Progress 07/01/10 to 06/30/15
Outputs
Target Audience:Target Audience Stakeholders including small grains producers and the feed and malting industries are targets of this project. Other breeding programs are also targets of this research to provide improved germplasm exchange. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Opportunities Two graduate students were trained partially on this project and funded with National Needs Fellowships through NIFA. The PI was on sabbatical working with plant breeders in China, and Thailand; and completed a Fulbright fellowship with the Royal University of Agriculture in Cambodia. The PI participated and presented both volunteered and invited papers at domestic and international meetings. Graduate students attended regional and national meetings. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Dissemination All of the yield trials' data are presented for access through a project maintained website (http://wheat.usu.edu). The PI and technical staff participated in field days at the Logan campus farm as well as numerous informal consultations with stakeholders including producers, maltsters, and brewers. Multiple field tours for principals in a new micro-malting facility in Utah were given to encourage this economic growth in the malting industry in Utah. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Plan of Work None, Final report.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Accomplishments 1. Develop improved cultivars of spring and winter barley. Crosses and selections made over the past five years have resulted in one release candidate and one potential release. The integration of an off-season nursery has decreased generation and selection cycle time to speed genetic improvements. Final crosses have been made in the spring barley breeding program, and the winter barley breeding effort is prepared for the next phase of scale up. A portion of the 2-row spring barley NAM population developed as part of the NIFA-TCAP project were phenotyped for heading date in Logan. Initial Malt quality from the shift from spring feed barley to winter malt quality is encouraging but free amino nitrogen (FAN) levels are still the main target in the breeding program. 2. Test cultivars of barley and triticale. Cultivars and elite germplasm from both public and private breeding programs has been tested for yield and quality each year during the past 5 years. The seed industry and producer stakeholders have used these trial data to make planting decisions. These planting decisions ensure the profitability and viability of barley production. 3. Marker assisted selection for malt quality. Cooperation with Oregon State University has seen the shift from 6-row malting types to 2-row malting types. The markers for prediction of malting quality in 6-row barley will likely not be useful for predicting malting performance for 2-row types. 4. Disseminate trial results: See Dissemination section.
Publications
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Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14
Outputs
Target Audience: Target Audience Stakeholders including small grains producers and the feed and malting industries are targets of this project. Other breeding programs are also targets of this research to provide improved germplasm exchange. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Opportunities David Hole (PI) was responsible for management and supervision of all aspects of the project activities. Professional development was provided by attendance at professional meetings, workshops, and serving on the board of directors for the Utah Crop Improvement Association. Justin Clawson provided technical support. Justin also attended seed and crop schools to provide opportunities for training and professional development. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Dissemination Stakeholder/Cooperators include growers from around the state who provide land, management and suggestions on elite trials. They are provided the results from the experiments via the http://wheat.usu.edu website. Data from the winter barley and spring barley trials were presented at industry seed schools and field days. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Plan of Work 1. Develop cultivars of spring and winter barley with improved yield, test weight, straw strength, disease and insect resistances and other agronomic and quality characteristics for production in Utah with irrigated or non-irrigated conditions: Crosses between parents identified by progeny performance or through marker selection will be made in the greenhouse in the winter season. F1 plants from greenhouse crosses will be grown in the field. F2 populations harvested from F1 headrows will be sent to New Zealand. F3 populations will be planted as bulk populations at the Greenville farm during the UT summer season. The harvest bulk seed of the F4 populations will be returned to New Zealand. F4:5 lines will be evaluated as headrows at the Greenville farm. Selected head rows will be harvested individually. Selections from the advanced nursery that have desirable agronomic phenotypes as well as superior performance will be evaluated in subsequent summer in elite county nurseries throughout Utah. The winter barley program will proceed essentially the same as outlined above with the exception that, as a fall sown crop, no greenhouse or off-season nurseries will be utilized 2. Test and identify from our program or other sources, spring varieties of barley, hard spring wheat, oats and triticale that increase production of feed, malt and food grain in Utah: Regional spring barley nurseries and regional winter barley nurseries will be grown to provide data for cooperating breeders, and to identify material suited for crossing into the Utah barley breeding program. Both feed and malt type barley lines are grown in these trials. Agronomic data including yield will be recorded. 3. Develop and utilize marker assisted selection to make rapid improvement for malting quality within already existing breeding populations and to evaluate parents for crossing to develop future populations: Quality tests including thin/plump, test weight, protein, and kernel type will provide baseline phenotypic data. Elite material will be sent to the Cereals Lab in Madison Wisconsin for micro-malt testing to evaluate selection gain for malt quality. The best malting types will be used as parents in crosses. 4. Acquire and disseminate to Utah grain growers, grain industries, and other interested agencies, reliable information on relative performance and areas of adaptation of different barley, spring wheat, oat and triticale: Data from the Utah barley breeding program will be made available on the web at http://wheat.usu.edu, and presentation at field days and industry seed schools will allow for direct interaction with stakeholders and input from the industry.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Accomplishments 1. Develop cultivars of spring and winter barley with improved yield, test weight, straw strength, disease and insect resistances and other agronomic and quality characteristics for production in Utah with irrigated or non-irrigated conditions: Both winter and spring barley programs followed similar procedures, except that all winter barley populations and selections were completed in Logan. Hybridizations between elite spring barley lines and released cultivars were accomplished in the greenhouse and F1 seed were harvested immediately prior to spring field sowing. Winter barley hybridizations were made in the field during the summer season. The resulting F1 hybrids were planted in the field in Logan. Four-F3 populations from New Zealand were received prior to spring sowing and were planted as bulk F3 populations. All bulk populations for winter barley germplasm were grown in Logan. One hundred F4-derived individual heads from each of the populations previously sent to New Zealand (from crosses UTSB11201-UTSB11210), were received and planted as individual headrows in Logan. Un-replicated preliminary yield plots were grown from individual lines selected from last year's headrows and a replicated advanced yield nursery was grown from last year's preliminary selections. Elite lines were grown in replicated plots in multiple locations. In addition to harvesting yield nurseries and taking agronomic data from those nurseries, the F1 hybrid plants were individually harvested and prepared for shipment to New Zealand as F2 populations. The F3 populations were harvested by selecting individual plants from within each F3 population and then bulking the selections from each population resulting in an individual bulk F4 seed source for each of the populations. These F4 populations were prepared and shipped to New Zealand along with the F2 populations. Selected headrows were hand harvested and threshed to plant in next year's preliminary nursery. The highest average yielding line in the advanced spring barley yield nurseries was UTSB10901-66 at 139.8 bu/acre. The highest average yield for a released cultivar was 118.3 bu/acre for Millenium, followed by Goldeneye and Statehood at 113.2 and 112.2 bu/acre respectively. In the winter barley program, the cultivar, Strider, reported the highest average yield of 193.2 bu/ac. Breeders' seed for the release candidate UTWB10201-15 was harvested and a foundation seed increase field was planted. A previous release from the spring barley program, Millennium, yielded 8.3 bushels per acre higher than the commonly grown cultivar Steptoe under irrigated production in 2014. This increase in yield for 20,000 acres (2014 harvested acres for Utah) at December's price of $5.55 per Cwt would be valued at $516,000 dollars in 2014. 2. Test and identify from our program or other sources, spring varieties of barley, hard spring wheat, oats and triticale that increase production of feed, malt and food grain in Utah: Regional nurseries for irrigated spring barley, and a regional winter malting barley nursery were grown in Logan and in Mt. Sterling Utah. Crosses were made to promising material from regional entries of other spring and winter barley breeding programs. Both 2-row and 6-row, as well as feed and malting material was used as parents for spring and winter barley crosses. 3. Develop and utilize marker assisted selection to make rapid improvement for malting quality within already existing breeding populations and to evaluate parents for crossing to develop future populations. Development of markers associated with malting quality are still under development and validation in cooperation with the joint T-CAP NIFA project. Tests of malting quality for both regional entries and Utah breeding material established a baseline for measuring improvement of malt quality in the Utah barley breeding program. The two biggest deficiencies of the Utah lines compared to the malt check variety Harrington were in Alpha-amylase and Beta-glucan levels. These numbers provide a target model for selection in future selection and crossing. 4. Acquire and disseminate to Utah grain growers, grain industries, and other interested agencies, reliable information on relative performance and areas of adaptation of different barley, spring wheat, oat and triticale. Data from the spring and winter barley trials were presented at field days, industry seed schools and made available on the web.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Other
Hole, D. J. (2014). 2014 Utah Small Grains Performance Trials (vol. UAES report 220). Logan, UT: UAES. wheat.usu.edu/BUL_TAB/2014tabs/alltrials.HTM 0328,
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Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13
Outputs
Target Audience: Stakeholders including small grains producers and the feed and malting industries are targets of this project. Other breeding programs are also targets of this research to provide improved germplasm exchange. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? David Hole (PI) was responsible for management and supervision of all aspects of the project activities. Professional development was provided by attendance at professional meetings, workshops and by sabbatical leave. Justin Clawson provided technical support. Justin also attended seed and crop schools and some scientific meetings to provide opportunities for training and professional development. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Stakeholder/Cooperators include growers from around the state who provide land, management and suggestions on elite trials. They are provided the results from the experiments via the http://wheat.usu.edu website. Data from the winter barley and spring barley trials were presented at industry seed schools. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? 1. Develop cultivars of spring and winter barley with improved yield, test weight, straw strength, disease and insect resistances and other agronomic and quality characteristics for production in Utah with irrigated or non-irrigated conditions: Crosses between parents identified by progeny performance or through marker selection will be made in the greenhouse in the winter season. F1 plants from greenhouse crosses will be grown in the field. F2 populations harvested from F1 headrows will be sent to New Zealand. F3 populations will be planted as bulk populations at the Greenville farm during the UT summer season. The harvest bulk seed of the F4 populations will be returned to New Zealand. F4:5 lines will be evaluated as headrows at the Greenville farm. Selected head rows will be harvested individually. Selections from the advanced nursery that have desirable agronomic phenotypes as well as superior performance will be evaluated in subsequent summer in elite county nurseries throughout Utah. The winter barley program will proceed essentially the same as outlined above with the exception that, as a fall sown crop, no greenhouse or off-season nurseries will be utilized 2. Test and identify from our program or other sources, spring varieties of barley, hard spring wheat, oats and triticale that increase production of feed, malt and food grain in Utah: Regional spring barley nurseries and regional winter barley nurseries will be grown to provide data for cooperating breeders, and to identify material suited for crossing into the Utah barley breeding program. Both feed and malt type barley lines are grown in these trials. Agronomic data including yield will be recorded. 3. Develop and utilize marker assisted selection to make rapid improvement for malting quality within already existing breeding populations and to evaluate parents for crossing to develop future populations: Quality tests including thin/plump, test weight, protein, and kernel type will provide baseline phenotypic data. Elite material will be sent to the Cereals Lab in Madison Wisconsin for micro-malt testing to evaluate selection gain for malt quality. The best malting types will be used as parents in crosses. 4. Acquire and disseminate to Utah grain growers, grain industries, and other interested agencies, reliable information on relative performance and areas of adaptation of different barley, spring wheat, oat and triticale: Data from the Utah barley breeding program will be made available on the web at http://wheat.usu.edu, and presentation at field days and industry seed schools will allow for direct interaction with stakeholders and input from the industry.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
