Progress 01/01/06 to 12/31/06
Outputs
There were 6 active projects this past year (2005). 1) We hosted the Fifth International Conference on Forest Vegetation Management in June, which brought together many of the top international scientists involved in vegetation mamangement research. 2) Fifth-year treatments were applied at 2 of 3 Critical Period Threshold Study sites (the third site is one year ahead and treatments terminated last year). Weed and tree data were also collected at these sites. 3) We are collaborating with Dr. Euan Mason from New Zealand on a hybrid modeling approach to analyzing our Critical Period data. 4) Data collected in 2004 at the Herb I study were analyzed and a 12th results manuscrript has been submitted for publication. 4) We wrote a paper assessing the effect of initial seedling size at all three Critical Period Threshold and both Herb I study sites. The paper, entitled 'Synergistic Stem Volume Response to Combinations of Vegetation Control and Seedling Size in Conifer
Plantations in Oregon' is in press. 5) A master's student, Eric Dinger began work on a project entitled 'Evaluating the Effectiveness of Commonly Used Herbaceous Weed Control Regimes in PNW Douglas-Fir Plantations', which will involve 6 herbicide regimes replicated across 2 sites--one in Oakville, WA and the other in Corvallis, OR. 6) Lanea Naylor-Murphy is a masters student beginning work on a project to examine methods for assessing leaf area index in some PNW weed species.
Impacts
Results from these studies are providing insight into the effects of herbicide and other silvicutural treatments on conifer growth and plant community dynamics. This information will be used by forestry professionals across the region to evaluate the economic effectiveness of plantation establishment costs relative to growth responses.
Publications
- Rose, R. and L.S. Rosner. 2005. Eighth-year response of Douglas-fir seedlings to area of weed control and herbaceous versus woody weed control. Annals of Forest Science 62:481-492.
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Progress 05/01/00 to 05/01/06
Outputs
There were 7 active projects that were completed. 1) We hosted the Fifth International Conference on Forest Vegetation Management in June 2005, which brought together many of the top international scientists involved in vegetation mangement research and led to a conference proceedings in the Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 2) The Guide to Reforestation in Oregon was completed and 3000 copies were printed. It is now being distributed to Oregon landowners upon request and through the extension offices. 3) The collaboration with Dr. Euan Mason from New Zealand on a hybrid modeling approach to analyzing our Critical Period data yielded a very useful paper for publication. 4) Data collected in 2004 at the Herb I study were analyzed and a 12th year results led to a successful manuscript. 5) We wrote a paper assessing the effect of initial seedling size at all three Critical Period Threshold and both Herb I study sites. The paper, entitled 'Synergistic Stem Volume
Response to Combinations of Vegetation Control and Seedling Size in Conifer Plantations in Oregon' was published. 6) A master's student, Eric Dinger, will finish his thesis in 2007 and graduate. 7) Lanea Naylor-Murphy is a master's student who is finishing up her work on a project to examine methods for assessing leaf area index in some PNW weed species. She is expected to finish in 2007.
Impacts
Results from these studies are providing insight into the effects of herbicide and other silvicutural treatments on conifer growth and plant community dynamics. This information will be used by forestry professionals and small woodland owners across the region to evaluate the economic effectiveness of plantation establishment costs relative to growth responses.
Publications
- Rose, R., L.S. Rosner and J.S. Ketchum. 2006. Twelfth-year response of Douglas-fir seedlings to area of weed control and herbaceous vs. woody weed control treatments. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. (In Press).
- Rosner, L.S. and R. Rose. 2006. Synergistic stem volume response to combinations of vegetation control and seedling size in conifer plantations in Oregon. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35:930-944.
- Burney, O., M.G. Wing and R. Rose. 2006. Microsite influences on variability in Douglas-fir seedling development. Western Journal of Applied Forestry. (In Press).
