Source: CENTER FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP, INCORPORATED submitted to
TRAINING THE FARM AND FOOD ENTREPRENEURS OF THE 21ST CENTURY: A JUNIOR COLLEGE PARTNERSHIP DESIGNED TO ENHANCE PROFITABILITY AND EMPLOYMENT IN CENTRAL NY
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1025590
Grant No.
2021-67037-34165
Cumulative Award Amt.
$500,000.00
Proposal No.
2020-10707
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Jan 1, 2021
Project End Date
Dec 31, 2025
Grant Year
2021
Program Code
[A7601]- Agricultural Workforce Training Grants
Project Director
Schreiner, P. K.
Recipient Organization
CENTER FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP, INCORPORATED
189 MAIN ST FL 5
ONEONTA,NY 138203510
Performing Department
(N/A)
Non Technical Summary
In collaboration with the State University of New York College of Agriculture and Technology at Cobleskill (SUNY Cobleskill), Farm Credit East, and with guidance from an Advisory Committee with expertise in emerging issues in farm and food entrepreneurship, the Center for Agricultural Development and Entrepreneurship (CADE) will develop and implement a forward-looking 21st century entrepreneurship training program to be delivered using digital, distance learning methods and delivery systems. The Program will build on CADE and SUNY Cobleskill's successful history of incubating entrepreneurs, and will extend and enhance CADE's ongoing advising and mentoring activities in support of an emerging workforce. The audience for the project are 2-year Associate Degree students, recent graduates, and other post-secondary aspiring entrepreneurs. The workforce need addressed by this project is for a cadre of entrepreneurs with skills specifically developed to respond to rapidly changing times. The project addresses the AFRI Farm Bill Priority area of focus on agriculture economics and rural communities.By the end of the 5 year grant period, we expect to: launch a new 21st century, market-responsive entrepreneurship curriculum and training program with academic credit equivalencies and certification; graduate more than 500 associate degree students and other participants from across Central NY with certificates recognized by Farm Credit East as "industry ready"; successfully support at least 60 certified participants who access grants and loans to build or expand profitable agribusinesses; and influence at least two lenders to adopt new lending approaches based on future business and market trends.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
(N/A)
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
60260993010100%
Keywords
Goals / Objectives
In collaboration with the State University of New York College of Agriculture and Technology at Cobleskill (SUNY Cobleskill), Farm Credit East, and with guidance from an Advisory Committee with expertise in emerging issues in farm and food entrepreneurship, the Center for Agricultural Development and Entrepreneurship (CADE) will develop and implement a forward-looking 21st century entrepreneurship training program to be delivered using digital, distance learning methods and delivery systems. The Program will build on CADE and SUNY Cobleskill's successful history of incubating entrepreneurs, and will extend and enhance CADE's ongoing advising and mentoring activities in support of an emerging workforce. The audience for the project are 2-year Associate Degree students, recent graduates, and other post-secondary aspiring entrepreneurs. The workforce need addressed by this project is for a cadre of entrepreneurs with skills specifically developed to respond to rapidly changing times. The project addresses the AFRI Farm Bill Priority area of focus on agriculture economics and rural communities.GOAL: todevelop and implement a forward-looking 21st century entrepreneurship training program for approximately 500 2-year Associate Degree community college students at SUNY Cobleskill in the Mohawk Valley of New York and other participants from across Central NY, supplementing their academic learning and providing "real world" entrepreneurship skills, support, and mentoring required to succeed as a farm or food business entrepreneur in rapidly changing times.By the end of participation in the project, 2-year students will receive a certificate that will recognize them as being "credit ready" among key lenders, including Farm Credit East, to advance their businesses goals.OBJECTIVES:By the end of the 5 year grant period, we expect to:launch a new 21st century, market-responsive entrepreneurship credentialed curriculum and training programwith academic credit equivalencies and certification*;graduate more than 500 associate degree students and other participants from across Central NY with certificates recognized by Farm Credit East as "industry ready";successfully support at least 60 certified participants who access grants and loans to build or expand profitable agribusinesses; andinfluence at least two lenders to adopt new lending approaches based on future business and market trends.*SUNY Cobleskill will offer Program certification ("badges") within curriculum offerings (different combinations of courses yield different credentials/badges), which can be "accredited" by SUNY Cobleskill. Under this Program, SUNY would translate completion of the 2020+ Farm and Food Entrepreneurship curriculum into 3 credits of technical or general electives. The program will include 10-15 classes with materials, resources, and experiential learning opportunities.