1. Develop cultivars of spring and winter barley with improved yield, test weight, straw strength, disease and insect resistances and other agronomic and quality characteristics for production in Utah with irrigated or non-irrigated conditions: Both winter and spring barley programs followed similar procedures, except that all winter barley populations and selections were completed in Logan. Hybridizations between elite lines and released cultivars were accomplished in the greenhouse and harvested immediately prior to spring field sowing. Winter barley hybridizations were made in the field during the summer season. The resulting F1 hybrids were planted in the field in Logan. F3 populations from New Zealand were received prior to spring sowing and were planted as bulk F3 populations. All bulk populations for winter barley germplasm were grown in Logan. Between 100 and 200 F4-derived individual heads from each of the populations previously sent to New Zealand were received and planted as individual headrows in Logan. Un-replicated preliminary yield plots were grown from individual lines selected from last year's headrows and a replicated advanced yield nursery was grown from last year's preliminary selections. Elite lines were grown in replicated plots in multiple locations. In addition to harvesting yield nurseries and taking agronomic data from those nurseries, the F1 hybrid plants were individually harvested and prepared for shipment to New Zealand as F2 populations. The F3 populations were harvested by selecting individual plants from within each F3 population and then bulking the selections from each population resulting in a individual bulk F4 seed source for each of the populations. These F4 populations were prepared and shipped to New Zealand along with the F2 populations. Selected headrows were hand harvested and threshed to plant in next year's preliminary nursery. The highest average yielding line in the advanced spring barley yield nurseries was UTSB2183-85 at 133.2 bu/acre. The highest average yield for a released cultivar was 123.9 bu/acre for Goldeneye, followed closely by Statehood and Millennium at 123.2 and 122.6 bu/acre respectively. In the winter barley program, the breeding line UTWB10602-15 reported the highest average yield of 200.2 bu/ac. This was 39.9 bu/ac higher than UTWB9703-19 which is a release candidate. The most recent release from the spring barley program, Goldeneye, yielded 15.1 bushels per acre higher than the commonly grown cultivar Steptoe under irrigated production in 2013. This increase in yield for 30,000 acres (2013 harvested acres for Utah) at December's price of $6.26 per bushel would be valued at $2.8 million dollars in 2013. 2. Test and identify from our program or other sources, spring varieties of barley, hard spring wheat, oats and triticale that increase production of feed, malt and food grain in Utah: Regional nurseries for irrigated spring barley, dryland spring barley and a regional winter malting barley nursery were grown in Logan and in Mt. Sterling Utah. Crosses were made to promising material from regional entries of other spring and winter barley breeding programs. 3. Develop and utilize marker assisted selection to make rapid improvement for malting quality within already existing breeding populations and to evaluate parents for crossing to develop future populations. Test weight, protein determinations, and plump percentage measurements were performed in the lab. Elite material was sent to the Cereal Crops ARS lab in Madison Wisconsin for malting quality evaluation. Canopy Spectral reflectance measurements were completed four times on 360 winter barley accessions from the national plant germplasm collection and cultivars from other breeding programs. Yield, winter survival, and agronomic traits such as height and lodging were also taken on these lines in a single replication as part of the NIFA Coordinated Agricultural Project. 4. Acquire and disseminate to Utah grain growers, grain industries, and other interested agencies, reliable information on relative performance and areas of adaptation of different barley, spring wheat, oat and triticale. Data from the spring and winter barley trials was presented at field days, industry seed schools and made available on the web.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Hole, D. J. (2013). 2013 Utah Small Grains Performance Trials (vol. UAES report 218). Logan, UT: UAES. wheat.usu.edu/BUL_TAB/2013tabs/alltrials.HTM
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Hole, D. J., UCIA Seed School, "Small grains breeding," Utah Crop Improvement Association, Brigham City, UT. (February 22, 2013)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Hole, D. J. (Invited Lecture), Cache County Crop School, "Small grains variety development and improvement," Cache County Extension, Logan, UT. (February 13, 2013)
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Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12
Outputs
OUTPUTS: "Both winter and spring barley programs followed similar procedures, except that all winter barley populations and selections were completed in Logan. Hybridizations between elite lines and released cultivars were accomplished in the greenhouse and harvested immediately prior to spring field sowing. Winter barley hybridizations were made in the field during the summer season. The resulting F1 hybrids were planted in the field in Logan. F3 populations from New Zealand were received prior to spring sowing and were planted as bulk F3 populations. All bulk populations for winter barley germplasm were grown in Logan. Between 100 and 200 F4-derived individual heads from each of the populations previously sent to New Zealand were received and planted as individual headrows in Logan. Un-replicated preliminary yield plots were grown from individual lines selected from last year's headrows and a replicated advanced yield nursery was grown from last year's preliminary selections. Elite lines were grown in replicated plots in multiple locations. In addition to harvesting yield nurseries and taking agronomic data from those nurseries, the F1 hybrid plants were individually harvested and prepared for shipment to New Zealand as F2 populations. The F3 populations were harvested by selecting individual plants from within each F3 population and then bulking the selections from each population resulting in a individual bulk F4 seed source for each of the populations. These F4 populations were prepared and shipped to New Zealand along with the F2 populations. Selected headrows were hand harvested and threshed to plant in next year's preliminary nursery. Test weight, protein determinations, and plump percentage measurements were performed in the lab. Elite material was sent to the Cereal Crops ARS lab in Madison Wisconsin for malting quality evaluation. Canopy Spectral reflectance measurements were completed twice on 360 winter barley accessions from the national plant germplasm collection and cultivars from other breeding programs. Yield, winter survival, and agronomic traits such as height and lodging were also taken on these lines in a single replication as part of the NIFA Coordinated Agricultural Project. Attendance at seed schools and field days indicate that stakeholder interest and application of information provided on cultivar performance and new cultivar release is high. The PI was on sabbatical from 01 January through 30 June 2012." PARTICIPANTS: "David Hole (PI) was responsible for management and supervision of all aspects of the project activities. Professional development was provided by attendance at professional meetings, workshops and by sabbatical leave. Justin Clawson provided technical support. Justin also attended seed and crop schools and some scientific meetings to provide opportunities for training and professional development. Stakeholder/Cooperators include growers from around the state who provide land, management and suggestions on elite trials. They are provided the results from the experiments via the http://wheat.usu.edu website. UAES USU College of Agriculture USDA/CSREES Barley CAP project SCC-80" TARGET AUDIENCES: "Barley breeders Producers Extension specialists and agents" PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
"Improved spring barley and winter barley cultivars as well as yield trial data to aid in stakeholder decision making. The highest average yielding line in the advanced spring barley yield nurseries was UTSB2188-63 at 131.0 bu/acre. UTSB2188-63 has the pedigree 99NZ102/UT00B1718-773. The highest average yield for a released cultivar was 118.5 bu/acre for Xena, though the average yield for Golden Eye and Aquila were not statistically different at 117.7 and 116.5 bu/acre respectively. In the winter barley program, the breeding line UTWB10201-15 reported the highest average yield of 194.9 bu/ac. This was 30.1 bu/ac higher than UTWB9703-19 which is a release candidate. UTWB9703-19 has the pedigree Kold/86AB474 and we have planted breeders' seed for this line. The most recent release from the spring barley program, Goldeneye, yielded 13.7 bushels per acre higher than the commonly grown cultivar Steptoe under irrigated production in 2012. This increase in yield for 28,000 acres (2012 harvested acres for Utah) at December's price of $6.60 per bushel would be valued at $2.5 million dollars."
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Both winter and spring barley programs followed similar procedures, except that all winter barley populations and selections were done in Logan. Hybridizations between elite lines and released cultivars were accomplished in the greenhouse and harvested immediately prior to spring field sowing. Winter barley hybridizations were made in the field during the summer season. The resulting F1 hybrids were planted in the field in Logan. F3 populations from New Zealand were received prior to spring sowing and were planted as bulk F3 populations. All bulk populations for winter barley germplasm were grown in Logan. Between 100 and 200 F4-derived individual heads from each of the populations previously sent to New Zealand were received and planted as individual headrows in Logan. Un-replicated preliminary yield plots were grown from individual lines selected from last year's headrows and a replicated advanced yield nursery was grown from last year's preliminary selections. Elite lines were grown in replicated plots in multiple locations. In addition to harvesting yield nurseries and taking agronomic data from those nurseries, the F1 hybrid plants were individually harvested and prepared for shipment to New Zealand as F2 populations. The F3 populations were harvested by selecting individual plants from within each F3 population and then bulking the selections from each population resulting in a individual bulk F4 seed source for each of the populations. These F4 populations were prepared and shipped to New Zealand along with the F2 populations. Particular attention was paid this year to comparing headrows that had been selected last year in Logan to headrows from selections in the New Zealand nursery. Selected headrows were hand harvested and threshed to plant in next year's preliminary nursery. Test weight, protein determinations, and plump percentage measurements were performed in the lab. To obtain baseline data, parents used in both spring and winter barley crosses along with a sample of elite lines were prepared for shipment to the Cereal Crops ARS lab in Madison Wisconsin for malting quality evaluation. Attendance at seed schools and field days indicate that stakeholder interest and application of information provided on cultivar performance and new cultivar release is high. The PI was on sabbatical from 01 July through 31 December 2011. PARTICIPANTS: David Hole (PI) was responsible for management and supervision of all aspects of the project activities. Professional development was provided by attendance at professional meetings, workshops and by sabbatical leave. Justin Clawson provided technical support. Justin also attended seed and crop schools and some scientific meetings to provide opportunities for training and professional development. Stakeholder/Cooperators include growers from around the state who provide land, management and suggestions on elite trials. They are provided the results from the experiments via the http://wheat.usu.edu website. UAES. USU College of Agriculture. USDA/CSREES Barley CAP project. SCC-80. TARGET AUDIENCES: Barley breeders, Producers and Extension specialists and agents. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
The primary outcomes of the research are improved spring barley and winter barley cultivars as well as yield trial data to aid in stakeholder decision making. The highest 3-year average yielding line in the advanced spring barley yield nurseries was UT04B2041-42 at 107.2 bu/acre. UT04B2041-42 has the pedigree ID633019/Woodvale//Steptoe/3/OR3/4/Columbia. The highest three year average yield for a released cultivar was 107.4 bu/acre for Millennium. In the winter barley program, the breeding line UTWB10201-18 had a three year average yield of 151.4 bu/ac. This was 5.7 bu/ac higher than UTWB9401-19 which had the highest 3-year average for the past several years. UTWB9401-19 has the pedigree Gwen/ORW-7 and we have produced breeders' seed for this line. This year's test initiated a collaborative malting nursery to begin assessing malting qualities in other breeding programs as well as enhancing malting quality in UAES populations.
Publications
- UTAO+0735 Liang, M., Hole, D. J., Wu, J., Blake, T., & Wu, Y., (2011). Expression and functional analysis of NUCLEAR FACTOR-Y, subunit B genes in barley: Planta. (Published).
- UTAO+0735 Hole, D. J., Clawson, J. (2011). 2011 Utah Small Grains Performance Trials., UAES-215. (Published).
