Source: NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY submitted to
INNOVATORS FROM MARGINALIZED COMMUNITIES: INTERACTIVE LABS WHICH HELP STUDENTS SEE THEMSELVES IN AGRICULTURAL CAREERS
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
ACTIVE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1026597
Grant No.
2021-77040-34879
Cumulative Award Amt.
$274,989.00
Proposal No.
2021-03353
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Aug 1, 2021
Project End Date
Jul 31, 2025
Grant Year
2021
Program Code
[NJ]- Hispanic Serving Institutions Education Grants Program
Recipient Organization
NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY
1620 STANDLEY DR ACADEMIC RESH A RM 110
LAS CRUCES,NM 88003-1239
Performing Department
Innovative Media Res. & Exten.
Non Technical Summary
This research-based project will develop online, interactive virtual labs that help students from marginalized communities see themselves in agricultural careers, while building conceptual understanding of agricultural science topics. The team will first investigate student experiences of belonging or not belonging in agricultural science or production. For example, when do students feel welcome or unwelcome in agricultural spaces? What assumptions do they hold about who does agricultural science or agricultural production? Based on findings, they will develop interactive labs which highlight contributions from historical innovators from underrepresented communities, and videos or animations which connect that work to similar work today. Completed labs will be distributed through college courses to expose students in multiple majors to ag-related careers, and promoted for distribution nationwide in middle and high school classes.Integrating culturally responsive teaching can make the agricultural field more appealing to youth and young people from communities of color (LaVergne et al., 2012; Vincent et al., 2012). Well-designed online interactive labs are impactful and effective educational tools, allowing students and gatekeepers to use them in informal or formal learning situations. Student learning and engagement will grow through the process of learning about the work of these agricultural innovators. Virtual labs also have a capacity to reach a much larger base of people than conventional on-campus educational activities (Ray et al., 2012). The educational digital tools designed for this proposal will transcend this project and be available to a wide range of stakeholders even after the research has been completed.
Animal Health Component
40%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
0%
Applied
40%
Developmental
60%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
90360503020100%
Goals / Objectives
Long term goals: Undergraduate students will expand their identity as someone with a potential careerin agriculture and may increase their interest in pursuing a career in agriculture.Activities for Proposed ApproachConduct formative research to identify biases students have held or experienced in others regarding traditionally held biases.Produce learning tools to be used at high school and undergraduate levels which engage learners with engaging activities which:Provide interactive learning experiences within multiple disciplines and careers.Showcase traditionally marginalized agriculturalists from the history of agriculture and in modern day work.Use culturally appropriate learning methods and are accessible to large groups of learners.Engage specialists from an advisory committee to ensure developed materials are usable, of interest to educators, and convey the right messaging.Share intervention with college classrooms through introductory classes in Plant and Environmental Sciences and Viewing a Wider World courses at a land-grant university. Explore sharing with broader audiences such as high school classes, extra-curricular programs, and community organizations.Measure the impact and outcomes of the learning tools on students' interest in agricultural careers, and their sense of belonging.
Project Methods
Plan of Operation and MethodologyActivity 1: Formative Research Informing DevelopmentIn Year 1 of the project, the team will conduct formative research on biases experienced by undergraduate students, including views they have about agricultural careers or biases they experience from others. Using a participatory action model in Fall, 2021, Anna Nelson will conduct at least three focus groups to 1) Identify biases and other factors impacting student choices to pursue agricultural careers; and 2) Craft programmatic recommendations to address these biases during implementation.Subjects: At least 30 students will be recruited using convenience sampling from Plant and Environmental classes as well as from Viewing the Wider World classes--elective, entry level courses with students from various majors not limited to the College of Agriculture, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences. Students will receive small cash stipends for their participation, and all research will be approved by the NMSU Institutional Review Board, with proper consent of participants.Methods and Analysis: Focus group sessions will be recorded, with notes and recordings transcribed. Data will then be reviewed using an iterative coding framework to analyze focus group transcripts and researcher notes. First cycle coding will identify themes addressing cultural, linguistic, gender-based and other biases and factors impacting student choices to pursue agricultural careers. Second-cycle focused coding and direct quotations will frame recommendations for addressing biases during program implementation. A member check will be used to validate data by sharing some findings with participants to ensure the findings accurately reflect what was discussed.Findings and Recommendations: A final report will then be shared with the project coordinator, advisory group and design team. The researcher will also share findings