Source: WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY submitted to
TRAUMA-INFORMED COMMUNITIES OF PRACTICE: BUILDING CAPACITY TO ADDRESS OPIOID MISUSE IN RURAL AND TRIBAL COMMUNITIES
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
ACTIVE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1029162
Grant No.
2022-46100-38166
Cumulative Award Amt.
$349,819.00
Proposal No.
2022-04852
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Sep 1, 2022
Project End Date
Aug 31, 2025
Grant Year
2022
Program Code
[LX]- Rural Health & Safety Education
Recipient Organization
WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY
240 FRENCH ADMINISTRATION BLDG
PULLMAN,WA 99164-0001
Performing Department
(N/A)
Non Technical Summary
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are a public health crisis contributing to long-term negative health effects such as mental illness and substance misuse. COVID-19 has amplified existing ACE's, the prevalence of mental health challenges, and the existing opioid epidemic across the U.S. and within Washington (WA) state. These unprecedented events of the last two years have intensified the opioid epidemic, historical and cultural trauma, and lack of access to mental health services within many WA rural and Native American communities. By engaging the Extension workforce, this multi-level strategy aims to lessen the effects of COVID-19 and prevent opioid misuse in rural and Native American communities by addresing risk factors such as exposure to collective trauma and substance use behaviors while enhancing protective factors such as access to support services and community collaboration. The proposed project includes 1) engaging a broad and diverse group of community-based stakeholders in partnership with the WSU Coville Reservation Extension Office in a Community of Practice model to develop and expand local expertise in trauma-informed principles, and build capacity to address these issues at the community level; and 2) increasing capacity of Extension faculty, staff, and volunteers to address the consequences of the opioid epidemic and related risk factors of complex trauma and mental health with training on trauma-informed principles. Combined, these objectives leverage the WSU Extension system and its statewide network to apply trauma-informed principles that support the mitigation of the effects of collective trauma to build resilience within WA's rural and Native American communities.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
(N/A)
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
80260503070100%
Goals / Objectives
The goal of this proposal is to cultivate adoption of trauma-informed principles and strategies in a Community of Practice (CoP) serving a high need rural Native American community while also expanding capacity for trauma-informed services in rural Washington by utilizing virtual platforms to provide statewide training and technical assistance to WSU Extension faculty, staff, and volunteers. This multi-level strategy aims to lessen the effects of COVID-19 and prevent opioid misuse in rural and tribal communities alike. It will address risk factors such as exposure to collective trauma, mental health challenges, and substance use behaviors and will enhance protective factors such as access to support services and community resilience.Objective #1: To engage WSU Extension personnel and a broad and diverse group of community-based stakeholders in partnership with the Colville Reservation Extension Office to develop and expand local expertise in trauma-informed principles and strategies.Protective Factor: Community capacity building: As communities respond to local opioid crises and COVID-recovery priorities, WSU Extension is positioned to help support community capacity building with an emphasis on disseminating trauma-informed expertise and resources. This approach builds from existing engagement with 4-H personnel who have participated in prior trauma-informed training and a current USDA NIFA-funded learning community training and discussion series. Both prior projects generated interest to further integrate trauma-informed principles into everyday practices for Extension personnel and volunteers, with participant feedback indicating a strong desire to learn more and practice applying trauma-informed approaches that recognize individual strengths and cultural and rural backgrounds. CAFRU proposes to work in close collaboration with the Colville Reservation Extension Office to engage community-based systems of care in a dialogue and development process with the goal to integrate trauma-informed principles into practice.Objective 1.a: Conduct outreach and engagement activities to identify and build a group of participants on the Colville Reservation who will lead and inform the community of practice (CoP) priority activities. Community-based providers who serve the Colville Reservation and other community stakeholders will be invited to participate in the CoP. Staff from CAFRU will serve as the CoP coordinating group in cooperation with leadership from the Colville Reservation Extension Office.Objective 1.b: Evaluate community concerns, challenges, strengths, and resources that can inform implementation and sustainability planning.CAFRU will adapt Breakthrough Learning Collaborative practiceswith a voluntary cross-section of CoP participants to evaluate community concerns, challenges, strengths, and resources. CAFRU staff will work with the CoP to identify community priorities, develop trauma-informed goals, an implementation plan, and a process for continuous service improvement and reflection that are culturally responsive and specific.Objective 1.c: Support sustained integration of trauma-informed principles among CoP participants from local health, human, and education systems.Endeavors under this objective will be organized to 1) develop a common understanding and language that is culturally responsive, 2) develop a set of service goals across participating agencies to address organizational practices and use of trauma-informed practices, 3) support the CoP to develop and implement plans to utilize trauma-informed principles adapted to their local setting, and 4) to support increased coordination and service impact among providers.Objective 2: To increase capacity