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Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/10
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Both winter and spring barley programs followed similar procedures, except that all winter barley populations and selections were done in Logan. Hybridizations between elite lines and released cultivars were accomplished in the greenhouse and harvested immediately prior to spring field sowing. Winter barley hybridizations were made in the field during the summer season. The resulting F1 hybrids were planted in the field in Logan. F3 populations from New Zealand were received prior to spring sowing and were planted as bulk F3 populations. All bulk populations for winter barley germplasm were grown in Logan. Between 100 and 200 F4-derived individual heads from each of the populations previously sent to New Zealand were received and planted as individual headrows in Logan. Un-replicated preliminary yield plots were grown from individual lines selected from last year's headrows and a replicated advanced yield nursery was grown from last year's preliminary selections. Elite lines were grown in replicated plots in multiple locations. In addition to harvesting yield nurseries and taking agronomic data from those nurseries, the F1 hybrid plants were individually harvested and prepared for shipment to New Zealand as F2 populations. The F3 populations were harvested by selecting individual plants from within each F3 population and then bulking the selections from each population resulting in a individual bulk F4 seed source for each of the populations. These F4 populations were prepared and shipped to New Zealand along with the F2 populations. Particular attention was paid this year to comparing headrows that had been selected last year in Logan to headrows from selections in the New Zealand nursery. Selected headrows were hand harvested and threshed to plant in next year's preliminary nursery. Test weight, protein determinations, and plump percentage measurements were performed in the lab. To obtain baseline data, parents used in both spring and winter barley crosses along with a sample of elite lines were prepared for shipment to the Cereal Crops ARS lab in Madison Wisconsin for malting quality evaluation. Gene function assays as well as flowering time analyses were performed on barley HAP gene candidates that had been cloned and transformed into Arabidopsis to try to identify candidates for genes controlling flowering under stress in barley. Transcript amounts resulting from salt, drought, heat, and ABA stresses were determined for the intact genes in barley plants. Attendance at seed schools and field days indicate that stakeholder interest and application of information provided on cultivar performance and new cultivar release is high. PARTICIPANTS: David Hole (PI) was responsible for management and supervision of all aspects of the project activities. Professional development was provided by attendance at professional meetings and workshops. Justin Clawson provided technical support. Justin also attended seed and crop schools and some scientific meetings to provide opportunities for training and professional development. Stakeholder/Cooperators include growers from around the state who provide land, management and suggestions on elite trials. They are provided the results from the experiments via the http://wheat.usu.edu website. UAES, USU College of Agriculture, USDA/CSREES Barley CAP project, SCC-80 TARGET AUDIENCES: Barley breeders, Producers, Extension specialists and agents PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
The primary outcomes of the research are improved spring barley and winter barley cultivars as well as yield trial data to aid in stakeholder decision making. The highest 3-year average yielding line in the county spring barley yield nurseries was UT6R2120-35 at 135.5 bu/acre. UT6R2120-35 has the pedigree Century/Idagold II. Two other lines from this cross were also among the top 3-year average yields. The highest three year average yield for a released cultivar was 122.7 bu/acre for Millennium. This is 12.8 bu/ac less than UT6R2120-35. Three spring barley and one winter barley breeding line have tested as resistant to the UG99-race of stem rust in Kenyan screening nurseries. These lines have been requested by, and supplied to, several barley breeders to use in their crossing programs. This will impact the resistance to stem rust of many barley breeding programs. Stem rust is not currently an important disease in Utah, and the UG99 race has not been found in the US, yet, but developing resistance to the disease is of great importance for maintaining food security. In the winter barley program, the breeding line UTWB9401-19 again had the highest 3-year average yield. The three year average yield for UTWB9401-19 was 156.8 bu/ac compared to 149.9 bu/ac for the highest yielding released cultivar, Strider. UTWB9401-19 has the pedigree Gwen/ORW-7 and has now been advanced to release candidate. If released, it will be the first winter barley variety released in Utah. The research into the functional analysis of the HAP family of genes in barley has indicated that at least some of the HAP genes that we have identified have a conserved role in flowering control between Arabidopsis and barley. Additionally, one of the EST sequences identified, TC161801, was up regulated over 80-fold when the barley seedlings were exposed to 150 mM salt stress. It becomes a candidate for a salt tolerance gene. Acceptance of the newest spring barley releases, Millennium and Goldeneye, appears to be growing.
Publications
- Hamblin, MT, Close, TJ, Bhat, PR, Chao, S, Kling, JG, Abraham, KJ, Blake, T, Brooks, WS, Cooper, B, Griffey, CA, Hayes, PM, Hole, D, Horsley, RD, Obert, DE, Smith, KP, Ullrich, SE, Muehlbauer, GJ, Jannink, J-L. 2010. Population structure and linkage disequilibrium in US barley germplasm: implications for association mapping. Crop Science 50:556-566.
- Hole, D. J., Clawson, J. 2010. Utah Small Grains Performance Trials, UAES-210.
- Nair, S., Ullrich, S., Blake, T., Cooper, B., Griffey, C., Hayes, P., Hole, D. J., Horsley, R., Obert, D., Smith, K., Muehlbauer, G., & Baik, B.-K. 2010. Variation in Kernel Hardness and Associated Traits in U.S. Barley Breeding Lines: Cereal Chemistry, 87(5): 461-466.
- Hamblin, M., Close, T., Bhat, P., Chao, S., Kling, J., Abraham, K., Blake, T., Brooks, W., Cooper, B., Griffey, C., Hayes, P., Hole, D. J., Horsley, R., Obert, D., Smith, K., Ullrich, S., Muehlbauer, G., & Jannink, J.-L. 2010. Population structure and linkage disequilibrium in US barley germplasm: implications for association mapping. Crop Science, 50: 556-566.
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Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Cultivar development was continued. The objectives are to release improved spring barley cultivars and investigate genetic relationships in barley improvement. Crosses were made in the greenhouse over the winter season that combine superior parents. F1 lines from crosses made in the winter were grown in the field in Logan and F2 seed was harvested from F1 lines. The bulk F2 seed and bulk F4 seed were sent to Crop&Food Research in New Zealand for production of F2 populations and F3 seed as well as F4 populations and F5 head selections. Crosses made in previous years were advanced from F3 to F5 generations as bulk populations. Superior individuals were selected from these populations and bulked for population advancement based on agronomic characteristics and disease resistance. Seed from individual F5 plants were selected for headrows, and headrows were grown from last years selections. Selected lines were tested in preliminary and advanced nurseries located throughout the state of Utah on UAES farms and on stakeholder/cooperators farms. Regional hard spring wheat, soft spring wheat, and spring barley nurseries were also grown. The yield nurseries also serves as demonstration sites and a presentation at a Greenville farm field day was made for stakeholders and members of the seed industry. Presentations were also made to growers and industry representatives at the Utah Crop Improvement Association seed school and county crop workshops. Additional individual nursery yield, quality, and agronomic information along with overall summaries are available at http://wheat.usu.edu. PARTICIPANTS: David Hole (PI) was responsible for management and supervision of all aspects of the project activities. Professional development was provided by attendance at professional meetings and workshops. Justin Clawson provided technical support. Justin also attended seed and crop schools and some scientific meetings to provide opportunities for training and professional development. Stakeholder/Cooperators include growers from around the state who provide land, management and suggestions on elite trials. They are provided the results from the experiments via the http://wheat.usu.edu website. UAES USU College of Agriculture USDA/CSREES Barley CAP project SCC-80. TARGET AUDIENCES: Producers Extension specialists and agents PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
The highest yielding advanced spring barley breeding lines in Logan in 2009 was UT06B2136-15. For elite germplasm, the top yielding line was UT05B6R2140-57 at 127.0 bu/ac. This 6-row barley line yielded significantly better than any released cultivar. Statehood was the top cultivar in the test at a yield of 110.1 bu/ac. Aquila was slightly lower at 107.3 bu/ac. Aquila and Goldeneye are the most recent releases from the UAES program. The top yielding spring barley grown in rainfed condition was UT04B2041-42 at 124 bu/ac. The rainfed nursery average yield was 89.5 bu/ac which is considerable higher than is typical. CDC Coalition was the highest yielding named cultivar at 104 bu/ac followed by Xena at 103 bu/ac. The spring barley rainfed nursery is produced with stakeholder collaboration on a Mt. Sterling grain farm. Yields were nearly twice those of previous years due largely to increased June precipitation. Outcomes of the research are primarily cultivars that are released and made available to producers. In addition, information allowing stakeholders to make decisions regarding cultivar selection for their own geographical areas is disseminated at field days, through UAES research reports, and through refereed articles. The most recent release for a spring barley, Goldeneye, is being used on significant acreage in Utah. Attendance at seed schools and field days indicate that stakeholder interest and use of information provided on cultivar performance and new cultivar release is high. The average yield of the most recent release, Goldeneye, is 6 bu/ac higher than Millennium, which had been the most commonly grown previous released cultivar.
Publications
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Progress 01/01/08 to 12/31/08
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Cultivar development was continued. The objectives are to release improved spring barley cultivars and investigate genetic relationships in barley improvement. Crosses were made in the greenhouse over the winter season that combine superior parents. F1 lines from crosses made in the winter were grown in the field in Logan and F2 seed was harvested from F1 lines. The F2 seed was sent to Crop&Food Research in New Zealand for production of F2 populations and F3 seed. Crosses made in previous years were advanced from F3 to F5 generations as bulk populations. Superior individuals were selected from these populations and bulked for population advancement based on agronomic characteristics and disease resistance. Seed from individual F5 plants were selected for headrows, and headrows were grown from last years selections. Selected lines were tested in preliminary and advanced nurseries located throughout the state of Utah on UAES farms and on stakeholder/cooperators farms. Regional hard spring wheat, soft spring wheat, and spring barley nurseries were also grown. The yield nurseries also serves as demonstration sites and a presentation at a Greenville farm field day was made for stakeholders and members of the seed industry. Presentations were also made to growers and industry representatives at the Utah Crop Improvement Association seed school and county crop workshops. Additional individual nursery yield, quality, and agronomic information along with overall summaries are available at http://wheat.usu.edu. Phenotyping of the Barley CAP lines was continued with over 800 lines represented in the Logan nursery this year. PARTICIPANTS: David Hole (PI) was responsible for management and supervision of all aspects of the project activities. Professional development was provided by attendance at professional meetings and workshops. Justin Clawson provided technical support. Justin also attended seed and crop schools and some scientific meetings to provide opportunities for training and professional development. Stakeholder/Cooperators include growers from around the state who provide land, management and suggestions on elite trials. They are provided the results from the experiments via the http://wheat.usu.edu website. UAES USU College of Agriculture USDA/CSREES Barley CAP project SCC-80. TARGET AUDIENCES: Producers Extension specialists and agents PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
The highest yielding spring barley breeding lines throughout all irrigated locations was the line UT99B1670-3530 with a three nursery average yield of 127 bu/ac. UT99B1670-3530 has the pedigree: Steptoe/M27//Gusto/3/DA587-170. The top two lines across all spring barley nurseries were from that same cross. Aquila (3 nursery average 117 bu/ac) was the top named cultivar in the tests. Goldeneye was slightly lower at 116 bu/ac. These two cultivars are the most recent releases from the UAES program. The top yielding spring barley grown in rainfed condition was Steptoe at 55 bu/ac followed by Aquila at 52 bu/ac. The spring barley rainfed nursery is produced with stakeholder collaboration on a Mt. Sterling grain farm. Outcomes of the research are primarily cultivars that are released and made available to producers. In addition, information allowing stakeholders to make decisions regarding cultivar selection for their own geographical areas is disseminated at field days, through UAES research reports, and through refereed articles. The most recent release for a spring barley, Goldeneye, is beginning to be used on significant acreage. Attendance at seed schools and field days indicate that stakeholder interest and use of information provided on cultivar performance and new cultivar release is high.
Publications
- Hole, D. 2007. The Barley coordinated agricultural project (CAP). Proceedings of the 2007 Genomics Symposium: The Genomics of Drought, 19.
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Progress 01/01/07 to 12/31/07
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Spring Barley yield trials aided the barley improvement program as well as providing producers with decision making tools for cultivar selection. Adapted and novel germplasm accessions were crossed, and bulk populations were advanced from F2 to F4 generations through bulk selection for vigor, height, disease and insect resistance, tillering, resistance to lodging and other appropriate agronomic phenotypic evaluations. Individual heads were selected from within F4 population and head selections were grown as headrows with additional selection for uniformity along with other agronomic phenotypes. Selected headrows were advanced to preliminary yield testing and elite lines were tested along with check cultivars in replicated nurseries throughout the state and in multi-state regional testing. All yield trial data including released cultivars and breeding lines is available at the USU small grains website http://wheat.usu.edu. Nine hundred and fifty lines from the ten cooperating
breeding programs within the barley coordinated agricultural project (Barley CAP) were grown in a common nursery in Logan for phenotypic analysis of harvest index. These data will be submitted to the Barley CAP database which will include full molecular maps of the lines.
