Source: UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY submitted to
HARNESSING BLUEBERRY FLOWER CHEMISTRY AND MORPHOLOGY TO BOOST POLLINATION AND BEE HEALTH
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
ACTIVE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1031497
Grant No.
2023-51181-41188
Cumulative Award Amt.
$50,000.00
Proposal No.
2023-05626
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Sep 1, 2023
Project End Date
Aug 31, 2025
Grant Year
2023
Program Code
[SCRI]- Specialty Crop Research Initiative
Project Director
Borghi, M.
Recipient Organization
UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY
(N/A)
LOGAN,UT 84322
Performing Department
Biology
Non Technical Summary
Blueberry, a specialty crop prized for both its health benefits and potential earnings, is highly dependent on insect-mediated pollination for production. When insect visitation rates are low, pollen transfer is also low, and production fails to reach yield and quality standards necessary to support grower profits and consumer demand. Therefore, growers distribute honey bee colonies on their farms to increase pollination. However, this practice is of limited efficacy due to insect preferences for flowers with specific morphological characteristics as well as scent and nectar, which make effective pollination difficult. Moreover, when honey bees feed exclusively on blueberry flowers, bee colonies are depleted, a phenomenon not yet fully understood. Ultimately, the added costs for beehive management drive increasing costs of hive rental, resulting in lower revenues for producers. To tackle the issue of effective blueberry pollination, this Specialty Crop Research Initiative Planning Project proposes a synergy-building meeting where experts will discuss a strategic plan to promote flower visitation and pollen transfer, as well as ensure quality foraging resources for honey bees. By combining expertise in floral chemistry and morphology, genetics, apiculture, floral microbiome, bee behavioral video-tracking, horticulture, and economics, our team of experts, together with industry collaborators and stakeholders, will plan a feasible approach for better pollination, which will ultimately be translated in the completion of a future Standard Research and Extension Project proposal. Additional project outcomes, including a perspective article and materials for growers, consumers and student learning, will help raise awareness on the importance of insect-mediated pollination for fruit and seed production.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
100%
Applied
(N/A)
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
2011120100012%
2011120104012%
2011120108012%
2011120108114%
2013010103020%
2016199301010%
2017210202020%
Keywords
Goals / Objectives
The long-term goal of this proposal is to find sustainable solutions to pollination in blueberry that meet farmers needs for stable and competitive yields and the public demand for sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural practices. We have set short- and mid-term goals to help us to reach our long-term goal. Our primary short-term goal is the organization of a Planning Meeting which will bring together a interdisciplinary team of experts in the field of flower chemistry, genetics, pollination, AI, economy and extension to write a successful SCRI-SREP proposal. During the meeting, our team of experts will brainstorm about methods and strategies to find solution to blueberry pollination. Our mid-term goals, which will be further solidified during the planning meeting, include: identification of the chemical traits of pollinator preferences and their underlying genetics; determine the morphological traits promoting animal-mediated pollination and their molecular determinants; improving techniques of pollinator tracking; identify ways to improve breeding to improve animal-mediated pollination. Concurrently, we aim at rising awareness on the need for animal-mediated pollination in blueberry and other crops.
Project Methods
In the first phase of the project, the PD will contact all meeting participants via email to confirm day and time of the meeting and the logistic associated with travel and lodging. PD Borghi with the help of a USU postdoc, will divide the team into working groups based on their area of expertise and assign tasks. Working groups (WGs) will be proposed based on PI and co-PI area of expertise and include: 1) Flower morphology and chemistry; 2) Genomics, genetics and mapping; 3) Pollinators: nutrition, health, behavior, and the microbiome; 4) Horticulture: production, extension, and economics. PD Borghi will prepare templates to be used for the PowerPoint presentations, and a detailed list of meeting expectations and outcomes to be sent to all participants. PIs and co-PIs will examine the current literature in their field of expertise and send to PD Borghi a copy of their PowerPoint presentation and a detailed bibliography with statements of significance of the most relevant papers in that discipline. PD Borghi will compile the material and share it with the team during the first week of March 2024. The goal of the presentations and the purpose of bibliographies are to educate between specialties and provide a common platform for discussion. Each WG will designate a chair responsible for compiling the written reports including a summary of the main objectives, methods, and approaches. The reports will be utilized to write the draft of a future SREP proposal. Cross-working-group discussions will be set to facilitate engagement and participation across specialties and clarify methods and assumptions. PD, co-PD, PIs, co-PIs, industry collaborators, stakeholders, and advisory board 17 members will participate to cross-working-group discussions, which will be facilitated by Riley (Visualizing Potential LLC). Each WG group will present "state of the art", "proposed approach", and "material/tools needed to complete the task". Working group and cross-working-group discussion will follow during the afternoon of day one and day two. Team members will write reports about those discussions which will become integral components of the SREP proposal. PD Borghi will collect the material, revise it and share it with all participants after the meeting. PD, co-PD, PIs and co-PIs will also continue conversations and discussions via email and videoconferences after the workshop. The aim of this prolonged dialogue is perfecting the drafts of the SREP proposal and providing updates until submission. These prolonged meetings will also serve the purpose of finalizing a review paper on the topic of pollination in blueberry and novel research directions that can be taken to improve it. Fact sheets, instructional material and material for public outreach will be ready and shared among all team members after the workshop and will be readily available for dissemination.

