtml or at a National level at: http://ir4app.rutgers.edu/biopestPub/grantFundedProj.aspx Objective 3) Ornamental Horticultural Program completed 173 ornamental trials from the 2013 work plan and 67 of 167 trials from the 2014 work plan. The remaining trials from teh 2014 workplan are in progress or being completed. These can be referenced at the following Western Region site under Ornamental Program: http://wrir4.ucdavis.edu/OrnamentalBio/default.shtml or at the National Site at: http://ir4.rutgers.edu/ornamentals.html

    Publications


      Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13

      Outputs
      Target Audience: This program is designed to support the production of safe, high quality specialty crops (primarily fruits and vegetables) and in doing so this program supports the specialty crop producers, as well as the US consumer in an effort to provide affordable high quality fruits and vegetables. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Residue Chemistry and GLP Webinars available on the following website: http://wrir4.ucdavis.edu/events/Webinars/WR_Training_2013/Webinar_Resources.html EPA/IR-4 Technical Working Group Conference Calls Western Region IR-4 State Liaison Representative and Commodity Representative Meeting USDA IR-4 Food Use Workshop USDA IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Workshop USDA IR-4 National Research Planning Meeting Various meetings with specialty crop commodities including (Association of Applied IPM Ecologists, bedding plants, Pacific Branch of the Entomological Society of America, California Specialty Crops Council, Tulare County California Pest Control Advisors) How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Email lists; website updates; newsletters What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Communicate and work with researchers with outstanding projects to bring them to fruition.

      Impacts
      What was accomplished under these goals? Food Use Program: The following 157 field residue trial data packages (chemical/crop combination) were submitted to the IR-4 program Headquarters at Rutgers University for submission to the US Environmental Protection Agency in 2013: Chemical/Crop State Locations of trial(s) 6-Benzyladenine/avocado CA(4) Abamectin/carrot CA Anthraquinone/rice CA(2) Benzovindiflupyr/onion (dry bulb) CA, OR Bifenthrin/peach CA Clethodim/hops ID,WA(2) Clofentezine/avocado CA(3) Clomazone/asparagus CA Chlorothalonil/cherry CO,ID Chlorothalonil/cranberry OR Cyantraniliprole/caneberry CA, OR Cyantraniliprole/coffee HI(3) Cyantraniliprole/strawberry CA, OR Difenconazole/guava HI(2) Diquat/banana HI Diquat/onion ID DPX-QGU42/Asparagus CA(2),WA DPX-QGU42/Basil CA Ethaboxam + Fluopicolide/potato CA, WA Etofenprox + Piperonyl butoxide(PBO) CA(2) Fenpyroximate/banana HI Fenpyroximate/caneberry CA,OR(3) Fenpyroximate/summer squash CA Fenpyroximate/watermelon CA Flonicamid/bean CA,ID Flonicamid/pea ID(2) Fluazinam/cabbage NM Fluazinam/squash CA Fluensulfone/carrot CA (2), NM Fluensulfone/potato CA,NM,ID(2),WA Flumioxazin/clover WA Flumioxazin/grapefruit CA Flumioxazin/lemon CA(2) Flumioxazin/orange CA Flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone/sweet potato CA Flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone/grasses OR(2) Fluopicolide/bean ID Fluopicolide/hops OR,ID,WA(2) Flupyradifurone/caneberry OR(3) Flupyradifurone/pomegranate CA(4) Flutolanil/tomato CA(11) FTH 545/cantaloupe CA (2) FTH 545/cucumber CA FTH 545/summer squash CA Glyphosate/onion CA,ID Hexazinone/blueberry OR Indaziflam/caneberry OR (2) Indaziflam/coffee HI Ipconazole/onion (seed trt) CA(2) Lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam/guava HI Metaldehyde/root vegetables OR Metaldehyde/wheat OR Metribuzin/potato ID,WA(2) Nitrapyrin/broccoli OR Penflufen/onion CA(2) Penoxsulam+oxyfluorfen/stone fruit crop group CA (3),OR,WA Penoxsulam+oxyfluorfen/pome fruit crop group CA,ID,WA Penthiopyrad/blueberry OR Potassium Phosphite/citrus CA(4) Propamocarb-hcl/guava HI Propiconazole + chlorothalonil/tomato (GH) CA Pyrethrin + PBO/Stone Fruit Crop Group CA(2), OR Pyrethrin + PBO/Herb and Spice Crop Group CA(2), ID Quinoxyfen/cucumber CA Quinoxyfen/summer squash CA, ID Rimsulfuron/grasses OR(3) Saflufenacil/grasses WA Saflufenacil/olive CA(2) Saflufenacil/pomegranate CA(4) Spinosad/onion (dry bulb) CA Spirotetramat/carrot CA Thiabendazole/mushroom CA(2) V-10208/cantaloupe CA(2), NM V-10208/pepper CA(3), NM More details on these projects can be found on the following websites: http://wrir4.ucdavis.edu/FoodUse/default.html http://ir4.rutgers.edu/FoodUse/Food_Use.cfm The following 13 projects were analyzed by the Western Region Laboratory and the analytical data summaries were submitted to IR-4 Headquarters at Rutgers University for submission to the US Environmental Protection Agency: Chemistry/Crop: Mesotrione/grape Indaziflam/coffee Flumioxazin/lemon Methoxyfenozide/chives Clofentezine/avocado Spirotetramat/green onion Spirotetramat/carrot Chlorothalonil/cranberry Fluopicolide/bean (snap) Clethodim/hops Fluopicolide/hops Pendimethalin/caneberry Pendimethalin/blueberry More details on these projects can be found on the following websites: http://wrir4.ucdavis.edu/FoodUse/default.html http://ir4.rutgers.edu/FoodUse/Food_Use.cfm All Field and Analytical work conducted under the Food Use program is GLP compliant as per the EPA Good Laboratory Practice Standards (GLPs) Federal Register Vol. 54 No.158 40 CFR Part 160. Ornamental Horticultural Program: The following projects were funded through this grant: Entomology Projects: Thrips Product Efficacy and Crop Safety – L Villavicencio The Center for Applied Horticultural Research J DeFrancesco Oregon State University; B Uber, Crop Inspection Services Whitefly Product Efficacy – L Villavicencio The Center for Applied Horticultural Research Plant Pathology Projects: Fusarium Product Efficacy - G Chastagner Washington State University Boxwood Blight Products Crop Safety – J Pscheidt Oregon State University Pythium Product Efficacy – L Santamaria Oregon State University Fungicide Product Crop Safety – J DeFrancesco Oregon State University Botrytis Product Efficacy – G Chastagner, Washington State University; C Jiang University of California, Davis, USDA ARS Weed Science Projects: Herbicide Crop Safety – J Klett, Colorado State University; C Wilen UCCE ANR; E Peachey Oregon State University, B Uber, Crop Inspection Servies; L Villavicencio The Center for Applied Horticultural Research; B Hanson UC, Davis The projects listed involved 174 trials testing for efficacy evaluations of insecticide, herbicide and fungicides on a variety of ornamental plants. Currently 98 of the 174 are completed and final reports sent to IR-4 Headquarters, Rutgers University. More detailed information can be found on the following websites: http://wrir4.ucdavis.edu/OrnamentalBio/default.shtml http://ir4.rutgers.edu/ornamentals.html Biopesticide and Organic Program: The following grants were funded: Pheromone-Mediated Management of California Prionus, Prinus californicus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), in Hops and Cherry via Mating Disruption – Jim Barbour, University of Idaho Ornamentals Evaluation of Fe-HEDTA as an Over-the-Top Herbicide for Ornamental Nursery Production Fe-HEDTA – Cheryl Wilen UCCE ANR Reduction of Aflatoxin Contamination in Almond Orchards Using the Atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Strain AF36 and Preparation for Registration – Themis Michailides UCCE ANR KARE Spotted Wing Drosophila Control in Organic Berries – Alan Schreiber – Ag Development Group Improving conventional control of mint flea beetle and strawberry root weevil on mint by incorporating early applications of grupGONE! Granular – Larry Godfrey, UCD Evaluation of Three-Lure (TML, ME, RK = TMR) Attract and Kill Trap against Medfly, Oriental Fruit Fly and Melon Fly – Roger Vargas USDA-ARS PBARC Integrating Biopesticides into Conventional Vineyard IPM Programs for Vine Mealybug as a Resistance Management Strategy – Kent Daane – UC Berkeley Incorporation of Biofungicides in Hop Powdery Mildew IPM Programs – Gary Grove, Washington State University Mitigation of Fungicide Resistance Risk Using Biopesticides and Leaf Removal in Washington Wine Grapes Gary Grove – Washington State University No final reports have been received at this time. More detailed information can be found at the following website: http://wrir4.ucdavis.edu/OrnamentalBio/default.shtml