Project Methods
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT MECHANISMS:The success of this Program will depend on turning out participants - including two-year Associate Degree students and graduates of SUNY Cobleskill - who are recognized by lenders, alternative financers, grant funders, and the local and regional economic development community as uniquely well-prepared to launch and manage innovative new enterprises that respond to the new entrepreneurship landscape. To accomplish that goal, we propose to engage our staff, SUNY Cobleskill staff, and an influential Advisory Committee of industry experts to build on our traditional farm and food business incubation curriculum with components addressing the identified requirements for success in the 2020+ entrepreneurship landscape.CADE's Farm and Food Business Incubator program (FFBI) currently offers a certificate-bearing annual workshop series and year-round business advising and mentoring services to farm and food business entrepreneurs in collaboration with SUNY Cobleskill. This program is a New York State-certified business incubator, part of the NYSTAR program. New York State has designated 10 Innovation Hot Spots--one for each of New York's economic development regions--and 20 Certified Business Incubators, of which the Farm & Food Business Incubator is one. Through FFBI, CADE provides participants with access to services and resources through educational programming with local and national experts; access to customized support and mentoring; and for value-added producers, the ability to process without on-farm infrastructure. http://www.cadefarms.org/programs-ffbiRecognizing the need to reach entrepreneurs and aspiring entrepreneurs at the times, locations and in the formats that are practical for them, CADE applied for and received funding from the USDA's Rural Business Development Grant program to support the implementation of our core business planning curriculum in an online format for distance/asynchronous learning. The implementation of that initiative is well underway, utilizing the Moodle platform in collaboration with SUNY Cobleskill, and our online core curriculum will be available on our website in January 2021. The need for distance learning offerings to this audience has, of course, only become more apparent in the circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic. The following includes an overview of our existing curriculum:Core business planning curriculum componentsIntroduction to business planning Why a business plan Components of the plan Taking stock of your resources Intro to legal entities Funding - investments, loan, grantsThe Operational Plan Production Location Legal environment/risk management Inventory Suppliers Credit - A/R, A/P Management and organizationMarketing plan components Industry description Analysis of competition Barriers to entry Who is your customer? Market research Marketing strategyProduct, price, place, promotion Branding/unique selling proposition Marketing implementation planFinancials and seeking funding Balance sheet Income statement Cash flow projections Breakeven analysis Startup expenses The elevator pitch2020+ business planning curriculum componentsThe establishment of our distance learning platform in 2020 will allow us to quickly roll out new curriculum components that will prepare participants for the new and changing entrepreneurship landscape. If funded, this project will allow us to develop the curriculum outlined above to include innovative new content and curriculum assets, test and evaluate our new digital delivery methods, etc., based on new needs/realities that are emerging in the NY and national ecosystem. Among those innovative new curriculum components will be:The modern food consumer, their values, and other market trends--what's to comeNew business funding models/alternative financing/cooperative structures including structures tailored to traditionally disadvantaged groups)Global/political forces that will shape the food system (food sovereignty and food justice movements, climate change, carbon trading systems and farmer payments for ecosystem services, public health trends on reducing the use of antibiotics in livestock, etc.)E-commerce (website development; online commerce systems; social media marketing)Marketing health, environment and community benefitsLinking rural and urban marketsMarketing to institutional buyersProduct design--applied food scienceAgritourism management best practicesEntrepreneurship: From Business Planning to Business SustainabilityEco-conscious food productionThe Farm BillFood system regulationPLAN OF OPERATION AND METHODOLOGY:As the grantee, CADE will be responsible for all operations of the Program. CADE and SUNY Cobleskill will jointly recruit and convene an expert industry Advisory Committee for an intensive process of curriculum development and ongoing entrepreneur mentoring that will prepare Program participants for the new realities of 2020+ entrepreneurship. Based on this process, specific curriculum components will be developed collaboratively between CADE and SUNY Cobleskill, with some content developed directly by SUNY Cobleskill faculty and outside consultants/instructors hired for others. Course video content will be high-quality and well-produced, often featuring successful farm and food entrepreneurs from our region (interviews and site visits). As the primary grant applicant, CADE is ultimately responsible for ensuring course and program quality. Course