VIROLOGY RESEARCH - WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY

Knowledge Area (KA)	Subject of Investigation (SOI)	Field of Science (FOS)	Percent
311	3399	1101	30%
311	3499	1101	30%
311	3699	1101	15%
311	3810	1101	15%
311	3820	1101	10%

Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17

Outputs
Target Audience:Scientists and Veterinarians Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Gain of knowledge and dissemination of information via peer reviewed publications. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continue gathering publications data for next reporting period.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is generally detailed in publications produced during this report period.

Publications

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: AlHajri SM, Cunha CW, Nicola AV, Aguilar HC, Li H, Taus NS. 2017. Ovine Herpesvirus 2 Glycoproteins B, H, and L Are Sufficient for, and Viral Glycoprotein Ov8 Can Enhance, Cell-Cell Membrane Fusion. Journal of Virology 91. Balmer BF, Powers RL, Zhang TH, Lee J, Vigant F, Lee B, Jung ME, Purcell MK, Snekvik K, Aguilar HC. 2017. Inhibition of an Aquatic Rhabdovirus Demonstrates Promise of a Broad-Spectrum Antiviral for Use in Aquaculture. Journal of Virology 91. Bildfell RJ, Li H, Alcantar BE, Cunha CW, Bradway DS, Thomas KS. 2017. Alcelaphine gammaherpesvirus 1-induced malignant catarrhal fever in a Watusi (Bos taurus africanus) steer in a North American game park. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 29:579-582. Browning DL, Everson EM, Leap DJ, Hocum JD, Wang H, Stamatoyannopoulos G, Trobridge GD. 2017. Evidence for the in vivo safety of insulated foamy viral vectors. Gene Therapy 24:187-198. Eckstrand CD, Sparger EE, Murphy BG. 2017. Central and peripheral reservoirs of feline immunodeficiency virus in cats: a review. Journal of General Virology 98:1985-1996. Eckstrand CD, Sparger EE, Pitt KA, Murphy BG. 2017. Peripheral and central immune cell reservoirs in tissues from asymptomatic cats chronically infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. Plos One 12. Johnston GP, Contreras EM, Dabundo J, Henderson BA, Matz KM, Ortega V, Ramirez A, Park A, Aguilar HC. 2017. Cytoplasmic Motifs in the Nipah Virus Fusion Protein Modulate Virus Particle Assembly and Egress. Journal of Virology 91. Monello RJ, Galloway NL, Powers JG, Madsen-Bouterse SA, Edwards WH, Wood ME, ORourke KI, Wild MA. 2017. Pathogen-mediated selection in free-ranging elk populations infected by chronic wasting disease. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 114:12208-12212. Slater OM, Peters-Kennedy J, Lejeune M, Gummer D, Macbeth B, Warren A, Joseph T, Li H, Cunha CW, Duignan PJ. 2017. Sheep-Associated Malignant Catarrhal Fever-Like Skin Disease in a Free-Ranging Bighorn Sheep (Ovis canadensis), Alberta, Canada. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 53:153-158. Stanton JB, Swanson B, Orozco E, Munoz-Gutierrez JF, Evermann JF, Ridpath JF. 2017. Immortalized sheep microglial cells are permissive to a diverse range of ruminant viruses. Veterinary Quarterly 37:52-56. Topliff CL, Alkheraif AA, Kuszynski CA, Davis WC, Steffen DJ, Schmitz JA, Eskridge KM, Charleston B, Henningson JN, Kelling CL. 2017. Experimental acute infection of alpacas with Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 subgenotype b alters peripheral blood and GALT leukocyte subsets. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 29:186-192. Weed DJ, Pritchard SM, Gonzalez F, Aguilar HC, Nicola AV. 2017. Mildly Acidic pH Triggers an Irreversible Conformational Change in the Fusion Domain of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Glycoprotein B and Inactivation of Viral Entry. Journal of Virology 91. Wudiri GA, Nicola AV. 2017. Cellular Cholesterol Facilitates the Postentry Replication Cycle of Herpes Simplex Virus 1. Journal of Virology 91. Wudiri GA, Schneider SM, Nicola AV. 2017. Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Envelope Cholesterol Facilitates Membrane Fusion. Frontiers in Microbiology 8.

Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16

Outputs
Target Audience:Scientists and Veterinarians Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Gain of knowledge and dissemination of informaiton via peer reviewed publications. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continue gathering publications data for next reporting period.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications produced during the report period.