of Extension faculty, staff, and volunteers to address the opioid epidemic and related risk factors of complex trauma and mental health with trauma-informed principles. Risk Factors: Complex Trauma and Mental Health: The intersection of trauma and an individual and group's culture, history, race, gender, location, and language cross in many ways. Systems that are trauma-informed acknowledge and are responsive to the unique needs of diverse communities. Cultural literacy is critical to improving approaches while improving the standard of care for traumatized individuals and groups.Trauma-informed approaches should understand and recognize that strategies and systems changes cannot be "one size fits all" especially when planning to collaborate with diverse communities and vulnerable populations.This proposal builds upon a current USDA NIFA RHSE grant that has introduced and integrates SAMHSAs identified five key principles (key words bolded) of: physical and emotional safety; individual choice and control; collaboration and power sharing; trustworthiness, consistency, and interpersonal boundaries; and empowerment and skill building.Incorporating these five key trauma-informed principles into the diverse community serving organization such as WSU Extension promotes the creation and sustainability of safe and secure systems and environments that tend to individual and group's physical, emotional, and mental well-being. Such systems and environments, along with the stability and social cohesion they cultivate, can mitigate the negative effects of trauma and prevent re-traumatization.These positive changes can, in turn, ripple among thousands of community members. In the case of WSU Extension, there are 40 locations, currently over 500 faculty and staff and 3,500 volunteers, where 50% of 4-H and 43% of Master Gardeners volunteers serve rural counties.Objective #2 Approach:Objective 2.a: To develop and implement a pre-recorded onboarding training on trauma-informed principles and strategies for all new and existing Extension faculty, staff, and volunteers.Objective 2.b: To engage a multidisciplinary advisory committee with Extension personnel for regular guidance on the development of the onboarding training on trauma-informed principles and strategies.Objective 2.c: To provide quarterly targeted technical assistance and consultation opportunities for Extension faculty, staff, and volunteers to utilize as a resource in rural communities to support application of trauma-informed principles and strategies.The proposed project will use virtual methods to train and engage faculty, staff, and volunteers in the foundations of trauma-informed care and principles. Essential to the training takeaways will be a deepened understand of ACEs, complex trauma, how ACEs and trauma impact the individual and community, and practical, applicable steps for how to incorporate trauma-informed practice in their diverse communities they serve.
Project Methods
CAFRU will coordinate withstaff at the Colville Reservation Extension Office to conduct outreach and engagement activities that will identify and build a group of service providers on the Colville Reservation who will lead and inform the CoP priority activities. Activities conducted to reach this objective are informed by methods used to engage, assess, support, and sustain innovative and evidence-based approaches with community leaders, service providers, and other stakeholders. Initial participants identified for engagement include Extension Office staff and volunteers, leaders at local schools, Head Start centers, and the tribal behavioral health clinic. In coordination with the Colville Reservation Extension Office, community stakeholders who are willing to serve as CoP participants will be identified and invited to attend monthly meetings to develop an agreed-to project vision and process. CAFRU staff will coordinate with the Colville Reservation Extension Office to develop cultural literacy communication and engagement materials, and to develop a coordinated approach to the strengths and needs assessment phase.CAFRU will facilitate monthly CoP meetings with up to 16 community-based participants to evaluate community concerns, challenges, strengths, and resources that can inform implementation and sustainability planning. The meetings will be used to plan and conduct a community strength and needs assessment with CoP participants. CAFRU will offer suggestions and will provide options for potential assessment and project planning tools that can be used to guide this evaluative phase. CAFRU will summarize the findings from the assessment phase for use in the following action and sustainability planning phase.CAFRU will continue monthly in-person CoP meetings where facilitated discussions will identify activities to support ongoing implementation and sustainability planning, identify common components that apply to all members of the community, and identify if there are unique concerns and interests within the CoP participants. CAFRU will offer individualized consultation to CoP participants if unique concerns and interests arise during the action and sustainability planning process. CAFRU will support the local community to develop action and sustainability plans to guide continued trauma-informed awareness building, increased connections among community providers, and development of organizational and community tools for sustained implementation. During the final month of the project CAFRU will facilitate a community-wide celebration and sharing of lessons learned with CoP participants and members of the Colville Reservation community.CAFRU will develop and implement a virtual training module that will be offered as a durable onboarding tool for new WSU Extension volunteers, faculty, and staff. The training will cover concepts and principles of trauma-sensitive practices and trauma responsive-strategies, including specific elements related to opioid use, cultural adaptions, and rural communities, in line with recommendations from CROP+TR. The module will be grounded in trauma-informed principles of safety, choice, collaboration, trustworthiness, and empowerment. The module will be delivered in a 60-90-minute virtual pre-recorded session publicized to existing and new Extension faculty, staff, and volunteers. The module