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Progress 01/01/04 to 12/31/04
Outputs
There were five active projects this past year. (1) The Critical Period Threshold study is analyzing the impact of different years of weed control on several different conifer species. Fifth-year tree and vegetation measurements were made at one site and 4th year measurements at two other sites. The final (fifth) year of treatments will be applied in 2005 and results will be analyzed (2) Effects of Weed Control on Plant Species Diversity in Douglas-fir and Other Pacific Northwest Conifer Plantations is a study taking place at Critical Period Threshold sites. The study includes both field and greenhouse components. PhD student, Fen-Hui Chen, analyzed data and defended her dissertation. She is preparing a manuscript for publication. (3)Effects of Fertilization and Vegetation Control on Swiss Needle Cast Infection and Growth of Coastal Douglas-fir Seedlings was re-measured in 2003. Needle retention and cleistothecia counts were undertaken in 2004 and are continuing. As
soon as all of the data is collected, the data will be analyzed. (4) For the Herb 1 study, a manuscript, "Eight-Year Responses of Douglas-fir Seedlings to Different Areas of Weed Control and to Early Herbaceous versus Woody Weed Control" was prepared and submitted and 12th year tree growth and vegetation data was collected. This data will be analyzed in 2005. (5) We are going back to several ongoing or terminated vegetation management studies and reanalyzing the data to assess the affect of initial seedling size on growth and implications for vegetation management.
Impacts
Results from these studies are providing insight into the effects of herbicide and other silvicutural treatments on conifer growth and plant community dynamics. This information will be used by forestry professionals across the region to evaluate the economic effectiveness of plantation establishment costs relative to growth responses.
Publications
- Rose, R. and L.S. Rosner. 2004. Vegetation Management Research Cooperative Annual Report 2003-2004. Department of Forest Science, College of Forestry, Oregon State Univ., Corvallis. 45 p.
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Progress 01/01/03 to 12/31/03
Outputs
There were five active projects this past year. (1) Data collected in 2002 from the Optimizing Seedling Growth Utilizing Seedling Target Characteristics, Fertilization, and Vegetation Management study was analyzed and a report will appear in the 2003-2004 Vegetation Management Research Cooperative (VMRC) 2003-2004 annual report. One previously submitted paper was published. (2) The Critical Period Threshold study is analyzing the impact of different years of weed control on several different conifer species. This study is in its 5th year. Results through year four are being analyzed and a manuscript is forthcoming. (3) Effects of Weed Control on Plant Species Diversity in Douglas-fir and Other Pacific Northwest Conifer Plantations is a study taking place at Critical Period Threshold sites. The study includes both field and greenhouse components. PhD student, Fen-Hui Chen, is analyzing data and preparing her dissertation. (4) Assessing the Impacts of Weed Control on
Young Douglas-Fir Taper and Volume Calculations is still in the mathematical analysis stage. Dr. Douglas Maguire is studying the way in which stem taper may be affected by vegetation control treatments, and the accuracy of different taper equations across vegetation control treatments is being evaluated. (5) Effects of Fertilization and Vegetation Control on Swiss Needle Cast Infection and Growth of Coastal Douglas-fir Seedlings was re-measured in 2003. Needle retention and cleistothecia counts will be undertaken in 2004, after which data will be analyzed. Graduate Student = 1.
Impacts
Results from these studies are providing insight into the effects of herbicide and other silvicutural treatments on conifer growth and plant community dynamics. This information will be used by forestry professionals across the region to evaluate the economic effectiveness of plantation establishment costs relative to growth responses.
Publications
- Rose, R. and J. S. Ketchum. 2003. Interaction of initial seedling diameter, fertilization, and weed control on Douglas-fir growth over the first four years after planting. Annals of Forest Science 60:1-11.
- Ketchum, J.S. and R. Rose. 2003. Preventing establishment of exotic shrubs (Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link. and Cytisus striatus (Hill.)) with soil active herbaceous herbicides (hexazinone, sulfometuron, and metsulfuron). New Forests 25:83-92.
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Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02
Outputs
There were four active projects this past year.(1) Optimizing seedling growth utilizing seedling target characteristics, fertilization, and vegetation management was measured and yielded two papers. One paper was presented at the 4th International Vegetation Management Conference in Nancy, France. The other paper is about to be sent for review. (2) The Critical Period Threshold study is studying the impact of different years of weed control on several different species of trees. Forest community information on native plants is being collected. This study is in its 4th year. (3) Assessing the impacts of weed control on young Douglas-fir taper and volume calculations. The study is still in the mathmatical analysis stage. We (Dr. Douglas Maguire and Scott Ketchum) are studying the way in which stem taper may be affected by vegetation control treatment. (4) The influence of herbicide and adjuvant combinations relative to plant phenology on the woody shrub salal. This
masters thesis project is almost complete and ready for write-up. The results show that salal has amazing resitance to numerous herbicides.
