Source: OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY submitted to NRP
MAINTAINING THE MOMENTUM OF EXPANDING SOUTHERN PLAINS WINTER CANOLA ACRES
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
OTHER GRANTS
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0230940
Grant No.
2012-38624-20253
Cumulative Award Amt.
$209,491.00
Proposal No.
2012-02717
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Sep 1, 2012
Project End Date
Aug 31, 2014
Grant Year
2012
Program Code
[HW]- Supplemental and Alternative Crops
Recipient Organization
OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY
(N/A)
STILLWATER,OK 74078
Performing Department
Plant & Soil Sciences
Non Technical Summary
Winter canola acreage has exploded in Oklahoma since 2008 by 138%. One hundred thirty thousand acres of winter canola was planted in Oklahoma alone during the 2011-2012 growing season. This rapid increase in Oklahoma is a direct result of an intense effort, the OKANOLA project, to introduce winter canola as a profitable alternative crop in the continuous winter wheat systems of Western Oklahoma. Over the last several years, five key barriers to expanding winter canola acres in the Southern Plains have been identified through constant communication between the OKANOLA project and producers. The barriers that have been identified include insect management, disease management, no-till canola management, systems management, and extension resources. With industry supplying winter hardy, high yielding cultivars for the region we can focus on these barriers in an effort to increase acres. Specific research objectives address the needs to determine the best managament practices for each barrier. This proposal is fully integrated between research, extension, and industry. Expansion of the OKANOLA program will take the research results to the producers in order to quickly and efficiently overcome the barriers listed, resulting in expanded acres in the Southern Plains. Without the strong extension component the research fall on deaf ears and no expansion of acres is realized. The foundation of a strong program is in place to expand winter canola acres in the Southern Plains.
Animal Health Component
60%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
10%
Applied
60%
Developmental
30%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
2051848113025%
2051848116025%
2051848106050%
Knowledge Area
205 - Plant Management Systems;

Subject Of Investigation
1848 - Canola;

Field Of Science
1060 - Biology (whole systems); 1130 - Entomology and acarology; 1160 - Pathology;
Goals / Objectives
Insect Management Objectives 1.Document the relationship between the intensity of diamondback moth larvae per plant and winter canola yield, and establish economic thresholds. 2.Develop a comprehensive and efficient scouting plan for monitoring all key and occasional insect pests of winter canola in the Southern Plains. 3.Document seasonal levels of systemic insecticide following seed treatments at planting. Disease Management Objectives 1.Determine the yield response of representative susceptible and resistant canola varieties to blackleg. 2.Screen canola varieties and breeding lines for resistance to blackleg. 3.Assess the effectiveness of foliar fungicide application on blackleg management. No-till Canola Management 1.Evaluate the effect of landscape position on no-till winter canola stands. 2.Evaluate cultivar selection as a tool for winter canola grown with wide (>15 inch) row spacing. Systems Management 1.Determine the most appropriate planting date canola in no-till and conventional tillage systems in the Rolling Plains. Extension 1.Increase winter canola acreage in the Southern Plains through expanding the OKANOLA project in Oklahoma and Texas. 2.Train Certified Crop Advisor (CCA's) for scouting winter canola issues. 3.Conduct on-farm participatory canola research.
Project Methods
Insect Mgt. Objectives Objective 1. The relationship between fall infestations of DBM and canola yield will be described from field data collected at two locations in Oklahoma with historically high populations of DBM. Objective 2. We have identified 10 canola fields throughout the western half of Oklahoma to sample during the upcoming growing season to describe seasonal activity of the insect pests in Oklahoma. These fields will be visually scouted every 7-21 days to document pest species and life stages. Disease Mgt. Objectives Objective 1. Cultivars representing a range of reactions to black leg including highly susceptible, moderately susceptible, and moderately resistant will be used. Canola varieties and breeding lines will be evaluated for resistance to black leg. Objective 2. The research will focus on identifying effective fungicides and determining the best timing for fungicide application. No-till Canola Mgt Objective 1. In the fall of 2011 two trial locations will be identified, one at the North Central Research Station near Lahoma, OK, and one at the Cimarron Valley Research Station near perkins, OK to evaluate the effect of row spacing on winter survival and seed yield. Rotational Systems/weed control Objective 1. Two locations will be chosen to determine the best herbicides to control volunteer canola in the fall, winter and spring. Objective 2. Using the most effective herbicides studies will be replicated experiments in the Rolling Plains, central and southern Texas. This will allow the comparison of effective herbicides in multiple environments and soil types. Extension Objective 1. We will build on the past success of the OKAONLA project. This involves continuing "on the ground" extension canola specialist. Objective 2. Train CCA's specific to canola scouting at the OSU Winter Crop School and conduct on-farm research involving CCA's.