will be recorded and archived online for greater access and in compliance with accessibility guidelines. By crafting reliable, accessible resources defined by local problems and contexts, we can establish a base common literacy for addressing trauma's impacts within our communities. The module will be housed on the CAFRU website and made publicly available.The advisory committee, the Extension Volunteer Engagement Team, will ensure that the perspectives of WSU Extension volunteer participants are included in the development and implementation of the onboarding module as it relates to their respective program. The advisory committee will be able to provide feedback regarding the content, rural and cultural adaptations of the content, and advice on dissemination of the onboarding training. Recommendations will be addressed in the minutes and action on the recommendations will be reported in subsequent meetings until such time as the advisory committee approves the onboarding module. The advisory board will convene quarterly virtually.In addition to the onboarding module outlined in Objective 2.a, CAFRU will offer virtual technical assistance and consultation support to staff and volunteers in rural Extension counties. Targeted marketing and communication materials will be developed to notify participants of this option and these targeted opportunities will occur in quarterly sessions, beginning in Year 2, to apply and integrate knowledge gained from the onboarding training into sustained practice. Technical assistance and consultation will be tailored to the Extension setting to integrate trauma-informed principles into Extension outreach, programs, and partnerships. The targeted technical assistance and consultation will provide a space for discussion aligned with specific community and programmatic needs and goals and involve activities provided to participants interested in integrating trauma-informed principles and strategies into their program. Through this approach training content will remain relevant, as there is reason to re-visit practices within the shared conversation; content will be amplified, ultimately pushing local conversations forward; and locally-based conversations around mental/physical health, harnessed over existing Extension networks, will be created. Utilizing virtual training and engagement platforms will ensure more equitable access to content and resources for staff and volunteers across rural WA. Additionally, this approach develops a trauma-informed workforce of WSU Extension personnel who can serve as a community resource.The CoP engagement phase will include the voice and perspective of community-based participants who will help define questions to ask and methods of data collection and use for later phases of the project. The process of engagement with and participation in the CoP will be documented with attention to strengths, challenges, resources, and necessary components for the implementation and sustainability planning phases. Accomplishments will be documented through the process of assessing community strengths and needs and the specification of project action plans. The evaluation phase will also be summarized to inform Objective 1.c. The phase of CoP sustainability planning (Objective 1.c) will be assessed through structured focus group and/or key informant interviews, in accordance with input from and the preference of CoP participants.The virtual onboarding module will use a retrospective baseline survey to evaluate overall level of participation, knowledge gained, and use of SAMHSA's five key trauma-informed principlesin organizational structures and practice. A retrospective baseline survey will be administered to technical assistance and consultation participants to evaluate scope, reach, and impact of community application and dissemination of SAMHSA's five key trauma-informed principles within their respective community. All surveys will be administered online and changes in intention and behavior assessed using SPSS. Each of the objectives will be further assessed through invited structured key-informant interviews with WSU's statewide volunteer coordinator, advisory committee members, and other leadership within WSU Extension who implement the training protocols. Lessons learned from the interviews will be used to inform the training development process and implementation supports needed.

Progress 09/01/23 to 08/31/24

Outputs
Target Audience: Members of the Colville Confederated Tribe x?stwilx Community of Practice The project has used a Community of Practice model to engage and coordinate with Colville Confederated Tribe (CCT) members whose work directly reaches youth throughout their reservation and surrounding region. 35 Community of Practice participants represent 11 youth-serving community-based organizations. Those eleven organizational contributors are: CCT Boys and Girls Clubs CCT Youth Development CCT Behavioral Health CCT Head Start Colville Reservation WSU Extension 4-H Native Connections Suicide Prevention Nespelem School Okanogan Community Action Coalition Paschal Sherman Indian School SHARP Kids Program, Lake Roosevelt School Young Warriors Society Community of Practice participants receive monthly educational emails, project updates, and engagement requests. Some of those emails have been forwarded to others across CCT departments with general awareness in the CCT community larger than the 36 recipients of the regular communication materials. 30 total x?stwilx CoP participants actively contributed during six meetings that occurred during the reporting period (September 2023 through August 2024). WSU Extension staff and volunteers Trauma-Informed onboarding training for Extension volunteers: Seven WSU Extension staff and volunteers were recruited and participated in the advisory committee in PY02. Seven volunteers piloted at least one of the two trainings that were developed. Qualitative feedback received from two participants: "I felt that the [advisory group] was a great sounding board and that the feedback was taken seriously" "I wish we were at publication status! Thank you for being so great to work with. You are real humans, experts, and very emotionally savvy people!"