Impacts
The research coming out of this cooperative effort continues to yield high quality papers in refereed journals. Access to our research is not just regional to the Pacific Northwest but also worldwide. We have clearly demonstrated that seedling size at the time of planting plays a highly significant role in the early success of stand establishment. Vegetation control in combination with seedling size is also critical to success. The Vegetation Management Research Cooperative does have a successful research program as evidenced by the new members coming into the cooperative. Since 1994 the cooperative has doubled in size and gets a great deal of support from forest owners.
Publications
- J.S. Ketchum and R. Rose. 2002. Preventing establishment of exotic shrubs (Cystisus scoparius and Cytisus striatus) with soil active herbaceous herbicides. New Forests. (Accepted for publication).
- R. Rose and J.S. Ketchum. 2002. Interaction of intitial seedling diameter, fertilization, and weed control on Douglas-fir growth over the first four years after planting. Annals of Forest Science. (Accepted for publication).
- R. Rose and J.S. Ketchum. 2002. Interaction of vegetation control and fertilization on conifer species across the Pacific Northwest. Can. J. For. Res. 32:136-152.
- R.Rose and J.S. Ketchum. 2002. The effect of hexazinone, sulfometuron, metsulferon, and atrazine on the germination success of selected Ceanothus and Rubus species. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 17(4):194-201.
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Progress 01/01/01 to 12/31/01
Outputs
There were four active research projects in 2001. The first (Herb I) is designed to evaluate the long-term impact of early weed control on stand growth. Douglas-fir stem taper data was collected at two sites and is currently be summarized. The Second (2 meters in 2 years)evaluates the interactive effects of plantation fertilization, weed control and initial stock size. Seven distinct replications of this project have been established and yearly height, diameter and vegetation cover measures were recorded. Third (Critical Period study) evaluates the effects of multiple years of weed control on early conifer (Douglas-fir, grand fir, western hemlock, and western red cedar) growth across a geoclimatic gradient. Four installations of the above study have been initiated and will be measured yearly for the next 15 years. A new study (Salal Control Study) was initiated to evaluate the effects of several herbicides and rates on controlling salal in PNW forests. Graduate
Students = 2.
Impacts
Results from all of these studies combine to provide a documentation of effects of early establishment silvicutural treatments on conifer growth. This information is used by forestry professionals across the region to evaluate the economic effectiveness of plantation establishment costs relative to growth responses.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 01/01/00 to 12/31/00
Outputs
There were four active research projects in 2000. Herb I: 8th year data was collected from this study which is evaluating the long-term impact of early weed control on stand growth. Conifer phytotoxicity was completed in 2000. This study evaluates the phytotoxic effect of several commonly used herbicides on a variety of PNW conifer seedlings. We are currently working on a manuscript for publications from the results. The 2 meters in 2 years project has been continuing. Two new installations of this study were installed for a total of 7 distinct experimental replications. The study is evaluating the relative effects of early weed control, initial stock size, and fertilization. Growth data has been collected each year of the study (last 4 years). The Critical Period study has been initiated--one site was planted in 2000 and three more are to follow in 2001. This study evaluates the numbers of years of complete weed control which are necessary to maximize conifer growth
over the first 15 years of plantation establishment. Graduate Students = 2
Impacts
Our project has had a significant impact on early plantation establishment by providing documented proof of the growth response seedlings have to early silvicultural treatments and by providing a forum for the exchange of information and technology to the forest industry across the region concerning our applied research results. Forest owners use the information we provide from our applied research to perform growth projections and evaluations of economic gains.
Publications
- Ketchum J.S., R. Rose and B. Kelpsas. 2000. Comparison of adjuvants used in fall-release herbicide mixtures for forest site preparation. Tree Planters Notes 49(3):66-71.