      Publications


        Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12

        Outputs
        OUTPUTS: The WR (Western Region) IR-4 Project has completed 190 pesticide residue field trials initiated in the 2010 field season and supported by the 2010 grant. Seven western states (CA, CO, HI, ID, NM, OR, WA) participated in the Field Program and the work was conducted at 12 different field research sites. Seven trials were terminated due to regulatory concerns, weather conditions, phytotoxicity or errors at the field site. The WR Ornamental Program conducted projects on fungicides (fusarium, pythium), bacterial disease control agents, herbicides (6 research groups for crop safety and 2 groups conducting efficacy studies), and insecticides (thrips and eriophyid mites). There was also one project involving the control of snails and slugs. One efficacy study in the WR was funded using WR IR-4 funds. Seven biopesticide projects received IR-4 funding to address insect pest management (4 projects), plant pathogen management (2 projects), and one plant growth regulation project. The WR State Liaison Representatives held their annual meeting joint with the WR members of the IR-4 Commodity Liaison Committee, in Yuma, Arizona. WR field staff continue to present and attend a variety of grower group meeting as well a Society meetings where the members would be interested in IR-4 activities. The WR continues to contribute articles for the IR-4 newsletter. The WR Analytical Laboratory completed the analysis of 141 field studies this year. The satellite laboratory in Washington State contributed to this number by completing 27 trials, while the University of Hawaii laboratory analyzed samples from 7 field trials. In 2010, there were 3 US EPA inspections within the WR; two were at field sites located in California and New Mexico, and one was a laboratory located in California. The national IR-4 quality assurance planning meeting was held in New Orleans, LA, in February, 2010. Similar to previous years, audits and reports completed were 132 Critical Phase Inspections, 8 Facility Inspections and 113 Raw Data audits. PARTICIPANTS: Analytical Laboratory Facilities: Western Region Laboratory Coordinator (UC Davis), Matt Hengel; UC Davis, Matt Hengel and analytical staff; University of Hawaii (Manoa), Qing Li and analytical staff; Washington State University, Vince Hebert and analytical staff. Field Research Facilities: Western Region Field Coordinator (UC Davis), Rebecca Sisco; Western Region Assistant Field Coordinator (UC Davis), Stephen Flanagan; Western Region Field Program Assistant (UC Davis), Mika Tolson. Field Research Centers: Field Research Director Robert Viales (Affiliation - Artichoke Research Service; Artichoke Research Association (Salinas, California), Mohammad Bari; Holtville Field Research Center (UC Davis), Brent Boutwell; California Irrigated Agriculture Research & Education Center, Dan Groenendale; Washington State University (Prosser), Washington Kimberly Research & Education Center, William Meeks; University of Idaho (Twin Falls, ID) Leyendecker Research Center, Maury Craig; New Mexico State University (Las Cruces, NM); Oregon State University Northwest Research & Education Center (Aurora, OR), Joe DeFrancesco and Gina Koskela; UC Davis Field Research Center, Don Stewart; UC Kearney Agricultural Center, David Ennes and Keri Skiles; UC Riverside (Parlier, CA), Charles Farrar and Richard Zapien; University of Hawaii Field Research Center Honolulu, HI), Julie Coughlin, James Kam and Michael Kawate. Quality Assurance Unit: Western Region QA Coordinator (UC Davis), James McFarland; Western Region Assistant QA Coordinator (UC Davis), Martin Beran; Western Region QA Officer (UC Davis), Sherita Normington. TARGET AUDIENCES: The project provides data for registration of pesticides on specialty crops and for minor uses in major crops. Uses in ornamental crops are also addressed and research is conducted with biopesticides. At one level, the growers of specialty crops and the ornamental industry are the beneficiaries of the research. This target group encompasses not only state and regional growers but also growers nationally. At a second level, consumers derive a significant benefit from this research as they are provided with safe, high quality produce and ornamental plants. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

        Impacts
        The goal of IR-4 is to provide safe and effective pest management solutions for specialty crops. This program represents a partnership between the land grant universities, Cooperative Extension, and specialty crop growers and is comprised of field, laboratory and quality assurance units. Pesticide residue data for new crop chemical registrations is generated under Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) guidelines. IR-4 focuses on next generation "lower risk" pesticides that effectively control disruptive pests without adverse effects on the environment. The emergence of invasive pests, chemical resistance, and the loss of older compounds makes new chemical registrations vital to California's multi-billion dollar specialty crop agriculture. In California, specialty crops dominate. For example, California is the sole producer (99% or more) of a large number of specialty crops including almonds, clingstone peaches, figs and walnuts. In 2008, California farms produced $36.2 billion in gross cash receipts of which 56% was derived from specialty crops. In 2006, 36% of the US grower cash receipts in greenhouse and nursery crops came from Western states.