PARTICIPANTS: USU College of Agriculture SCC-80
TARGET AUDIENCES: Producers Extension specialists and agents
Impacts
Outcomes of the research are primarily cultivars that are released and made available to producers. In addition, information allowing stakeholders to make decisions regarding cultivar selection for their own geographical areas is disseminated at field days, through Utah Agricultural Experiment Station research reports, and through refereed articles. For this years research, The highest yielding irrigated spring barley cultivar was the breeding line UT03B1960-476 at 152 bu/ac followed by UT04B2041-42 and UT03B1960-483. Both UT03B1960 lines have the pedigree: OR741209//ID633019/Woodvale/3/Short2//ID633019/Woodvale/4/Brigham. and UT04B2041 has the pedigree: ID633019/Woodvale//Steptoe/3/OR3/4/Columbia. The highest yielding released spring barley cultivar was the most recent Utah release, Goldeneye, with a yield of 148 bu/ac. This was 10 bu/ac higher than the next highest released cultivar, Xena. Goldeneye is gaining excellent acceptance among barley producers. With barley
prices at record highs, the barley acreage in Utah is expected to increase. Yield testing of spring wheat cultivars is carried out to assist producers with cultivar selection. The highest yielding soft white spring wheat cultivar in 2007 was Alpowa at 112 bu/ac, and the highest yielding hard spring wheat cultivar was WB936 at 101 bu/ac. Attendance at seed schools and field days indicate that stakeholder interest and use of information provided on cultivar performance and new cultivar release in the spring barley program is high.
Publications
- Hole, D. 2007. The Barley coordinated agricultural project (CAP). Proceedings of the 2007 Genomics Symposium: The Genomics of Drought :19.
- Jiang Q, 2006. Carbon isotope discrimination of two-rowed and six-rowed barley genotypes under irrigated and non-irrigated field conditions. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86:433-441.
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Progress 01/01/06 to 12/31/06
Outputs
Following approvals of release by the Variety Review Committee of the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station of varieties Aquila and Goldeneye in 2004 and 2005, respectively, we secured Plant Variety Protection status for both of them in October of 2006. In the spring of 2006, certified seeds were made available to growers. We continued to make barley crosses between two- and six-rowed parental lines with resistance to loose smut (Ustilago tritici) and lodging, and high yield potential and test weight values of harvested grain. For the second consecutive year we pursued wheat crosses after an interruption of fifteen years in order to diversify the breeding program. For barley, we selected lines from previous year crosses with our modified-bulk selection scheme and tested advanced lines at several locations in the State of Utah. We placed a strong research emphasis on the physiology and yield potential in water-limiting conditions for wheat, and the two ear types of
barley. We developed a proteomic approach to characterize the polymorphism between parental lines of an inter-specific cross (Harrington cultivar and Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum) for soluble seed proteins. The progenies derived from that cross are currently under proteomic investigations and mapping of PQLs (Protein Quantitative Loci) is well underway. This proteomic work is being supported by a grant from the US Barley Genome Program and the American Malting Barley Association. Finally, we secured with ten other state universities and three genomic centers, a grant with USDA/CSREES entitled Barley Coordinated Agricultural Project: Leveraging genomics, genetics and breeding for gene discovery and barley improvement. This cooperative effort between breeding programs and genomic centers is geared towards a more comprehensive molecular assisted selection of barley in the nation.
Impacts
Spring barley is an important crop in Utah and the Intermountain region for its direct on-farm revenue but also for its often non-negotiated value as on-farm animal feed. Our efforts to select lines with yield stability in water-limiting conditions should limit the amount of water used through irrigation as well as increase yield potential in dry land farming. A variety such as Aquila may provide a 15-20% cut in irrigation needs. For a farming operation with tight water allowances, water amount saved on barley may be used on more water-demanding crops such as alfalfa and corn. In dryland conditions, cultivars such as Goldeneye and Aquila provide a 10% yield increase over other six-rowed barley genotypes. Both varieties are being received very positively by growers of Utah and other states.
Publications
- Q. Jiang, D. Roche, S. Durham and DJ. Hole (2006). Contribution of awns to gas exchange of barley ears. Photosynthetica 44(4): 536-541.
- Q. Jiang, D. Roche and DJ. Hole (2006). Carbon isotope discrimination of two-rowed and six-rowed barley genotypes in irrigated and non-irrigated field conditions. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86: 433-441.
- Q. Jiang, D. Roche , TA. Monaco and DJ. Hole. (2006). Stomatal conductance is a key parameter to assess limitations to photosynthesis and growth potential in barley genotypes. Plant Biology 8(4): 515-521.
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Progress 01/01/05 to 12/31/05
Outputs
We made a request to release the breeding line UT95B1216-4087, a six-rowed spring barley for feed purposes, under the name of Goldeneye. It was approved by the Variety Review Committee of the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station. This line has been tested for the last five years in Utah locations and for three years in eight different states. Its main attributes are high yield, moderately early heading date, resistance to lodging and test weight values superior to that of other six-rowed varieties. In the spring of 2006, certified seeds will be available to growers. We applied for Plant Variety Protection for both Aquila and Goldeneye spring barley cultivars. We continued to make barley crosses between two- and six-rowed parental lines with resistance to loose smut (Ustilago tritici) and lodging, and high yield potential and test weight values of harvested grain. We are resuming wheat crosses after an interruption of fifteen years in order to diversify the breeding
program. For barley, we selected lines from previous year crosses with our modified-bulk selection scheme and tested advanced lines at several locations in the State of Utah. We placed a strong research emphasis on the physiology and yield potential in water-limiting conditions for wheat, and the two ear types of barley. We were not able to repeat our previous barley experiments with malting types due to excessively poor weather conditions in Box Elder County in the spring of 2005. However, micromalting analyses of samples, harvested in 2004 and conducted by the USDA Cereal Crop Laboratory (Madison, WI), seem to indicate the malting potential of the barley crop in Northern Utah. We developed a proteomic approach to characterize the polymorphism between parental lines of an inter-specific cross (Harrington cultivar and Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum) for soluble seed proteins. The progenies derived from that cross are currently under proteomic investigations. This proteomic work is
being supported by a grant from the US Barley Genome Program and the American Malting Barley Association. Finally, we secured with ten other state universities and three genomic centers, a grant with USDA/CSREES entitled Barley Coordinated Agricultural Project: Leveraging genomics, genetics and breeding for gene discovery and barley improvement. This cooperative effort between breeding programs and genomic centers is geared towards a more comprehensive molecular assisted selection of barley in the nation.
Impacts
Spring barley is an important crop in Utah and the Intermountain region for its direct on-farm revenue but also for its often non-negotiated value as on-farm animal feed. Our efforts to select lines with yield stability in water-limiting conditions should limit the amount of water used through irrigation as well as increase yield potential in dry land farming. A variety such as Aquila may provide a 15-20% cut in irrigation needs. For a farming operation with tight water allowances,water amount saved on barley may be used on more water-demanding crops such as alfalfa and corn. In dryland conditions, cultivars such as Goldeneye and Aquila provide a 10% yield increase over other six-rowed barley genotypes. Data generated from micromalting analyses seem to indicate the malting potential of the barley crop in Northern Utah. This effort anticipates the expansion of the number of malting contracts with Pocatello malt house, malt production as a whole being in a steady
increase in the state of Idaho. Barley growers may get a premium of one to two dollars per bushel for malting barley over feed barley prices.
Publications
- Q. Jiang, D. Roche and DJ. Hole (2006) Carbon isotope discrimination of barley genotypes under irrigated and non-irrigated field conditions. Accepted by the Canadian Journal of Plant Science
- Q. Jiang, D. Roche TA. Monaco and S. Durham (2005). Gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and carbon isotope discrimination of fourteen barley genetic lines in response to salinity. Field Crops Research (in press)
- D. Roche, DJ. Hole, RS. Albrechtsen, SM. Clawson and SA. Young (2005). Registration of Goldeneye spring barley. Crop Science 45: 2658
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Progress 01/01/04 to 12/31/04
Outputs
Progress Report: We decided to release breeding line UT95B1216-4087, a six-rowed feed spring barley under the name of Goldeneye. We will make a request for release approval by the Variety Review Committee of the Utah Crop Improvement Association and further approval by the Director of The Utah State University Experiment Station. This line has been tested for the last seven years in Utah locations and for three years in eight North Western US States. Its main advantages are extremely high yield, moderately early heading date, resistance to lodging and test weights values superior to that of other six-rowed varieties. Foundation Seed was produced at Cache Junction, UT in the summer 2003. In the spring of 2005 we will apply for Plant Variety Protection foe both aquila and Goldeneye spring barley cultivars. We continued to make barley crosses between two- and six-rowed parental lines with resistance to loose smut (Ustilago tritici) and lodging, high yield potential and
test weight values of harvested grain. We selected lines from previous year crosses with our modified-bulk selection scheme and tested advanced lines at five locations in the State of Utah. We added two more locations of field testing for malting types of varieties in order to assess the potential of malting contracts for growers in the Northern part of the state. We placed a strong research emphasis on the physiology and yield potential in water-limiting conditions for wheat, and the two ear types of barley. Three different means to monitor flag leaf and ear physiology have been used, carbon isotope discrimination, gas exchanges and chlorophyll fluorescence. We developed a proteomic approach to understand the genetic determinants of yield potential in water limiting conditions for flag leaf and awn of barley. We also characterized the polymorphism between parental lines of an inter-specific cross (Harrington cultivar and Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum) for soluble seed proteins.
The progenies derived from that cross are currently under proteomic investigations. They have been provided by Patrick Hayes (Oregon State University). This proteomic work is being supported by a grant from the US Barley Genome Program and the American Malting Barley Association.
Impacts
Spring barley is an important crop in Utah and the Intermountain region for its direct on-farm revenue but also for its often non-negotiated value as on-farm animal feed. Our efforts to select lines with yield stability in water-limiting conditions should limit the amount of water used through irrigation as well as increase yield potential in dry land farming. For the first time this year, we set two experimental trials for malting types of varieties in order to assess the potential of malting contracts for growers in the Northern part of the state. This effort anticipates the expansion of the number of malting contracts with Pocatello malt house, malt production as a whole being in a steady increase in the state of Idaho.
Publications
- Registration of Aquila Spring Barley. D. Roche, D.J. Hole, R.S. Albrechtsen, S.M. Clawson, AND S.A. Young. 2004. Crop Science (in press).
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Progress 01/01/03 to 12/31/03
Outputs
We decided to release breeding line # UT97B1480-1632, a six-rowed feed spring barley. On December 17, 2003, the Variety Review Committee of the Utah Crop Improvement Association recommended its release and further approval by the Director of The Utah State University Experiment Station. This line has been tested for the last five years in Utah locations and for the last three years in eight North Western US States. Its main advantages are high yield, early heading date, resistance to lodging and test weights values matching those of two-rowed varieties. Foundation Seed was produced at Cache Junction, UT in the summer 2003. We continued to make barley crosses between two- and six-rowed parental lines with resistance to loose smut (Ustilago tritici) and lodging, high yield potential and test weight values of harvested grain. We selected lines from previous year crosses with our modified-bulk selection scheme and tested advanced lines at five locations in the State of
Utah. Some bulk lines were grown in a 2002-03 winter increase at Yuma, AZ to speed up the breeding process. We placed a strong research emphasis on the physiology and yield potential in water-limiting conditions for wheat, and the two ear types of barley. Three different means to monitor flag leaf and ear physiology have been used, carbon isotope discrimination, gas exchanges and chlorophyll fluorescence. We are developing a proteomic approach to understand the genetic determinants of yield potential in water limiting conditions for flag leaf and awn of barley. In the proteomic area, we characterized the polymorphism between parental lines of an interspecific cross (Harrington cultivar and Hordeum vulgare spontaneum) for soluble seed proteins. The progenies derived from that cross are currently under proteomic investigations. They have been provided by Patrick Hayes (Oregon State University)(North American Barley Genome Program). This initial work is being supported by a grant from
the American Malting Barley Association.
Impacts
Spring barley is an important crop in Utah and the Intermountain region for its direct on-farm revenue but also for its often non-negociated value as on-farm animal feed. Our efforts to select lines with yield stability in water-limiting conditions should limit the amount of water used through irrigation as well as increase yield potential in dryland farming.
Publications
- D.J Hole, D. Roche and S.M. Clawson, S.A Young Registration of Deloris Wheat (2003). Crop Science, Accepted 31 Aug. 2003.