- Coate, J. 2000. Conifer phytotoxicity and vegetation control efficacy of ten selected herbicides. M.S. Thesis. Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis. 125 pp.
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Progress 01/01/99 to 12/31/99
Outputs
There were six active research projects in 1999. Herb I: This study is in standby mode and will not be measured again untill 2000. Early results detail the impact of varying levels of weed control radius on early conifer growth. The Herb II study has been completed and we are currently analyzing the data and expect to report results in 2000. The paper coming from this research will highlight the importance of good weed control when fertilizing young seedlings. The Conifer Phytoxicity study has completed two years of growth. In this study we evaluated the phytotoxic effect of several herbicides on eight conifer species. A master's thesis has been completed and results will be published in a peer reviewed journal in 2000. Volume three of an autecological review of problem weed species in the PNW was completed. The 2 meters in 2 years study has completed its third year at two sites and second at three others. All sites were measured and data is currently being analyzed.
This study evaluates the influence of initial seedling stock size, fertilization and weed control on newly planted trees. A new study was adopted to evaluate the criticle period threshold of weed control in young plantations in the PNW. One site has been installed with three more to follow in the future.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Ketchum, J.S., Rose, R. and Kelpsas, B. 1999. Weed control in spring and summer after fall application of sulfometuron. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 14(2):80-85.
- Rose, R., Ketchum, J.S. and Hanson, D.E. 1999. Three-year survival and growth of douglas-fir seedlings under various vegetation-free regimes. Forest Science 45(1):117-126.
- Coate, J. 1999. Conifer phytotoxicity and vegetation control efficacy of ten selected herbicides. M.S. Thesis. Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis. 125 p.
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Progress 01/01/98 to 12/31/98
Outputs
Six projects were worked on in 1998. HerbI: 5th year results were summarized and presented. HerbII: 4th year results were measured and 3rd year results were summarized and presented. 2 in 2: second year results were measured on two sites and 3 new sites were established. Conifer phytotoxicity: A study was established over three sites evaluating herbicide effects on PNW conifers. First year results were measured. Seed Germination study: A second run of this experiment was established, but failed. Earlier results were summarized and presented. Plant Autecology: The second of a three volume literature review of common forest weeds was completed. A start on volume 3 was initiated.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Ketchum, J.S. and Rose, R. 1998. Assessing the long-term influence of early vegetation control. Western Mensuration Conference Annual Meeting, June 29-30, Port Ludlow, WA.
- Ketchum, J.S. and Rose, R. 1998. Effect of several soil active herbicides used in forests of the Pacific Northwest on germination of several common hardwood species. p. 52-55 In: Proceedings, Western Society of Weed Science Annual Meeting, March 10-12, Waikoloa, HI.
- Ketchum, J.S. and Rose, R. 1998. Vegetation management and seedling fertilization: Factors influencing growth response. p. 95-100 In: Proceedings, California Forest Vegetation Management Conference, January 20-22, Redding, CA.
- Rose, R. and Ketchum, J.S. 1998. Early results of the "herb II" study: Evaluating the influence vegetation control has on fertilization at the time of planting. p. 55-57 In: Proceedings, Western Society of Weed Science Annual Meeting, March 10-12, Waikoloa, HI.
- Rose, R. and Ketchum, J.S. 1998. Fifth Year Growth Response of Douglas-fir to two years of spot weed control and controlling herbaceous versus woody weeds. p. 290-292 In: Popular Summaries, Third International Conference on Forest Vegetation Management, August 24-28, Sault Ste. Marie, ON Canada. Ontario Forest Research Information Paper No. 141.
- Rose, R. and Ketchum, J.S. 1998. Integration of stock type, fertilization, and vegetation management on Douglas-fir seedling growth soon after planting. In: Proceedings, Southern Weed Science Society Annual Meeting, January 27, Birmingham, AL.
- Rose, R. and Ketchum, J.S. 1998. Summary of VMRC research from 1995 to 1998. In: Proceedings, PNW-Integrated Vegetation Management Association Forestry and Rights-of-Way Conference, November 17-18, Portland, OR.