        Publications

        • No publications reported this period


        Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11

        Outputs
        OUTPUTS: The WR (Western Region) IR-4 Project has completed 190 pesticide residue field trials initiated in the 2010 field season and supported by the 2010 grant. Seven western states (CA, CO, HI, ID, NM, OR, WA) participated in the Field Program and the work was conducted at 12 different field research sites. Seven trials were terminated due to regulatory concerns, weather conditions, phytotoxicity or errors at the field site. The WR Ornamental Program conducted projects on fungicides (fusarium, pythium), bacterial disease control agents, herbicides (6 research groups for crop safety and 2 groups conducting efficacy studies), and insecticides (thrips and eriophyid mites). There was also one project involving the control of snails and slugs. One efficacy study in the WR was funded using WR IR-4 funds. Seven biopesticide projects received IR-4 funding to address insect pest management (4 projects), plant pathogen management (2 projects), and one plant growth regulation project. The WR State Liaison Representatives held their annual meeting joint with the WR members of the IR-4 Commodity Liaison Committee, in Yuma, Arizona. WR field staff continue to present and attend a variety of grower group meeting as well a Society meetings where the members would be interested in IR-4 activities. The WR continues to contribute articles for the IR-4 newsletter. The WR Analytical Laboratory completed the analysis of 141 field studies this year. The satellite laboratory in Washington State contributed to this number by completing 27 trials, while the University of Hawaii laboratory analyzed samples from 7 field trials. In 2010, there were 3 US EPA inspections within the WR; two were at field sites located in California and New Mexico, and one was a laboratory located in California. The national IR-4 quality assurance planning meeting was held in New Orleans, LA, in February, 2010. Similar to previous years, audits and reports completed were 132 Critical Phase Inspections, 8 Facility Inspections and 113 Raw Data audits. PARTICIPANTS: Analytical Laboratory Facilities: Western Region Laboratory Coordinator (UC Davis), Matt Hengel; UC Davis, Matt Hengel and analytical staff; University of Hawaii (Manoa), Qing Li and analytical staff; Washington State University, Vince Hebert and analytical staff. Field Research Facilities: Western Region Field Coordinator (UC Davis), Rebecca Sisco; Western Region Assistant Field Coordinator (UC Davis), Stephen Flanagan; Western Region Field Program Assistant (UC Davis), Mika Tolson. Field Research Centers: Field Research Director Robert Viales (Affiliation - Artichoke Research Service; Artichoke Research Association (Salinas, California), Mohammad Bari; Holtville Field Research Center (UC Davis), Brent Boutwell; California Irrigated Agriculture Research & Education Center, Dan Groenendale; Washington State University (Prosser), Washington Kimberly Research & Education Center, William Meeks; University of Idaho (Twin Falls, ID) Leyendecker Research Center, Maury Craig; New Mexico State University (Las Cruces, NM); Oregon State University Northwest Research & Education Center (Aurora, OR), Joe DeFrancesco and Gina Koskela; UC Davis Field Research Center, Don Stewart; UC Kearney Agricultural Center, David Ennes and Keri Skiles; UC Riverside (Parlier, CA), Charles Farrar and Richard Zapien; University of Hawaii Field Research Center Honolulu, HI), Julie Coughlin, James Kam and Michael Kawate. Quality Assurance Unit: Western Region QA Coordinator (UC Davis), James McFarland; Western Region Assistant QA Coordinator (UC Davis), Martin Beran; Western Region QA Officer (UC Davis), Sherita Normington. TARGET AUDIENCES: The project provides data for registration of pesticides on specialty crops and for minor uses in major crops. Uses in ornamental crops are also addressed and research is conducted with biopesticides. At one level, the growers of specialty crops and the ornamental industry are the beneficiaries of the research. This target group encompasses not only state and regional growers but also growers nationally. At a second level, consumers derive a significant benefit from this research as they are provided with safe, high quality produce and ornamental plants. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

        Impacts
        The goal of IR-4 is to provide safe and effective pest management solutions for specialty crops. This program represents a partnership between the land grant universities, Cooperative Extension, and specialty crop growers and is comprised of field, laboratory and quality assurance units. Pesticide residue data for new crop chemical registrations is generated under Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) guidelines. IR-4 focuses on next generation "lower risk" pesticides that effectively control disruptive pests without adverse effects on the environment. The emergence of invasive pests, chemical resistance, and the loss of older compounds makes new chemical registrations vital to California's multi-billion dollar specialty crop agriculture. In California, specialty crops dominate. For example, California is the sole producer (99% or more) of a large number of specialty crops including almonds, clingstone peaches, figs and walnuts. In 2008, California farms produced $36.2 billion in gross cash receipts of which 56% was derived from specialty crops. In 2006, 36% of the US grower cash receipts in greenhouse and nursery crops came from Western states.

        Publications

        • No publications reported this period


        Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/10

        Outputs
        OUTPUTS: The WR (Western Region) IR-4 project is in the process of carrying out 192 pesticide residue field trials for the 2010 field season. Seven western states (CA, CO, HI, ID, NM, OR, WA) participated in the field program and the work was conducted at 12 different field research sites. Seven trials were terminated due to either regulatory concerns, weather conditions, phytotoxicity, or errors at the field site. The WR ornamental program conducted fungicide (fusarium, pythium, bacterial disease control), herbicide (6 research groups for crop safety and 2 groups conducting efficacy studies) and insecticide (thrips and eriophyid mite) projects. There was also one project involving the control of snails and slugs. One efficacy study in the WR was funded using WR IR-4 funds. Seven biopesticide projects received IR-4 funding to research insect pest management (4 projects), plant pathogen management (2 project) and one plant growth regulant project. The WR State Liaison Representatives held their annual meeting joint with the WR members of the IR-4 Commodity Liaison Committee, in Yuma, Arizona. Western region field staff continue to present and attend a variety of grower group meeting as well a Society meetings where the members would be interested in IR-4 activities. The WR continues to contribute articles for the IR-4 newsletter. The WR Analytical laboratory completed the analysis of 141 field studies this year. The satellite laboratory in Washington State contributed to this number by completing 27 trials. The University of Hawaii laboratory analyzed samples from 7 field trials. In 2010, there were 3 US EPA inspections within the WR. Two were at field sites located in California, New Mexico and one was a laboratory located in California. The national IR-4 QA planning meeting was held in New Orleans, LA in February, 2010. Similar to previous years' audits and reports completed were 132 Critical Phase Inspections, 8 Facility Inspections and 113 Raw Data audits. PARTICIPANTS: Analytical Laboratory FacilitiesWestern Region Laboratory Coordinator, Matt Hengel, PhD UC Davis, Matt Hengel and analytical staff University of Hawaii, Manoa, Qing Li and analytical staff Washington State University, Vince Hebert and analytical staff Field Research Facilities Western Region Field Coordinator, UC Davis, Rebecca Sisco, MS Western Region Assistant Field Coordinator, UC Davis, Stephen Flanagan, MS Western Region Field Program Assistant, Mika Tolson, BS Field Research Center Field Research Director Affiliation Location Artichoke Research Service Bob Viales, Mohammad Bari Artichoke Research Association Salinas, California Holtville Field Research Center Brent Boutwell University of California Holtville, California Irrigated Agriculture Research & Education Center Dan Groenendale Washington State University Prosser, Washington Kimberly Research & Education Center Will Meeks University of Idaho Twin Falls, Idaho Leyendecker Research Center Maury Craig New Mexico State University Las Cruces, New Mexico OSU Northwest Research & Education Center Joe DeFrancesco Gina Koskela Oregon State University Aurora, Oregon UC Davis Field Research Center Don Stewart University of California Davis, California UC Kearney Agricultural Center David Ennes Keri Skiles University of California Parlier, California UC Riverside Chuck Farrar University of California Riverside, California UH Field Research Center Julie Coughlin James Kam University of Hawaii Honolulu, Hawaii Quality Assurance Unit: Western Region QA Coordinator, UC Davis, James McFarland, BS Western Region Assistant QA Coordinator, UC Davis, Martin Beran, BSWestern Region QA Officer, Sherita Normington, BS TARGET AUDIENCES: The project provides data for registration of pesticides on specialty crops and for minor uses in major crops. Uses in ornamental crops are also addressed and research is conducted with biopesticides. At one level, the growers of specialty crops and the ornamental industry are the beneficiaries of the research. This target group encompasses not only state and regional growers but also growers nationally. At a second level, consumers derive a significant benefit from this research as they are provided with safe, high quality produce and ornamental plants. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