with teaching faculty.Activity 2: Produce Learning ToolsThe NMSU Learning Games Lab will lead the instructional design process and development of the interactive labs and videos. The design studio maintains an interactive design process where it carefully tests designs throughout all stages of development. Based on the Transformational Design Process (Chamberlin, Schell, 2018), the team identifies the desired change in the learner (such as knowledge, action, belief, etc.), and what kinds of activities result in that change (such as questioning what is known, being surprised by new information, or understanding content in a new context). Through a design summit with content specialists, the design team considers research, and previous experiences to draft initial designs of products, establish a design document, and work through initial scripting and storyboarding. The next step in the process involves a wireframe (most basic working) prototype for the entire grant team to review and critique, and for initial formative user testing. Once approved, the team moves into full production and cycles through testing, approvals and finalizing. Through out design and development the team is tasked with maximum consideration of accessibility standards and provides a variety of alternatives for users with different needs. The last stage is delivery and distribution. The team has had well established and highly productive methods via the web and national partners. During development, the team will engage in extensive formative testing of digital tools and progressive learning spaces. NMSU's Learning Games Lab is a user-testing research space, an exploratory environment for playing, evaluating games, and educational tools. Faculty researchers, project managers, designers and programmers conduct focus groups, engage in expert review and observe pilot testing. A team member will observe 1-2 users during testing, during which time the researchers are also observed. Detailed notes are recorded on the entire engagementprocess.This project depends on the successful translation of key content areas into impactful digital learning tools. Dr. Ivette Guzman will serve as subject matter expert to help guide development of learning tools. She and Anna Nelson will serve on the design team to provide consultation with animators, programmers and instructional designers throughout the project. An advisory committee will be convened annually to provide iterative support to the project in guiding research, design of modules, and dissemination of project at completion. Letters of collaboration from all additional advisory committee personnel are included. The advisory committee will be coordinated by the SOAR Center, with findings summarized for the project team and project reports by Dr. Rachel Boren. The Advisory Committee will include:Don Edgar, PhD, is a professor in Agricultural and Extension Education, College of Agriculture, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University. Dr. Edgar's professional interests include methods of teaching, learner-centered instructional design, and delivery strategies. Rachel Gioannini, APLD, is an Assistant Professor, Horticulture, in Plant and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University.Shelby Herrera is the Recruitment and Retention Program Coordinator for NMSU College of ACES. Working consistently with NMSU Admissions, the Departments within the College of ACES, and advising the ACES Ambassador program, she is able to recruit students from across the country and serve current NMSU students. Stephanie Hofacket is the Associate Director of Teaching and Learning, K-12 Science, Challenger Learning Center of Las Cruces Public Schools.Four student representatives will be named after funding (and recruited by Co-PD Ivette Guzman and Project Director Martinez) and will advise on general appeal and other considerations.Activity 3: Share InterventionLearning tools designed and developed through NMSU's Learning Games Lab will be freely available on a project website and demonstrated at national professional conferences, the annual HSI Project Directors Conference and the NMSU teaching academy. Project leaders will share the learning tools through introductory classes in Plant and Environmental Sciences, Viewing a Wider World classes, and programs such as the La Semilla Edible Education and learning gardens program in Las Cruces, Gadsden, and El Paso school districts. Advisory committee members who have contact with New Mexico schools will be encouraged to distribute them during recruiting events and in high school ag science programs. In addition, they will be widely distributed online (see Dissemination Plans). Past online educational tools produced by the team have been accessed more than 110 million times since 2011.Activity 4: Measure ImpactAt the end of each year and then at the end of the entire grant period, the evaluator will review the data collected to provide funders and project leadership with key statistics and other information to quantify participation and impact at each of those time points according to the outcomes of interest. This includes survey data that will be used to assess impact in year 4 with ~200 college students. This will take the form of a pre- and post- test after using the intervention (per our objectives), which will also be tallied and presented in these summative reports. All of these summative data will be compiled so that we can also assess if, and to what extent, perceptual changes occurred in students viewing and engaging with the learning tools and videos. These summative reports will primarily serve the purpose of describing the extent to which the desired outcomes were achieved by the end of the project, and will also examine if there are relationships between the interactive labs and student outcomes, differences according to student demographics, and changes in the baseline enrollment data reported elsewhere in this report.