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Progress 01/01/97 to 12/31/97
Outputs
The VMRC had 8 ongoing studies in 1996: HERB I: 5th-yr data was collected. An analysis of the 4th-yr data was completed and a progress report was distributed to cooperators. A Manuscript covering 3rd-yr data has been submitted to the Forest Science journal but has not been officially accepted as yet. HERB II 3rd-yr data has been collected and analysis of 2nd year data has been completed with results distributed to cooperators. FALL OUST: This study was completed in 1995 and a manuscript is currently under editorial review. It is planned that we will publish these results in the W.J.Appl Forestry in 1998. NUFILM SCREENING: This study is complete and a manuscript is under editorial review. HEXAZINONE UREA SYNERGISM: All data has been collected and summarized in a progress report to VMRC cooperators. GERMINATION STUDY: This is a herbicide screening study evaluating the effect of four common pre-emergent herbicides on the germination success of 12 common woody weed
species. Phase 1 of 2 has been completed and initial results reported to cooperators. AUTECOLGY: This is a literature review of approximately 50 common reforestation weeds. Vol 1 of 3 has been completed. 2 METERS IN 2 YEARS: We installed 3 replications of this study in 1997 and have 3 more planned for 1998. CONIFER PHYTOTOXICITY SCREENING: This is a new study initiated in 1997. The VMRC brought a masters student on board to administer this project. We are screening 15 herbicide treatments over 8 NW conifer species.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- ROSE, R,. and KETCHUM, J.S. 1997. Vegetation Management Research Cooperative Annual Report 1996-1997. Department of Forest Science, College of Forestry, Oregon State Univ., Corvallis. 65 pp.
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Progress 01/01/96 to 12/30/96
Outputs
The VMRC had 7 ongoing studies in 1996: HERB I: 4th-yr data was collected and analysis of 3rd-yr data was completed. A progress report was generated from the 3rd-yr data and distributed to cooperators. This is a 5-yr study. HERB II: 2nd yr data has been collected and analysis of 1st yr data completed. A progress report was generated from the 3rd-yr data and has been distributed to cooperators. This is a 5-yr study. FALL OUST: This study has been completed and a final manuscript is in review prior to publication. NUFILM SCREENING: All data has been collected and an initial report written. EFFICACY OF SOIL HERBICIDES: 1st-yr data has been collected and is waiting to be analyzed. One more year of additional data will be collected. HEXAZINONE UREA SYNERGISM: 1st-yr data has been collected and is still in the process of being analyzed. Two new projects were initiated in 1996: the 2 in 2 study and the Autecology project. 2 IN 2: This study is evaluating the interaction of
fertilization, weed control and stock size in relation to growth. 5 installations of this study are planned. 3 to be installed in 1997 and 2 in 1998. Each installation is a stand alone experiment and will be followed for 5 yrs. AUTECOLOGY: This is a literature review of the approximately 50 species of common plant competitors. Literature involving ecology and control measures for each species will be summarized in this publication. The project has been broken up into 3 volumes. Work on vol. 1 began in 1996.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- ROSE, R. and KETCHUM, J.S. 1996. Vegetation Management Research Cooperative Annual Report 1995-1996. Department of Forest Science, College of Forestry, Oregon State Univ., Corvallis. 54 pp.