Publications

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Aguilar HC, Henderson BA, Zamora JL, Johnston GP. 2016. Paramyxovirus glycoproteins and the membrane fusion process. Current Clinical Microbiology Reports 3(3):142-154. doi:10.1007/s40588-016-0040-8 Balmer, B.F., Powers, R.L., Zhang, T., Lee, J., Vigant, F., Lee, B., Jung, M.E., Purcell, M.K., Snekvik, K.*, Aguilar, H.C.* Inhibition of an aquatic rhabdovirus demonstrates promise of a broad-spectrum antiviral for use in aquaculture. Journal of Virology, 2016. In Press. Callaby R, Toye P, Jennings A, Thumbi SM, Coetzer JA, Conradie Van Wyk IC, Hanotte O, Mbole-Kariuki MN, Bronsvoort BM, Kruuk LE, Woolhouse ME, Kiara H. (2016) Seroprevalence of respiratory viral pathogens of indigenous calves in Western Kenya. Research in Veterinary Science 108:120-124. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.08.010 Cer�n A, Ortiz MR, �lvarez D, Palmer GH, Cord�n-Rosales C. (2016) Local disease concepts relevant to the design of a community-based surveillance program for influenza in rural Guatemala. International Journal for Equity in Health. 15:69. doi: 10.1186/s12939-016-0359-z. Hagerman, A, and Marsh, T.L .Theme Overview: Economic Consequences of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza, Choices, 2nd Quarter 2016 " 31(2). Johnson KK, Seeger R, Marsh TL. (2016) Local Economies and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Choices Quarter 2, 31(2). Lankester F, Lugelo A, Werling D, Mnyambwa N, Keyyu J, Kazwala R, . . . Haig D. (2016) The efficacy of alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (AlHV-1) immunization with the adjuvants Emulsigen� and the monomeric TLR5 ligand FliC in zebu cattle against AlHV-1 malignant catarrhal fever induced by experimental virus challenge. Veterinary Microbiology 195:144153. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.09.019. Nicola AV. 2016. Herpesvirus entry into host cells mediated by endosomal low pH. Traffic 17(9) 969-975. doi: 10.1111/tra.12408. Plattet P, Alves L, Herren M, Aguilar HC. (2016) Measles virus fusion protein: structure, function, and inhibition. Viruses 8(4):112. doi: 10.3390/v8040112. Stone JA, Baum LG, Nicola AB, Aguilar HC. (2016) Multiple novel functions of henipavirus O-glycans: the first O-glycan functions identified in the Paramyxovirus family. PLoS Pathogens, 12(2):e1005445. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005445
Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Stone, L.A., Vemulapati, B.M., Bradel-Tretheway, B., Aguilar, H.C.* Multiple strategies reveal a bi-dentate interaction between the Nipah virus attachment and fusion glycoproteins. Journal of Virology, 2016. 90(23):10762-10773. PMCID in Process. C. Souza, N. Villarino, K. Farnsworth and M. E. Black. (2016) Enhanced Cytotoxicity of Bleomycin, Cisplatin, and Carboplatin on Equine Sarcoid Cells following Electroporation-Mediated Delivery In Vitro. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther., ePub June 11, 2016. H. Ruan, S. Qui, B. Beard and M. E. Black. (2016) Chemoprotection of Hematopoietic Stem Cells via Creation of Zebularine Resistant Human Cytidine Deaminase Mutants. Protein Engineering, Selection and Design, 29:573-582. Ahlers, L.R.H., Bastos, R.G., Hiroyasi, A., Goodman, A.G. Invertebrate iridescent virus 6, a DNA virus, stimulates a mammalian innate immune response through RIG-I-like receptors. PLoS One. 2016. Nov; 11(11): e0166088. Ahlers, L.R.H., Goodman, A.G. Nucleic acid sensing and innate immunity: signaling pathways controlling viral pathogenesis and autoimmunity. Curr. Clin. Micro. Rpt. 2016 Sep; 3(3): 132-141. Stiles, R.M., Sieggreen, M.J., Preston, A., Pessier, A.P., Lannoo, M.J. 2016. First report of Ranavirus in Crawfish Frogs (Lithobates areolatus), a species of conservation concern in Indiana. Herpetological Review 47: 389-391. Rosamilia, A., Jacca, S., Tebaldi, G., Tiberti, S., Franceschi, V., Macchi, F., Cavirani, S., Kobinger, G., Knowles, D. P., G. Donofrio. (2016) BoHV-4-based vector delivering Ebola virus surface glycoprotein. Journal of Translational Medicine. 14(1):325 Pokharel SM; Shil, NK & Bose, S. Autophagy, TGF-?, and SMAD-2/3 Signaling Regulates Interferon-? Response in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infected Macrophages. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 2016; 6: 174. Published online 2016 Dec 12. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2016.00174.

Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15

Outputs
Target Audience:Scientists and Veterinarians. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Gain of knowledge and dissemination of information via peer reviewed publications. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continue gathering publications data for next reporting period.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications produced during the report period.

Publications

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Ramsay JD, Evanoff R, Wilkinson TE Jr, Divers TJ, Knowles DP, Mealey RH. Experimental transmission of equine hepacivirus in horses as a model for hepatitis C virus. Hepatology 2015; 61(5):1533-46. Liu, Q., Bradel-Tretheway, B., Monreal, A. I., Saludes, J. P., Lu, X., Nicola, A. V., and H. C. Aguilar. 2015. Nipah virus attachment glycoprotein stalk C-terminal region links receptor binding to fusion triggering. Journal of Virology 89: 1838-1850. LeCuyer, T. E., Rink, A., Bradway, D. S., Evermann, J. F., Nicola, A. V., Baszler, T. and G. J. Haldorson. 2015. Abortion in a Mediterranean miniature donkey associated with a gammaherpesvirus similar to Equid herpesvirus 7. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 27(6):749-53. Walker, E. B., Pritchard, S. M., Aguilar, H. C., and A. V. Nicola. 2015. Polyethylene glycol-mediated fusion of herpes simplex virions with the plasma membrane of cells that support endocytic entry. Virology Journal 12:190. Nelson DD, Duprau JL, Wolff PL, Evermann JF. 2015. Persistent Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus infection in domestic and wild small ruminants with an emphasis on the mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus). Frontiers in Microbiology. 6: 1415-1421. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01415 Bradel-Tretheway BG, Liu Q, Stone JA, McInally S, Aguilar HC. (2015) Novel Functions of Hendra Virus G N-Glycans and Comparisons to Nipah Virus. Journal of Virology, 89(14):7235-47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00773-15. Cunha CW, Taylorb KE, Pritchard SM, Delboy MG, Komala-Sari T, Aguilar HC, Mossman KL, Nicola AV. (2015) Widely used herpes simplex virus 1 ICP0 deletion mutant strain dl1403 and its derivative viruses do not express glycoprotein C due to a secondary mutation in the gC gene. PLoS One, 10(7):e0131129. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131129 Garner OB, Yun T, Pernet O, Aguilar HC, Park A, Bowden TA, Freiberg AN, Lee B, Baum LG. (2015) Timing of galectin-1 exposure differentially modulates Nipah virus entry and syncytia formation in endothelial cells. Journal of Virology, 89:2520-2529. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02435-14. Ip H, Torchetti MK, Crespo R, Kohrs P, Mansfield K, Badcoe L, Bodenstein B, Boschler V, Killian ML, Pedersen J, Hines N, DeLiberto T, Baszler T, Gidlewski T. (2015) Novel Eurasian highly pathogenic avian influenza A H5 viruses in wild birds, Washington, USA, 2014. Emerging and Infectious Diseases, 21(5): 886-890. doi: 10.3201/eid2105.142020. Lankester F, Lugelo A. Kazwala R, Keyyu J, Cleaveland S, Yoder J. (2015) The economic impact of malignant catarrhal fever on pastoralist livelihoods. PLoS One, 10(1): e0116059. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116059.
Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Lankester F, Lugelo A, Mnyambwa N, Ndabigaye A, Keyyu J, Kazwala R, Grant D, Relf V, Haig D, Cleaveland S, Russell GC. (2015) Alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (malignant catarrhal fever virus) in wildebeest placenta: genetic variation of ORF50 and A9.5 alleles. PLoS One, 10(5): e0124121. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124121. Minyoo A, Steinmetz M, Czupryna A, Bigambo M, Mzimbiri I, Powell G, Lankester F. (2015) Incentives increase participation in mass dog rabies vaccination clinics and methods of coverage estimation are assessed to be accurate. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 9(12):e0004221. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004221. Munoz-Gutierrez JF, Schneider DA, Baszler TV, Dinkel KD, Greenless JJ, Nicholson E, Stanton JB. (2015) hTERT-immortalized ovine microglia propogate natural scrapie isolates. Virus Research, 198:35-43, 2015. doi: 10.1016/J.virusres.2014.10.028. Nanyingi MO, Munyua P, Kiama SG, Muchemi GM, Thumbi SM, Bitek AO, Bett B, Muriithi RM, Kariuki Njenga M. (2015) A systematic review of Rift Valley Fever epidemiology 1931-2014. Infection Ecology and Epidemiology, 5:28024. doi: 10.3402/iee.v5.28024. Viana M, Cleaveland S, Matthiopoulos J, Halliday J, Packer C, Packer C, Craft ME, Hampson K, Czupryna A, Dobson AP, Dubovi EJ, Ernest E, Fyumagwa R, Hoare R, Hopcraft JG, Horton DL, Kaare MT, Kanellos T, Lankester F, Mentzel C, Mlengeya T, Mzimbiri I, Takahashi E, Willett B, Haydon DT, Lembo T. (2015) Dynamics of a morbillivirus at the domestic wildlife interface: Canine distemper virus in domestic dogs and lions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 112(5), 14641469. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1411623112. Xu K, Chan Y-P, Bradel-Tretheway B, Akyol-Ataman Z, Zhu Y, Dutta S, Yan L, Feng Y, Wang LF, Skiniotis G, Lee B, Zhou H, Broder CC, Aguilar HC, Nikolov DB. (2015) Crystal structure of the pre-fusion Nipah virus fusion glycoprotein reveals a novel hexamer-of-trimers assembly. PLoS Pathogens, 11(12):e1005322. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005322.

Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14

Outputs
Target Audience:Scientists and Veterinarians. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Gain of knowledge and dissemination of information via peer reviewed publications. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Resume gathering publications data for next reporting period.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications produced during the report period, however publication data was not gathered during this reporting period.

Publications

Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13

Outputs
Target Audience:Scientists and veterinarians. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Gain of knowledge and dissemination of information via peer reviewed publications. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications.

Publications

Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12

Outputs
OUTPUTS: This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below: PARTICIPANTS: Not relevant to this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
Impact narrative has not been submitted. This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University.

Publications

Aguilar HC, Iorio R. Henipavirus membrane fusion and viral entry. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology 359:79-94, 2012.
Cunha CW, Gailbreath KL, OToole D, Knowles DP, Schneider DA, White SN, Taus NS, Davies CJ, Davis WC, Li, H. Ovine herpesvirus 2 infection in American bison: Virus and host dynamics in the development of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever. Veterinary Microbiology 159:307-319, 2012.
Dassanayake RP, Schneider DA, Herrmann-Hoesing LM, Truscott TC, Davis WC, O'Rourke KI. Cell-surface expression of PrPC and the presence of scrapie prions in the blood of goats. Journal of General Virology 93:1127-31, 2012.
Li H, Brooking A, Cunha CW, Highland MA, O'Toole D, Knowles DP, Taus NS. Experimental induction of malignant catarrhal fever in pigs with ovine herpesvirus 2 by intranasal nebulization. Veterinary Microbiology 159:485-489, 2012.
Maar D, Harmon B, Chu D, Schulz B, Aguilar HC, Lee B, Negrete O. Cysteines in the stalk of the Nipah virus G glycoprotein are located in a distinct subdomain critical for fusion activation. Journal of Virology 86:6632-6642, 2012.
Madsen-Bouterse SA, Zhuang D, O'Rourke KI, Schneider DA. Differential immunoreactivity of goat derived scrapie following in vitro misfolding versus mouse bioassay. Biochemical Communication and Biophysical Research. 423:770-774, 2012.
O'Rourke KI, Schneider DA, Spraker TR, Dassanayake RP, Highland MA, Zhuang D, Truscott TC. Transmissibility of caprine scrapie in ovine transgenic mice. BMC Veterinary Research 2:42, 2012.
Stanton JB, Schneider DA, Dinkel KD, Balmer BF, Baszler TV, Mathison BA, Boykin DW, Kumar A. Discovery of a novel, monocationic, small-molecule inhibitor of scrapie prion accumulation in cultured sheep microglia and Rov cells. PLoS ONE 7: e51173, PMCID: PMC3511409, 2012.
White SN, Reynolds JO, Waldron DF, Schneider DA, O'Rourke KI. Extended scrapie incubation time in goats singly heterozygous for PRNP S146 or K222. Gene 501:49-51, 2012.

Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11

Outputs
OUTPUTS: This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below: PARTICIPANTS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
Impact narrative has not been submitted. This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University.

Publications

ORourke KI, Zhuang D, Truscott TC, Yan H, Schneider DA. Sparse PrP(Sc) accumulation in the placentas of goats with naturally acquired scrapie. BMC Veterinary Research 7:7, 2011.
Dassanayake RP, Schneider DA, Truscott TC, Young AJ, Zhuang D, ORourke KI. Classical scrapie prions in ovine blood are associated with B lymphocytes and platelet-rich plasma. BMC Veterinary Research 7:75, 2011.
Delboy MG, Nicola AV. A pre-immediate early role for tegument ICPO in the proteasome-dependent entry of herpes simplex virus. Journal of Virology 85:5910-5918, 2011.
Aguilar HC, Lee B. Emerging paramyxoviruses: molecular mechanisms and antiviral strategies. Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine 13:e6. PMID: 21345285, 2011.
Dollery SJ, Wright CC, Johnson DC, Nicola AV. Low-pH-dependent changes in the conformation and oligomeric state of the prefusion form of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein B are separable from fusion activity. Journal of Virology 85:9964-9973, 2011.
Huang H, Soutyrine A, Rendulich J, ORourke K, Balachandran A. Investigation of the effects of experimental autolysis on the detection of abnormal prion protein in lymphoid and central nervous system tissues from elk and sheep using the Western blotting method. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 75:69-72, 2011.
Johnson JB, Aguilar HC, Lee B, Parks GD. Interaction of human complement with virus particles containing the Nipah virus glycoproteins. Journal of Virology 85:5940-5948, 2011.
Li H, Cunha CW, Gailbreath KL, OToole D, White SN, Vanderplasschen A, Dewals B, Knowles DP, Taus NS. Characterization of ovine herpesvirus 2-induced malignant catarrhal fever in rabbits. Veterinary Microbiology 150:270-277, 2011.
Li H, Cunha CW, Taus NS. Malignant catarrhal fever: Understanding molecular diagnostics in context of epidemiology. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 12:6881-6893, 2011.
Mirza AM, Aguilar HC, Zhu Q, Mahon PJ, Rota PA, Lee B, Iorio RM. Triggering of the Newcastle disease virus fusion protein by a chimeric attachment protein that binds to Nipah virus receptors. Journal of Biological Chemistry 286:17851-17860, 2011.
Straub TM, Bartholomew RA, Valdez CO, Valentine NB, Dohnalkova A, Ozanich RM, Bruckner-Lea CJ, Call DR. Human norovirus infection of Caco-2 cells grown as a three-dimensional tissue structure. Journal of Water and Health 9:225-239, 2011.

Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/10

Outputs
OUTPUTS: This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below: PARTICIPANTS: Not relevant to this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
Impact narrative has not been submitted. This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University.

Publications

White SN, ORourke KI, Gidlewski T, VerCauteren KC, Mousel MR, Phillips GE, Spraker TR: Increased risk of chronic wasting disease in Rocky Mountain elk associated with decreased magnesium and increased manganese in brain tissue. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 74:50-53, 2010.
Gailbreath KL, OToole D, Taus NS, Knowles DP, Oaks JL, Li H: Experimental nebulization of American bison (Bison bison) with low doses of ovine herpesvirus 2 from sheep nasal secretions. Veterinary Microbiology 143:389-393, 2010.
Harrington NP, ORourke KI, Feng Y, Rendulich J, Difruscio C, Balachandran A: Prion genotypes of scrapie-infected Canadian sheep 1998-2008. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 74:228-232, 2010.
Mitchell GB, ORourke KI, Harrington NP, Soutyrine A, Simmons MM, Dudas S, Zhuang D, Laude H, Balachandran A: Identification of atypical scrapie in Canadian sheep. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 22:408-411, 2010.
Nelson DD, Davis WC, Brown WC, Li H, OToole D, Oaks JL: CD8+/perforin+/WC1− γδ T cells, not CD8+ αβ T cells, infiltrate vasculitis lesions of American bison (Bison bison) with experimental sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 136:284-291, 2010.
Soboll G, Breathnach CC, Kydd JH, Hussey SB, Mealey RH, Lunn DP: Vaccination of ponies with the IE gene of EHV-1 in a recombinant modified live vaccinia vector protects against clinical and virological disease. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 135:108-117, 2010.
Taus NS, Schneider DA, Oaks JL, Yan H, Gailbreath KL, Knowles DP, Li H: Sheep (Ovis aries) airway epithelial cells support ovine herpesvirus 2 lytic replication in vivo. Veterinary Microbiology 145:47-53, 2010.
White SN, Spraker TR, Reynolds JO, ORourke KI: Association analysis of PRNP gene region with chronic wasting disease in Rocky Mountain elk. BMC Research Notes 3:314, 2010.

Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09

Outputs
OUTPUTS: This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below: PARTICIPANTS: Not relevant to this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
Impact narrative has not been submitted. This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University.

Publications

Crespo R, Shivaprasad HL, Franca M, Woolcock PR: Isolation and distribution of West Nile virus in embryonated chicken eggs. Avian Diseases 53:608-612, 2009.
Cunha CW, Otto L, Taus NS, Knowles DP, Li H: Development of a multiplex real-time PCR for detection and differentiation of malignant catarrhal fever viruses in clinical samples. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 47:2586-2589, 2009.
McNees AL, Vilchez RA, Heard TC, Sroller V, Wong C, Herron AJ, Hamilton MJ, Davis WC, Butel JS: SV40 lymphomagenesis in Syrian golden hamsters. Virology 384: 114-124, 2009.
Stanton JB, Knowles DP, Call DR, Mathison BA, Baszler TV: Limited transcriptional response of ovine microglia to prion accumulation. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 386:345-350, 2009.

Progress 01/01/08 to 12/31/08

Outputs
OUTPUTS: This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below: PARTICIPANTS: Not relevant to this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
Impact narrative has not been submitted. This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University.

Publications

Cooley AJ, Taus NS, Li H 2008: Development of a management program for a mixed species wildlife park following an occurrence of malignant catarrhal fever. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 39:380-385.
Cunha CW, Traul DL, Taus NS, Oaks JL, OToole D, Davitt CM, Li H 2008: Detection of ovine herpes virus 2 major capsid gene transcripts as an indicator of virus replication in shedding sheep and clinically affected animals. Virus Research 132:69-75.
Evoniuk JM, Johnson ML, Borowicz PP, Caton JS, Vonnahme KA, Reynolds LP, Taylor JB, Stoltenow CL, ORourke KI, Redmer DA 2008: Effects of nutrition and genotype on prion protein (PrPC) gene expression in the fetal and maternal sheep placenta. Placenta 29:422-8.
Gailbreath KL, Oaks JL 2008: Herpes viral inclusion body disease in owls and falcons is caused by the pigeon herpes virus (columbid herpes virus 1). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 44:427-433.
Gailbreath KL, Taus NS, Cunha CW, Knowles DP, Li H 2008: Experimental infection of rabbits with ovine herpes virus 2 from sheep nasal secretions. Veterinary Microbiology 132:65-73.
Hamir AN, Richt JA, Miller JM, Konkel RA, Hall SM, Nicholson EM, ORourke KI, Greenlee JJ, Williams ES 2008: Experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD) of elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) to white-tailed deer by intracerebral route. Veterinary Pathology 45:297-306.
Garner MM, Ramsell K, Morera N, Juan-Salles C, Jimenez J, Ardiaca M, Montesinos A, Teifke JP, Lohr CV, Evermann JF, Baszler TV, Nordhausen RW, Wise AG, Maes RK, Kiupel M 2008: Clinicopathologic features of a systemic coronavirus-associated disease resembling feline infectious peritonitis in the domestic ferret (Mustela purtorius). Veterinary Pathology 45:236-246.
Li H, Karney G, OToole D, Crawford TB 2008: Long distance spread of malignant catarrhal fever virus from feedlot lambs to ranch bison. Canadian Veterinary Journal 49:183-185.
Harrington RD, Baszler TV, ORourke KI, Schneider DA, Spraker TR, Liggitt HD, Knowles DP 2008: A species barrier limits transmission of chronic wasting disease to mink (Mustela vison). Journal of General Virology 89:1086-1096.
Laegreid WW, Clawson ML, Heaton MP, Green BT, ORourke KI, Knowles DP 2008: Scrapie resistance in ARQ sheep. Journal of Virology 82:10318-10320.
Li H, Cunha CW, Davies CJ, Gailbreath KL, Knowles DP, Oaks JL, Taus NS 2008: Ovine herpes virus 2 replicates initially in the lung of experimentally infected sheep. Journal of General Virology 89:1699-1708.
Manning L, ORourke KI, Knowles DP, Marsh SA, Spencer YI, Moffat E, Wells GA, Czub S 2008: A collaborative Canadian-United Kingdom evaluation of an immunohistochemistry protocol to diagnose bovine spongiform encephalopathy. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 20:504-508.
Nelson DD, Dark MJ, Bradway DS, Ridpath JF, Call N, Haruna J, Rurangirwa FR, Evermann JF 2008: Evidence for persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in a captive mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus). Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 20:752-759.
Schneider DA, Yan H, Fry LM, Alverson J, White SN, ORourke KI 2008: Myenteric neurons of the ileum that express somatostatin are a target of prion neuroinvasion in an alimentary model of sheep scrapie. Acta Neuropathologica 115:651-661.
Stanton JB, Knowles DP, ORourke KI, Herrmann-Hoesing LM, Mathison BA, Baszler TV 2008: Small-ruminant lentivirus enhances PrPSc accumulation in cultured sheep microglial cells. Journal of Virology 82:9839-9847.
White S, Herrmann-Hoesing L, ORourke K, Waldron D, Rowe J, Alverson J 2008: Prion gene (PRNP) haplotype variation in United States goat breeds. Genetics Selection Evolution 40:553-561.