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Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02
Outputs
We continued to make barley crosses between parental lines with high yield, high test-weight (including two-rowed type barley) as well as resistance to loose smut (Ustilago tritici) and lodging. We selected lines from previous year crosses with our modified-bulk selection scheme and tested advanced lines in five locations in the State of Utah and one location in South-eastern Idaho. Data from 2001 Western Irrigated Regional Spring Barley Nursery were made available in January 2002. On 13 locations from several states (four in ID, three in ND, two in MT, one in OR, WA, UT and WY) thirty nine breeding lines from North American breeders were tested. Our four lines ranked first (UT95B1216-4087), second (UT004467), eighth (Ut004467) and twelfth (UT97B1480-1632) in overall yield average. For further 2002 year testing in the same network of nurseries we kept only UT95B1216-4087 and UT97B1480-1632 due to their satisfactory test-weight averages. As of today results from 2002
are not available. Nevertheless these two lines are being multiplied over the winter in Yuma (Arizona) for possible release in 2003. UT95B1216-4087 was also the top yielding breeding line in the Western Regional Dryland Nurseries in a field of 27 entries grown in six locations (two each in ID and ND, one each in MT, UT). A strong emphasis has been placed on studying components of yield in water-limiting conditions for spring barley and spring wheat. In Logan for two consecutive years (2001, 2002) we confirmed that a top-yielding six-rowed barley (UT95B1216-4087) selected for irrigated conditions is also the top yielding one in non-irrigated conditions. We are developing genomic and proteomic approaches to understand the genetic determinants to this potential. Two different types of physiologic traits(carbon isotope discrimination and ear gas-exchange) have been used to follow the flag leaf/ awn/ ear parts physiological states of barley and wheat plants in the month preceding grain
maturity.
Impacts
This breeding programs aims at producing cultivars with high yield potential and high nutritive value as animal feed. Spring barley is an important crop in Utah and the Intermountain region for its direct on-farm revenue but also for its often non-negociated value as on-farm animal feed. Our efforts to select lines with yield stability in water-limiting conditions should limit the amount of water used through irrigation as well as increase yield potential in dryland farming.
Publications
- D.J Hole, S.M. Clawson, S.M Young and D.Roche (2002). Registration of 'Golden Spike' Wheat. Crop Science, 42: 1376-1377.
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Progress 01/01/01 to 12/31/01
Outputs
We continued to make barley crosses between parental lines with high yield, high test-weight (including two rowed-type barley)as well as resistance to loose smut (Ustilago tritici) and lodging. We selected lines from previous year crosses with our modified-bulk selection and tested advanced lines in five different locations in the State of Utah. Advanced line UT95B-1216-4087 confirmed its high yield potential in both irrigated and dryland experiments across the State. Some barley advanced lines were tested in eleven locations in the State of Idaho with cooperation from University of Idaho Extension Service as well as in the Western Regional Nurseries Network. A strong emphasis has been placed on studying components of yield in water-limiting conditions for spring barley and spring wheat. We found that top yielding lines selected in irrigation conditions are also the top yielding ones when no irrigation is applied. This is particularly true for the cultivar Millenium
as well as breeding lines UT 95B-1216-4087 and UT 95B-1547-4392. These observations made in Cache Valley require further experimental confirmations. A new physiologic trait (carbon isotope discrimination) seems to be correlated to yield potential in both irrigated and water-limiting conditions. We expect to use this trait to select lines with higher yield potential in water-limiting conditions.
Impacts
This breeding program aims at producing cultivars with high yield potential and high nutritive value as animal feed. Spring barley is an important crop in Utah and the Intermountain region for its direct on-farm revenue but also for its often non-negociated value as on-farm animal feed. Our efforts to select lines with yield stability in water-limiting conditions should limit the amount of water used through irrigation as well as increase yield potential in dryland farming.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 01/01/00 to 12/31/00
Outputs
Cultivar development was continued this year. The objectives are to release improved spring feed barley cultivars with high yield, high test weight, high protein content and resistance to loose smut (Ustilago tritici). The potential in water use efficiency as a new criteria for selection is under investigation. In the spring of 2000, crosses between superior parental lines were continued. Crosses made previously were advanced from F1 to F2 generations during both winters in greenhouse conditions and from F2 to F5 generations as bulk field populations. These bulked populations were advanced by selection of superior individuals on visual agronomic traits. Individual plants were selected within F5 bulked populations to be selected as head rows in F6 generation. This year we selected 250 headrow-lines out of a total of 2200. Selected lines from previous years were tested in preliminary and advanced nurseries on experimental farms and on grower/cooperator's farms. The top
yielding breeding lines were UT95B1216-4087 and UT97B1747-4955 in dryland conditions and, UT95B1216-4087 and UT97B1556-5344 in irrigated conditions.
Impacts
This program aims at producing cultivars with high yield potential and high nutritive value for animal producers. Though its impact is not as highly visible, this program is a valuable asset to Utah and Intermountain region.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 01/01/99 to 12/31/99
Outputs
Certified seed of a new short, stiff-strawed, 6-row, spring feed barley ('Brigham') was produced in 1999. Foundation seed of an exceptionally high yielding, stiff-strawed advanced line (UT94B1058-4603) was produced for release in 2000 and to be named 'Millennium'. Plant variety protection will be sought for Brigham and Millennium. Breeder seed of an improved barley line (UT94B1058-4467) was produced for possible production of Foundation seed in 2000. Approximately 1000 barley, spring wheat, oat and triticale varieties and breeding lines were evaluated for agronomic and quality characteristics and for disease resistance at major irrigated and/or dryland sites in Utah, including 4 federally coordinated regional nurseries. Variety descriptions and performance data were disseminated to producers and industry representatives. Advanced breeding lines from our program were tested for barley stripe rust reaction in cooperative evaluation nurseries grown in Washington,
Colorado and Toluca, Mexico. Roughly 7000 spring barley lines were evaluated as head rows in field and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 230 spring barley crosses in the F2-F5 generations were evaluated in the field and re-selected for succeeding generations. F2 seed was produced in the greenhouse on 68 new F1 barley hybrids. New F1 combinations of 83 barleys were developed by hybridization. Forty-five spring wheat varieties and breeding lines were evaluated in cooperative regional quality tests. Five very short stature 'space' wheats were evaluated under field conditions in cooperation with the NASA project. Varietal identity and purity of 20 barley, wheat, oat and triticale cultivars were evaluated in a varietal grow-out nursery in cooperation with the Utah Department of Agriculture.
Impacts
Raw farm value of Utah's combined barley, spring wheat and oat grain crops has averaged near $26,000,000 annually over the past 10 years. This industry is dependent upon the availability of superior varieties. Recently released cultivars from our program are consistently among the highest yielding and strongest strawed entries in Utah and western regional performance nurseries.
Publications
- Albrechtsen, R.S. and Hole, D.J. 2000. Registration of 'Century' barley. Crop Sci. (In Press).
- Albrechtsen, R.S. and Hole, D.J. 2000. Registration of 'Statehood' barley. Crop Sci. (In Press).
- Albrechtsen, R.S., Hole, D.J., Thompson, V.D., and Clawson, S.M. 1999. 1998 Utah small grains performance trials. Utah Agr. Exp. Sta. Res. Report 161. 56 pp.
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Progress 01/01/98 to 12/31/98
Outputs
Registered seed of a new short, stiff-strawed, 6-row, irrigated spring feed barley (named "Brigham", UT 90B772-2120) was produced in 1998. Plant variety protection is being sought for it. Breeder seed of a high-yielding, stiff-strawed advanced spring barley line (UT94B1058-4603) was produced at Logan for possible production of Foundation seed in 1999. Roughly 1000 barley, spring wheat, oat and triticale varieties and breeding lines were evaluated for agronomic and quality characteristics and for disease resistance at major irrigated and/or dryland production sites in Utah, including four federally coordinated regional spring nurseries. Variety descriptions and information from performance trials were provided to growers and industry representatives. Advanced barley lines from our breeding program were tested for barley stripe rust reaction in cooperative disease evaluation nurseries at Cochabamba, Bolivia. Approximately 7,000 newly selected spring barley lines were
evaluated as head rows in the field and laboratory. Segregating breeding populations of 230 spring barley crosses in the F2-F5 generations were evaluated in the field and re-selected for succeeding generations. F2 seed was produced on 68 F1 barley hybrids. New F1 combinations of 88 barleys were developed by hybridization. Varietal identity and purity of 35 barley, wheat, oat triticale and rye cultivars were evaluated in a varietal grow-out test. Forty-four spring wheat varieties and advanced breeding lines were evaluated in cooperative regional quality tests. Five very short stature "space" wheats were evaluated under field conditions.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Hole, D.J., Albrechtsen, R.S., Clawson, S.M. and Thompson, V.D. 1998. 1997 Utah small grains performance trials. UAES Research Report 158:58 pages. http://wheat.usu.edu/bul_tab/bultab97.html.
- Whitesides, R.E., Albrechtsen, R.S., Hole, D.J., Thompson, V.D. and Clawson, S.M. 1998. Selecting barley varieties for Utah. USU Cooperative Extension Service Bulletin. AG/Grains/01 http://ext.usu.edu/publica/ agpubs/barley98.pdf
- Whitesides, R.E., Albrechtsen, R.S., Hole, D.J., Thompson, V.D. and Clawson, S.M. 1998. Selecting oat varieties for Utah. USU Cooperative extension Service Bulletin. AG/Grains/02 http://ext.usu.edu/publica/ agpubs/oats98.pdf
- Clawson, S.M., Whitesides, R.E., Hole, D.J., Albrechtsen, R.S. and Thompson, V.D. 1998. Selecting triticale varieties for Utah. USU Cooperative Extension Service Bulletin. AG/Grains/03 http://ext.usu.edu/ publica/agpubs/trit98ep.pdf
- Whitesides, R.E., Hole, D., Albrechtsen, R.S., Clawson, S.M. and Thompson, V.D. 1998. Selecting wheat varieties for Utah. USU Cooperative Extension Service Bulletin. AG/Grains/04 updated yearly http://ext.usu. edu/publica/agpubs/wheat98.pdf
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Progress 01/01/97 to 12/31/97
Outputs
Certified seed of two new six-row irrigated spring feed barleys ('Century' and 'Statehood') was produced in 1997. Plant variety protection is being sought from both varieties. Foundation seed of a short, stiff-strawed advanced spring barley line (UT 90B772-2120) was produced for possible release as a new variety in 1998. Head selections were made from a new high-yielding, stiff-strawed advanced spring barley line (UT 94B1058-4603) from which to produce Breeder seed in 1998. Approximately 1000 barley, spring wheat, oat and triticale varieties and breeding lines were evaluated for agronomic and quality characteristics and for disease resistance at major irrigated and/or dryland production sites in Utah, including four federally-coordinated regional nurseries. Performance data and variety descriptions were distributed to producers and industry representatives. One-hundred-three barley varieties and advanced breeding lines were evluated for barley stripe rust resistance
in cooperative disease nurseries at Cochabamba, Bolivia. Roughly 7,000 spring barley lines were evaluated as head rows in field and laobratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 220 spring barley crosses in the F2-F5 generations were evaluated in the field and re-selected for succeeding generations. F2 seed was produced on 25 F1 barley hybrids. New F1 combinations of 98 barleys were developed through hybridization. Varietal identify and purity of 21 barley, wheat, oat, triticale and rye cultivars were evaluated in a varietal grow-out test. Forty-seven spring wheat varieties and advanced breeding lines were evaluated in cooperative regional quality tests; nine were evaluated for Karnal Bunt resistance. Five short-stature space wheats were evaluated under field conditions.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- CLAWSON, S.M., R.E. WHITESIDES, D.J. HOLE, R.S. ALBRECHTSEN AND V.D. THOMPSON. 1997. Selecting triticale varieties for Utah. Utah Coop. Ext. Serv., Ext. Leaflet AG/Grains/03. 2 pp.
- CLAWSON, S.M., D.J. HOLE, R.S. ALBRECHTSEN, V.D. THOMPSON AND R.E. WHITESIDES. 1997. Selecting wheat varieties for Utah. Utah Coop. Ext. Serv., Ext. Leaflet AG/Grains/04. 4 pp.