design includes video, audio and written content; assignments/activities; live chat opportunities with instructor; coordinated site visits with area farm/food entrepreneurs. Courses will be available on a rolling basis (students can join and complete at any time) through SUNY Cobleskill's course delivery system--Moodle--or equivalent online platform, supplemented where practical with classroom, laboratory and field instruction. (Please see the Logic Model and Management Plan for more details.)Farm Credit East will advise its clients and prospective clients of the value of the program in increasing their readiness for loan and grant support. Other regional economic development partners and IDA's will also be encouraged, through their participation in the Advisory Committee, to steer potential loan or grant awardees to avail themselves of this valuable training Program.The current FFBI intake process will be applied to interested participants, to encourage those who are ready for the program to commit to the certification process and recommend alternative next steps to those who may be in a more exploratory phase. In exchange for access to the program, participants will be asked to share information about their entrepreneurial progress after completion of the program; CADE staff will maintain a database of participants, will conduct regular followup surveys and interviews, and will give program participants priority access to ongoing advisory and referral services. FFBI will accept all applicants to the program and will not exclude any, though minimum participation levels will be established for the awarding of credentials. Participants will have ongoing access to FFBI and program-specific mentoring services after the completion of the certificate program via CADE's ongoing client support programs.

Progress 01/01/21 to 08/19/22

Outputs
Target Audience:The audience for the project are 2-year Associate Degree students, recent graduates, and other post-secondary aspiring entrepreneurs. The workforce need addressed by this project is for a cadre of entrepreneurs with skills specifically developed to respond to rapidly changing times. The project addresses the AFRI Farm Bill Priority area of focus on agriculture economics and rural communities. By the end of the 5 year grant period, we expect to: launch a new 21st century, market-responsive entrepreneurship curriculum and training program with academic credit equivalencies and certification; graduate more than 500 associate degree students and other participants from across Central NY with certificates recognized by Farm Credit East as "industry ready"; successfully support at least 60 certified participants who access grants and loans to build or expand profitable agribusinesses; and influence at least two lenders to adopt new lending approaches based on future business and market trends. Entrepreneurship is the driver of new job creation in the agriculture and food sectors of upstate New York. Conventional farm and food businesses have become increasingly consolidated and mechanized for decades in the region, reducing the number of job opportunities in these sectors. New markets, technologies, and social/consumer trends now support the emergence of a highly diverse set of enterprises that promise opportunities for a workforce with a different and updated set of skills. It is the nature of these emerging opportunities that they are complex, rapidly changing, and risky. CADE's analysis of this new entrepreneurship landscape is detailed below in the section headed 2020 Foresight - Business Planning in a New Era . Educational programs that help new entrepreneurs succeed in this context, including for two-year Associate Degree students and graduates entering the workforce, will need to provide participants with an approach to business planning and management reflective of the realities of 2020 and beyond. Changes/Problems:our project came to an abrupt stop around the midway point of the first year of the grant because: our SUNY Cobleskill / community college partner, Dr. Jason Evans, left the college and there was a leadership change who had a different vision; when we tried to pull in a different community college partner (Mohawk Valley Community College, which is part of the State University of New York or SUNY system) we learned that the community college Teachers Union which exists Statewide, now requires college faculty get "first dibs" on teaching credit bearing courses, which meant that CADE would no longer be allowed to be the university's contracted partner to implement the work; we were informed of a new policy that all credit bearing courses must be paid for by students (our program co-conceived by Dr. Jason Evans at the time was designed to be "free"); and after much deliberation over whether we might "hand over" this grant to SUNY Cobleskill, given CADE's lack of capacity to implement it, CADE leadership and Board concluded that we were not prepared to hand over the grant because our curricula and work products are our own intellectual property. CADE contacted our Grants Officer Carlos Ortiz on March 14, 2022, to explain our dilemma and ask his guidance. We agreed that CADE would consider how the project might be restructured, so that CADE could continue independent of the university system, as long as we continued to target 2 year associate degree students in our outreach efforts, and proceed with building in the "industry readiness" verification (which in our case, was always going to be a