Progress 01/01/07 to 12/31/07

Outputs
This is an umbrella project virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
Impact narrative has not been submitted. This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University.

Publications

Anderson IE, Buxton D, Campbell I, Russell G, Davis WC, Hamilton MJ, Haig DM: Immunohistochemical study of experimental malignant catarrhal fever in rabbits. Journal of Comparative Pathology 136:156-166, 2007.
Cunha CW, Traul DL, Taus NS, Oaks JL, OToole D, Davitt CM, Li H: Detection of ovine herpesvirus 2 major capsid gene transcripts as an indicator of virus replication in shedding sheep and clinically affected animals. Virus Research e-published December 1, 2007.
ORourke KI, Spraker TR, Zhuang D, Greenlee JJ, Gidlewski TE: Elk with a long incubation prion disease phenotype have a unique PrPd profile. Neuroreport 18:1935-1938, 2007.
OToole D, Taus NS, Montgomery DL, Oaks JL, Crawford TB, Li H: Intra-nasal Inoculation of American bison (Bison bison) with ovine herpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2) reliably reproduces malignant catarrhal fever. Veterinary Pathology 44:655-662, 2007.
Taus NS, Herndon DR, Traul DL, Stewart JP, Ackermann M, Li H, Knowles DP, Lewis GS, Brayton KA: Comparison of ovine herpesvirus 2 genomes isolated from domestic sheep (Ovis aries) and a clinically affected cow (Bos bovis). Journal of General Virology 88:40-45, 2007.
Traul DL, Taus NS, Oaks JL, OToole D, Rurangirwa FR, Baszler TV, Li H: Validation of nonnested and real-time PCR for diagnosis of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in clinical samples. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 19:405-408, 2007.
Warg JV, Dikkeboom AL, Goodwin AE, Snekvik K, Whitney J: Comparison of multiple genes of spring viremia of carp viruses isolated in the United States. Virus Genes 35:87-95, 2007.
Odeon DM, Garner MM, Taus NS, Li H, Coke RL: Ibex-associated malignant catarrhal fever in a bongo antelope (Tragelaphus euryceros). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 38:460-464, 2007.

Progress 01/01/06 to 12/31/06

Outputs
This is an umbrella project virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
Impact narrative has not been submitted. This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University.

Publications

Klink HA, Brady RP, Topliff CL, Eskridge KM, Srikumaran S, Kelling CL: Influence of bovine respiratory syncytial virus F glycoprotein N-linked glycans on in vitro expression and on antibody responses in BALB/c mice. Vaccine 24:3388-3395, 2006.
Li H, Taus NS, Jones C, Murphy B, Evermann JF, Crawford TB: A devastating outbreak of malignant catarrhal fever in a bison feedlot. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 18:119-123, 2006.
Taus NS, Oaks JL, Gailbreath K, Traul DL, OToole D, Li H: Experimental aerosol infection of cattle (Bos taurus) with ovine herpesvirus 2 using nasal secretions from infected sheep. Veterinary Microbiology 116:29-36, 2006.
Warg JV, Dikkeboom AL, Goodwin AE, Snekvik K, Whitney J: Comparison of multiple genes of spring viremia of carp viruses isolated in the United States. Virus Genes (E-published), 2006.
Evermann JF: Pestiviral infection of llamas and alpacas. Sm Ruminant Res 61:201-206, 2006.
Alverson J, ORourke KI, Baszler TV: PrPSC accumulation in fetal cotyledons of scrapie- resistant lambs is influenced by fetus location in the uterus. Journal of General Virology 87:1035-1041, 2006.
Baszler TV, Kiupel M, Williams EW, Thomsen BV, Gidlewski T, Montgomery DL, ORourke KI, Hall SM: Comparison of two automated immunohistochemical procedures for the diagnosis of scrapie in domestic sheep and chronic wasting disease in North American white-tailed deer and mule deer. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 18:147-155, 2006.
Dean J, Latimer KS, Oaks JL, Schrenzel M, Redig PT, Wunschmann A: Falcon adenovirus infection in breeding Taita falcons (Falco fasciinucha). Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 18:282-286, 2006.
Herrmann LM, Baszler TV, ORourke KI, Suarez CE, Bakko M, Alverson J, Knowles DP: Fewer PrPc myeloid-based cells in sheep with the prion-resistant genotype. NeuroReport 17:125-129, 2006.

Progress 01/01/05 to 12/31/05

Outputs
This is an umbrella project virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
Impact narrative has not been submitted. This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University.

