Source: APPLICATION INSIGHT, LLC submitted to
COMMERCIALIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR DEVELOPING A HIGH PRESSURE CHEMICAL DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR AERIAL APPLICATION PLATFORMS.
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1019524
Grant No.
2019-33610-29752
Cumulative Award Amt.
$106,498.00
Proposal No.
2019-00522
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Jul 15, 2019
Project End Date
Dec 14, 2020
Grant Year
2020
Program Code
[8.13]- Plant Production and Protection-Engineering
Recipient Organization
APPLICATION INSIGHT, LLC
2519 WILSON AVE
LANSING,MI 489062737
Performing Department
Application Insight
Non Technical Summary
This project's goal is to reduce spray drift from aerial applications while at the same time significantly increase the efficiency and profitability of aerial applicators. The project will achieve this objective through development of a scalable, commercial-scale, high pressure chemical delivery system designed to mount on most any piloted fixed or rotary-wing aircraft, and potentially larger Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. High-pressure sprays used in aerial application conditions can meaningfully reduce formation of small droplets that would be prone to drift. The system will give an applicator superior control over droplet size by increasing the capability to deliver spray pressures significantly higher than anything currently found in any of the current array of commercially available aerial spray application systems. Even at full-pressure, the system will be able to maintain desired flow ranges appropriate to the desired application rates of most if not all aerial agricultural and forestry spray applications. Pump modules will be typical flow for a boom section rather than the whole boom. Modules would be matched to the size aircraft, ideally 2-4 modules to achieve the necessary application rate on most aircraft. This increased swath precision will improve ability to cover a whole field including "clean-up" on edges, and improve the effectiveness of existing wind-swath compensation. Most importantly, it will allow application in a wider range of meteorological conditions and at higher speeds which will significantly impact the marginal profitability per hour and the number of tach hours a year that a pilot can be applicating. These improvements could improve the profitability of US aerial applicators by an extra $150 million or more in increased annual revenue at little additional marginal cost, and tens of millions of dollars of added productivity, with an increase in our collective health and safety by improving the proper placement of aerially-applied agricultural crop protection materials. This system will positive policy benefits, as Registrants may be more willing to pursue aerial application on a wider range of pesticide labels if accurate placement can be better assured, and EPA may be more willing to work with them as the risk is reduced. The potential market opportunity for this technology as a commercial product is substantial. It is estimated that half of the ~4000 aerial application aircraft in the US could find enough benefit to justify investment in this technology upgrade. We estimate that each application aircraft would use an average of 2-3 of the modules per vessel, creating a $100 to 150 million dollar potential market in the US alone. Aerial application is common in Canada, Central and South America, the Caribbean, Africa, Australia, the Philippines, and New Zealand. The total global market for this hardware is likely closer to $250-300 million dollars.
Animal Health Component
10%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
10%
Developmental
90%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
40253102020100%
Knowledge Area
402 - Engineering Systems and Equipment;

Subject Of Investigation
5310 - Machinery and equipment;

Field Of Science
2020 - Engineering;
Goals / Objectives
The major goal of this project is the development of a scalable, commercial-scale, high pressure precision chemical delivery and control system for aerial spray application platforms. The system will be designed to mount on most any piloted fixed or rotary-wing aircraft, and potentially larger Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs).The ability to substantially increase spray delivery pressure has been well documented by the USDA Aerial Application Technology Research Unit to reduce driftable fine droplets in aerially applied sprays, yet there are virtually no commercially available systems that exist which would allow an applicator to do it. This project will solve that gap in technology allowing aerial applicators to take advantage of the precision and drift reducing benefits of hi-pressure aerial spraying.In Phase 1, the project will evaluate and identify key mechanical and electronic control components and perform engineering evaluations leading toward the integration of a complete aerial based system. The power source, controller, motor, and pump will be sized such that each system would provide flow to one boom section, eliminating the need for multiple boom valves and large plumbing conduits. Phase one work will be limited to bench work.In Phase 2, gaps identified in Phase 1 will be resolved/bridged, and refinements of the core project concepts that the working prototype embodies will be bench and field tested toward the goal of a useable concept.
Project Methods
Application Insight will work with manufacturers of pumps, motors, controllers, and powersources to select and or develop the ideal hardware combination to achieve the goals of this project. Candidate selections will be rigorously tested for suitability in conditions typical to an aerial application.Using a high-resolution flowmeter that will be purchased as part of this project, data log the pump output at high time resolution. Set up a plumbing system that would simulate the suction and flow conditions anticipated as part of operation on an aircraft. Log continuous amp draw and voltage during tests, then calculate watts and integrate area under curve to determine total power draw. This will guide power source development.?

Progress 07/15/19 to 12/14/20

Outputs
Target Audience: Nothing Reported Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?This project contains extensive proprietary information and cannot yet be disseminated. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Impact Statement: Development of a high pressure delivery system for aerial application platforms. Aerial applications are a critically important tool to US and global agriculture, and continuing to improve the ability to make aerial spray applications with reduced drift is critical to the sustainability of the aerial application industry. This project initiated investigations into developing a novel delivery system that would facilitate the widespread use of a phenomena that we have known can reduce drift in aerial sprays for over 10 years due to the diligence of USDA-ARS-AAT researchers, but to date applicators have not been able to employ due to a lack of capable hardware. Specifically, that phenomena is high pressure application. Unlike in ground applications where low pressure tends to correlate with low drift, in aerial application it is exactly the opposite: higher liquid pressures tend to lead to faster spray jets that reduce the shearing turbulence of the wind. This reduces the formation of fine droplets. The problem lies in that there is no hardware available capable of achieving this kind of spray. The pumps used are classical centrifugal pumps capable of less than 50 PSI. The benefits of high pressure begin to accrue above 70 PSI, and likely up to 120 PSI or higher. Part of the reason there is no hardware is two-fold: 1) it is difficult to draw power off of the airplane, and 2) applicators are resistant to change due to the need for absolute reliability in performance. The investigators felt they had a means to easily and safely self-power the high pressure delivery system. It was shown to be possible, but interviews with applicators showed they were totally uninterested in the means provided. The investigators were able to pivot to an alternate power source. Virtually all components originally chosen to be evaluated failed the selection criteria, but one pump and motor style were able to provide the proper combination of performance. In the end a viable combination has emerged with a clear path to a commercializable product that achieves all of the original project objectives plus several more. Additional performance capabilities were discovered that will provide sufficient value to a user that their resistance to change should be easily overcome. These will be integrated into the system during Phase II. One of those discoveries will make the system desirable to virtually every type of aerial applicator from larger drones to the largest aerial application airplanes. It is expected that this will lead to a much larger evential market share for this innovation, allowing more acres to be sprayed safely by efficient and effective aerial application.

Publications