        Impacts
        The goal of IR-4 is to provide safe and effective pest management solutions for specialty crops. This program represents a partnership between the land grant universities, cooperative extension, and specialty crop growers and is comprised of field, laboratory and quality assurance units. Pesticide residue data for new crop chemical registrations is generated under Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) guidelines. IR-4 focuses on next generation "lower risk" pesticides that effectively control disruptive pests without adverse effects on the environment. The emergence of invasive pests, chemical resistance, and the loss of older compounds makes new chemical registrations vital to California's multi-billion dollar specialty crop agriculture. In California, specialty crops dominate. For example, California is the sole producer (99% or more) of a large number of specialty crops including almonds, clingstone peaches, figs, and walnuts. In 2008, California farms produced $36.2 billion in gross cash receipts of which 56% was derived from specialty crops. In 2006, 36% of the US grower cash receipts in greenhouse and nursery crops came from Western states.

        Publications

        • No publications reported this period


        Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09

        Outputs
        OUTPUTS: The WR (Western Region) IR-4 project is in the process of completing 222 field trials for the 2009 field season. Seven western states (CA, CO, HI, ID, NM, OR, WA) participated in the field program and the work was conducted at 12 different field research sites. There were no terminated trials in the 2009 season. The WR ornamental program consisted of 204 trials across the 3 disciplines of Entomology (including snails and slugs) Plant Pathology and Weed Science. Fungicide studies were conducted for Phytophthora, downy mildew as well as for bacterial disease. Entomology trials were for root mealybug, leaf miner and snails and slugs. Crop safety herbicide trials were conducted at 3 different field sites. Herbicide efficacy trials were carried out at 2 field sites in California and Oregon. Reports associated with these trials on ornamentals continue to be submitted to the WR Field Office. The efficacy component of the IR-4 program in the West conducted 8 efficacy projects in 2009: pendimethalin on green onion, boscalid + pyraclostrobin on artichoke, triflumizole on greenhouse cucumbers, cyazofamid on spinach and oxyfluorfen on leeks and chives. Reports have been received for all trials. However, the cucumber and spinach trials will be repeated due to lack of disease severity. In studies directed toward invasive species, two spotted winged drosophila efficacy projects have been initiated. Six biopesticide projects in the WR were funded by IR-4 funding in 2009. The projects were in the areas of insect pest management (2 projects) and plant pathogen management (4 projects). In March 2009, the WR State Liaison Representatives held their annual meeting joint with the WR members of the IR-4 Commodity Liaison Committee, at Bozeman, Montana. Western region field staff continue to present and attend grower group meetings and Society meetings relevant to IR-4. The WR Field Coordinator also serves on California Department of Pesticide Regulation committee bringing pest management expertise to the committee membership. The WR continues to provide articles for the national IR-4 newsletter. In the WR Analytical laboratory, analyses for 144 field trials were completed in 2009. The satellite laboratories in Washington State and University of Hawaii contributed to this number by completing 39 trials. In September 2009, the Lab received a new Agilent 6430 LC-MS/MS system. The system is up and ready for samples and will increase laboratory analytical capabilities. Within the WR in 2009, there was 1 US EPA inspection at an Oregon IR-4 field site. The annual QA Planning Meeting was held in Gainesville, FL, March 10-11, 2009 and hosted by the IR-4 Southern Region. Similar to previous years, audits and reports completed were 101 Critical Phase Inspections, 11 Facility Inspections and 211 Raw Data audits. WR staff attended and presented at the IR-4 National Education Conference held in San Antonio, TX in February 2009. PARTICIPANTS: Analytical Laboratory Facilities: Western Region Laboratory Coordinator, Matt Hengel PhD UC Davis, Matt Hengel and analytical staff University of Hawaii, Manoa, Qing Li and analytical staff Washington State University, Vince Hebert and analytical staff Field Research Facilities: Western Region Field Coordinator, UC Davis, Rebecca Sisco, MS Western Region Assistant Field Coordinator, UC Davis, Stephen Flanagan, BS UC Riverside Field Research Center, Chuck Farrer, University of California, Riverside, California, CSU Field Research Center, Meghan Loiz, Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado Holtville Field Research Center, Brent Boutwell, University of California, Holtville, California Irrigated Agriculture Research & Education Center, Dan Groenendale, Washington State University, Prosser, Washington Kimberely Research & Education Center, Will Meeks, University of Idaho Twin Falls, Idaho Leyendecker Research Center, Maury Craig, New Mexico State University Las Cruces, New Mexico OSU Northwest Research & Education Center, Joe DeFrancesco, Oregon State University, Aurora, Oregon UC Davis Field Research Center, Don Stewart, University of California Davis, California UC Kearney Agricultural Center, Keri Skiles, University of California Parlier, California UH Field Research Center, Julie Coughlin, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii Quality Assurance Unit: Western Region QA Coordinator, UC Davis, James McFarland, BS Western Region Assistant QA Coordinator, UC Davis, Martin Beran, BS TARGET AUDIENCES: The project provides data for registration of pesticides on specialty crops and for minor uses in major crops. Uses in ornamental crops are also addressed and research is conducted with biopesticides. The growers of specialty crops and the ornamental industry are the beneficiaries of the research. This target group encompasses not only state and regional growers but also growers nationally. Consumers also derive a significant benefit from this research as they are provided with safe, high quality produce and ornamental plants. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

        Impacts
        The goal of IR-4 is to provide safe and effective pest management solutions for specialty crops. This program represents a partnership between the land grant universities, cooperative extension, and specialty crop growers and is comprised of field, laboratory and quality assurance units. Pesticide residue data for new crop chemical registrations is generated under Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) guidelines. IR-4 focuses on next generation "lower risk" pesticides that effectively control disruptive pests without adverse effects on the environment. The emergence of invasive pests, chemical resistance, and the loss of older compounds makes new chemical registrations vital to California's multi-billion dollar specialty crop agriculture. In California, specialty crops dominate. For example, California is the sole producer (99% or more) of a large number of specialty crops including almonds, cling stone peaches, figs, and walnuts.