Publications

Li, H., Gailbreath, K., Flach, E.J., Taus, N.S., Cooley, J., Keller, J., Russell, G.C., Knowles, D.P., Haig, D.M., Oaks, J.L., Traul, D.L. and Crawford, T.B. 2005. A novel subgroup of rhadinoviruses in ruminants. Journal of General Virology 86:3021-3026.
Li, H., Keller, J., Knowles, D.P., Taus, N.S., Oaks, J,L. and Crawford, T.B. 2005. Transmission of caprine herpesvirus 2 in domestic goats. Veterinary Microbiology 107:23-29.
Li, H., OToole, D., Kim, O., Oaks, J.L. and Crawford, T.B. 2005. Malignant catarrhal fever-like disease in sheep after intranasal inoculation with ovine herpesvirus-2. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 17:171-175.
Oaks, J.L., Schrenzel, M., Rideout, B.A. and Sandfort, C. 2005. Isolation and epidemiology of falcon adenovirus. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 43:3414-3420.
Schrenzel, M., Oaks, J.L., Rotstein D, Maalouf, G., Snook, E, Sandfort C, Rideout BA: Characterization of a new species of adenovirus in falcons. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 43:3402-3413, 2005.
Taus, N.S., Traul, D.L., Oaks, J.L., Crawford, T.B., Lewis, G.S. and Li, H. 2005. Experimental infection of sheep with ovine herpesvirus 2 via aerosolization of nasal secretions. Journal of General Virology 86:575-579.
Traul, D.L., Elias, S., Taus, N.S., Herrmann, L.M., Oaks, J.L. and Li, H. 2005. A real-time PCR assay for measuring alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 DNA. Journal of Virological Methods 129:186-190.

Progress 01/01/04 to 12/31/04

Outputs
This is an umbrella project virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
Impact narrative has not been submitted. This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University.

Publications

Ambagala APN, Gopinath RS, Srikumaran S. 2004. Peptide transport activity of transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) is inhibited by an early protein of equine herpes virus-1 (EHV-1). Journal of General Virology 85:349-353.
Brayton KA, O Rourke KI, Lyda AK, Miller MW, Knowles, Jr DP. 2004: A processed pseudogene contributes to apparent mule deer prion gene heterogeneity. Gene 326:167-173.
Caplazi PA, O Rourke KI, Baszler TV. 2004. Resistance to scrapie in PrP 171RQ heterozygous sheep is not caused by preferential allelic use. Journal of Clinical Pathology 57:647-650.
Caplazi P, O Rourke K, Wolf C, Shaw D, Baszler TV. 2004. Biology of PrPsc accumulation in two natural scrapie-infected sheep flocks. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 16:489-496.
Li H, Taus NS, Lewis GS, Kim O, Traul DL, Crawford TB. 2004. Shedding of ovine herpesvirus 2 in sheep nasal secretions: The predominant mode for transmission. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 42:5558-5564.
O Rourke KI, Spraker TR, Hamburg LK, Besser TE, Brayton KA, Knowles DP. 2004. Polymorphisms in the prion precursor functional gene but not the pseudogene are associated with susceptibility to chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer. Journal of General Virology 85:1339-1346.
Roy P, Dhillon AS, Lauerman L, Shivaprasad HL. 2004. Detection of avian polyoma virus infection by polymerase chain reaction using formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues. Avian Diseases 48:400-404.
Spraker TR, Balachandran A, Zhuang D, O Rourke KI. 2004. Variable patterns of PrPCWD distribution in obex and cranial lymphoid tissues of Rocky Mountain elk with nonclinical chronic wasting disease. Veterinary Record 155:295-302.
Munson,Evermann, et al. 2004. Viral infections of free-ranging cheetahs. J Wildlife Diseases 40:23-31.

Progress 01/01/03 to 12/31/03

Outputs
This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
Impact narrative has not been submitted. This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University.

Publications

Li H, Wunschmann A, Keller J, Hall DG, Crawford TB. 2003. Caprine herpesvirus-2 associated malignant catarrhal fever in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 15:46-49.
O'Rourke KI, Zhuang D, Lyda AK, Gomez G, Williams ES, Tuo WB, Miller MW. 2003. Abundant PrPCWD in tonsil from must deer with preclinical chronic wasting disease. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 15:320-323.
Herrmann LM, Cheevers WP, Davis WC, Knowles DP, O'Rourke KI. 2003. CD21-positive follicular dendritic cells: A possible source of PrPSc in lymph node macrophages of scrapie-infected sheep. American Journal of Pathology 162:1075-1081.
Kim O, Li H, Crawford TB. 2003. Demonstration of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever virions in sheep nasal secretions. Virus Research 98:112-117.
Li H, Gailbreath K, Bender LC, West K, Keller J, Crawford TB. 2003. Evidence of three new members of malignant catarrhal fever virus group in muskox (Ovibos moschatus), Nubian ibex (Capra nubiana) and gemsbok (Oryx gazelle). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 39:875-880.
Valdez RA, Rock MJ, Anderson AK, O'Rourke KI. 2003. Immunohistochemical detection and distribution of prion protein in a goat with natural scrapie. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 15:157-162.
Brayton KA, O'Rourke KI, Lyda AK, Miller MW, Knowles DP. 2003. A processed pseudogene contributes to apparent mule deer prion gene heterogeneity. Gene 326:167-173.
Simon S, Li H, O'Toole D, Crawford TB, Oaks JL. 2003. The vascular lesions of a cow and bison with sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever contain ovine herpesvirus 2-infected CD8+ T lymphocytes. Journal of General Virology 84:2009-2013.
Paramithiotis E, Pinard M, Lawton T, LaBoissiere S, Leathers VL, Zou W-Q, Estey LA, Lamontagne J, Lehto MT, Kondejewske LH, Francoeur GP, Papadopoulos M, Haghighat A, Spatz SJ, Head M, Will R, Ironside J, O'Rourke K, Tonelli K, Ledebur HC, Chakrabartty A, Cashman NR. 2003. A prion protein epitope selective for the pathologically misfolded conformation. Nature Medicine 9:893-899.

Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02

Outputs
This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
(N/A)

