Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19
Outputs Target Audience:Beef cattle producers, ranchers, framers, agency and policy makers are the target audience for our program and were presented with findings of our research locally, regionally, nationally and internationally this past year. Our transdisciplinary research program from gut metagenomics through beef cattle production to animal health and environmental impacts this reporting period was targeted to graduate student education, intellectual property development and presentation of results in scientific journals and scientific conferences. Transdisciplinary outcomes were focused on animal health professionals, gut microbiologists, feedlot cattle managers, probiotic and prebiotic feed manufacturers, horticulturists and global climate change scientists. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Three PhD students successfully completed their programs and graduated. A PhD student received advanced mitigation training and experince utilizing condensed tannins to alter cattle feces greenhouse gas emissions. A PhD student received training in the use of bovine respiratory disease challenge models and statistical process control modeling in the development of precilincal and clinical diagnoses of bovine repiratory disease. A post-doctoral research associate received training in the use advanced bioinformatics for use in very large short-read bovine gut metagenomic data sets. Supervisory Technician learned the use of multiple extraction and PCR procedures. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Eight scientific papers published during the reporting period. Popular press articles were published. Presentations were made at academic and industry professional meetings. One on one interactions with stakeholders with problem specific issues. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Conduct a multi-state genotype x environment beef cattle systems biology experiment where beef genotypes of weaned calves developed over the past 30 years in Nebraska will be characteized for adapatability and performance under contrastingproduction environments of the Northern and Southern Great Plains from grazing through harvest phases. The genome-phenome axis will be characteized from the individual animal genome, transcriptome and metabolome level to the gutmicrobiome community composition, function and metabolism.Research on anitmicrobial resistance (AMR) risk associated with feedlot bio-aerosols will continue. Additional AMR characterization and risk potential elucidation in grazed beef production environments where cattle, migratory waterfall, feral swine and white-tailed deer co-graze hard-red winter wheat fields in the Southern Great Plains will continued.
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
Bovine respiratory disease is the number one cause of morbidity and mortality in beef cattle and costs >$700 million/year. Three refereed journal articles were published utilizing changes in animal behavior and dry matter intake to predict cattle suffering from bovine respiratory. We conducted follow-on viral-bacterial challenge study to validate previous results and to mine the serum and plasma metabolomes for discovery of potentially useful bio-markers for detection of bovine respiratory disease. Data is currently being analyzed. Livestock meta-omes projects led to two publications describing a novel hypernitrate-nitrite metabolizing anaerobic rumen bacteria and potential applications to mitigating nitrate poisoning and methane emission in beef cattle production systems. Collaborative efforts in the effects of starch feeding to the horse cecal microbiome were published. Initiated dual-use hard red winter wheat studies in Texas and Oklahoma. Texas research contrasts an organic dual-use wheat strategy to a conventional strategy during the transition phase of organic certification. A large-scale multi-state and multi-year genotype by environment meta-omics study was initiated utilizing a common composite beef cattle genotype across contrasting environments and production systems from the far Northern Great Plains to the Southern Great Plains. Data from both of these new initiatives is being analyzed. Previous winter wheat research was published in two journal articles and disseminated to stakeholders through one on one and group discussions.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Latham, E., W. Pinchak, J. Trachsel, H. Allen, T. Callaway, D. Nisbet, and R. Anderson. 2018. Isolation, characterization and strain selection of a Paenibacillus species for use as a probiotic to aid in ruminal methane mitigation, nitrate/nitrite detoxification and food safety. Bioresource Technology, Volume 263:358-364, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.04.116
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Malinowski, D. P., J. C. Rudd, W. E. Pinchak and J. Baker. 2018. Determining morphological traits for selecting wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) with improved early-season forage production. J. Adv. Agric. 9:1508-1530, https://doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v9i0.7932