certificate of "Credit readiness" endorsed by Farm Credit East). What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? During this period, especially in the first two quarters, CADE focused on: building the curriculum for our "Business Planning in a New Era" educational programming for 2 year associate degree students, as well as website infrastructure that would support delivery of this innovative distance learning content. engaging our industry partners connected to the project to create the project's building blocks (i.e., outreach to SUNY Cobleskill faculty for content and accredidation badges aligned with university requirements; Farm Credit East to establish a certification of "industry readiness" or "credit readiness"; and our tech contractor for technology infrastructure and website backend/systems, etc.). However, our project came to an abrupt stop around the midway point of the first year of the grant because: our SUNY Cobleskill / community college partner, Dr. Jason Evans, left the college and there was a leadership change who had a different vision; when we tried to pull in a different community college partner (Mohawk Valley Community College, which is part of the State University of New York or SUNY system) we learned that the community college Teachers Union which exists Statewide, now requires college faculty get "first dibs" on teaching credit bearing courses, which meant that CADE would no longer be allowed to be the university's contracted partner to implement the work; we were informed of a new policy that all credit bearing courses must be paid for by students (our program co-conceived by Dr. Jason Evans at the time was designed to be "free"); and after much deliberation over whether we might "hand over" this grant to SUNY Cobleskill, given CADE's lack of capacity to implement it, CADE leadership and Board concluded that we were not prepared to hand over the grant because our curricula and work products are our own intellectual property. CADE contacted our Grants Officer Carlos Ortiz on March 14, 2022, to explain our dilemma and ask his guidance. We agreed that CADE would consider how the project might be restructured, so that CADE could continue independent of the university system, as long as we continued to target 2 year associate degree students in our outreach efforts, and proceed with building in the "industry readiness" verification (which in our case, was always going to be a certificate of "Credit readiness" endorsed by Farm Credit East). Carlos offered that he would share our proposed new approach with his colleagues within NIFA to approve, recognizing it would be important not to duplicate the work of USDA's BFRDP. On March 24, 2022, CADE PD Phoebe Schreiner sent an email to Carlos reflecting our proposed new approach. The following is an excerpt from the email with our proposal: "We appreciate your offer to allow us to reconfigure the project to be able to continue, assuming it can be approved by your colleagues. In sum, we request proceeding with the project "as is", but tweaking it as follows: instead of having the community college affiliation, offer the same market-responsive entrepreneurship curriculum and training program branded solely by CADE. do not offer academic credit equivalencies, but proceed with a CADE/Farm Credit East Certificate (reminder that Farm Credit East, as an agribusiness lender, was going to be our "industry ready" affiliate and "recognize" a CADE certificate of training completion as an indicator that participants were well positioned or "credit ready" to take an agribusiness loan). proceed with recruiting 2 year community college students with an interest in food/agriculture, but not as having a college affiliation or academic credit equivalencies. We could do this by working with and promoting the training program to the campus career or workforce development center, food/ag business faculty, and extracurricular groups on campus. Because we would not offer the training program for academic credit, the college faculty would not see this as "competition". we believe that it's mission critical to proceed with an advisory group of 2 year degree students, together with industry experts, to inform the project to meet their needs, but this would be outside the college affiliation. We would therefore pay the student advisors. Note I'm attaching our original narrative proposal for your easy reference. Also note--I want to respond to your concern that the reconfigured project might be "too similar" to the USDA BFRDP grant program. Having studied their requirements, our project is not intended to support beginning farmers in their first 10 years of operation as BFRDP requires. It is targeting and supporting 2 year degree students CONSIDERING an agribusiness venture--a food or supply/value chain business entrepreneur is included in this, not only farm businesses--delivering on their capacity to be "credit ready" to do so, if that's what they chose. In terms of going forward, please let us know where we should go next. If you and your colleagues approve the above changes, please let us know if you need us to update the proposal narrative, or if we can just reflect the changes in our ongoing grant reporting. We would then jump back into project implementation. If the community college requirement cannot be bypassed, we will need to discuss with you the details of closing out the grant and relinquishing the remaining funds." CADE is currently awaiting Carlos' feedback on how we might proceed.