        Publications

        • No publications reported this period


        Progress 01/01/08 to 12/31/08

        Outputs
        OUTPUTS: The WR (Western Region) IR-4 project is in the process of carrying out 181 field trials for the 2008 field season. Seven western states (CA, CO, HI, ID, NM, OR, WA) participated in the field program and the work was conducted at 10 different field research sites. Five trials were terminated due to either regulatory concerns, weather conditions, phytotoxicity, or errors at the field site. The WR ornamental program conducted fungicide (Phytophthora), herbicide (3 research groups for crop safety and 2 groups conducting efficacy studies) insecticide (2 thrips projects) projects. Two projects involving plant growth regulants as well as 2 bacterial disease projects are also underway. Four efficacy studies in the WR were funded using registrant dollars and a fifth efficacy study was funded using WR IR-4 funds. Three biopesticide projects received IR-4 funding to research insect pest management (2 projects) and plant pathogen management (1 project). The WR State Liaison Representatives held their annual meeting joint with the WR members of the IR-4 Commodity Liaison Committee, in Davis California. Western region field staff continue to present and attend a variety of grower group meeting as well a Society meetings where the members would be interested in IR-4 activities. The WR continues to contribute articles for the IR-4 newsletter. The WR Analytical laboratory completed a total of 95 field studies this year. The satellite laboratory in Washington State contributed to this number by completing 10 trials. The University of Hawaii laboratory received a new HPLC system to assist with their analyses. The analytical laboratory has integrated the OpenLab database and data acquisition software package allowing nearly all data to be uploaded into this database. In 2008, there were 5 US EPA inspections within the WR. These were all at field sites located in California, Washington, Oregon and Colorado. The national IR-4 QA planning meeting was held in Davis, California in march, 2008. Similar to previous years audits and reports completed were 100 Critical Phase Inspections, 9 Facility Inspections and 192 Raw Data audits. PARTICIPANTS: Analytical Laboratory Facilities: Western Region Laboratory Coordinator, Matt Hengel PhD UC Davis, Matt Hengel and analytical staff University of Hawaii, Manoa, Qing Li and analytical staff Washington State University, Vince Hebert and analytical staff Field Research Facilities: Western Region Field Coordinator, UC Davis, Rebecca Sisco, MS Western Region Assistant Field Coordinator, UC Davis, Stephen Flanagan, BS Field Research Centers: Artichoke Research Service; Bob Viales, Mohammad Bari, Dir., Artichoke Research Association, Salinas, California CSU Field Research Center; Clark Oman, Dir., Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado Holtville Field Research Center; Brent Boutwell, Dir., University of California, Holtville, California Irrigated Agriculture Research & Education Center; Dan Groenendale, Dir., Washington State University, Prosser, Washington Kimberly Research & Education Center; Will Meeks, Dir., University of Idaho, Twin Falls, Idaho Leyendecker Research Center; Maury Craig, Dir., New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico OSU Northwest Research & Education Center; Joe DeFrancesco, Dir., Oregon State University, Aurora, Oregon UC Davis Field Research Center; Don Stewart, Dir., University of California, Davis, California UC Kearney Agricultural Center; Keri Skiles, Dir., University of California, Parlier, California UH Field Research Center; Julie Coughlin, Dir., University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii Quality Assurance Unit: Western Region QA Coordinator, UC Davis, James McFarland, BS Western Region Assistant QA Coordinator, UC Davis, Martin Beran, BS TARGET AUDIENCES: The project provides data for registration of pesticides on specialty crops and for minor uses in major crops. Uses in ornamental crops are also addressed and research is conducted with biopesticides. At one level, the growers of specialty crops and the ornamental industry are the beneficiaries of the research. This target group encompasses not only state and regional growers but also growers nationally. At a second level, consumers derive a significant benefit from this research as they are provided with safe, high quality produce and ornamental plants. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

        Impacts
        The goal of IR-4 is to provide safe and effective pest management solutions for specialty crops. This program represents a partnership between the land grant universities, cooperative extension, and specialty crop growers and is comprised of field, laboratory and quality assurance units. Pesticide residue data for new crop chemical registrations is generated under Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) guidelines. IR-4 focuses on next generation "lower risk" pesticides that effectively control disruptive pests without adverse effects on the environment. The emergence of invasive pests, chemical resistance, and the loss of older compounds makes new chemical registrations vital to California's multi-billion dollar specialty crop agriculture. In California, specialty crops dominate. For example, California is the sole producer (99% or more) of a large number of specialty crops including almonds, clingstone peaches, figs, and walnuts. In 2004, California's total gross cash income from agriculture was $31.8 billion of which approx. 70% was derived from specialty crops.

        Publications

        • Hengel, M.J. and Miller, M.G. Analysis of Pesticides in Dried Hops by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J. Agric. Food Chem. 56 (16), 6851-6856, 2008.


        Progress 01/01/07 to 12/31/07

        Outputs
        The WR (Western Region) IR-4 project carried out 192 magnitude of residue food use field trials during the 2006-07 field season. Seven western states (CA, CO, HI, ID, NM, OR, WA) participated in the field program and the work was conducted at 12 different field research sites. A small number of projects had to be restarted or rescheduled at a later date for a variety of reasons including weather conditions, birds, freezer failure, as well as technical issues. The WR received approx. $50,000 in additional grants and gifts to support trials important to western growers and registrants. The WR ornamental program conducted fungicide (Phytophthora (2 sites) and pythium), herbicide (3 research groups) and insecticide (thrips and lygus) projects. Two projects involving plant growth regulants are also underway. Efficacy studies in the WR are funded from nonIR-4 sources and only 2 studies were carried out this year. Eight biopesticide projects received IR-4 funding to research insect pest management (1 projects), plant pathogen management (6 projects) and a bird repellent (1 project). The WR lab, field and QA personnel organized and presented at an IR-4 Training session in Hawaii in January '07. The meeting was well attended and very successful. The WR State Liaison Representatives held their annual meeting at Fort Collins, Colorado in March '07. This was a joint meeting with the IR-4 Commodity Liaison Committee. The WR contributed articles for each of the IR-4 newsletters published this year. The WR Analytical laboratory completed a total of 126 field studies this year. Satellite laboratories in Hawaii and Washington State contributed to this number by respectively completing 9 and 13 field trials. The analytical laboratory installed a new QQQ LC MS/MS and is upgrading database and data acquisition software. New and improved standard operating procedures have been implemented. During 2007, there were 8 US EPA inspections within the WR. These were at a processing center, 6 field sites and 1 lab and field site. The majority of the locations were in California but Washington and New Mexico were also represented. Audits and reports completed were 122 Critical Phase Inspections, 7 Facility Inspections and 193 Raw Data audits.

