Source: HUERTO RICO LLC submitted to
DEVELOPING CULTIVATION METHODS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SUPERIOR BIOLOGICAL COMPOUNDS FOR NEOTROPICAL GANODERMA SPECIES
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
ACTIVE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1028468
Grant No.
2022-33530-37064
Cumulative Award Amt.
$175,000.00
Proposal No.
2022-01188
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
May 15, 2022
Project End Date
Feb 14, 2026
Grant Year
2022
Program Code
[8.2]- Plant Production and Protection-Biology
Recipient Organization
HUERTO RICO LLC
4M2 CALLE ZINIA URB. LOMAS VERDES
BAYAMON,PR 009562912
Performing Department
(N/A)
Non Technical Summary
Huerto Rico, LLC is an agricultural startup located in Puerto Rico that specializes in the production of gourmet mushrooms for the local restaurant market with a special emphasis on research and development of new strains based on understudied, tropical mushroom species. The team has identified six native species of Ganoderma spp.; one of which species has never been described in literature before. Reishi is the common name for mushrooms of the genus Ganoderma, and is known as the 'mushroom of immortality' in Asia, where it is documented to have been consumed for millennia (Hapuarachchi et al 2018, Azizi et al 2012). Although Ganoderma-based products are widely used worldwide, natural supplements are a poorly regulated industry, and several species are sold under the name "Reishi" (Zhou et al. 2011, Hobbs 2017, Hapuarachchi et al 2018, Wu et al. 2017). The team's preliminary results show that not all Reishi are created equal and that knowing which species are being grown and their chemical profile is important when making claims about the commercial and biological benefits of these products.The goals for this Phase I project are to: 1) develop improved cultivation methods by assessing suitable substrates to enhance protein and secondary metabolite production for Ganoderma tuberculosum Murrill, Ganoderma aff. multipileum Ding Hou, Ganoderma multiplicatum (Mont.) Pat., Ganoderma martinicense Welti & Courtec., Ganoderma subamboinense Henn., and the newly discovered endemic subgenus of Ganoderma puertorricencis. 2) Evaluate the biochemical profile and phytochemical content of each species and compare them to that of Ganoderma lucidum to assess their biological activity (e.g., antioxidant levels, anticancer properties) and identify novel chemical structures that may increase the effectiveness and overall quality of Ganoderma natural products.The long-term goal of this proposal is to create a new agricultural product with improved biological properties based on neotropical Ganoderma subspecies, which will help improve the overall quality of Ganoderma-based products grown and manufactured in the United States.
Animal Health Component
40%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
40%
Applied
40%
Developmental
20%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
51114701102100%
Goals / Objectives
The long-term goal of this proposal is to create a new agricultural mushroom crop with improved bioactive properties based on neotropical Ganoderma subspecies, which will help improve the overall quality of Ganoderma-based products grown and manufactured in the United States.Evaluate suitable cultivation substrates for six native neotropical Ganoderma subspecies.Compare biochemical profile and phytochemical content of native species to Ganoderma lucidum to assess their biological activity (e.g., antioxidant levels, anticancer properties) and identify novel chemical structures that may increase the effectiveness and overall quality of Ganoderma natural products.
Project Methods
These studies will test suitable cultivation substrates for six 'Reishi' sensu lato (tropical taxa with lactate pilei) that are distinct from, but allied with, Ganoderma lucidum - G. tuberculosum Murrill, G. aff. multipileum Ding Hou, G. multiplicatum (Mont.) Pat., G. martinicense Welti & Courtec., G. subamboinense Henn., and an endemic species of subgenus Ganoderma sp for which we have suggested the name G. puertorricencis. The team will assess commercial viability by comparing native G. spp.'s achieved biological efficiency to G. lucidum's industry average.The team will also conduct standard extraction protocols using ethanol and chloroform. Then, a simple silica gel column chromatography is conducted to fractionate the crude into 10-14 fractions, and thin layer chromatography (TLC) plate analysis using various TLC developing stains provides guidance for compound enrichment and for further purification by HPLC. Proton and carbon analysis in combination with MS/MS to validate the structure of the compounds. This workflow will enable us to determine exact chemical composition and potentially identify new chemical entities. Next, the extract will be evaluated for antioxidant power (ferric assay), and cytotoxicity (CTG assay) against MCF10A, HMEC, BJ and THLE-2 normal cells using various concentrations (0 - 150 μg/mL) at 24-, 48-, and 72-hour time points. Bio-guided fractionation will be conducted for each strain and characterized by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Then the team will conduct a series of in vitro assays to evaluate their therapeutic potential, assess toxicity and antioxidant potential of the extracts. Various cell models will be used including cancer and non-cancerous cells. Results will be compared to extractions made from G. lucidum.