Progress 09/01/12 to 08/31/14

Outputs
Target Audience: Winter Canola producers in Oklahoma, Texas and surrounding states. Crop Production and IPM professionals in Oklahoma, Texas and surrounding states. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Trained Certified Crop Advisor (CCA's) for scouting winter canola issues and use CCA's to conduct on farm research How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Winter canola requires intensive management and delivery of research findings from this project to current and prospective canola growers and production specialists in the region was critical for expansion of acreage. Over 800 producers (Mostly prospective canola producers) and Certified Crop Advisors were provided with canola production research results from this project at 9 extension meetings, and this represented a 60% increase in attendance from the previous year. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Winter canola is now an established and growing oilseed crop in Oklahoma and Texas, and despite continuing challenges, producers are: 1) effectively managing insect pests and plant diseases, 2) effectively growing canola in no-till systems with variable row-spacing, and 3) incorporating efficient herbicide rotations for control of broad-leaf and grassy weed infestations in the wheat/canola rotation. The research accomplishments associated with these objectives have also been effectively communicated to current and prospective canola growers and production specialists in the region. These efforts are a primary reason why winter canola acreage continues to increase. The objectives listed above are still considered barriers to expansion of winter canola in the region, but during the project we were able to demonstrate the following through on-farm research: 1) scouting for insects sporadic pests must occur throughout the season, 2) diamondback moth larvae should be suppressed at first detection, 3) systemic insecticide levels are too low to prevent spring pest infestations, 4) fungicides can be reliably used to reduce disease (Blackleg) severity and some available cultivars have moderate levels of resistance, and 5) unless strategically deploying canola in optimal fields at approved planting dates within the landscape, and using proven herbicide management approaches, reduced stands are likely in no-till systems, and small yield loss is expected for 30 inch rows. The OKANOLA program team members, the Oklahoma Oilseed Commission, and cooperating industry representatives (who work with the OKANOLA team) are the only sources of production and management information in the region, and continuing expansion of acreage is almost entirely related to efforts associated with this project. During this grant period, we documented and increase in winter canola acreage in the Southern Plains of 46% acres (USDA NASS), and continuing extension efforts are directly related to a 107% increase in acreage over a 2 year period.

Publications


    Progress 09/01/12 to 08/31/13

    Outputs
    Target Audience: Winter Canola producers in Oklahoma and Texas. Crop Production and IPM professionals in Oklahoma and Texas. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Trained Certified Crop Advisor (CCA's) for scouting winter canola issues and use CCA's to conduct on farm research How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Field days and annual canola conferences to over 500 stakeholders What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? Studies were completed on:1) how to manage insect pests and plant diseases, 2) whether canola can be effectively grown in no-till systems with variable row-spacing, and 3)the most efficient herbicide program for control of broad-leaf and grassy weed infestations in the rotation.The results of the studies were: 1) As a component of a comprehensive insect scouting plan, diamondback moths must be scouted for regularly, and are most profitably managed whensuppressed at first detection because developing larvae feed on crowns and reduce plant stands; 2) disease (Blackleg) severity is relatively low in Oklahoma and Texas and producers can utilize available cultivars and fungicides without significant yield loss; 3) producers will have reduced stands in no-till systems, and up to 10% yield loss when expanding from 15-30 inch rows; and 4) herbicide applications must occur within the first 6 weeks of production (Fall) and again in the spring for the most effective/profitable management of broad-leaf and grassy weeds in the canola-wheat rotation. Over 500 producers (Mostly prospective canola producers) and CCA’s were provided with results from this project at 15 extension meetings (Annual winter canola conference and 14 on-farm demonstration field days) which represents a 65% increase in attendance from the previous year. Currently, the OKANOLA program (some objectives funded by this grant), the Oklahoma Oilseed Commission, and cooperating industry representatives are the only sources (who work with the OKANOLA team) of production and management information for current and prospective canola producers in the region, and expansion of acreage is directly related to extension efforts associated with the cooperative efforts of these entities.During this grant period, we documented and increase in winter canola acreage to >300K acres, and much of this expansion is directly attributable to the delivery of production and management information associated with this grant.

    Publications

    • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Partners in Progress: Oilseed research at OSU 2013. Oklahoma State University. DASNR-OAES-OCES. Stillwater, OK.
    • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Bushong, J. 9th annual winter canola conferences. Handbook.
    • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: 2013. The OKANOLA Project: Challenges in Managing Insect Pests of Canola in the Southern Plains. Paper: Entomological Society of America. Austin, TX.
    • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: Canola University. Insect management and ID in canola. Enid, OK. March.
    • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: Canola Tour. Insect management in canola. Multiple locations, OK. April.
    • Type: Websites Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: http://canola.okstate.edu/