? Changes/Problems: Objective 1.a: Throughout PY02, CAFRU staff and McLean continued to revisit the engagement strategies as CoP attendance numbers remained on the lower side of what had been initially hoped for. The CCT reservation is a large geographic region which made it more difficult for some participants to leave their organization and drive a few hours to attend. With low in-person attendance, it was decided to pivot to virtual only meetings beginning in January 2024. Using zoom to conduct meeting helped increase attendance and. Further, the increase in attendance was sustained even after the winter weather warmed and meetings continued to be conducted over Zoom. Objective 1.b: During PY02, a major shift to the focus of the CoP was solely on relationship building. The building of trust and relationships between CCT members and an outside organization, such as CAFRU, continues to be a learning experience and conversation. This continues to enable a structure for the direction of ongoing participation and the project's direction. One challenge was that as new CoP members came into the group they would need to be updated and oriented to the progress of the group. However, the project team did not go back to complete Trees of Life with each new CoP member. As a result, the project Tree of Life does not fully represent all the newest CoP participants. Also, related to the project Tree of Life, a synthesis of all individual Trees of Life was compiled onto one large format poster which has been laminated and is now hanging in McLean's office. The CoP is now challenged with deciding how to showcase the project Tree of Life in the community and ensure it is broad enough so that any audience can understand and relate with the visual representation of the community. Objective 1.c: When starting this grant, the project team knew that traditional evaluation measures (like surveys or systematic program observations) would not be successful and, as a result, the team was challenged to use creative and approachable ways to learn from not only CoP participants but members of the larger community. The Tree of Life process ensured the voices and perspectives of individual CoP participants were included in the process. And the Ribbon Tree activity has been a strengths-based approach to engage in conversations with youth and families in the community. Because the project is heavily reliant on trust and positive relationships, another challenge has been how to objectively measure sustainability. Without such a formal sustainability measure, our rough metric has been the fact that the project team continues to be invited back for discussions with McLean and the full CoP. Objective 2.a: CAFRU staff are currently awaiting approval by University channels to be uploaded to WSU's training platform and made available to volunteers. This has put a pause in the promotion of the trainings for volunteer use. Once uploaded and available on the respective platform, CAFRU staff will coordinate with various University program listservs to promote the trainings for volunteers. Objective 2.b: None. Objective 2.c: None.? What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Objective 1.a: Engaging the x?stwilx CoP as a group has helped foster a shared value and professional commitment among participants who all work toward the success of youth in the community. The CoP has provided a forum for these professionals to develop and articulate their shared concerns, and to stay professional networked across the geographically dispersed landscape. Objective 1.b and 1.c: The CoP has been convening regularly since March 2023 and in doing so has established a shared commitment to ensuring tribal youth have healthy relationships and activities to choose from in their local communities. During regular CoP meetings, CCT members engaged in facilitated discussions that included trauma-informed principles and how they can be applied in their programs and community environments. Objective 2.a, 2.b, 2.c: The advisory committee meetings began in PY02. During these monthly one-hour meetings, the advisory committee across Washington state engaged in facilitated discussions were provided education around trauma-informed principles and strategies which included the study of existing literature. A few of the committee members participated in a previous NIFA project of a trauma-informed learning community that CAFRU led so a lot of this information and knowledge was a great refresher for them. Participants brainstormed how trauma-informed principles are applicable to Extension programmatic workloads and by developing such trainings, volunteers would serve as a knowledgeable resource to their respective community. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Objective 1.a: The x?stwilx CoP consists of individuals members from eleven tribal (or tribally affiliated) organizations. Each individual member has participated by sharing about their department, programs, and scale of reach but also each member has taken information from the x?stwilx CoP discussions back to their respective organizations. Project staff have encouraged CoP members to share the trauma-informed principles and training materials with their colleagues. The x?stwilx CoP Tree of Life has been permanently laminated for ease of display in McLean's office as well as during community events. The project Tree of Life was prominently displayed and an active part of conversations with members of the public during the Sunflower Festival (see Appendix B for photos of the event). Ideas shared during the Ribbon Tree activity are being reviewed and refined by the CoP for prioritization, decision making, and action planning in coordination with relevant tribal programs. Objective 1.b: WSU's College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resources Sciences (CAHNRS) wrote a lead story feature on the x?stwilx CoP for their alumni magazine, Confluence. The magazine was disseminated University wide as well as to all alumni and prospective funders in September 2023: https://news.cahnrs.wsu.edu/newsletters/confluence/extension-collaboration-aims-to-help-youth-develop-healthy-responses-to-trauma-stress/ Participants of the CoP are informed of the monthly meetings through email. Those who have not yet attended and are still on the listserv for the CoP are also invited and informed of the meetings through email. CAFRU staff continue to