Publications

Evermann, JF and Ridpath JF: 2002. Clinical and epidemiologic observations of bovine viral diarrhea virus in the northwestern United States. Vet Microbiol 89:129-139.
Zarnke RL, Evermann JF, Ver Hoef JM, et al. 2002. Serologic survey for canine coronavirus in wolves from interior Alaska, 1994-1999. J Wildlife Dis, 37:740-745.
Borucki MK, Kempf BJ, Blitvich B, Blair CD, Beaty BJ: 2002. La Crosse virus: Replication in vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. Microbes and Infection 4:341-350.
Crawford TB, Li H, Rosenburg SR, Norhauser RW, Garner MM: 2002. Mural folliculitis and alopecia caused by infection with goat-associated malignant catarrhal fever virus in two sika deer. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 221:843-847.
Henderson S, Leibnitz G, Turnbull M, Palmer GH: 2002. False-positive human immunodeficiency virus seroconversion is not common following rabies vaccination. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 9:942-943.
Herrmann LM, Baszler TV, Knowles DP, Cheevers WP: 2002. PrPSc is not detected in peripheral blood leukocytes of scrapie-infected sheep: Determining the limit of sensitivity using immunohistochemistry. Clinical Laboratory Diagnostic Investigation 9:499-502.
Li H, Snowder G, Crawford TB: 2002. Effect of passive transfer of maternal immune components on infection with ovine herpesvirus 2 in lambs. American Journal of Veterinary Research 63:631-633.
Meissner JD, Rowe JE, Borucki MK, St Jeor SC: 2002. Complete nucleotide sequence of a Chilean hantavirus. Virus Research 89:131-143.
O'Toole D, Li H, Sourk C, Montgomery DL, Crawford TB: 2002. Malignant catarrhal fever in a bison feedlot 1994 - 2000. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 14:183-193.
Tuo W, O'Rourke KI, Zhuang D, Cheevers WP, Spraker TR, Knowles DP: 2002. Pregnancy status and fetal prion genetics determine PrP-Sc accumulation in placentomes of scrapie-infected sheep. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99:6310-6315.
Zarnke R, Li H, Crawford TB: 2002. Serum antibody prevalence of malignant catarrhal fever viruses in seven wildlife species from Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 38:500-504.

Progress 01/01/01 to 12/31/01

Outputs
This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
(N/A)

Publications

Guo M. Evermann JF, Saif LJ. 2001. Detection and molecular characterization of culturable caliciviruses from clinically normal mink and enteric cliciviruses associated with diarrhea in mink. Arch. Virol. 146:479-493.
Evermann JF, Leathers CW, Gorham JR, et al. 2001. Pathogenesis of two strains of lion (Panthera leo) morbillivirus in ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). Vet Pathol 38:311-316.
Herrmann LM, Davis WC, Knowles DP, Wardrop KJ, Sy MS, Gambetti P, O'Rourke KI. 2001. Cellular prion protein is expressed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells but not platelets of normal and scrapie-infected sheep. Haematologica 86:164-171.
Li H, Hua Y, Snowder G, Crawford TB. 2001. Levels of ovine herpesvirus 2 DNA in nasal secretions and blood of sheep: Implications for transmission. Veterinary Microbiology 79:301-310.
Li H, McGuire TC, Uwe U, Muller-Doblies UU, Crawford TB. 2001. A simpler, more sensitive competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibody to malignant catarrhal fever viruses. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 13:361-364.
Tuo W, Zhuang D, Knowles DP, Cheevers WP, Sy MS, O'Rourke KI. 2001. PrP-C and PrP-Sc at the fetal-maternal interface. Journal of Biological Chemistry 276:18229-18234.

Progress 01/01/00 to 12/31/00

Outputs
This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
(N/A)

Publications

Herrmann LM, Baszler TV, Knowles DP. 2000. PrP(c) mRNA, but not PrP(Sc) is found in the salivary glands of scrapie-infected sheep. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1479:147-154.
Li H, Dyer N, Keller J, Crawford TB. 2000. Newly recognized herpesvirus causing malignant catarrhal fever in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38:1313-1318.
Li H, Keller J, Knowles DP, Crawford TB. 2000. Recognition of another member of the malignant catarrhal fever virus group: An endemic gammaherpesvirus in domestic goats. Journal of General Virology 82:227-232.
Li H, Snowder G, O'Toole D, Crawford TB. 2000. Transmission of ovine herpesvirus 2 among adult sheep. Veterinary Microbiology 71:27-35.
O'Rourke KI, Baszler TV, Besser TE, Miller JM, Cutlip RC, Well GA, Ryder SJ, Parish SM, Hamir AN, Cockett NE, Jenny A, Knowles DP. 2000. Preclinical diagnosis of scrapie by immunohistochemistry of third eyelid lymphoid tissue. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38:3254-3259.

Progress 01/01/99 to 12/31/99

Outputs
This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
(N/A)

Publications

Oaks JL, Ulibarri C, Crawford TB. 1999. Endothelial cell infection in vivo by equine infectious anemia virus. Journal of General Virology 80:2393-2397.
Murray DL, Kapke CA, Evermann JF, et al. 1999. Infectious diseases and the conservation of free-ranging large carnivores. Animal Conservation 2:241-254.
Ott RL, Evermann JF, McKeirnan AJ, Pedersen NC. 1999. Apparent failure of feline leukemia vaccination alone to prevent leukemia in a high-risk cat colony. Feline Prac. (In press).
Cantor GH, Pritchard SM, Orlik O, Splitter GA, Davis WC, Reeves R. 1999. Bovine leukemia virus transmembrane protein gp30 physically associates with the down-regulatory phosphatase SHP-1. Cellular Immunology 193:117-124.
Cheevers WP, Cordery-Cotter R, McGuire TC, DeMartini JC. 1999. Neutralizing antibody responses and evolution of antigenic variants in monozygotic twin lambs infected with phenotypically distinct ovine lentiviruses. Virology 258:382-388.
Crawford TB, Li H, O'Toole D. 1999. Diagnosis of malignant catarrhal fever by PCR using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 11:111-116.
Dequiedt F, Cantor GH, Hamilton VT, Pritchard SM, Davis WC, Kerkhofs P, Burny A, Kettmann R, Willems L. 1999. Bovine leukemia virus-induced persistent lymphocytosis in cattle does not correlate with increased ex vivo survival of B lymphocytes. Journal of Virology 73:1127-1137.
Hua Y, Li H, Crawford TB. 1999. Quantitation of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever viral DNA by competitive polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 11:117-121.
Li H, Dyer N, Keller J, Crawford TB. 1999. A newly recognized herpesvirus causing malignant catarrhal fever in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Journal of Clinical Microbiology (In press).
Li H, Snowder G, Crawford TB. 1999. Production of malignant catarrhal fever virus-free sheep. Veterinary Microbiology 65:167-172.
Li H, Snowder G, O'Toole D, Crawford TB. 1999. Transmission of ovine herpesvirus 2 among adult sheep. Veterinary Microbiology (In press).
Li H, Westover WC, Crawford TB. 1999. Sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in a petting zoo. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 30:408-412.
Russell KE, Perkins PC, Miller RT, Walker KM, Hoffman MR, Fuller FJ, Sellon DC. 1999. Peripheral platelet destruction in thrombocytopenic ponies acutely infected with equine infectious anemia virus. Virology 259:7-19.
Sellon DC, Russell KE, Walker KM. 1999. Increased interleukin-6 (IL-6) activity in the serum of ponies acutely infected with equine infectious anemia virus. Res Vet Sci. 66:77-80.
Fang J, Bredow S, Taishi P, Majde JA, Krueger JM. 1999. Synthetic influenza viral double-stranded RNA induces an acute-phase response in rabbits. J Med Virol. 57(2):198-203.
Oaks JL, Ulibarri C, Crawford TB. 1999. Endothelial cell infection in vivo by equine infectious anaemia virus. J Gen Virol. Sep;80 (Pt 9):2393-7.

