Source: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY submitted to
ENHANCING POULTRY PRODUCTION SYSTEMS THROUGH EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND HUSBANDRY PRACTICES
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
HATCH
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1020402
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
NE-1942
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2019
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2024
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Project Director
Patterson, PA.
Recipient Organization
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY
208 MUELLER LABORATORY
UNIVERSITY PARK,PA 16802
Performing Department
Animal Science
Non Technical Summary
The Poultry Education and Research Center at Penn State is equipped to study broilers, layers, and turkeys. Building and cage designs allow for replicated treatments to contribute to data-based evidence in a commercial production setting. These data are compiled and presented to PA producers in an effort to disseminate knowledge to those stakeholders. Diet formulation and inclusion of potentially impactful dietary ingredients will be used to create treatments that are to be fed. Feed and ingredient handling capabilities, nutrient availability, and overall economics will be studied. Performance metrics (weight gain, feed intake, efficiency) and product yield (egg production, muscle yield) will be measured. Additionally, management and husbandry practices will be studied to continually meet the demand of today's customer.
Animal Health Component
80%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
10%
Applied
80%
Developmental
10%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
30232991010100%
Knowledge Area
302 - Nutrient Utilization in Animals;

Subject Of Investigation
3299 - Poultry, general/other;

Field Of Science
1010 - Nutrition and metabolism;
Goals / Objectives
Integrating technological advances into poultry systems. This will include collaborative research on incorporating engineering and technology to enhance system efficiency and sustainability through infrastructure development of blockchain production.



Establishing and adopting husbandry practices to a changing industry landscape. This collaborative research will encompass a multi-disciplinary approach to create a resilient poultry production system through optimal management of inputs and outputs in an ethically responsible manner.
Project Methods
This project will be conducted at the Poultry Education and Research Center at Penn State University. Experiments will be designed to include replicated pens that can be analyzed using SAS software. These data will be compiled in a manner that may be used to improve or change knowledge, actions, or conditions of the audience. These changes will be dependent on specific experiment results.Specific methods will include randomized complete block designs that can account for blocking effects within research facilities. Procedures include diet formulation, feed mixing, obtaining bird weights, bird processing and subsequent yield determination, laying efficiency, eggshell quality determination, and nutrient digestibility determination using titanium dioxide, metabolizable energy determination using Single-Comb White Leghorn roosters, and true amino acid digestibility using cecectomized roosters. This list of specific procedures is subject to change. These procedures are vital to data generation and subsequent change in actions at the audience level.Several experiments will be conducted for the project. These experiments include studying the impact of soybean particle size on poultry performance and digestibility, mushroom stump waste as a potential feed ingredient for poultry, HiPro distillers' grains as a potential feed ingredient for poultry, nutrient segregation throughout commercial broiler houses with respect to feed quality and length of feed lines, insect meals as a potential feed ingredient for organic and conventional poultry production and fermentation of mortalities for virus destruction and carcass preservation. Execution of these project will require the aforementioned procedures in varying capacities.Findings from these experiments will be communicated to the target audience. Evaluations of knowledge gained and likelihood of changing daily operations will be collected. These evaluations will be followed up 12 months later to measure impact of results presentation. This is where we will re-evaluate to see if these changes were ever/ or are still being implemented by the target audience.

Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20

Outputs
Target Audience:Our target audience is primarily the commercial poultry industryand mostly via communicating with management and service personnel within the integrated industry. By working with these individuals we are effectively "training the trainer" because many times the educational programs and resourceswe provide can be shared forward with farmers, growers, producers, people working in poultry meat & egg processing and all segments of the commercial industry. We also communicate directly with farmers, growers and producers and small flock owners to update and enhance theirs skills directly. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The research has provided both training and professional development opportunities for both the undergraduate and graduate students under our supervision. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Because of our extension appointments we have had many outreach opportunities to disseminate these results to our poultry industry and interested clientele. These include: The monthly Poultry Management and Health Seminar, Northeast Conference on Avian Diseases, PA Poultry Sales and Service Conference, Mid-Atlantic Nutrition Conference, National Egg Quality School, The PennAg Poultry Progress Days, The PA Egg Quality Assurance Training Program, The National Meeting of the Poultry Science Association, The International Poultry Science Forum, Western Disease Conference and Asociacion National de Especialstas en Ciencias Avicolas, The USDA National Organic Standards Board Meeting, The American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers National Meeting and The Northeast Agricultural and Biological Engineering Conference. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Using largely the same dissemination venues above we will reach out to the poultry industry and interested clientele in much the same way in the coming reporting period.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Goal 1: One technological advance we've worked on is an alternative for hatching egg sanitation. Pulsed UV light was optimized for the inactivation of E. coli and Enterococcus faecium on shell eggs using a modified egg candling conveyor, then tested on fertile hatching eggs. We determined PUV had no negative effects on fertility, hatchability or chick liability to 6 weeks and the system has promise for industrial scale-up (Bright et al. 2020). Animal feed producers are starting to implement more harsh processing techniques to control food borne pathogens and subsequent food borne illness outbreaks. Examples of these techniques include increased steam conditioning temperatures and increased steam conditioning barrel retention time. These techniques may also improve feed milling efficiency and pellet quality. However, cost savings from improvements to physical feed quality and manufacturing efficiency is limited to the degree in which nutrients are degraded or denatured from these harsher techniques. Studying the interactions between milling efficiency, pellet quality, animal health, and performance is crucial for success in the changing poultry industry. Recent study results from Boney and Moritz (2019) demonstrate the ability to maintain turkey poult performance (D1-28) and bone mineralization when applying thermally aggressive processing strategies to improve feed manufacturing efficiency and pellet quality. On farm nutrient segregation may also be affected by integrating new manufacturing techniques. Recent data from the Boney lab describes how investing in improved pellet quality can minimize nutrient segregation, providing a more similar plane of nutrition across the poultry house. Furthermore, the length of the feed line in the poultry house contributes to the degree of nutrient segregation. These impacts must be considered when investing in feed quality improvements. Goal 2: Organic poultry production in the US has a sunset on the utilization of synthetic methionine in poultry diets that will severely limit poultry meat and egg production, efficient nutrient utilization and environmental sustainability. Therefore, alternative technologies and feedstuffs will be necessary to meet poultry methionine requirements in the future (Adrizal et al., 2019; Burley and Patterson, 2019). We have done considerable research into Black Soldier Fly Larvae, meal and oil as alternative feedstuffs for laying hens and to document their life cycle analysis compared to traditional feedstuffs with the World Wildlife Foundation. The larvae and meal are a concentrated source of methionine (Ferguson et al. 2019; Trimble et al. 2019; Patterson et al., 2019). Pennsylvania's proximity to large population centers along the east coast and their ever-changing demands explains the diversity of the poultry industry in the state. Animal welfare organizations have marketed their practices as superior. Scientifically evaluating these practices to ensure animal welfare improvement is imperative. Furthermore, re-evaluating husbandry practices within the bounds of the welfare organization of choice may maximize both profit potential and animal welfare. These data can be used by integrators when deciding which voluntary programs they wish to use. A recent study compared commercial lighting programs and programs associated with a nationally recognized animal welfare organization (Boney, 2019). Study results demonstrated how turkey poult performance and bone mineralization can be affected by lighting programs. Additional research in this area would greatly benefit the industry.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Beining Ouyang, B., A. Demirci and P.H. Patterson. 2020. Inactivation of Escherichia coli K12 in Liquid Egg White by a Flow-Through Pulsed UV Light Treatment System. Journal of Food Protection, 83:418-425.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Acar, N., P. H. Patterson and C. J. Lamb. 2019. The impact of Agaricus bazei mushroom extract water supplement on broiler performance. International Poultry Science Forum. Poul. Sci. 98:(E-Suppl. 1). February 11, 2019, Atlanta GA.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Adrizal, A., P. H. Patterson, C. R. Angel and A. Markant. 2019. Feeding Broiler Chicks Diets Containing Hydroxy- and Keto-Acids: Performance and Carcass Weight. Poultry Sci. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez091.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Boltz, T., J.W. Boney, C. Shen, J. Jaczynski, and J.S. Moritz. 2019. The effect of standard pelleting and more thermally aggressive pelleting utilizing a hygieniser of feed manufacture and reduction of Enterococcus faecium, a Salmonella surrogate. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 28:1226-1233.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Homan, V.B., J.W. Boney, and J.S. Moritz. 2019. The effects of steam conditioning temperatures on commercial phytases and subsequent broiler performance and tibia mineralization. Applied Animal Science. 35:298-303.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2020 Citation: Chen, L., E. Fabian (Wheeler), J. Cimbala, D. Hofstetter, and P. H. Patterson 2020. Ventilation Modeling of the Hen Environment in a Cage-Free Egg Facility. Accepted to Animals, June 18, 2020. Manuscript ID Animals-800554.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2020 Citation: Cassar, J. R., L. M. Bright, P. H. Patterson, E. W. Mills and A. Demirci. 2020. The Efficacy of Pulsed Ultraviolet Light Processing for Table and Hatching Eggs. Submitted to Poultry Science, September 9, 2020, 10pp. Manuscript Number: PSJ-D-20-01031