implement outreach and engagement activities through email distribution to continue to gain interest and attendance numbers. Objective 1.c: In PY02, communications continued via monthly emails and regular CoP meetings. Trauma-informed knowledge continued as a regular agenda item during every CoP meeting and intertwined into the community activities the CoP has decided to move forward with. The CoP will continue to listen for opportunities to attend community events and integrate with existing efforts. In particular, the CoP will replicate the Ribbon Tree activity in a third location on the reservation to ensure those communities are also represented in the Ribbon Tree idea generation. Objective 2.a: Seven Extension staff and volunteers were notified by email of the opportunity to participate in the building of the volunteer training module and were provided more information on why trauma-informed practices in a volunteer programmatic setting is essential. The opportunity to participate was also promoted by Feris during a June 2023 meeting with Extension volunteer coordinators. WSU's College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resources Sciences (CAHNRS) wrote a lead story that includes mentions of the Extension of the volunteer onboarding training. The magazine, Confluence, was disseminated University wide as well as to all alumni and prospective funders in September 2023. Objective 2.b: Scheduling and maintenance of meetings began in PY02 through email communications and virtual meetings conducted by CAFRU staff Kelly and Terrell. Updated drafts of the two trauma-informed trainings were emailed out for committee feedback prior to virtual meetings so CAFRU staff were able to edit the drafts efficiently. The most up to date drafts were presented at the scheduled virtual meetings for real time brainstorming and feedback. Objective 2.c: As the training modules are uploaded onto the volunteer training platform, the advisory committee members and Feris will utilize various WSU listservs to disseminate promotional materials for the training modules as well as opportunities for further consultation on trauma-informed applications. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Objective 1.a: In the next reporting period, CAFRU and McLean will continue to collaborate on outreach activities to continue to share the priorities of the CoP and lessons learned from the community. They will continue to utilize community-based participatory approaches to understand community strengths and needs. Goals during this No Cost Extension period include hearing ideas from youth and families in communities that have been underrepresented in discussions and project activities so far. The project team will engage with other professional networks working on behalf of tribal youth, watching for opportunities to collaborate and build cohesion around shared efforts to support tribal health and wellbeing. Objective 1.b: In the next reporting period, the CoP will continue to meet monthly and utilize the Tree of Life project as well as the Ribbon Tree results to understand community strengths, challenges, and resources, and as guides to point forward to opportunities and areas of momentum where individual commitment, organizational commitment, and community intersect. Speak to NCE goals Objective 1.c: The project team has used community-based participatory approaches to create evaluation measures. The Tree of Life activity was first used with individual CoP participants, and then synthesized into one Tree that represents the entire community. The process identified key areas of community strengths, skills, and capacities. Further, the Ribbon Tree activity was used at the Sunflower Festival and was a productive approach to hearing strengths-based feedback from over 160 children and adults. Detailed ideas shared during the Ribbon Tree activity at the Sunflower Festival are provided in Appendix F. In the next reporting period, the CoP will continue to meet bimonthly. The Ribbon Tree activity will be replicated in at least one community and combined results will be used to evaluate overall community interests, potential strategies, and sustainability factors.??? In the next reporting period, the project team is also planning to offer the CoP an opportunity to have an end-of-grant event that will emphasis health and wellbeing for tribal youth, review trauma-informed principles and lessons learned during the grant, and celebrate the community's strength, vision, and support for healthy youth and families. Objective 2.a: This objective was completed in PY02. Objective 2.b: This objective was completed in PY02. Objective 2.c: This objective was completed in PY02. ?

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Following from successful engagement and recruitment of a group of professionals who serve youth of the Colville Confederated Tribe (CCT) during PY01, project staff continued to prioritize x?stwilx CoP member engagement and involvement in design decisions and action steps. In project year two (PY02), staff from the Washington State University Child and Family Research Unit (CAFRU) in partnership with Linda McLean, director of the Colville Reservation WSU Extension office, continued outreach and engagement activities to sustain and grow the x?stwilx Trauma-Informed Community of Practice (CoP). Ongoing staffing demands and changes at participating tribal organizations meant that staff representation in the CoP shifted some over the course of the year. The project team continued to use communication materials developed at the beginning of the grant (see the Grant Informational Sheet and short Getting to Know You Questionnaire in Appendix D). Despite some ongoing change in individual group members, the group as a whole grew by two members over the course of the year. In PY02, CAFRU project staff continued to develop and process regular meetings with the CoP. Meetings were facilitated by Houghten and McLean. These meetings focused on utilizing identified skills and strengths from the Tree of Life activity that was conducted during PY01. Initial ideas generated during the Tree of Life activity were organized and thematically grouped by staff in McLean's office. This thematic organization of individual Trees of Lives provided a process for staff conversation about