Progress 07/01/24 to 02/14/25

Outputs
Target Audience: Nothing Reported Changes/Problems:When we submitted our application in October 2021, our anticipated timeline projected the construction of our new facilities to be operational by May 2022. However, a series of unforeseen challenges - including hurricanes Fiona (2022) and Ernesto (2024), global supply chain disruptions, and prolonged local government permitting processes - have delayed construction by over two years. Specifically, delays were caused by coordination with agencies such as the Carolina Municipal Permits Office, the Puerto Rico Department of Agriculture, the Puerto Rico State Department, the Puerto Rico Land Authority, the Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewers Authority, and LUMA Energy (the local electric company). Despite these obstacles, we remain committed to fulfilling the project's objectives. To mitigate delays, we initiated the project on October 4, 2024, using a makeshift home-laboratory setup in Principal Investigator Sebastián Sagardía's apartment kitchen. While this setup is far from ideal and presents challenges - such as maintaining sterile conditions for laboratory work and stable temperatures for incubation - it demonstrates our dedication to advancing the project under challenging circumstances. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?During the next reporting period we will begin the substrate trial for the two species that we successfully expanded in steps one and two which started in October 2024. We will also do asecond round of mycelial expansion with a new set of petri dishes provided by Dr. Blanchette, who will mail us new, fully colonized petri dishesto minimize the posibility of contamination during transit. After successfully expandingmycelium for every species, we will complete the substrate trails. After the substrate trials, samples from each species will be sent to Dr. Rivas at LSU for chemical extraction, then extracts will be sent to Dr. Martinez-Montemayor for the in vitro tests against breast cancer.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Due to several setbacks outside our control, we have yet to be operating from the new laboratory, but decided to begin working on the proyect in October 4th 2024. In order to be proactive in fulfilling the project's objectives, we began the project using a makeshift home-laboratory setup in Sebastian Sagardia's apartment kitchen. While this setup is far from ideal a and presents challenges - such as maintaining sterile conditions for laboratory work and stable temperatures for incubation - it demonstrates our dedication to advancing the project under callenging circusmtances. During this time we expanded mycelium of all Ganoderma spp. (G. multiplicatum, G. subamboinense, G. martinicense, G. mexicanum, G. tuberculosum, G. amazonese, and the new undescribed species G. puertorricensis)from agar plates to first generation grain spawn (also called mother cultures). This is an important first step because since we are working with species that have not been commercially cultivated before, the cultures available are exclusively available in agar plates which are not a medium that is prepared for large scale inoculation of commercial crops; therefore, expanding mycelium sufficiently to innoculate different growth mediums in the substrate test is an essential first step of our investigation. It is important to note that some of the agar plates looked damaged during stransit and whre not fully colonized when they arrived from Dr. Blanchtte's laboratory. After thefirst step, mycelium must befuther expanded into second generation grain spawn, which will be used to inoculate substrate tests. We began this second step on December 19th 2024;however, there was contamination of that second expansion, and although they are still incubating,itseems that only G. martinicense and G. tuberculosum will be ready to begin substrate trials in February.

Publications


    Progress 07/01/23 to 02/29/24

    Outputs
    Target Audience: Nothing Reported Changes/Problems: When we submitted our application in october 2021, our target date for the construction of our new facilities had us operating by May 2022. However, hurricane Fiona, supply chain disruption, and local government bureaucracy - specifically the Carolina Municipal Permits Office, Puerto Rico Dpt of Agriculture, PR Department of State, PR Departamento de Vivienda, FIDA in the PR Land Authority- have delayed the construction for more than a year. Due to these setbacks, we have yet to begin the project. Since we have not started the project, we have not used any funds. We have been in contact with our program lead to notify the situation and inform of major developments regarding the delay. As of today, construction of our farm is underway, and we estimate that we will be able to begin the project onMarch 2024. Wewill be requesting a No Cost Extension in January2024. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? We have not yet begun the project because the construction of our farm has been delayed due to extenuating circumstances ouside of our control.

    Publications


      Progress 07/01/22 to 06/30/23

      Outputs
      Target Audience: Nothing Reported Changes/Problems:When we submitted our application in october 2021, our target date for the construction of our new facilities had us operating by May 2022. However,hurricane Fiona, supply chain disruption, and local government regulations, have delayed the construction for more than a year. Due to these setbacks, we have yet to begin the project. Since we have not started the project, we have not used any funds. We have been in contact with our program lead to notify the situation and inform of major developments regarding thedelay. Currently, the projected start date is October 2023. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

      Impacts
      What was accomplished under these goals? When we submitted our application in october 2021, our target date for the construction of our new facilities had us operating by May 2022. However,hurricane Fiona, supply chain disruption, and local government regulations, have delayed the construction for more than a year. Due to these setbacks, we have yet to begin the project.

      Publications