Publications


    Progress 01/01/21 to 12/31/21

    Outputs
    Target Audience:PROJECT TARGET AUDIENCE DESCRIPTION: The audience for the project are 2-year Associate Degree students, recent graduates, and other post-secondary aspiring entrepreneurs. The workforce need addressed by this project is for a cadre of entrepreneurs with skills specifically developed to respond to rapidly changing times. The project addresses the AFRI Farm Bill Priority area of focus on agriculture economics and rural communities. By the end of the 5 year grant period, we expect to: launch a new 21st century, market-responsive entrepreneurship curriculum and training program with academic credit equivalencies and certification; graduate more than 500 associate degree students and other participants from across Central NY with certificates recognized by Farm Credit East as "industry ready"; successfully support at least 60 certified participants who access grants and loans to build or expand profitable agribusinesses; and influence at least two lenders to adopt new lending approaches based on future business and market trends. Entrepreneurship is the driver of new job creation in the agriculture and food sectors of upstate New York. Conventional farm and food businesses have become increasingly consolidated and mechanized for decades in the region, reducing the number of job opportunities in these sectors. New markets, technologies, and social/consumer trends now support the emergence of a highly diverse set of enterprises that promise opportunities for a workforce with a different and updated set of skills. It is the nature of these emerging opportunities that they are complex, rapidly changing, and risky. CADE's analysis of this new entrepreneurship landscape is detailed below in the section headed 2020 Foresight - Business Planning in a New Era . Educational programs that help new entrepreneurs succeed in this context, including for two-year Associate Degree students and graduates entering the workforce, will need to provide participants with an approach to business planning and management reflective of the realities of 2020 and beyond. PROGRESS DURING THIS REPORTING PERIOD (Jan 1-Dec 31, 2021): During this period, especially in the first two quarters, CADE focused on: building the curriculum for our "Business Planning in a New Era" educational programming for 2 year associate degree students, as well as website infrastructure that would support delivery of this innovative distance learning content. engaging our industry partners connected to the project to create the project's building blocks (i.e., outreach to SUNY Cobleskill faculty for content and accredidation badges aligned with university requirements; Farm Credit East to establish a certification of "industry readiness" or "credit readiness"; and our tech contractor for technology infrastructure and website backend/systems, etc.). However, our project came to an abrupt stop around the midway point of the first year of the grant because: our SUNY Cobleskill / community college partner, Dr. Jason Evans, left the college and there was a leadership change who had a different vision; when we tried to pull in a different community college partner (Mohawk Valley Community College, which is part of the State University of New York or SUNY system) we learned that the community college Teachers Union which exists Statewide, now requires college faculty get "first dibs" on teaching credit bearing courses, which meant that CADE would no longer be allowed to be the university's contracted partner to implement the work; we were informed of a new policy that all credit bearing courses must be paid for by students (our program co-conceived by Dr. Jason Evans at the time was designed to be "free"); and after much deliberation over whether we might "hand over" this grant to SUNY Cobleskill, given CADE's lack of capacity to implement it, CADE leadership and Board concluded that we were not prepared to hand over the grant because our curricula and work products are our own intellectual property. CADE contacted our Grants Officer Carlos Ortiz on March 14, 2022, to explain our dilemma and ask his guidance. We agreed that CADE would consider how the project might be restructured, so that CADE could continue independent of the university system, as long as we continued to target 2 year associate degree students in our outreach efforts, and proceed with building in the "industry readiness" verification (which in our case, was always going to be a certificate of "Credit readiness" endorsed by Farm Credit East). Carlos offered that he would share our proposed new approach with his colleagues within NIFA to approve, recognizing it would be important not to duplicate the work of USDA's BFRDP. On March 24, 2022, CADE PD Phoebe Schreiner sent an email to Carlos reflecting our proposed new approach. The following is an excerpt from the email with our proposal: "We appreciate your offer to allow us to reconfigure the project to be able to continue, assuming it can be approved by your colleagues. In sum, we request proceeding with the project "as is", but tweaking it as follows: instead of having the community college affiliation, offer the