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Malinowski, D. P. , W. E. Pinchak, D.W. Pitta and B. R. Min. 2018. Solar radiation affects bloat potential of wheat forage. ActAgrobotanica 71(4): 1754. https://doi.org/10.5586/aa.1754
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Elizabeth A. Latham, William E. Pinchak, Julian Trachsel, Heather K. Allen, Todd R. Callaway, David J. Nisbet, Robin C. Anderson. 2019. Paenibacillus 79R4, a potential rumen probiotic to enhance nitrite detoxification and methane mitigation in nitrate-treated ruminants. Science of The Total Environment, Volume 671: 324-328, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.390.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
William C Kayser, Gordon E Carstens, Kirby S Jackson, William E Pinchak, Amarnath Banerjee, Yu Fu 2019. Evaluation of statistical process control procedures to monitor feeding behavior patterns and detect onset of bovine respiratory disease in growing bulls, Journal of Animal Science, Volume 97, Issue 3, March 2019, Pages 11581170, https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/sky486
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
William Christian Kayser, Gordon E Carstens, Ira Loyd Parsons, Thomas H Welsh, Kevin E Washburn, Sara D Lawhon, William E Pinchak, John T Richeson, Eric Chevaux, Andrew L Skidmore. 2019. Effects of Mannheimia haemolytica challenge with or without supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii strain CNCM I-1079 on immune upregulation and behavior in beef steers, Journal of Animal Science, Volume 97, Issue 2, February 2019, Pages 596609, https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/sky447
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
William Christian Kayser, Gordon E Carstens, Kevin E Washburn, Thomas H Welsh, Sara D Lawhon, Sanjay M Reddy, William E Pinchak, Eric Chevaux, Andrew L Skidmore. 2019. Effects of combined viral-bacterial challenge with or without supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii strain CNCM I-1079 on immune upregulation and DMI in beef heifers, Journal of Animal Science, Volume 97, Issue 3, March 2019, Pages 11711184, https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/sky483
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Ashley N Wolford, Josie A Coverdale, Jessica L Leatherwood, William E Pinchak, Robin C Anderson, Tryon A Wickersham. 2019. Influence of housing type on the cecal environment of horses, Translational Animal Science, Volume 3, Issue 2, March 2019, Pages 877884, https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txz030
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Progress 06/30/18 to 09/30/18
Outputs Target Audience:Beef cattle producers, ranchers, framers, agency and policy makers are the target audience for our program and were presented with findings of our research locally, regionally, nationally and internationally this past year. Our transdisciplinary research program from gut metagenomics through beef cattle production to animal health and environmental impacts this reporting period was targeted to graduate student education, intellectual property development and presentation of results in scientific journals and scientific conferences. Transdisciplinary outcomes were focused on animal health professionals, gut microbiologists, feedlot cattle managers, probiotic and prebiotic feed manufacturers, horticulturists and global climate change scientists. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Four PhD level graduate students were mentored, particpated in professional meetings, and received training in next-generation analytics. Senior Technician received extensive training in metagenoimic DNA extraction, quality contorl, primer testing, gel electrophoresis and qPCR analysis of various environmental sample types. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Popular press articles were published. Presentations were made at academic and industry professional meetings. One on one interactions with stakeholders with problem specific issues. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Conduct a multi-state genotype x environment beef cattle systems biology experiment where beef genotypes of weaned calves developed over the past 30 years in Nebraska will be characteized for adapatability and performance under contrasting production environments of the Northern and Southern Great Plains from grazing through harvest phases. The genome-phenome axis will be characteized from the individual animal genome, transcriptome and metabolome level to the gut microbiome community composition, function and metabolism. Research on anitmicrobial resistance (AMR) risk associated with feedlot bio-aerosols will continue. Additional AMR characterization and risk potential elucidation in grazed beef production environments where cattle, migratory waterfall, feral swine and white-tailed deer co-graze hard-red winter wheat fields in the Souther Greaa Plains will be initiated.