- BUGBEE, B., G. KOERNER, R. ALBRECHTSEN, W. DEWEY AND S. CLAWSON. 1997. Registration of 'USU-Apogee' wheat. Crop Sci. 37:620.
- HOLE, D.J., R.S. ALBRECHTSEN, S.M. CLAWSON, AND S.A. YOUNG. 1997. Registration of 'Utah-100' wheat. Crop Sci. 37:1009.
- ALBRECHTSEN, R.S., D.J. HOLE, V.D. THOMPSON, AND S.M. CLAWSON. 1997. 1996 Utah small grains performance trials. Utah Agr. Exp. Sta. Res. Rept. 156. 56 pp.
- CLAWSON, S.M., D.J. HOLE, R.S. ALBRECHTSEN, V.D. THOMPSON, AND R.E. WHITESIDES. 1997. Selecting barley varieties for Utah. Utah Coop. Ext. Serv., Ext. Leaflet AG/Grains/01. 4 pp.
- CLAWSON, S.M., R.S. ALBRECHTSEN, R.E. WHITESIDES, D.J. HOLE, AND V.D. THOMPSON. 1997. Selecting oat varieties for Utah. Utah Coop. Ext. Serv., Ext. Leaflet AG/Grains/02. 2 pp.
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Progress 01/01/96 to 12/30/96
Outputs
Two new 6-row irrigated spring feed barleys were named ('Century', UT87B604-1705L and 'Statehood', UT87B604-1705D) and released to producers in 1996. Breeder seed of four high-yielding advanced spring barley lines (UT90B772-2120, UT90B772-2144, UT90B783-4180 and UT90B783-4198) was produced at Logan for possible production of Foundation seed in 1997. Roughly 1000 barley, spring wheat, oat and triticale varieties and breeding lines were evaluated for agronomic and quality characteristics and for disease resistance at major irrigated and/or dryland sites in Utah, including four federally coordinated regional nurseries. Performance data and variety descriptions were distributed to growers and industry representatives. Cooperative disease nurseries grown at Cochabamba, Bolivia, were utilized to evaluate 143 advanced breeding lines for barley stripe rust resistance. Approximately 7,000 spring barley head rows were evaluated in small-scale field and laboratory tests.
Segregating breeding populations of 244 spring barley crosses in the F2-F5 generations were evaluated in the field and re-selected for succeeding generations. F2 seed was produced on 68 F1 barley hybrids. New F1 combinations of 65 barleys were developed through hybridization. Varietal identity and purity of 32 barley, wheat, oat and triticale cultivars were evaluated in a varietal grow-out test. Forty-seven spring wheat varieties and advanced breeding lines were evaluated in detailed cooperative quality tests.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- WHITESIDES, R.E., D.J. HOLE, R.S. ALBRECHTSEN, S.M. CLAWSON AND V.D. THOMPSON. 1996. Selecting oat varieties for Utah. Utah Coop. Ext. Serv., Ext. Leaflet 232.2 pp.
- HOLE, D. J., R.S. ALBRECHTSEN AND S.M. CLAWSON. 1996. Registration of 'Garland' wheat. Crop Sci. 36:208.
- QUICK, J. S., R.S. ALBRECHTSEN AND M. STACK. 1996. Registration of 'Sylvan' wheat. Crop Sci. 36:802.
- HU, CHEN-JIAN, DAVID J. HOLE AND RULON S. ALBRECHTSEN. 1996. Barley chromosome location and expression of dwarf bunt resistance in wheat addition lines. Plant Disease 80:1273-1276.
- HOLE, D.J., R.S. ALBRECHTSEN, S.M. CLAWSON AND V.D. THOMPSON. 1996. 1995 Utah small grains performance trials. Utah Agr. Exp. Sta. Res. Rept. 154. 55 pp.
- WHITESIDES, R.E., D.J. HOLE, R.S. ALBRECHTSEN, S.M. CLAWSON AND V.D. THOMPSON. 1996. Selecting wheat varieties for Utah. Utah Coop. Ext. Serv., Ext. Leaflet 230. 4 pp.
- WHITESIDES, R.E., D.J. HOLE, R.S. ALBRECHTSEN, S.M. CLAWSON AND V.D. THOMPSON. 1996. Selecting barley varieties for Utah. Utah Coop. Ext. Serv., Ext. Leaflet 231. 4 pp.
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Progress 01/01/95 to 12/30/95
Outputs
Breeder seed of two high-yielding advanced 6-row spring feed barley lines, UT87B604-1705L and UT87B604-1705D, was produced in a winter increase at Yuma, Arizona. Foundation seed was produced at Logan for release as new varieties in 1996. Approximately 1000 barley, spring wheat, oat and triticale varieties and breeding lines were evaluated for agronomic and quality characteristics and for disease resistance at major irrigated and/or dryland production sites in Utah, including five federally coordinated regional nurseries. Performance data and variety descriptions were distributed to producers and industry representatives. Eighty-three advanced breeding lines were evaluated for barley stripe rust resistance in cooperative nurseries at Cochabamba, Bolivia. Roughly 8,000 spring barley head rows were evaluated in preliminary field and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 251 barley crosses in the F2-F5 generation were evaluated in the field and re-selected
for succeeding generations. F2 seed was produced on 68 F1 barley hybrids. New F1 combinations of 82 barleys were developed through hybridization. Varietal identity and purity of 19 barley, wheat, oat and triticale cultivars were evaluated in a varietal grow-out test. Thirty-five spring wheat varieties and advanced breeding lines were evaluated in detailed cooperative quality tests. Eight short-stature spring wheats were evaluated for possible production in spacecraft conditions.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/94 to 12/30/94
Outputs
A new high-yielding hard red spring wheat variety ('Sylvan', UT86S688-2464) was released jointly by the Utah and Colorado Agricultural Experiment Stations. Breeder seed of two high-yielding advanced spring barley lines (UT87B604-1705L and UT87B604-1705D) is being produced in a winter increase at Yuma, Arizona, for possible release as new varieties. Roughly 1000 barley, spring wheat, oat and triticale varieties and breeding lines were evaluated for agronomic and quality characteristics and for disease resistance at major irrigated and/or dryland sites in Utah, including four federally coordinated regional nurseries. Performance data and variety descriptions were distributed to growers and industry representatives. Eighty-three advanced breeding lines were evaluated for barley stripe rust resistance in cooperative nurseries at Cochabamba, Bolivia. Roughly 8,000 spring barley headrows were evaluated in preliminary field and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding
populations of 248 barley crosses in the F2-F5 generation were evaluated in the field and re-reselected for succeeding generations. F2 seed was produced on 67 F1 barley hybrids. New F1 combinations of 47 barleys were developed through hybridization. Varietal identity and purity of 18 barley, wheat and oat cultivars were evaluated in a varietal grow-out test. Thirty-five spring wheat varieties and advanced breeding lines were evaluated in detailed cooperative quality tests.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/93 to 12/30/93
Outputs
Plant Variety Protection certification for the recently released spring barley variety, "Rollo", was achieved in 1993. Application has been made for a second variety, "Walker". Both varieties possess improved qualities over "Steptoe", presently the most widely-grown barley variety in Utah. Roughly 1000 barley, spring wheat, oat and triticale varieties and breeding lines were evaluated for agronomic and quality characteristics and for disease resistance at major irrigated and/or dryland sites in Utah, including four federally coordinated regional nurseries. Performance data and variety descriptions were distributed to growers and industry representatives. Pure line re-selections of a high-yielding advanced spring barley line (UT87B604-1705) were evaluated in state and regional nurseries. Approximately 130 varieties and breeding lines were evaluated for barley stripe rust in cooperative nurseries grown at Cochabama, Bolivia. Roughly 7000 spring barley head rows were
evaluated in preliminary field and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 227 barley crosses in the F2-F5 generation were evaluated in the field and re-selected for succeeding generations. F2 seed was produced on 67 F1 barley hybrids. New F1 combinations of 73 barleys were developed through hybridization. Varietal identity and purity of 20 barley, wheat, oat and triticale cultivars were evaluated in a varietal grow-out test. GRADUATE STUDENTS= 0.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/91 to 12/30/91
Outputs
Certified seed of two improved six-row, irrigated spring feed barleys ('Rollo', UT84B417-1075 and 'Walker', UT81B306-1731) was produced in 1991. Rollo is high-yielding, moderately stiff-strawed, with average test weight and fair protein content. Walker is stiff-strawed and produces moderate yields of high quality grain. Roughly 1000 barley (spring and winter), spring wheat, oat and triticale cultivars and breeding lines were evaluated for disease resistance and for agronomic and quality characteristics at major irrigated and/or dryland sites in Utah, including four federally coordinated regional nurseries. Forty-five spring wheat entries underwent detailed milling and baking evaluations. Performance data and varietal descriptions were disseminated to producers and industry personnel. Approximately 6,000 spring barley pure-line head rows were evaluated in early generation field and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 305 spring barley crosses in the
F2-F5 generation were evaluated in the field and re-selected for the succeeding generations. F2 seed was produced on 67 spring type and 38 winter barley hybrids. New F1 combinations of 179 spring barleys and 27 winter barleys were developed through hybridization. Varietal identity and purity of 24 samples of spring barley, wheat and oat cultivars were evaluated in a varietal grow-out test.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/90 to 12/30/90
Outputs
Two improved 6-row irrigated spring feed barleys ('Rollo', UT84B417-1075 and 'Walker', UT81B306-1731) were released to producers in 1990. Rollo is high-yielding, moderately stiff-strawed, with fair protein content. Walker is stiff-strawed and produces moderate yields of high quality grain. Registered seed of both cultivars was produced for distribution in 1991. These cultivars will provide producers a choice of improved cultivars best suited to their growing conditions. Approximately 1050 barley, spring wheat and oat cultivars and breeding lines were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics at major irrigated and/or dryland sites in Utah, including four federally coordinated regional nurseries. Fifty HRS wheats received detailed milling and baking evaluations. Performance data and cultivar descriptions were disseminated to producers and industries through research reports, extension leaflets, growers meetings and field days. Roughly 5,000 spring
barley pure-line head rows were evluated through preliminary field and laboratory procedures. Segregating breeding populations of 219 barley crosses in the F2-F5 generations were evaluated in the field and re-selected for succeeding generations. F2 seed was produced on 67 F1 barley hybrids. New F1 combinations of 176 barleys were obtained through hybridization. A varietal grow-out program was conducted to evaluate cultivar identity and purity of 30 samples of spring barley, wheat and oats.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/89 to 12/30/89
Outputs
Breeder seed of two advanced 6-row spring feed barley breeding lines, UT84B417-1075 and UT81B306-1731, was produced at Yuma, Arizona. Foundation seed was produced at Logan for possible release as new varieties in 1990. UT84B417-1075 is a high-yielding, moderately stiff-strawed line with fair protein content. UT81B306-1731 is a stiff-strawed line that produces moderate yields of good quality grain. Roughly 1100 barley, spring wheat and oat varieties and breeding lines were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics at major irrigated and/or dryland sites in Utah, including four federally coordinated regional nurseries. Fifty HRS wheat cultivars underwent detailed milling and baking evaluations. Performance data and varietal descriptions were disseminated to producers and industry representatives. Approximately 3200 pure-line head rows of spring barley were evaluated in preliminary field and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 172
barley crosses in the F2-F5 generations were evaluated in the field and selections were made for the succeeding generations. F2 seed was produced on 68 F1 barley hybrids. New F1 combinations of 176 barleys were established through hybridization. Varietal identity and purity of 234 samples of spring barley, wheat and oat cultivars were determined in a varietal grow-out program.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/88 to 12/30/88
Outputs
Breeder seed of 4 advanced 6-row spring barley lines is being produced at Yuma, AZ. Approx. 1200 barley, spring wheat and oat varieties and breeding lines were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics at major irrigated and/or dryland sites, including 4 federally coordinated regional nurseries. Detailed milling and baking tests were performed on 50 HRS wheat cultivars. Performance data and varietal descriptions were distributed to producers and industry representatives. Roughly 6500 pure-line head rows of barley and spring wheat were evaluated in preliminary field and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 117 barley and 56 spring wheat crosses in the F2-F5 generations were screened in the field. F1 populations of 55 barleys and 13 spring wheats were grown. New F1 combinations of 41 barleys were developed through hybridization. Five spring barley and 1 oat cultivar were evaluated for forage and seed production when produced under
2 seeding rates at each of 2 row spacings. Six spring wheat cultivars, representing 3 height categories (2 dwarf, 2 semidwarf and 2 tall), grown under 3 seeding rates at each of 2 row spacings, were evaluated for agronomic and quality characteristics. Seventy-two spring wheat cultivars were evaluated for their adaptability for use in a controlled environment life support system, under a cooperative NASA project. Thirty-two wheat, barley and oat cultivars were evaluated for proper identity and purity in a varietal grow-out program.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/87 to 12/30/87
Outputs