Progress 09/01/23 to 08/31/24

Outputs
Target Audience:Target audience: The primary target audience was the participants attending the planning grant planning held at Utah State University on March 12-13, 2024. Meeting participants included academics employed at various institutions across the country with expertise in the fields of flower biology, plant reproduction, and pollination including biochemists, molecular geneticists and breeders, horticulturalists, entomologists, engineers and AI experts, economists, and extensionists. Additionally, industry collaborators and stakeholders participated in the planning grant meeting and contributed expertise in the fields of blueberry nursery and farming, beekeeping, pollinator planning in agriculture, insect nutrition and health, and bee ecology. These participants informed project development for the grant proposal that will be submitted in winter 2024/2025. Graduate students from Utah State University conducting related research in the fields of blueberry pollination, flower biology, and biochemistry also attended the planning meeting as a part of their graduate educational program. Target audience benefited: The planning grant meeting offered a synergy-building opportunity of open discussion to effectively integrate current knowledge on topics of specific expertise of each meeting participant to meet the NIFA-SCRI requirements of trans-disciplinarity. The meeting reached a successful level of dynamic collaborative heterogeneity that promoted awareness of the project objectives and goals. Topic-specific expertise was shared among the meeting participants to bridge across disciplines, topic-specific problems were highlighted, and solutions were identified collaboratively. All meeting participants worked effectively and contributed to preparing draft objectives and methodologies for a SREP proposal to be submitted in winter 2024/2025. Broader public benefited: To raise public attention on the topic of blueberry pollination and the novel research directions we are exploring to improve pollination services, the meeting participants worked together on a draft of a perspective paper to be submitted to a scientific journal in the field of plant/crop science.The meeting participants prepared and shared PowerPoint presentations on the topics of their expertise, including notes and updated bibliography that academics are encouraged to use as instructional material for undergraduate and graduate student training and to promote in-class discussion. Additionally, this material will be utilized to prepare fact sheets and brochures for growers, beakers, and the general public which will be distributed freely on a related blueberry project webpage (https://blueberrypollination.org/). Changes/Problems:Changes/Problems: An extension has been requested to allow all meeting participants to work affectively on related publications. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Training and Professional Development: The meeting increased trans-disciplinary knowledge. The meeting offered non-traditional educational training to graduate students and postdocs. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Dissemination: Given much of the work in this Planning Grant is fundamental and emerging, relatively little information has been shared with growers and beekeepers. However, results regarding variation in flower morphology and chemical traits generated from related collaborative work between PD Borghi and co-PD DeVetter was shared at the 2023 Washington Small Fruit Conference and 2024 Oregon Blueberry Field Day, where ~51% of the total national blueberry production originates. These avenues of information dissemination will be expanded with a successful SREP proposal and also leverage an existing blueberry pollination website (https://blueberrypollination.org/). In addition, the PD and Co-PIs will also share findings to a broader, academic community through a review manuscript that is in preparation. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Plan of Work: The PD and Co-PIs are working toward the submission of a SREP proposal. The PD and Co-PIs with the support of the meeting participants are working toward the submission of a review manuscript for dissemination to the scientific community.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Accomplishments: A trans-disciplinary meeting on the topic of blueberry pollination was held at Utah State University on March 12-13, 2024. Awareness was raised on the urgency and relevance of finding solutions for blueberry pollination as well as needs for growers and beekeepers. The meeting participants acted together to find trans-disciplinary solutions summarized in a draft SREP proposal to be submitted in winter 2024/2025. Educational material has been prepared and shared among the meeting participants for dissemination at their local institution

Publications