        Impacts
        The goal of IR-4 is to provide safe and effective pest management solutions for specialty crops. This program represents a partnership between the land grant universities, cooperative extension, and specialty crop growers and is comprised of field, laboratory and quality assurance units. Pesticide residue data for new crop chemical registrations is generated under Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) guidelines. IR-4 focuses on next generation "lower risk" pesticides that effectively control disruptive pests without adverse effects on the environment. The emergence of invasive pests, chemical resistance, and the loss of older compounds makes new chemical registrations vital to California's multi-billion dollar specialty crop agriculture. In California, specialty crops dominate. For example, California is the sole producer (99% or more) of a large number of specialty crops including almonds, clingstone peaches, figs, and walnuts. In 2004, California's total gross cash income from agriculture was $31.8 billion of which approx. 70% was derived from specialty crops.

        Publications

        • Hengel, MJ and MG Miller. 2007. Analysis of Flonicamid and Its Metabolites in Dried Hops by Liquid Chromatography, Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J. Agric. Food Chem. 55: 8033 through 8039


        Progress 01/01/06 to 12/31/06

        Outputs
        The WR (Western Region) had 224 magnitude of residue food use field trials during the 2006 field season. Seven western states (CA, CO, HI, ID, NM, OR, WA) participate in the field program and the work was conducted at 15 field research sites in 2006. The WR received approx. $176,000 in additional grants and gifts to support trials important to western growers and registrants. These included V10118/strawberry, V10188/apple, propiconazole/citrus, novaluron/cantaloupe, summer squash, snap beans and plum, tirflumizole/broccoli, V10188 greenhouse cucumber and kasgamycin/pear. In 2006, the WR ornamental program conducted fungicide trails on Phytophthora at Oregon State University, Washington State University and Utah State University. For insecticides, thrips control studies were carried out at UC Davis and Washington State University. The UC Davis group and a UC Riverside group also conducted some studies on Whitefly Biotype Q. Four groups at UC Davis, Colorado State University, Oregon State University and UC Cooperative Extension carried out research on herbicides. The projects addressed plant safety for herbicides that control sedge and broadleaf weeds. The IR-4 program had a very small efficacy program in 2006 due to funding cuts. The WR conducted 6 efficacy trails which were primarily supported by registrant dollars. Three of the efficacy projects completed the efficacy data set where tolerances were being established, 1 trial was for control of P. capsici in peppers and the other 2 were seed treatment efficacy trails. Thirteen biopesticide projects received IR-4 funding to research insect pest management (3 projects) and plant pathogen management (10 projects). The Kearney Research and Extension Center in Parlier, CA had a field day to focus on IR-4 activities and the role of the center in the IR-4 program. Account of this very successful event was written up in the IR-4 newsletter. The field coordinators and field research directors are participating in the beta testing of the JustWrite pen, a new tool for electronic collection of field data. The WR State Liaison Representatives with members of the Commodity Liaison Committee met for their annual meeting in Aurora, Oregon. The WR Analytical laboratory received 137 field trials, logged and processed 812 samples, and produced 144 stability samples. The Laboratory completed a total of 158 field trials during this period. Satellite laboratories in Hawaii and Washington State completed and submitted 5 and 11 field trials respectively. Four US EPA inspections occurred within the time period of this report in the WR. These were at Colorado State University, Oregon State University, Washington State University and Del Monte Foods, Walnut Creek. Audits and reports completed were 91 Critical Phase Inspections, 12 Facility Inspections and 168 Raw Data audits for a total of 271 inspections and audits.

        Impacts
        The Western Region IR-4 program is comprised of an analytical laboratory, a field research office and a quality assurance unit to support field trials, residue analysis and GLP compliance required for pesticide registration. IR-4 supports registrations for reduced risk pest management tools on high value specialty crops that represent a $16 billion value and 40% of California agriculture.

        Publications

        • No publications reported this period


        Progress 01/01/05 to 12/31/05

        Outputs
        The WR (Western Region) has a magnitude of 234 residue food use field trials during the 2005 field season. Seven western states (CA, CO, HI, ID, NM, OR, WA) participate in the field program and the work is conducted at 17 field research sites. The WR received approximately $178,000 in additional grants and gifts to support trials important to western growers and registrants. In 2005, the WR ornamental program conducted fungicide (Phytophthora at 4 sites), herbicide (4 research groups) and insecticide (mealy bug by 3 research teams) projects and carried out 42 efficacy trials in support of establishment of tolerances(11 trials) and on significant pest issues (onion thrips), herbicide safety and seed treatment. Sixteen biopesticide projects received IR-4 funding to research insect pest management (4 projects), nematode management (1 project), and plant pathogen management (11 projects). The web based Priority Setting Tool previously developed to track pest management needs was used at the National Research Planning meeting. On campus, a 2-day field and lab training meeting was held in March and in October the WR State Liaison Representatives met with members of the Commodity Liaison Committee at their annual meeting. The WR Analytical laboratory received 142 field trials, logged and processed 794 samples, and produced 168 stability samples. The Laboratory completed a total of 74 field trials during this period. Satellite laboratories in Hawaii and Washington State completed and submitted 3 and 7 field trials respectively. A total of 84 trials were carried out during this time period by the WR laboratory system. An EPA inspection of the laboratory resulted in no significant findings. An additional 2 EPA inspections were carried out at field sites during 2005. Audits and reports completed were 93 Critical Phase Inspections, 7 Facility Inspections and 113 Raw Data audits.

        Impacts
        The Western Region IR-4 program is comprised of an analytical laboratory, a field research office and a quality assurance unit to support field trials, residue analysis and GLP compliance required for pesticide registration. IR-4 supports registrations for reduced risk pest management tools on high value specialty crops that represent a $16 billion value and 40% of California agriculture.

        Publications

        • No publications reported this period


        Progress 01/01/04 to 12/31/04

        Outputs
        The WR (Western Region) has had 217 magnitude of residue food use field trials ongoing or completed during the 2004 field season. Seven western states (CA, CO, HI, ID, NM, OR, WA) are participating and the work is conducted at 18 field research sites. During the year, regional field coordinators visited all but two of these field sites. The WR received $70,000 in outside funding from the California Department of Food and Agriculture(CDFA) to support residue trials important to California. CDFA funds were also used to support studies on plant growth regulators in ornamentals. In 2004, the WR conducted 55 efficacy trials using outside funding. Seven biopesticide projects from the WR received IR-4 funding to conduct research in the areas of insect pest management (4 projects), nematode management (1 project), and plant disease management (2 projects). A web based Priority Setting Tool(PST) has been developed to capture and track pest management needs and priorities of Western growers. The WR Analytical laboratory posted a website to supply information about project status and other laboratory research activities. The Analytical Laboratory received 81 field trials, logged and processed 490 samples, produced 78 stability samples. The Laboratory completed 101 field trials during this period. Satellite laboratories in Hawaii and Washington State completed and submitted 15 and 8 field trials respectively. A total of 124 trials were carried out during this time period by the WR laboratory system. Three USEPA inspections of WR contract researchers were conducted during 2004. Four long time WR field sites have yet to be inspected, (Honolulu, HI; El Centro, CA; Salinas, CA; Twin Falls, ID). Audits and reports completed were 79 Critical Phase Inspections, 19 Facility Inspections and 146 Raw Data audits.