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
Developing accurate and reliable biomarkers and genomic markers to improve RFI by 10% which would save $1 billion/year, improve average cow production longevity by 2 years that would save $1billion, and decrease ruminant enteric methane production 10%/year. Bovine respiratory disease is the number one cause of morbidity and mortaility in beef cattle and costs >$700 million/year. Early disease detection and effective first treatment intervention could decrease these costs by 25 to 50%.Paenibacillus 79R4 hypernitrate and hypernitrite denitrifying bacteria decreases risk of nitrate toxicosis and allows feeding of nitrate to reduce enteric methane production (25%) from cattle. Cost benefit analyses depend on the value of decreased enteric methane loading to the atmosphere. Nitrate/nitrite toxicosis economic impacts occur across a continuum of impaired fertility, reduced productivity and death. Drought exacerbates risk.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Latham, E., W. Pinchak, J. Trachsel, H. Allen, T. Callaway, D. Nisbet, and R. Anderson. 2018. Isolation, characterization and strain selection of a Paenibacillus species for use as a probiotic to aid in ruminal methane mitigation, nitrate/nitrite detoxification and food safety. Bioresource Technology. 358-364.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Latham, E. A., J. C. McCann, K. K. Weldon, T. A. Wickersham, J. C. Coverdale, and W. E. Pinchak. 2018. Responses in the rumen microbiome of Bos taurus and Bos indicus steers consuming rice straw and supplemented with protein. Journal of Animal Science. 96:1032-1044.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Kayser, W. C., G. E. Carstens, I. L. Parsons, T. H. Welsh, K. E. Washburn, S. D. Lawhon, W. E. Pinchak, J. T. Richeson, E. Chevaux, and A. L. Skidmore. 2018. Effects of Mannheimia haemolytica challenge with or without supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii strain CNCM I-1079 on immune upregulation and behavior in beef steers. Journal of Animal Science Published on line 28 November 2018 .
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Kayser, W. C., G. E. Carstens, K. S. Jackson, W. E. Pinchak, A. Banerjee, and Y. Fu. 2018. Evaluation of statistical process control procedures to monitor feeding behavior patterns and detect onset of bovine respiratory disease in growing bulls. Accepted with minor revisions 16 November 2018. In Press
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Latham, E. A., W. W. Gentry, J. S. Jennings, and W. E. Pinchak. 2018. Microbial population and function in rumen liquid and solid fractions of steers fed corn-based wet distillers grains, sorghum-based wet distillers grains or CaOH treated sorghum-based wet distillers grains finishing diets. Submitted, reviewed and under revision. BMC Microbiology.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Fontenot, L.R., W. C. Kayser, G.E. Carstens, W.E Pinchak, P. Pinedo, J. T. Richeson. 2018. Utility of statistical process control algorithms for preclinical detection of bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle based on deviations in physical behavior (IceTag). Abstract. Proceedings of the Plains Nutrition Council, April 2018, San Antonio, Texas.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Norris, A. B, L.O. Tedeschi, K.D. Casey, J.C.B. Dubeux, J.L. Foster, J.P. Muir and W.E. Pinchak. 2018. Effects of Feeding Different Levels of Quebracho (Schinopsis balansae) Extract in a High-Roughage Total Mixed Ration on Manure Gas Emissions. J. Anim. Sci. 96(Suppl1):19-20
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Norris, A.B., W.L. Crossland, L.O. Tedeschi, J.L. Foster, J.P. Muir, and W.E. Pinchak. 2018. Effect of differing rates of Quebracho (Schinopsis blansae) extract fed in a limit fed high roughage TMR upon digestibility and nitrogen balance. American Society of Animal Science-Canadian Society of Animal Science Annual Meeting, Vancouver, Canada, Jul. 8-12. (Abstr.)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Norris, A.B., L.O. Tedeschi, K.D. Casey, J.C.B. Dubeux, J.L. Foster, J.P. Muir, and W.E. Pinchak. 2018. Quebracho (Schinopsis balansae) extract in beef cattle fed high-roughage total mixed ration affects manure gas emissions. International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores, Clermont-Ferrand, France, Sept. 2-6.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
C Warzecha, J Coverdale, J Janecka, T Wickersham, W Pinchak, J Leatherwood, J McCann. 2018. 467 Long-term effects of concentrate feeding on the equine cecal microbiome. Journal of Animal Science 96(suppl_3):249-249. DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.544
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Malinowski, D. P., J. C. Rudd, W. E. Pinchak and J. Baker. 2018. Determining morphological traits for selecting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with improved early-season forage production. J. Adv. Agric. 9:1508-1530.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Malinowski, D. P. , W. E. Pinchak, D.W. Pitta and B. R. Min. Solar radiation affects bloat potential of wheat forage. Act Agrobotanica.
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