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Progress 01/01/95 to 12/30/95
Outputs
The VMRC had 3 ongoing studies during the 95 year: Herb I, Herb II and the Oust study. Herb I: Third year data was collected and second year data was analyzed. A progress report was generated from the second year data and has been distributed to cooperators. This study is slated to go on for 5 years. Herb II: First year data has been collected and an initial analysis has been performed on this data. This study will continue for a total of five years. Oust: All data has been collected and the final report will be produced early in 1996. The VMRC initiated three new projects in 1995. The first is a efficacy screening of a herbicide adjuvant "NuFilm IR." The study has been laid out and initial treatments have been applied with additional treatments scheduled for fall 96. The second is a study evaluating efficacy of several soil active herbicides in relation to their efficacy related to preventing successful germination of problematic shrub and tree seeds. A study plan
has been produced for this project and will be initiated in 96. The third is a study evaluating if increased hexazinone efficacy can be produced by fertilizing a site. Again, the study plan has been written and installation will occur in 96. Finally, a new part-time research assistant was hired in June of 95.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/94 to 12/30/94
Outputs
The VMRC was restructured last year and a new faculty research assistant has been hired. The second year data for the Herb I study were collected during the fall and the first year data were summarized. This summary has been submitted to Cooperators and we are presently waiting for response to our findings. A proposal has been submitted and accepted by the cooperators to begin a new study investigating the effects of different degrees of vegetation control and fertilization on Douglas-fir seedling growth. This new study, termed Herb II, will be implemented beginning February 1995, and will run for five years. A study investigating the residual effects of the fall application of the herbicide OUST was initiated Fall of 1994. Assessment of treatment effects will be performed Sring 1995.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/93 to 12/30/93
Outputs
First year data for the herbaceous competition study was collected. There were no effects of complete woody, herbaceous, or threshold control treatments on survival or growth of Douglas-fir. The installation of plots and first year measurements for the Regional Vegetation Management Model were completed in the Coast Range and initiated in the Cascades. The vegetation management treatment study analysis was completed and is being prepared for publication.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/92 to 12/30/92
Outputs
Tenth-year evaluations of vegetation management treatments to coastal Douglas-fir plantations were completed and indicated only the complete removal of associated vegetation increased Douglas-fir volume, three times that of the untreated control. Height, diameter, and basal area, as well as growth of these parameters, also increased with complete associated vegetation removal. Douglas-fir survival was unaffected by treatment. Research designed to separate woody and herbaceous competition effects on Douglas-fir growth was initiated. In addition to competitive effects, this study will determine the threshold area around Douglas-fir to be maintained vegetation free for optimum growth. A Regional Vegetation Management Model (RVMM) for Douglas-fir ecosystems west of the Cascades is being developed (1996 completion) which will predict stand responses to treatment of associated vegetation up to 20 years of age. RVMM will provide site-specific assessments of whether and when
to alter associated forest vegetation. Installation and first year measurements of Coast Range field plots has nearly been completed.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/91 to 12/30/91
Outputs
Tenth-year evaluations of vegetation management treatments to coastal Douglas fir plantations indicate that only complete removal of associated vegetation significantly increased Douglas fir volume (four times that of the untreated control), although a doubling in volume resulted from glyphosate application. Results indicate that herb competition for soil water reduces growth of coastal Douglas fir, and that treatment efficacy is limited by non-uniformity of herbicide applications and resulting injury to Douglas fir. The research stimulated initiation of a 5-year regional project to quantify Douglas fir responses to native/resident or artificially-seeded (i.e., elk forage) herbaceous vegetation. A Regional Vegetation Management Model (RVMM) for Douglas fir ecosystems west of the Cascades is being developed (completion: 1996) that will predict 20-year stand responses to treatment of associated vegetation. RVMM will synthesize research information plus software
methodologies from VEGPRO, which selects vegetation management options, and PSME and CLUMP, which predict Douglas fir survival and growth with sprout-origin hardwoods. RVMM will provide site-specific assessments of whether, when, and how associated forest vegetation should be manipulated.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/90 to 12/30/90
Outputs
In both empirical and mechanistic field research, we are investigating development of young forest stands, including characteristics of individuals and populations of young Douglas-fir and associated hardwood, shrub, and herbaceous plants, and how such characteristics vary with vegetation management regime. In the Oregon Coast Range, we have found that cover from woody vegetation above 50 and 100% of tree height most strongly limited the annual growth in stem basal area and height, respectively, of Douglas-fir. In southwestern Oregon, hardwood competition was found to limit seasonal growth duration, daily growth rates, shoot morphology, and stem cirumference of Douglas-fir. Current research knowledge in management of young forest stands is being synthesized through annotated bibliographies on animal damage and herbaceous vegetation effects and through development of computer software. VEGPRO, computer software for selecting among vegetation control treatments according