        Impacts
        The Western Region (WR) IR-4 Program is comprised of an analytical laboratory, a field research office and a quality assurance unit to support the field trials, residue analysis and GLP compliance required for the registration of pesticides used on high value specialty crops. These 'minor' crops encompass nearly all the fruits and vegetables produced in California and represent over 500 food and feed crops. This is an important program for growers and consumers as it supplies the growers with needed pest management tools in situations where, because of insufficient financial incentives, agrichemical companies are unwilling to conduct the studies necessary for pesticide registration on minor crops. High value specialty crops represent approximately 40% of California's agricultural output. Currently there is a strong emphasis on identifying new, reduced risk pesticides in accordance with the Food Quality and Protection Act of 1996. The WR program is one of four regional IR-4 programs that have grown substantially over the past five years. Nationally, the average number of pesticides clearances per year obtained by this program had increased markedly and now exceeds 550.

        Publications

        • No publications reported this period


        Progress 01/01/03 to 12/31/03

        Outputs
        The WR (Western Region) has 213 field trials ongoing or completed during the 2003 field season. Seven western states (CA, CO, HI, ID, NM, OR, WA) are participating and 19 field research sites are conducting the work. Two new Field Research Centers, one at UC Davis the other at UC Riverside, were added in 2003. The WR received $18k in outside funding to support residue trials (indoxacarb on peach and plum, and thiophanate methyl on citrus). Field research is also being supported by a grant through California Department of Food and Agriculture. A new Ornamentals Research Center has been established at UC Davis to conduct efficacy and phytotoxicity trials on ornamental plants. In 2003, the WR conducted 34 efficacy trials and 12 Biopesticide grant proposals were funded. The biopesticide projects deal with insect pest management (3 projects), nematode management (3 projects), plant disease management (3 projects), and increasing plant vigor (3 projects). The WR Analytical Laboratory received 88 field trials, logged and processed 456 samples, produced 11 stability samples and reported 834 analyses. The Laboratory completed 80 field trials during this period. The Hawaii satellite laboratory completed and submitted 11 field trials and the Del Monte Research Laboratory completed 13 field trials. A total of 104 trials were carried out during this time period by the WR laboratory system. Two USEPA inspections of WR contract researchers (EXCEL Research Services, Fresno,CA and Colorado State University, Fort Collins,Co) were conducted during 2003. Four long time WR field sites have yet to be inspected, (Honolulu, HI; El Centro, CA; Salinas, CA; Twin Falls, ID). Audits and reports completed were 100 Critical Phase Inspections, 12 Facility Inspections and 98 Raw Data audits.

        Impacts
        The Western Region (WR) IR-4 Program is comprised of an analytical laboratory, a field research office and a quality assurance unit to support the field trials, residue analysis and GLP compliance required for the registration of pesticides used on high value specialty crops. These 'minor' crops encompass nearly all the fruits and vegetables produced in California and represent over 500 food and feed crops. This is an important program for growers and consumers as it supplies the growers with needed pest management tools in situations where, because of insufficient financial incentives, agrichemical companies are unwilling to conduct the studies necessary for pesticide registration on minor crops. High value specialty crops represent approximately 40% of California's agricultural output. Currently there is a strong emphasis on identifying new, reduced risk pesticides in accordance with the Food Quality and Protection Act of 1996. The WR program is one of four regional IR-4 programs that have grown substantially over the past five years. Nationally, the average number of pesticides clearances per year obtained by this program had increased markedly and now exceeds 550.

        Publications

        • No publications reported this period


        Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02

        Outputs
        CA, CO, HI, ID, NM, OR, and WA participated in the 2002 Western Region (WR) field program. The WR received $40k in outside funding to support residue trials in the WR (bifenazate potato, diflubenzuron barley, pomegranate work and peach and plum work with buprofezin and BAS 516). There were 21 Field Research Sites conducting work for the WR in 2002. 2001 Field Data Notebook status 10 (field), 10 outstanding, 196 total trials; 2002 status 97 (field), 75 WR office, 172 outstanding, 203 total trials. The WR is conducting 20 efficacy trials for 2002. The WR funded 6 biopesticide projects for 2002. Four plant pathology projects, 3 in Arizona and 1 in CA on roses were funded and 2 herbicide/plant growth regulator projects in CA. The Leader Laboratory (LL) received 41 field trials, logged and processed 206 samples, produced 30 stability samples and reported 1740 analyses. The LL completed 78 field trials during this period. The Del Monte research lab contributed to LL productivity by completing 36 field trials. The U of Washington Lab completed 8 trials; U of Idaho Lab completed 5 trials; Hawaii Lab completed and submitted 21 trials. A total of 148 trials were completed for the IR-4 WR Lab System. During the period of 2002 covered by this report the WR QAU received 10 petitions for audit, with 13 more to be received in 2002. The status of audits, inspections, and reports within the region as of 6/30/02 follows: Critical Phase (CR) Inspections completed; 25 field, 3 lab; facility inspections; 5 field, 1 in process. Raw Data Audits completed; 38 field, 10 analytical, 9 Petitions; to be done 21 field, petitions 1+2 in progress. CR Inspections completed; 35 field, 2 lab. Raw Data Audits; 17 field, 1 analytical, 3 petitions, 19 to be done.

        Impacts
        (N/A)

        Publications

        • No publications reported this period


        Progress 01/01/01 to 12/31/01

        Outputs
        The WR (Western Region) has 195 field trials ongoing or completed during the 2001 field season. Seven western states (CA, CO, HI, ID, NM, OR, WA) are participating. The WR received $37k in outside funding to support residue trials. Support for carfentrazone and thiacloprid work was provided by FMC and Bayer and the Oregon Hazelnut Commission for filbert trials in Oregon. The WR accepted 37 ornamental trials for 2001, being conducted by 3 researchers in CO and WA. The WR is conducting 5 efficacy trials for 2001 and is assisting with a fungicide efficacy program, which includes 35 efficacy trials in the WR. Sixteen Biopesticide proposals in the WR are funded for 2001. Six states, CA, AZ, OR, WA, CO and UT participated. The LL (Leader Laboratory) received 77 field trials, logged and processed 520 samples, produced 78 stability samples and reported 1317 analyses. The LL completed 101 field trials during this period. The Del Monte lab received and processed 56 field samples, 2 field trials and all myclobutanil samples are complete and reports are being written. The Idaho lab completed 9 trials. The Hawaii Lab received 58 samples, completed 329 analyses and submitted 8 trials. A total of 120 trials were completed for the IR-4 WR LL System. Two USEPA Inspections of WR contract researchers were conducted. The Del Monte Lab was inspected for the second time the week of April 16th and the New Mexico field facilities were inspected the week of Sept 10th. Three long time WR field sites have yet to be inspected, (Honolulu, HI; El Centro, CA; Twin Falls, ID). Critical phase and facility inspections of our Canadian field researchers in British Columbia continue. The status of audits and reports within the region (for the period 1/1/2001-9/30/2001) follow: 88 Critical Phase Inspections, 11 Facility Inspections and 188 Raw Data audits completed.