the ideas and developing consensus on how to organize the themes. These summary categories were first shared back with the CoP for conversation, feedback, and refinement in early PY02. Further, during the Sunflower Festival in May 2024 the x?stwilx CoP included a "Ribbon Tree" at the WSU Extension table. Ribbons hung from branches of a constructed tree and when people came to visit the table project staff asked them to write their ideas on a sticky note to the question "What healthy activities do you want to see offered in your community?". Participants also noted their community and stapled their sticky notes to a ribbon hanging from the Ribbon Tree. By the end of the event the Ribbon Tree held 164 individual sticky notes from 164 individuals noting 167 ideas. After reviewing them and removing five that were illegible or nondescript we had 162 unique ideas. The ideas shared were thematically organized and ideas related to sports and horse-related activities were removed because of the CoP's priority to ensure that the community continues to engage and serve youth who are not already engaged in sports and horse-related activities. The remaining 134 unique ideas were ranked in order of the most frequently mentioned and visually represented with a bar chart. Infrastructure-related ideas were the most frequently shared ideas. Combining infrastructure ideas with community service ideas, outdoor activity ideas, and exercise or dance ideas consisted of nearly 65% of all ideas shared. Project staff consistently integrated trauma-informed principles into regular meetings with CoP members as well as project planning discussions. Each of the six CoP meetings consisted of dedicated time to present and discuss at least one trauma-informed principle. The trauma-informed principles highlighted during PY02 were: Consistency, Predictability, and Safety The 4 Rs of Trauma Informed Care Trauma-Informed Systems of Meaning Secondary Trauma Positive Childhood Experiences and associated Protective Factors Self-identify and Development Wellness Resilience Sustainability was a focus for PY02. CAFRU staff and McLean continued to meet monthly to brainstorm communication strategies, review draft materials, and incorporate x?stwilx participant feedback so to ensure that the project goals were informed and developed by the CoP. Throughout PY02, x?stwilx CoP participants continued to receive communication and invitations to participate, and the project team routinely inquired about participant interests and to confirm the project's relevance. In early 2024, during the coldest winter season, the CoP decided to use virtual meetings to increase participation as well as prevent unsafe travel conditions. Pivoting to conducting meetings through Zoom helped increase overall participation but also, importantly, the change helped increase representation from areas on the reservation that hadn't participated during in-person meetings because of long travel distances and costs.? In PY02, the advisory committee began meeting monthly in September 2023. Initially, CAFRU leads wanted to understand the level of trauma-informed knowledge the committee had. During the first meeting a series of 'level of knowledge' questions were brainstormed on the Zoom whiteboard. From the responses, CAFRU leads were able to determine that two training courses were going to need to be created to meet the needs of the volunteer audience. The committee landed on the topics of Trauma and ACEs 101 and Building Resiliency. Committee members shared the rough final draft of the ACEs and Trauma training with select volunteers and program staff. We reconvened and discussed whether the content was useful, easy to understand and applicable to their role. The feedback was positive, and their volunteers appreciated the content and found it useful. They are looking forward to sharing this training with all the volunteers. The Building Resiliency training was developed and shared with the committee members towards the end of PY02. Their initial feedback was positive, and the committee members discussed at length how to get these two courses recorded and available on the volunteer training platform.? Seven Extension personnel were recruited and participated in the trauma-informed advisory committee from September 2023 to September 2024. Participants represented various Extension programs and geographic regions. Committee members reviewed drafts of the training content and provided ideas and context to who their volunteers are and how they would most likely engage with this training. Throughout the monthly meetings committee members shared program scenarios where they wanted content from the training courses to assist their volunteers. Topics such as how to engage a disengaged child, how to address behavior outbursts and ways to connect with parents. These discussions allowed the committee members to share best practices across several programs that built upon each other and enriched the training courses. From those suggestions, the training courses developed into a final state that was developed by the committee members and relevant to their programs collectively. In addition to content development, they also discussed the other mandatory training courses all volunteers are required to take, and they had specific ideas about the length and appearance of these two training courses. Each course needed to be no longer than 10 minutes and all content should be clearly visible on the slides and audio should match the content. These guidelines helped structure the training courses and kept everyone focused on the purpose. Due to these parameters, the training courses remain broad enough for a variety of programs to use and specific enough for programs to facilitate their own follow-up training based on their specific needs. The two training courses were shared digitally so that ongoing assistance can be provided when needed. Two committee members elected themselves to take charge of how to get the training courses ready to be recorded and uploaded to the volunteer training platform. Specific digital materials were shared for further modifications and all members know they can reach out to get any help they need. A follow-up email was sent to address any needs that have come up and to affirm our commitment to provide assistance.