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Barrett, N. W., P. H. Patterson, F. Solis, and J. W. Boney. 2019. The effect of dietary inclusions of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) on broiler performance and carcass yield. International Poultry Science Forum. Poul. Sci. 98:(E-Suppl. 1):M78. February 11, 2019, Atlanta GA.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Burley, H.K. and P.H. Patterson. 2019. Updates on European Union (EU) strategies to meet Methionine needs of organic poultry. White Paper submitted to the USDA, National Organic Standards Board.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Ferguson, A. D., L. D. Trimble, H. B., Sciubba, N. Acar, and P. H. Patterson. 2019. Black Soldier Fly Larvae and Meal as Dietary Ingredients for Laying Hens. Abstract and poster, Mid-Atlantic Nutrition Conference, Hunt Valley, MD.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Trimble, L. D., A. D. Ferguson, H. B. Sciubba, N. Acar, and P. H. Patterson. 2019. Black Soldier Fly larvae oil and meal as dietary ingredients for laying hens. International Poultry Science Forum. Poul. Sci. 98:(E-Suppl. 1). February 11, 2019, Atlanta GA.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Patterson, P. H., L. D Trimble, A. D. Ferguson, H. B. Sciubba and N. Acar. 2019. The impact of feeding Black Soldier Fly Larvae on laying hen performance and egg quality. International Poultry Science Forum. Poul. Sci. 98:(E-Suppl. 1). February 12, 2019, Atlanta GA.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Trimble L. D., A. D. Ferguson, N. Acar, P. H. Patterson. 2019. The Impact of Agaricus Blazei Mushroom Extract Water Supplement on Hen Performance and Egg Quality. Abstract and poster, Mid-Atlantic Nutrition Conference. Hunt Valley, MD.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Ouyang, B., A. Demirci, and P. H. Patterson 2019. Inactivation of E. coli in liquid egg white using a flow-through pulsed UV light treatment system. Northeast Agricultural and Biological Engineering Conference (NABEC) June 16 - 19, 2019. Lac Beauport, QC, Canada.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Stephenson, C., L. Trimble, P. Patterson and H. Lu. A Study on Avian Influenza Virus Destruction by Rapid Ensiling of Hen Carcasses Post-Depopulation 2019. In Proceedings of the 91st Northeastern Conference on Avian Diseases, page 26. Am Assoc of Avian Path.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Boney, J.W. and J.S. Moritz. 2019. Effects of steam conditioning manipulations to feed manufacturing parameters and d1-28 poult performance. Poult. Sci. Vol. 98 (E-suppl. 1): 364
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Sharafeldin, T.A. and J.W. Boney. 2019. The reliability of different histological features in the evaluation of the intestinal health. Western Poultry Disease Conference and Asociacion National de Especialstas en Ciencias Avicolas.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Boney, J.W. 2019. How lighting programs and feed manufacturing strategies affect poult development and performance. Pennsylvania Sales and Service Conference. September 13, 2018. State College, Pennsylvania.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Boney, J.W. 2019. Molds and mycotoxins: An animal feed ingredient outlook. Mid-Atlantic Nutrition Conference. April 10, 2019. Hunt Valley, Maryland.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Poholsky, C.M., E.W. Mills, and J.W. Boney. 2020. A method for characterizing instrumental quality measures of turkey breast meat. Poult Sci. Vol. 98 (E-suppl. 1):P210
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Poholsky, C.M., D.W. Hofstetter, and J.W. Boney. 2020. Improved pellet quality reduces on-farm nutrient segregation. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. Poul. Sci. 99:(E-Suppl. 1). July 21, 2020, Virtual.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Averos, X. Patterson, P.H., N. Acar, I. Pineda and I. Estevez 2020. Are Beak Growth and Pullet Performance Affected by Natural Beak Smoothing Feeders and Outdoor Vegetation Density. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. Poul. Sci. 99:(E-Suppl. 1). July 20, 2020, Virtual.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Ouyang, B., A. Demirci and P.H. Patterson. 2020. Inactivation of Escherichia coli K12 in Liquid Egg White by a Flow-Through Pulsed UV Light Treatment System. Journal of Food Protection, 83:418-425.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Ouyang, B., A. Demirci and P.H. Patterson. 2020. Pulsed UV Light Inactivation of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in Liquid Egg White and its Effects on Quality. Am Soc Ag Bio Engr National Meeting, paper no. 2000057, 15pp. https://doi.org/10.13031/aim.202000057.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Bright, L., J. Cassar, P. Patterson, E. Mills and A. Demirci 2020. Fertile Hatching Eggs Response After Treatment of Pulsed Ultraviolet Light. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. Poul. Sci. 99:(E-Suppl. 1). July 20, 2020, Virtual.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Patterson, P.H., X. Averos, N. Acar, I. Pineda and I. Estevez 2020. Impact of Vegetation Density on Outdoor Paddock Utilization and Behavior by Growing Pullets. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. Poul. Sci. 99:(E-Suppl. 1). July 20, 2020, Virtual.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Trimble, L., A. Ferguson, B. Migdal, M. Pasquinelli, N. Acar and P. Patterson 2020. The Impact of Dietary Beta-Glucans on Poultry Health and Performance. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. Poul. Sci. 99:(E-Suppl. 1). July 21, 2020, Virtual.