to stand characteristics and the cost and efficacy of individual treatments, is now available from OSU. PSME, software for predicting 10-year development of young Douglas-fir/hardwood stands in southwestern Oregon, will be available in early 1991. GRADUATE STUDENTS=1.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/89 to 12/30/89
Outputs
Current research has focused on synthesis of existing young stands data for the development of diagnostic computer models that can predict the effects of various vegetation management practices on growth and yield of Douglas-fir. Projects include: 1) a young stand computer model of interspecific competition between Douglas-fir and red alder, vine maple, salmonberry, or thimbleberry (df et al.), 2) a rotation-length model for projecting yields of Douglas-fir stands containing various densities of bigleaf maple sprout clumps (CLUMP), and 4) a forest vegetation management prescription optimization and information system (VEGPRO). In addition, comprehensive research continues on a diversity of topics that address plant interactions as affected by environment and resource availability, including: competition release of Douglas-fir in the Oregon and Washington Coast Range; effects of several herbicides and manual suppression treatments on bigleaf maple sprout clumps;
interspecific competition indices for vegetation management decisions on the Siuslaw National Forest; interference between Douglas-fir and red alder; effects of shrub competition on conifer regeneration in northern California; and an annotated bibliography of herbaceous vegetation effects in young forest stands.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/88 to 12/30/88
Outputs
Current research includes: competition release of Douglas-fir in the Oregon andWashington Coast Range, biological and economic importance of vegetation manaagement for conifer production in the United States, interspecific competition indices for vegetation management decisions on the Siuslaw National Forest, interference between Douglas-fir and red alder, effects of shrub competition on conifer regeneration in northern California, effects of competing vegetation on Douglas-fir growth, and effects of several herbicide and manual suppression treatments on bigleaf maple sprout clumps. In addition, a program has been initiated to develop diagnostic predictive models of young stand performance in relation to various regeneration practices. Based on information contained in the literature and discussions with forest vegetation experts, a conceptual model as been developed that describes the development of Douglas-fir and four common competitors: salmonberry, thimbleberry,
red alder, and vine maple. The conceptual model features a competition index that is based on the size and density of competitors. The competition index is used to reduce the potential growth (growth in the absence of competition) of each species. Preliminary simulation results reveal that the model behaves over a wide range of initial stand conditions.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/87 to 12/30/87
Outputs
Current research includes: 1) competition release of Douglas-fir in the Oregon and Washington Coast Range, 2) biological and economic importance of vegetation management for conifer production in the United States, 3) interspecific competition indices for vegetation management decisions on the Siuslaw National Forest, 4) interference between Douglas-fir and red alder, 5) effects of shrub competition on conifer regeneration in northern California, 6) effects of competing vegetation on Douglas-fir growth, and 7) effects of several herbicide and manual suppression treatments on bigleaf maple sprout clumps. In addition, a new program has been initiated to develop diagnostic predictive models of young stand performance in relation to various regeneration practices. Based on information contained in the literature and discussions with forest vegetation experts, a conceptual model has been developed that describes the development of Douglas-fir and four common competitors:
salmonberry, thimbleberry, red alder, and vine maple. The conceptual model features a competition index that is based on the size and density of competitors. The competition index is used to reduce the potential growth (growth in the absence of competition) of each species. Preliminary simulation results reveal that the model behaves over a wide range of initial stand conditions.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/86 to 12/30/86
Outputs
The program is developed and implemented by approximately twenty forest-land management organizations in cooperation with Oregon State University. The research approach covers four major areas: efficacy testing of tools, crop tree and site responses, commercial forest yields, and fundamental research. Five major studies have been completed and seven are currently underway. Completed studies include: examination of 2,4-D exposure to forestry applicators, determination of the influences of plant phenology, environment, and application variables on the effects of glyphosate, development of a survey technique to quantify competing vegetation, development of fisheye photographic techniques to quantify overtopping plant canopies, evaluation of chemical and mechanical site preparation techniques in south Central Oregon, a bibliography of prescribed forest fire research in the Pacific Northwest. Current research includes: competition release of Douglas-fir in the Oregon