Publications


    Progress 09/01/22 to 08/31/23

    Outputs
    Target Audience:Members of the Colville Confederated Tribe x?stwilx Community of Practice Promoted directly to Colville Confederated Tribe (CCT) members who serve youth throughout their region. 36 recipients receive the monthly CoP educational and scheduling emails. Some of those recipients have forwarded those communications to others in their department so general awareness is larger than the 36 recipients of the regular communication materials. 14 total CCT members participated in 3 CoP meetings that occurred prior to end of June 2023 WSU Extension staff and volunteers Trauma-Informed onboarding training for Extension volunteers: Promoted directly to WSU Extension staff and volunteers via WSU Extension volunteer specialist and WSU Extension virtual meetings. Seven total WSU Extension staff and volunteers were recruited for the advisory committee in PY01. Changes/Problems:Objective 1.a: None. Objective 1.b: CAFRU staff and McLean continue to revisit the engagement strategies as CoP attendance numbers have been on the lower side of initial hopes. The CCT reservation is a large geographic region which has made it more difficult for some participants to leave their organization and drive a few hours to attend. Virtual attendance via Zoom is offered at every meeting, but those who do participate via Zoom have voiced that they have a harder time engaging in the conversation although Zoom is monitored closely by CAFRU staff. The building of trust between CCT members and an outside organization, such as CAFRU, continues to be a valuable learning experience and conversation. Conversations have recognized that past groups don't stick around once a program is finished or funding goes away, decreasing trustwithin the community. CAFRU project staff meet regularly with McLean to plan for the monthly CoP meetings and share ideas. For example, McLean shared with CAFRU staff a PowerPoint presentation she developed about "Collaborating with Native American Communities" which emphasizes aspects of respect, trust, and building collaborations around Native interests and governance structures. These regular meetings and guidance materials help to establish an authentic working relationship and enables a structure for McLean to relay important cultural values (e.g., respect, governance) that the project can use to build trust and direction for ongoing involvement. Objective 1.c: None. Objective 2.a: None. Objective 2.b: The first initial advisory committee was originally scheduled for Spring 2023. However, this was delayed to PY02 because of scheduling conflicts as well as personal absences from a key liaison to the potential advisory committee members. We initially planned to begin advisory meetings in PY01 but were unable to due to limitations on communications from a key stakeholder in the building of the committee. Therefore, we will begin meeting monthly with the committee members in PY02. CAFRU staff Glen has since parted ways with WSU. The responsibilities outlined in the initial proposal related to the advisory committee and volunteer training module development will be instead co-chaired by CAFRU staff Kelly and Terrell in PY02. Objective 2.c: None. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Objective 1.a: CAFRU staff Houghten and Glen coordinated with the Tree of Life creators to gather information about their tool used for narrative therapy with vulnerable individuals and to explore how the tool could be translated to a group in a community-based setting. Houghten and Glen completed a multi-module online training which has been used with children, adolescents, and adults around the world. The training equipped the team to bring the tool to the CoP for use and reflection in ongoing project planning and decision making. Objective 1.b and 1.c: The CoP meetings began in March 2023. During these monthly meetings, CCT members engaged in facilitated discussions that included trauma-informed principles and how they can be applicable to their community environments, daily work and family life, and their respective cultural traditions. Objective 2.a: The Extension volunteer training module will be developed and implemented in PY02 of this grant. Objective 2.b: The advisory committee meetings will begin in PY02. During these meetings, participants will be provided information and education through facilitated discussions that include trauma-informed principles and how they can be applicable to Extension programmatic workloads and events. Objective 2.c: The opportunities for utilizing technical assistance and consultations for further trauma-informed practice support will be provided and implemented in PY02 of this grant. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Objective 1.a: Youth serving CCT members were identified and emailed through McLean's listserv about participating in the CoP opportunity. Using emails collected from interested parties, CAFRU staff promoted the first CoP meeting through email distribution as well as on the ground conversations from McLean and her office staff. 13 members from various organizations (Tribal Head Start, Behavioral Health, Boys & Girls Club, Positive Youth Development, etc.) attended the first CoP meeting. Objective 1.b: Participants of the CoP are informed of the monthly meetings through email. Those who have not yet attended and are still on the listserv for the CoP are also invited and informed of the meetings through email. CAFRU staff continue to implement outreach and engagement activities through email distribution to continue to gain interest and attendance numbers. WSU's College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resources Sciences (CAHNRS) is writing a lead story feature on the x?stwilx CoP for their alumni magazine, Confluence. The magazine is set to be disseminated University wide as well as to all alumni and prospective funders in September 2023. Objective 1.c: In PY02, communications will continue via monthly emails. Trauma-informed knowledge will continue being an agenda item in every CoP meeting and intertwined into the community activities the CoP decides to move forward with. Objective 2.a: Seven Extension staff and volunteers were notified by email of the opportunity to participate in the building of the volunteer training module and were provided more information on why trauma-informed practices in a volunteer programmatic setting is essential. The opportunity to participate was also promoted by Feris during a June 2023 meeting with Extension volunteer coordinators. WSU's College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resources Sciences (CAHNRS) is writing a lead story that includes mentions of the Extension of the volunteer onboarding training. The magazine, Confluence, is set to be disseminated University wide as well as to all alumni and prospective funders in September 2023. Objective 2.b: Volunteer specialist Feris identified Extension volunteer coordinators and volunteers that would be eager to sit on the advisory committee. Recruitment of advisory committee participants began in PY01 through email distribution and virtual discussions conducted by Feris with follow-up introductions by Glen. Seven Extension staff and volunteers who represent various Extension programs and geographic regions (4-H, Community and Economic Development) agreed to sit on the committee. Objective 2.c: As the training module becomes more developed, in PY02 the advisory committee, Feris, CAFRU staff, and various WSU listservs will be utilized to disseminate promotional materials for the training module as well as opportunities for further consultation on trauma-informed applications. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Objective 1.a: In the next reporting period, CAFRU and McLean will continue to collaborate on any existing engagement activities to continue to build the CoP. They will continue to assess and refine the approach to the strengths and needs assessment phase. Objective 1.b: In the next reporting period, the CoP will continue to meet monthly and utilize the Tree of Life project as a guide to build consensus around the categories and to identify which categories to carry forward into one shared x?stwilx project tree. CoP members will continue to lead the discussion and decisions in the development and implementation of action and sustainability plans. Objective 1.c: In the next reporting period, the CoP will continue to meet monthly. Evaluation measures will be developed and administered to these participants and their respective programs to assess application of trauma-informed principles, implementation strategies in practice, and sustainability factors. Objective 2.a: In the next reporting period, the trauma-informed volunteer training module will begin being developed by experts from CAFRU in collaboration with the volunteer experience from the advisory committee. Members will have the opportunity to provide feedback and make decisions as well as learn more about trauma-informed principles and how they are applicable to an Extension volunteer program environment. In PY02, a pilot testing group of volunteers will review a final draft of the module to provide feedback and user friendliness. Once this draft is finalized, CAFRU staff and Feris will move forward with gaining University approval to upload the training to the volunteer training platform. Objective 2.b: In PY02, the advisory committee meetings will begin to meet monthly. The collaboration and insight from the members will be used to develop the direction of the content for the training module. We will continue utilizing this process to make necessary revisions to the module. Objective 2.c: Evaluation measures will be developed and administered to these participants to assess the application of trauma-informed principles, implementation strategies in practice, and sustainability factors.