Progress 01/01/98 to 12/31/98

Outputs
This is an umbrella project for virology research in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Washington State University. Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
(N/A)

Publications

Cantor GH. 1998. Bovine leukemia virus ribozymes. Methods in Molecular Medicine 11:119-129.
Li H, Snowder G, O'Toole D, Crawford TB. 1998. Transmission of ovine herpesvirus 2 in lambs. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36:223-226.
Trueblood ES, Brown WC, Palmer GH, Davis WC, Stone DM, McElwain TF. 1998. B-lymphocyte proliferation during bovine leukemia virus-induced persistent lymphocytosis is enhanced by T-lymphocyte derived interleukin-2. Journal of Virology 72:3169-3177.
von Beust BR, Brown WC, Estes DM, Zarlenga DS, McElwain TF, Palmer GH. 1998. Development and in vitro characterization of recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing BLV gp51 in combination with bovine IL4 or IL12. Vaccine 17:384-395.

Progress 01/01/97 to 12/31/97

Outputs
Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
(N/A)

Publications

SHAD G, WILSON WC, MECHAM JO, EVERMANN JF. 1997. Bluetongue virus detection. A safer reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for prediction of viremia in sheep. 9:118-124.
DHILLON AJ, JACK OK. 1997. Carcinogenic potential of 11 avian adenovirus serotypes. Avian Diseases 41:247-251.
O'TOOLE D, LI H, MILLER D, WILLIAMS WR, CRAWFORD TB. 1997. Chronic and recovered cases of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in cattle. Veterinary Record 140:519-524.

Progress 01/01/96 to 12/30/96

Outputs
Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
(N/A)

Publications

Evermann JF, Foreyt WJ, Hall B, McKeirnan AJ: Occurrence of puma lentivirus infection in Washington cougars. Felis concolor Journal of Wildlife Diseases (Inpress).
Li H, Shen DT, Jessup DA, Knowles DP, Gorham JR, Thorne T, O'Toole D, Crawford TB: 1996. Prevalence of antibody to malignant catarrhal fever virus in wild and domestic ruminants by competitive-inhibition ELISA. Journal of Wildlife Diseases
O'Rourke KI, Holyoak GR, Clark WW, Mickelson JR, Wang S, Melco RP, Besser TE, Foote WC: PrP genotypes and experimental scrapie in orally inoculated Suffolk sheep in the United States. Journal of General Virology (In press).
O'Rourke KI, Melco RP, Mickelson JR: 1996. Allelic frequencies of an ovine scrapie susceptibility gene. Animal Biotechnology 7:155-162.
Truyen U, Evermann JF et al: 1996. Natural evolution of canine parvovirus involved the loss and subsequent gain of feline host range. Virology 215:186-189.

Progress 01/01/95 to 12/30/95

Outputs
Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
(N/A)

Publications

Progress 01/01/94 to 12/30/94

Outputs
Progress in this project is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
(N/A)

Publications

Progress 07/01/90 to 06/30/94

Outputs
Objectives: Investigate & resolve viral diseases of domestic animals. Approach: Economically important viral infections are selected & investigated to resolve mechanisms of disease. Strategies for improved diagnosis & prevention of disease are explored. Progress toward reaching these objectives is detailed in the publications.

Impacts
(N/A)

Publications

NO PUBLICATIONS REPORTED THIS PERIOD.

Progress 01/01/92 to 12/30/92

Outputs
Objectives: Investigate & resolve viral diseases of domestic animals. Approach: Economically important viral infections are selected & investigated to resolve mechanisms of disease. Strategies for improved diagnosis & prevention of disease are explored. Progress toward reaching these objectives is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
(N/A)

Publications

SHEN DT, BURGER D, TONG CZ, GORHAM JR. 1992. Molecular cloning and physical mapping of bovine herpesvirus 4 strain DN 599 and comparison of two American field isolates. Arch Virol 127:75-87.

Progress 01/01/91 to 12/30/91

Outputs
Objectives: Investigate & resolve viral diseases of domestic animals. Approach: Economically important viral infections are selected & investigated to resolve mechanisms of disease. Strategies for improved diagnosis & prevention of disease are explored. Progress toward reaching these objectives is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
(N/A)

Publications

GILES RE, BOYCE FM, BROCKMAN WW. 1991. Evaluation of the mutagenic effects of SV40 in mouse, hamster, and mouse-human hybrid cells. Somatic Cell Molec Genet 17:327-339.
KRAMER JW, EVERMANN JF, LEATHERS CW, MCKEIRNAN AJ, RASHTI L. 1991. Experimental infection of two dogs with a canine isolate of feline herpesvirus type 1. Vet Pathol 28:338-340.
LI H, SHEN DT, BURGER D, DAVIS WC, GORHAM J. 1991. Analysis of bovine herpesvirus 4 (DN 599) major antigens with monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal immune serum. Arch Virol 119:225-238.
SHEN DT, BURGER D, LI Z, GORHAM JR. 1991. Characterization of monoclonal antibodies to bovine herpesvirus type I, Los Angeles strain. Vet Microbiol 28:25-37.

Progress 12/01/89 to 12/30/90

Outputs
Objectives: Investigate & resolve viral diseases of domestic aimals. Approach: Economically important viral infecitons are selected & investigated to resolve mechanisms of disease. Strategies for improved diagnosis & prevention of disease are explored. Progress toward reaching these objectives is detailed in the publications listed below.

Impacts
(N/A)

Publications

GORHAM, J.R., EVERMANN, J.F., WARD, A., PEARSON, R., SHEN, D., HARTSOUGH, G.R., LEATHERS, C. 1990. Detection of coronavirus-like particles from mink with epizootic catarrhal gastroenteritis. Can J Vet Res 54:383-384.
GORHAM, J.R., GLAVITS, R. 1990. A nyerc kronikus lefolyasu virusos betegsegi, az aleuti betegseg es a fortozo encephalopathia. Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja 45:87-91.
ELLIS, J.A., DAVIS, W.C., TALENS, L., PRATT, D.L. 1990. Reports of original studies, clinical & immunologic response of cattle to administration of a vaccine containing modified-live bovine respiratory. JAVMA 196:583-550.