Roughly 1,200 barley, spring wheat and oat varieties and breeding lines were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics at major irrigated and/or dryland sites, including 4 federally-coordinated regional nurseries. Fifty HRS wheat cultivars underwent detailed milling and baking evaluations. Performance data were disseminated to producers and industry representatives. Approximately 5,800 newly selected pure lines (head rows) of barley and spring wheat were evaluated in preliminary field, greenhouse and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 89 barley and 61 spring wheat crosses in the F2-F5 generations were screened in space-planted field plots. F1 populations of 45 barley and 37 spring wheats were produced. New F1 combinations of 89 barleys and 75 spring wheats were established through hybridization. Forage and seed production, plus additional agronomic and quality characteristics, were evaluated for 5 spring barleys and 1 oat
cultivar produced under 2 seeding rates at each of 2 row spacings. Seed production and other agronomic and quality characteristics of spring wheat cultivars representing 3 height categories (2 tall, 2 semidwarf and 2 dwarf) were evaluated under 3 seeding rates at each of 2 row spacings. Roughly 110 spring wheat cultivars were evaluated for possible usefulness in a controlled environmental life support system (CELSS), under a cooperative NASA project. Forty-two barley, wheat and oat cultivars were evaluated for proper identity.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/86 to 12/30/86
Outputs
Breeder and Foundation seed of a hard red spring wheat breeding line, UT78S147-209, were produced. Approximately 1200 barley, spring wheat and oat varieties and breeding lines were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics at major irrigated and/or dryland sites, including 4 federally coordinated regional nurseries. Detailed milling and baking tests were performed on 40 spring wheat cultivars. Performance data were distributed to producers and industry representatives. Roughly 6000 pure-line head rows were evaluated in preliminary field and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 93 barley and 59 spring wheat crosses in F2-F5 generations were screened in the field. F1 populations of 32 barleys and 20 spring wheats were produced. New F1 combinations of 45 barleys and 37 spring wheats were developed. Fifteen spring wheat varieties and selections were evaluated for possible production in a controlled environmental life support system
(CELSS), under a NASA project. Two barley isopopulations were evaluated in greenhouse and field environments under different levels of water availability to elucidate the influence of differing solute potential on drought tolerance. Comparative performance of 8 hybrid spring wheat populations and their parent lines showed heterosis for grain yield to be highly significant in the field, but generally insignificant in greenhouse tests. One grad student was associated with the project.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/85 to 12/30/85
Outputs
Registered seed of the recently released hard red spring wheat cultivar, 'Rick,'was produced. Breeder seed of an advanced HRS wheat breeding line, UT. 78S147-209, is being produced at Yuma, Arizona. Approximately 1200 varieties and breeding selections of barley, spring wheat and oats were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics at major irrigated and-or dryland sites in Utah. Performance data were disseminated to producers and industry representatives. Roughly 6500 pure-line head rows were evaluated in preliminary field and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 92 barley and 57 spring wheat crosses in the F2-F5 generations were screened in space-planted field tests. F1 populations of 38 barley and 14 spring wheat crosses were grown. New F1 combinations of 32 barley and 52 spring wheats were developed. Greenhouse, growth chamber and field performance of 18 spring wheat cultivars were compared. A series of spring heat F1 hybrids
and their respective parent lines were evaluated for comparative performance in controlled and field environments. One graduate student associated with the project.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/84 to 12/30/84
Outputs
Breeder and Foundation seed of a hard red spring wheat breeding line, UT77W1054-1774, was produced. Roughly 1000 barley, spring wheat and oat varieties and breeding lines were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics at irrigated and or dryland test sites, including 4 federally coordinated regional nurseries. Fifty spring wheat cultivars underwent detailed milling and baking evaluations. Performance data were distributed to producers and industry personnel. Approximately 6500 pure line head rows were evaluated in field and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 79 barley and 67 spring wheat crosses in the F 2 - f 5 generations were screened in space-planted field plots. New f 1 populations of 52 barleys and 23 spring wheats were developed through hybridization. The performance of 15 spring wheat cultivars was compared in greenhouse, growth chamber and field tests, for their possible use in the NASA, CELSS project. Establishment
of a diallel series of spring wheat crosses was initiated to compared their performance with that of pure lines in controlled and field environments. One graduate student was associated with the project.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/83 to 12/30/83
Outputs
Registered seed of the recently released hard red spring wheat variety, "Wynne",was produced. Breeder seed of an advanced HRS wheat breeding line, UT.77W1054-1774, is being produced at Yuma, Arizona. Approximately 1000 varieties and breeding lines of barley, spring wheat (including durums), oats and triticale were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics at major irrigated and/or dryland sites in Utah, including 4 federally coordinated regional nurseries. Cooperating commercial flour mills performed detailed milling and baking tests on 50 advanced lines and check varieties of HRS wheat. Roughly 5000 pure line head rows of barley and spring wheat were evaluated in preliminary field and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 79 barley and 71 spring wheat crosses in the F2-F5 generations were screened in space-planted field tests. F1 populations of 25 barley and 22 spring wheat crosses were grown in the greenhouse and field. New
F, combinations of 77 barleys and 131 spring wheats were developed through hybridization. One graduate student was associated with the project.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/82 to 12/30/82
Outputs
Foundation seed of a new hard red spring wheat variety, 'Wynne' UT. 74S25-776, was released to growers in 1982. Roughly 950 varieties and breeding selections of spring and winter barley, spring wheat (including durums), oats and triticale were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic, and quality characteristics at appropriate irrigated and/or dryland sites in Utah, and in federally coordinated regional nurseries. Sixty hard red spring wheat varieties advanced lines underwent detailed milling and baking evaluations by cooperating commercial flour mills. Performance and quality data were disseminated to producers and grain industry representatives. Approximately 5,400 newly selected pure lines (head rows) of barley and spring wheat were evaluated in preliminary field, greenhouse, and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 72 barley and 65 spring wheat crosses in the F(2)-F(5) generations were screened agronomically and pathologically in space-lanted field
plots. F(1) populations of 87 barley and 163 spring wheat crosses were grown in the greenhouse or the field. New F(1) combinations of 41 barleys and 112 spring wheats were established through hybridization. Work was continued to incorporate the uniculm plant character into barley and spring wheat lines of adapted genetic background, and to evaluate their possible usefulness in a breeding program.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/81 to 12/30/81
Outputs
Breeder seed of an advanced hard red spring wheat breeding line (UT. 74S25-776) was produced at Yuma, Arizona, during the winter of 1980-81. Foundation seed of this selection was produced at Farmington in 1981 for release to growers as a new variety in 1982. Approximately 950 varieties and breeding lines of spring and winter barley, spring wheat (including durums), oats, and triticale were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic, and quality characteristics at appropriate irrigated and/or dryland sites in Utah, including 4 federally coordinated regional nurseries. Cooperating commercial flour mills performed detailed milling and baking tests on 63 advanced lines and check varieties of spring wheat. Performance data were disseminated to grain producers and industry representatives. Roughly 4,000 recently selected pure lines of barley and spring wheat were evaluated in preliminary field, greenhouse, and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 70 barley and
57 spring wheat crosses in the F(2)-F(5) generations were screened in space-planted field tests. F(1) populations of 45 barley and 66 spring wheat crosses were grown in the greenhouse and field. New F(1) combinations of 87 barleys and 163 spring wheats were developed through hybridization. Barley and spring wheat varieties were grown in pure stands and in selected mixture combinations to determine possible synergistic effects obtainable from mixtures.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 10/01/80 to 12/30/80
Outputs
Registered seed of the recently released 6-row spring feed barley, 'Bracken' (Ut. Bl-1399) was produced. Breeder seed of 2 advanced spring wheat lines is being produced in a winter increase at Yumna, Arizona. Roughly 800 varieties and advanced breeding lines of spring and winter barley, spring wheat (including durums), oats and triticale were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics at irrigated and/or dryland sites in Utah and in federally coordinated regional nurseries. Sixty hard red spring wheat varieties and advanced lines received detailed milling and baking evaluations by cooperating commercial flour mills. Approximately 4,000 newly selected pure lines of barley and spring wheat were evaluated in preliminary field, greenhouse and laboratory tests. Segregating breeding populations of 69 barley and 55 spring wheat crosses in the F(2)-F(5) generations were screened agronomically and pathologically in space-planted field plots. F(1)
populations of 45 barleys and 66 spring wheats were grown in the greenhouse or the field. New F combinations of 48 barley and 55 spring wheats were established through hybridization. Work was continued to determine the influence of commercial growth regulators upon yield and related characteristics in barley and wheat. Work was initiated to investigate the relative performance of barley and spring wheats grown in pure stands and in selected mixture combinations to determine possible synergistic effects obtainable from mixtures.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/79 to 12/30/79
Outputs
Registered seed of the recently released hard red spring wheat variety, 'Powell', was produced. Breeder seed of an advanced spring barley line (UT. B1-1399) was produced at Yuma, Arizona during the Winter of 1978-79. Foundation seed was produced at Logan in 1979 for release to growers as a new variety in 1980. Approximately 850 varieties and breeding lines of spring and winter barley, spring wheat, oats and triticale were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics at appropriate irrigated and/or dryland sites in Utah and in federally coordinated nurseries throughut the Western U.S. Cooperating commercial flour mills conducted detailed milling and baking tests on 60 spring wheat advanced lines and check varieties. Performance data were disseminated to growers and other members of the grain industry. Roughly 5,000 recently selected pure lines of barley and spring wheat were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics in
field, laboratory and greenhouse tests. Segregating breeding populations of 68 barley and 68 spring wheat crosses in the F(2)-F(5) generations were screened for agronomic and pathologic characteristics in space-planted field tests. F(1) combinations of 40 barley and 56 spring wheat crosses were grown in the greenhouse and field. New F(1) combinations of 45 barleys and 66 spring wheats were developed through hybridization.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/78 to 12/30/78
Outputs
A hard red spring wheat selection (Ut. S15, 16-517) was released as a new variety named "Powell." It is a high yielding semidwarf with excellent bread-making properties. Head selections from two advanced spring barley lines were sent to Yuma, Arizona for a winter increase of Breeder seed. Varieties and advanced breeding lines of spring and winter barley, spring wheat, oats and tritical were evaluated agronomically, pathologically, and for quality characteristics at irrigated and/or dryland sites in Utah and in federally coordinated tests throughout the Western region of the U.S. Sixty hard red spring wheat varieties and advanced lines were subjected to detailed milling and baking tests conducted by cooperating commercial flour mills. Performance data were summarized and disseminated to proating commercial flour mills. Performance data were summarized and disseminated to producers and members of the grain industry. Approximately 6,000 pure line selections in
various stages of development were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic, and quality characheristics in field, laboratory, and greenhouse tests. Breeding populations of 119 barley and 115 spring wheat crosses in the F(1)-F(5) generations were screened agronomically and pathologically in space-planted field and greenhouse plantings. New F(1) combinations of 40 barleys and 56 spring wheats were developed through hybridization.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/77 to 12/30/77
Outputs