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? Objective 1.a: Conduct outreach and engagement activities to identify and build a group of participants who will lead and inform the community of practice (CoP) priority activities. In project year one (PY01), staff from the Washington State University Child and Family Research Unit (CAFRU) in partnership with Linda McLean, director of the Washington State University's Colville Reservation Extension office, began recruitment and engagement activities to initiate the gathering of a x?stwilx Trauma-Informed Community of Practice (CoP) with youth-serving professionals of the Colville Confederated Tribe (CCT). Beginning in September 2023, CAFRU staff and McLean met monthly to develop a suggested list of attendees, communication drafts, and x?stwilx recruitment materials. During the summer of 2023 direct contact was made to participants who had not attended a prior CoP meeting. Those contacts helped to understand priority issues for those CoP members and confirm their interest in the project. Objective 1.b: Evaluate community concerns, challenges, strengths, and resources. CAFRU will adapt Breakthrough Learning Collaborative practices with a voluntary cross-section of service providers within the CCT to evaluate community concerns, challenges, strengths, and resources. In PY01, staff from CAFRU assembled the CoP with stakeholders of the CCT monthly starting in March 2023; facilitated by CAFRU staff Houghten and McLean. These gathering opportunities focused on community conversations and reflections including specific elements related to substance use and rural communities, introductions to trauma-sensitive practices and concepts, and utilized the Tree of Life activity, adapted from the Dulwich Center in Adelaide, Australia. The Tree of Life activity has helped identify the communities' skills and strengths, and opportunities to create positive experiences for youth in the community. These gatherings were delivered in-person as well as a Zoom videoconferencing option. In PY01, the CoP meetings reached a total of 21 attendees from the CCT. To continue engagement activities simultaneously, project staff have initiated multiple emails and phone calls to potential attendees identified by existing CoP members. This outreach effort has identified an additional 11 professionals who serve youth in the community and who may join the CoP on an ongoing basis. Objective 1.c: Support sustained integration of trauma-informed principles among community of practice participants from local health, human, and education systems. As the CoP is ongoing into project year two (PY02), the x?stwilx trauma-informed goals, sustainability efforts, and evaluation measures will continue to be developed in partnership with the CoP members, with a plan to do final information gathering in July/August 2024. Objective 2.a: To develop and implement an onboarding training on trauma-informed principles and strategies for all new and existing Extension faculty, staff, and volunteers. As the guidance from the advisory committee will begin in PY02, the meetings will be held in tandem with the development of the trauma-informed module. In PY02, a pilot sting group of volunteers will review the final draft of the module to provide feedback and user friendliness. Objective 2.b: To engage a multidisciplinary advisory committee with Extension personnel for regular guidance on the development of the onboarding training on trauma-informed principles and strategies. In PY01, CAFRU staff Glen coordinated with Jana Feris, WSU Extension volunteer development specialist to begin recruitment and engagement efforts for an advisory committee for the Extension volunteer trauma-informed training module. Beginning in October 2023, Glen and Feris met monthly to develop a suggested list of committee members to invite, communication drafts, and recruitment flyers which were all distributed in April through June 2023. Seven Extension personnel were identified and invited to join the advisory committee; they are comprised of WSU Extension volunteer coordinators and Extension volunteers located in various geographic regions of Washington state. The first advisory meeting is scheduled for the beginning of PY02. Objective 2.c: To provide quarterly targeted technical assistance and consultation opportunities for Extension faculty, staff, and volunteers to utilize as a resource in rural communities to support application of trauma-informed principles and strategies. As the development of the volunteer training module is ongoing into PY02, the technical assistance and consultation opportunities will be made available alongside the training module once it is approved by University channels and uploaded to the WSU volunteer training platform.

    Publications