same market-responsive entrepreneurship curriculum and training program branded solely by CADE. do not offer academic credit equivalencies, but proceed with a CADE/Farm Credit East Certificate (reminder that Farm Credit East, as an agribusiness lender, was going to be our "industry ready" affiliate and "recognize" a CADE certificate of training completion as an indicator that participants were well positioned or "credit ready" to take an agribusiness loan). proceed with recruiting 2 year community college students with an interest in food/agriculture, but not as having a college affiliation or academic credit equivalencies. We could do this by working with and promoting the training program to the campus career or workforce development center, food/ag business faculty, and extracurricular groups on campus. Because we would not offer the training program for academic credit, the college faculty would not see this as "competition". we believe that it's mission critical to proceed with an advisory group of 2 year degree students, together with industry experts, to inform the project to meet their needs, but this would be outside the college affiliation. We would therefore pay the student advisors. Note I'm attaching our original narrative proposal for your easy reference. Also note--I want to respond to your concern that the reconfigured project might be "too similar" to the USDA BFRDP grant program. Having studied their requirements, our project is not intended to support beginning farmers in their first 10 years of operation as BFRDP requires. It is targeting and supporting 2 year degree students CONSIDERING an agribusiness venture--a food or supply/value chain business entrepreneur is included in this, not only farm businesses--delivering on their capacity to be "credit ready" to do so, if that's what they chose. In terms of going forward, please let us know where we should go next. If you and your colleagues approve the above changes, please let us know if you need us to update the proposal narrative, or if we can just reflect the changes in our ongoing grant reporting. We would then jump back into project implementation. If the community college requirement cannot be bypassed, we will need to discuss with you the details of closing out the grant and relinquishing the remaining funds." CADE is currently awaiting Carlos' feedback on how we might proceed. Changes/Problems:Please see all previous descriptions. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?CADE is currently awaiting our NIFA grants officer Carlos Ortiz's feedback on whether and how we might proceed with the project. If the project is allowed to proceed, we will pick up again. We would then proceed with the following activities in the coming year: continuing to build out the curriculum for distance learning delivery pulling together 2 year student advisors for the project to ensure it continues to meet their needs continued work to build our technology infrastructure outreach to industry experts and Farm Credit East to also serve as advisors to the project identifying our promotion/outreach strategy to 2 year college students to ensure we build a pipeline of youth to participate (including by mapping and connecting with the campus career or workforce development centers, the food/ag business faculty on all the community college campuses, extracurricular campus activity groups, etc.); and launching the "Business for a New Era" curriculum. If proceeding is not approved, CADE will work with Carlos and other NIFA staff on details of closing out the grant and relinquishing the remaining funds to USDA. In sum, we would like to convey how very much we hope to continue! This is a wonderful grant project, and we deeply appreciate these precious resources to help us build a new community of agribusiness entrepreneurs among NYS youth who are enrolled in our community colleges. These students are frequently glossed over by 4 year degree programs, they are frequently lower income, more likely to BIPOC students, and deserve EVERY opportunity to become agribusiness entrepreneurs for a NEW ERA. We hope NIFA shares this commitment and will support our continued work, despite the challenges we have faced in the last 6 months which caused us to come to a halt. We are ready to pick up again with your support!

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? As noted previously, in the first two quarters, CADE focused on: building the curriculum for our "Business Planning in a New Era" educational programming for 2 year associate degree students, as well as website infrastructure that would support delivery of this innovative distance learning content. engaging our industry partners connected to the project to create the project's building blocks (i.e., outreach to SUNY Cobleskill faculty for content and accredidation badges aligned with university requirements; Farm Credit East to establish a certification of "industry readiness" or "credit readiness"; and our tech contractor for technology infrastructure and website backend/systems, etc.). However, our project came to an abrupt stop around the midway point of the first year of the grant for reasons described previously.

    Publications