Breeder seed of an advanced hard red spring wheat breeding line (Ut. S15,16-517)was produced at Yuma, Arizona during the winter of 1976-77. Foundation seed of this selection was produced at Logan in 1977 for release to growers as a new variety in 1978. Head selections were made from a second breeding line (Ut. S15,16-611) at Yuma for possible release at a later date. Varieties and advanced breeding lines of barley (spring and winter), spring wheat, oats and triticale were evaluated agronomically and pathologically at one or more irrigated and dryland sites in Utah and in regional tests in the western U.S. Sixty varieties and breeding lines of spring wheat underwent detailed milling and baking tests conducted by cooperating commercial flour mills. Varietal performance data were disseminated to growers. Roughly 5,000 pure line selections in various stages of development were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics in field, laboratory and
greenhouse tests. Segregating breeding populations of 42 barley and 59 spring wheat crosses in the F(2)-F(6) generations were screened agronomically and pathologically in spaced-plantings. F(1) populations of 32 barley and 43 spring wheat crosses were grown in the greenhouse and field. New F(1) combinations of 61 barleys and 58 spring wheats were developed through hybridization.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/76 to 12/30/76
Outputs
Head selections were taken from 3 hard red spring wheat breeding lines (Ut. S4-303, Ut. S15, 16-517, and Ut. 16-611) and are being grown as head rows at Yuma, Arizona. These will provide Breeder's seed from which one or more new varieties will likely be released. Varieties and advanced breeding lines of spring barley and spring wheat were evaluated agronomically and pathologically at 5 irrigated and 2 dryland sites in Utah and in regional tests in the western states. Winter barleys were tested at 2 sites and spring oats at one. Results of state tests were disseminated to growers through publications and grain schools. Approximately 4,000 selections in various stages of development were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic, and quality characteristics in field, laboratory, and greenhouse tests. Cooperating commercial flour mills performed detailed milling and baking tests on 60 spring wheat varieties and advanced breeding lines. Segregating breeding populations
of 45 barley and 60 spring wheat crosses in the F(2)-F(5) generation were screened for agronomic and pathologic characteristics in spaced-plantings. F(1) populations of 22 barley and 61 spring wheat crosses were grown in the greenhouse and field. Thirty-two new F(1) combinations of barley and 42 spring wheat were developed through hybridization. Segregating populations from 4 spring wheat crosses were evaluated to determine the influence of genotype, plant population and selectionpressure upon tillering and other plant
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/75 to 12/30/75
Outputs
Head selections of the dryland spring barley variety "Munsing" were increased and checked for trueness to type at Yuma, Arizona. Foundation seed was producedfrom this increase for release to growers in 1976. Spring barley and spring wheat varieties and advanced breeding lines were evaluated agronomically and pathologically at 5 irrigated and 2 dryland sites in Utah and in regional tests in the western states. Winter barleys were tested at 2 sites and spring oats atone. Results of all state tests were made available to growers through meetingsand publications. Preliminary agronomic, pathologic and quality evaluations weremade on approximately 4000 selections in various stages of development. Cooperating commercial flour mills performed detailed milling and baking tests on 61 spring wheat varieties and advanced breeding lines. A number of promisinglines were identified from these tests. Those showing most potential will be advanced to regional tests. Segregating
breeding populations (Fy-F1 generation)of 46 barley and 60 spring wheat crosses were screened for agronomic and pathologic characteristics in spaced-plantings. FPG populations of 17 barley and18 spring wheat crosses were grown in the greenhouse and field. Forty-five FPG combinations of barley and 53 of spring wheat were developed through hybridization. Segregating populations and pure lines from 4 spring wheat crosses were evaluated to determine the influence of genotype, plant population and selection pressure upon tillering and other plant
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 01/01/73 to 12/30/73
Outputs
A new spring feed barley, Deawn (Ut. 1742-16), was named and released in 1973. It is a high yielding, 6-row, early, short, lodging-resistant, irrigated varietywith good loose smut resistance and excellent threshability. Varieties and advanced breeding lines of spring barley and spring wheat were evaluated agronomically and pathologically at 5 irrigated and 2 dryland sites in Utah. Winter barleys were tested at 2 sites and spring oats at one. Approximately 3000 spring barley and wheat breeding selections were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics in 4-row and single head row plots in thefield and in the laboratory. Sixty spring wheat varieties and advanced breedinglines were subjected to detailed milling and baking tests. Space-planted segregating populations of 37 barley crosses and 38 spring wheat crosses in the F2-F6 generation were screened for agronomic and pathologic characteristics. F(1) populations of 39 barley and 63 spring wheat
crosses were advanced in the greenhouse and field. Hybridizations were accomplished for 11 new F(1) combinations of barley and 30 of spring wheat. Studies were completed on the effects of Vitavax, Benlate and TBZ seed treatments upon yield and other characteristics of barley and spring wheat. A graduate student study was completed on the effects of crop mixtures on yield and yield components.
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Progress 01/01/72 to 12/30/72
Outputs
Foundation seed of an advanced spring barley selection (Ut. 1742-16) was produced in anticipation of releasing it as a new variety. It is a high yielding, 6-row, short, early, lodging-resistant selection with good loose smut resistance and excellent threshability. Spring barley and spring wheat varieties and advanced breeding lines were evaluated agronomically and pathologically at 6 irrigated and 2 dryland sites in Utah. Oats and winter barley were evaluated at one irrigated site. Approximately 1500 spring barley breeding selections were evaluated in 4-row and single head row plots. Forty space-planted segregating populations from F(2)-F(6) were screened for agronomicand pathologic characteristics. Thirty-six F(1) populations were advanced in the greenhouse and field and some were utilized in multiple-crosses. Twenty-five single-cross and 8 multiple-cross combinations were created by hybridization to provide new segregating material from which to select.
Approximately 1000 spring wheat breeding selections were evaluated for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics in 4-row and single head row plots and in laboratory tests. Forty-two space-planted segregating populations from F(2)-F(6) were re-selected. Twenty-one F(1) populations were advanced in the greenhouse and field. Forty-nine F(1) crosses were made utilizing both hardred and soft white wheats.
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Progress 01/01/71 to 12/30/71
Outputs
Barley and spring wheat varieties and advanced breeding lines were evaluated agronomically and pathologically in yield tests at 6 irrigated and 2 dryland sites in Utah. Oats were yield-tested at 1 irrigated site. Twenty-nine single-cross and 12 multiple- cross combinations of spring and winter barley were created from which to select in later generations. Some crosses involve the line "Hiproly" as a source of high protein. Forty-one barley crosses were grown in F(1). Thirty-seven segregating populations ranging from F(2)-F(6) werescreened for agronomic, pathologic and quality characteristics. 588 F(7) selections were evaluated in head rows. Seventeen genetic crosses were made. Classification of some segregating genetic populations was accomplished. Four single-cross and 17 multiple-cross combinations of spring wheat were created in an attempt to combine high yield, semi-dwarf growth habit and good bread-makingquality. Forty-seven crosses were grown in F(1).
Thirty segregating populations were grown in spaced-plantings and selected for desirable observablecharacteristics in the field and laboratory. 150 advanced selections were evaluated in a preliminary yield test at one location. Forty-nine varieties andadvanced breeding lines were evaluated in detailed mixing and baking tests. Effects of Vitavax, Benlate and TBZ seed treatments on barley and spring wheat were evaluated.
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Progress 01/01/70 to 12/30/70
Outputs
A hard red spring wheat selection was released as a new variety named "Fremont".It is a high yielding semi-dwarf with good quality characteristics. Agronomic and pathologic evaluations of varieties and advanced breeding lines of barley and spring wheat were conducted at 5 irrigated and 2 dryland sites within Utah. Forty-two new spring barley crosses were made to create segregating populations from which to select and combine in various multiple crosses. Several crosses involve the high protein line "hiproly" in attempt to transfer the high protein characteristic into adapted genotypes. Twenty-eight segregating barley populations ranging from F(1)-F(6) generation were grown and screened for short stiff straw, good threshability, kernel plumpness and other agronomic, quality and pathologic characteristics. Approximately 500 barley genetic testers were grown to obtain new seed and to classify genetically. Crosses were made betweenseveral genetic stocks to initiate
genetic studies on mutant traits. Forty-seven spring wheat crosses were made. Segregating populations from 20 crosses in the F(2)-F(6) generation were screened for desirable agronomic and pathologic characteristics. F(7) generation wheat head rows were grown and evaluated for agronomic and quality characteristics. Forty-six varieties and advanced breeding lines were evaluated in milling and baking tests.
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Progress 01/01/69 to 12/30/69
Outputs
Two new barley varieties, Woodvale and Bonneville 70, were named and released in1969. Foundation seed stocks of Woodvale, a shorter, earlier maturing selectionfrom the variety Vale, were released to certified seed producers. Approximately1000 bushels of this variety will be available to Utah growers for spring planting in 1970. Woodvale has been the top yielder in varietal tests throughout the state for several years. Its shortness and earlier maturity constitute advantages over Vale and Bonneville. Bonneville 70 is an improved-threshing strain of Bonneville. It was selected from the X(2) progeny of Bonneville seed which had been exposed to radiation. Except for improved threshability and increased susceptibility to loose smut, it is morphologically and agronomically indistinguishable from Bonneville. A hard red semi-dwarf spring wheat selection (256-3-14-45-20) was increased during the winter in headrows at Yuma, Arizona, and grown in a foundation planting at
Logan in the summer of 1969. This high yielding semi-dwarf breadwheat is being seriously considered for release. Six new barley crosses and four new wheat crosses were made and 37 additional crosses in generations from F(2) to F(6) were screened for disease resistance and desirable agronomic type.
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Progress 01/01/68 to 12/30/68
Outputs
Fifteen new spring barley crosses were made and 30 additional crosses, ranging in generations from F(1)-F(4), were grown in 1968. The F(2), F(3) and F(4) generations were grown in space-planted plots of approximately 2,000 plants each. Selection was practiced primarily for short, stiff straw and threshability. Thirty-six varieties and advanced breeding selections were grownin irrigated yield trials at Logan and at Farmington. One line was the top yielder at both locations, averaging over 140 bushels per acre. This line was increased at Yuma, Arizona, during the winter of 1967-68 and will be released in1969 as the variety "Woodvale." Two hundred and fifty barley testers were grownand classified for genetic characteristics in 1968. A study of Vitavax seed treatment for barley loose smut control was conducted. In the spring wheat breeding program progress was made toward developing hard red semi-dwarf lines for use under irrigation. Segregating populations from
15 crosses were screenedfor short straw and hard red kernel type. Preliminary quality tests (protein and sedimentation) were conducted on several hundred lines. Milling and baking tests were carried out with a number of advanced selections. Several were ratedas acceptable in baking quality. Two of these lines, have been sent to Arizona for a preliminary winter increase. A precision planter, utilizing a vacuum mechanism, was developed.
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Progress 01/01/67 to 12/30/67
Outputs
Since 1967 was the initial year for Project 735, major emphasis was placed on crossing, in order to build up segregating populations in which selection can becarried out in future years. In the spring wheat phase of the program, crosses were made between our best semi-dwarf breeding lines (from Dr. R. W. Woodward's former program) and good quality spring breadwheats from the northern Great Plains. Crosses were also made between our locally-adapted varieties and several of the newer high-yielding semi-dwarfs from the Rockefeller wheat breeding program in Mexico. Three of our semi-dwarf selections were advanced toregional testing this year. These lines yield well, but are somewhat borderlinein bread-making quality. Extensive crossing was also carried out in the barley breeding program, with emphasis being placed on parents with short, stiff straw and loose smut resistance. Two promising advanced selections are being seriously considered for release. One of these,
a relatively early-maturing, short-strawed selection from the variety Vale has been sent to Yuma, Arizona, for a preliminary seed increase this winter. It will be returned to Logan and grown in a Foundation seed field in the spring of 1968. If released, this selection would offer advantages in earliness and improved lodging resistance over the varieties we are presently recommending for use under high levels of fertility and irrigation.
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