and Washingto Coast Range, biological and economic importance of vegetation management for conifer production in the United States, interspecific competition indices for vegetation management decisions on the Siuslaw National Forest, interference between Douglas-fir and red alder, effects of shrub competition on conifer regeneration in northern California, effects of competing vegetation on Douglas-fir growth, and effects of several herbicide and manual suppression treatments on bigleaf maple sprout clumps.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/85 to 12/30/85
Outputs
The program is developed and implemented by approximately twenty forest-land management organizations in cooperation with Oregon State University. The research approach covers four major areas: efficacy testing of tools; crop tree and site responses; commercial forest yields; and fundamental research. Five major studies have been completed and seven are currently underway. Completed studies include: examination of 2,4-D exposure to forestry applicators; determination of the influences of plant phenology, environment, and application variables on the effects of glyphosate; development of a survey technique to quantify competing vegetation; development of fish-eye photographic techniques to quantify overtopping plant canopies; evaluation of chemical and mechanical site preparation techniques in south Central Oregon. Current research includes: competition release of Douglas-fir in the Oregon and Washington Coast Range; biological and economic importance of vegetation
management for conifer production in the United States; interspecific competition indices for vegetation management decisions on the Siuslaw National Forest; interference between Douglas-fir and red alder; effects of shrub competition on conifer regeneration in northern California; effects of competing vegetation on Douglas-fir growth; and effects of several herbicide and manual suppression treatments on bigleaf maple sprout clumps.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/84 to 12/30/84
Outputs
There are currently 18 members in the CRAFTS Cooperative. These members represent various state and federal land management agencies and private forest product companies. Several experiments have been installed to compare various chemical and non-chemical tools for the release of young Douglas-fir plantations from competition. After three years, large differences exist in brush control among treatments. Differences in Douglas-fir growth are also becoming apparent. Studies will be installed soon to examine bigleaf maple response to herbicides and to examine more completely the type and degree of interference between young red alder and Douglas-fir.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/83 to 12/30/83
Outputs
There are currently 19 members in the CRAFTS Cooperative. These members represent various state and federal land management agencies and private forest product companies. Several studies have been installed to compare various chemical and non-chemical methods of brush control for the release of young Douglas-fir from competition. These studies will be enlarged during the coming year to include measurements of soil moisture and light availability. Studies also are underway for development of a model to predict the impact of competition on seedling Douglas-fir. In addition, studies are planned to determine the type and degree of interference between Douglas-fir and red alder. A Cooperative Aid agreement has been made with the Environmental Protection Agency to acquire information on the silvicultural benefits of forest vegetation management.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/82 to 12/30/82
Outputs
Five more organizations joined the CRAFTS cooperative, and membership now standsat 20. Several studies have been installed to compare the utility of chemical, non-chemical, combination, and control treatments for release of young conifer plantations from brush competition. Results of an exploratory study on glyphosate (Roundup Registered Trademark) indicate that the variability in performance of this herbicide is linked to application as well as environmental factors. A workshop on the use of herbicides in forest vegetation management provided state-of-the-art information to about 150 foresters. A cooperative aid agreement between Oregon State University (OSU) and the Environmental Protection Agency will allow information on the silvicultural benefits of forest vegetation management to be compiled. Numerous papers and articles on various aspects of forest vegetation management were prepared by OSU personnel involved in the CRAFTS program. The "CRAFTS Annual Report"
cited below described the above items in more detail and also contains a list of publications prepared under this program.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/81 to 12/30/81
Outputs
Organization of the CRAFTS research program in forest vegetation management was crystallized in 1981. Approximately 20 organizations are currently participating in the cooperative program. The research needs have been prioritized and several studies are currently underway to refine and compare various methods of forest weed control. The "CRAFTS Annual Report" cited below describes the progress to date and plans for the immediate future.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/80 to 12/30/80
Outputs
Efforts during the past year have been concentrated in three general areas: Organization of the CRAFTS Cooperative in forest vegetation management. Initiation of specific projects to develop and compare vegetation management treatments. Determination of the degree of exposure of forestry applicators to 2,4-D during aerial spraying of this herbicide. Work on item #1 is nearing completion. Item #2 will be an on-going activity for the next several years. Item #3 has been reported on in the citation listed below.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 09/01/79 to 12/30/79
Outputs
Project in organizational and developmental stage 1979. Cooperation several land managing organizations was arranged. Project design and priorities identified.
Impacts
(N/A)
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