        Impacts
        (N/A)

        Publications

        • No publications reported this period


        Progress 01/01/00 to 12/31/00

        Outputs
        The Western Region (WSR) accepted 170 trials. The WSR Leader Laboratory assigned 124 trials to the Leader Laboratory, 34 trials to Del Monte Research Center, and 12 trials to the University of Hawaii Laboratory. The Leader Laboratory (LL) received 126 field trials, logged and processed 652 samples, produced 96 stability samples and reported 1890 analyses. The LL completed 139 field trials during this period. Del Monte received 119 field samples, producing 30 stability samples and completing 620 analyses resulting in 29 completed trials. The University of Idaho completed 17 projects, received 12 field samples, prepared 54 stability samples and completed 424 analyses. The Hawaii Satellite Laboratory received 132 samples, prepared 66 stability samples, completed 574 analyses and submitted 29 lab projects. A total of 214 projects were completed over the past year for the WSR. The WSR conducted 245 field trials (plus 5 1999 carry-over trials). Seven Field Research Centers (FRC) located at the University of Hawaii, University of California (Holtville and Parlier), Washington State University, Colorado State University, University of Idaho and Oregon State University were in full operation during 1999-2000; In addition, 4 university-related researchers, 6 private contract research facilities and a registrant (i.e., company farms) are assisting in the overall program. Dr. James Klett (CO), Dr. Gary Chastagner (WA), Dr. Robert Lambe, Dr. Warren Copes were awarded competitive grants totaling $20K to fund research on a variety of ornamental crops. QA critical phase inspections completed: field 68, lab 19; facility inspections completed: field 15, lab 2; raw field data audits completed: 96; analytical summary reports: 20; petitions 12.

        Impacts
        (N/A)

        Publications

        • No publications reported this period


        Progress 01/01/99 to 12/31/99

        Outputs
        Field Research Centers (FRC) at Hawaii, Holtville and Parlier, CA, Richland and Aurora, OR were in operation and 22 researchers in 6 of the 14 Western States participated in conducting 187 trials (106 were funded subcontracts, 81 trials were funded by external sources.) Of the 106 trials, 67 will be conducted at FRC, 24 at university sites, and 15 at private contract labs. Of 81 trials, 20 were conducted at FRC, 25 at university sites, and 36 at contract labs. Food Use Reports include 81 field reports and 112 analytical sets. 27 ornamental trials were conducted. Field researchers (FRS) in the Western region were granted a total of $49,000 to support research on bio pesticides and $31,229 for "new technology" research. The Western Region Lab system (WRLS) accepted 140 future trials; after revisions the total to date is 202 trials. 128 trials were assigned to the Leader Laboratory (LL), 10 to Idaho, 19 to Del Monte Research Center, and 45 to Hawaii. The LL received 133 field trials, logged and processed 711 samples, produced 48 stability samples and reported 1,247 analyses. The LL completed 126 field trials during this period; Del Monte contributed to LL productivity receiving 156 field samples, producing 63 stability samples and completing 714 analyses resulting in 36 completed trials; Hawaii received 129 samples, prepared 54 stability samples, completed 365 analyses and submitted 11 lab trials; Idaho completed 14 trials; Oregon submitted 5 lab trials; Washington completed 8 trials. A total of 200 trials were completed over the past year for the WRLS. Quality Assurance Critical Phase Inspections included 53 field, 39 lab and 1 in process. Facility inspections, 11 field, 3 lab were completed; 69 Field Databooks completed, 33 analytical summary reports and 7 petitions were completed. A total of 5 Inspections/Audits completed.

        Impacts
        (N/A)

        Publications

        • Miyake, T., Shibamoto, T. 1999 Formation of formaldehyde from methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) upon UV irradiation. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 62:416-419.
        • Pedersen, T., Shibamoto, T. 1999. Analysis of the naturally occurring pesticide rotenone by capillary gas chromatography. HRC 212: 294-296.


        Progress 01/01/95 to 12/30/95

        Outputs
        Six of the 14 Western States participated in field trials, 75 IR-4 funded and 60funded from external sources, 34 were reregistration. Eleven universities, 3 ARS, 7 private and 3 manufacturer laboratories analyzed residue samples. Six Field Research Centers (FRCs) conducted 82 projects; 141 field reports and 133 lab reports were sent to IR-4 Headquarters. Two university researchers conducted 31 ornamental projects. The Leader Lab worked on 103 projects, Idaho 34, Del Monte 24, Hawaii 10, Washington 6, and 1 to Oregon. The Leader Lab processed 691 field samples and produced 377 stability samples. Del Monte contributed to Leader Lab productivity 156 field samples and 72 stability samples; 2,119 analyses were reported, resulting in 84 lab projects completed, and 10 more projects pending Quality Assurance final approval. University of Idaho Lab received 318 samples, produced 60 stability samples, completed 314 analyses and 26 projects. Washington State University Lab received 64 samples, and produced 38 stability studies. The Oregon lab completed 336 analyses and submitted 16 lab projects. The Hawaii lab received 39 samples, prepared 76 stability studies, completed 147 analyses and submitted 7 lab projects. The Western Region Labs conducted 133 projects (a 56% increase in productivity). Quality Assurance inspections and audits conducted are as follows: Critical Phase Inspections Completed, Field 56, Lab 22, total 78. Facility Inspections Completed, Field 19, Lab 5 for a total of 24.

        Impacts
        (N/A)

        Publications

        • No publications for this reporting period.


        Progress 01/01/94 to 12/30/94

        Outputs
        Eight of the 14 Western States participated in conducting 164 field trials. IR-4funded or partially funded 129 trials and 35 were initiated with funds from external sources. Forty-six of these were re-registration projects. Thirty-two researchers participated in the field program. Eleven universities, 3 ARS, 6 private and 5 manufacturer laboratories throughout the U.S. are analyzing residue samples generated from these field trials. Two-hundred and seventy-eight Food Use Reports were sent to IR-4 Headquarters (88 lab reports and 190 field reports). Two university researchers conducted 79 Ornamental Projects. In Colorado, research on 42 pesticide/plant combinations was funded and in California, research on 37 pesticide/plant combinations carried over from 1993. IR-4 partially funded Dr. Lou Falcon to conduct a required cell culture study for the Codling Moth Granulosis Virus on mammalian cells. This study was submitted to USEPA. The Leader Lab processed 547 field samples, and produced 444 stability samples. Del Monte research lab and the University of Idaho contributed 144 samples and producing 50 stability studies. Analysis were reported (2357) resulting in 67 lab projects completed, and 16 projects with study completion pending arrival of remaining trials. Oregon received 201 samples, prepared 220 stability studies, competed 1420 analyses and submitted 14 lab projects. Hawaii received 16 samples, prepared 40 stability studies, completed 75 analyses and submitted 4 lab projects.

        Impacts
        (N/A)

        Publications

        • No publications reported this period.