Progress 08/01/23 to 07/31/24

Outputs
Target Audience: Nothing Reported Changes/Problems: The project's formative testing via focus groups proved challenging from the beginning of the award due to the worldwide shutdowns stemming from the pandemic. New Mexico State University's closure meant students were off campus, and Zoom sessions provided a limited number of students. Recruiting enough students to satisfy the intended number of participants was very difficult until they started coming back to campus. We were able to obtain students through campus organizations. It took almost a year to complete the focus groups. Again, the lead focus group researcher's unforeseen departure from NMSU for another academic institution in 2023, along with her new duties, did not allow time to complete the final analysis. The project director assumed the role, transcribed and organized all the focus group files, and is wrapping up the study. Our department head deferred the media development portion of this project because the production team needed to finish up two other federally funded projects in the spring of 2023. The project proceeded with what it could create: script writing and approvals, the workshop, the required PD meetings, and student support through conferences. We are now in full production and believe we can catch up on production delays. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Two undergraduate students, one graduate student, and one CO-PI attended the Society for Advancement of Chicanos/Hispanics & Native Americans in Science (SACNAS) conference in October 2023 in Seattle, Washington. The project director attended the USDA HSI Project Directors meeting and the Alliance of Hispanic Serving Institution Educators (AHSIE) in March 2024 in Monterey, California. The workshop from the Chile Pepper Institute horticulturalists allowed the content expert to provide training and lessons to researchers and designers regarding Chile hybridization interactive modules currently in production. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?The goals for Fall 2024: Complete the final report on focus group testing by the end of August 2024. Publish article by November 2024 Finish up the two learning tools: the Fabian Garcia animation (which includes two interactive modules) and the Roy Nakayama animation. Start and Finalize the script for Fabiola CdeBaca and complete this interactive by the end of the fall semester. Finalize decisions on who the modern equivalent of our historical figures are to create and finalize video scripts by mid-semester and begin video production to be complete by the start of spring 2024. Have more frequent project team meetings now that production is in full swing, a necessity to review products. Convene the advisory group by the of September. Since production is in full swing, more frequent project team meetings are necessary to review products. The PD will convene the advisory group by September.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? When considering a career in agriculture, students from underrepresented communities may hold misconceptions discouraging them from pursuing these fields. Our goal is to support and empower these students and help them see the wide range of opportunities available in agriculture. This project aims to research biases among students from diverse cultures in New Mexico and create better teaching tools. The ultimate goal of this project is to give students a view into the lives of professionals who came from marginalized communities and became stellar examples within agriculture while helping students see their place in agricultural careers by fostering representation, equity, and inclusion.In replicating some of the important research of Chile pioneer Fabián Garcia, outreach expert Fabiola C. de Baca, and plant breeder Roy Nakayama, students will understand the innovative research of these leaders, connect that innovation to modern-day equivalents, and potentially expand their view of who belongs in agriculture. Researchers conducted formative research to identify biases students have held or experienced in othersregarding traditionally held biases. There was a bit of a setback inthat the lead focus group researcher left NMSU for another academic institution and could not complete the study's analysis. The lead PD took on this work (transcribing, organizing, analyzing) and is in the final reporting stages. The production of learning tools for high school and undergraduate levels is underway. In 2023 - 2024, our department writer-editor has been conducting further research on the historical figures we showcase in the project. Fabian Garcia, Roy Nakayama, Fabiola CdeBaca. Based on this research and the workshop with the Chile Pepper Insitute, we now have two full animation scripts ready for production and one video script on Fabian Garcia's contributions to New Mexico State University. Provide interactive learning experiences acrossmultiple disciplines and careers. The Fabian Garcia interactive module maps out two interactive Chile hybridization activities. Showcasetraditionally marginalized agriculturalistsfrom the history of agricultureand modern-day work. One video script on Fabian Garcia's contributions to New Mexico State University has been written and is currently in production. Three researchers on this project have devised an Inclusive Design methodology for all of our production. This method addressesculturally appropriate learning methods and accessibility from the beginning of a project to ensure we reach large groups oflearners. We have yet to engage specialistsfrom an advisory committee to ensure that developed materials are usable,of interest to educators, and convey the right messaging. We only started wireframing production this summer, so we are not at the point of bringing in an advisory committee, will be contacted soon. I anticipate two prototype versions by September 2024. Will be conducted in year 4. Share intervention with collegeclassrooms through introductory classes in Plant andEnvironmental Sciences and Viewing a Wider World courses at a land-grant university. Exploresharing with broader audiences, such as high school classes, extra-curricular programs, andcommunity organizations. Will be conducted in year 4. Measure the impact and outcomesof the learning tools on students' interest in agriculturalcareers and their sense of belonging. Not mentioned as a goal above but we were given the opportunity to help anunderserved student support via this grant. The scholarship support of (25k) went to a graduate student has been completed. The award went to a Hispanic student over the course of 4 semesters. Following the workshop at the Chile Pepper Institute, our social media specialist edited and created a short video on Chile hybridization for distribution through social media and Facebook that has now garnered 1.4 million views on YouTube and 2,777 plays on Facebook.

Publications


    Progress 08/01/22 to 07/31/23

    Outputs
    Target Audience: Nothing Reported Changes/Problems:As PI, as we entered 2022, the university was still not completely functional and fully open. I could only obtain on-campus students in the fall of 2022 and into 2023, which slowed the project by about four months. However, we are back on track and got more students than we had proposed in the grant due to in-person focus groups. Additionally, we accomplished recruiting students from marginalized communities, such as Hispanic and Native American populations, which enriched the research significantly. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The post-doctoral researcher switched to a visiting professor in our department mid-year. As a junior faculty member, he continues gaining professional development experience by working on a federally funded grant alongside researchers who have worked on similar grants that build opportunities for underrepresented and minority students. The design summit provides an opportunity for the content expert/s to offer training and lessons to researchers and designers regarding the content provided within the products created for the project. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?This project's launch and initial research efforts have been documented and disseminated via the design summit to the creative team that will be developing the interactive tools proposed in the grant. Research into the backgrounds, lives, and agricultural innovations associated with the historical figures was shared with the New Mexico Farm & Ranch Heritage Museum, and formed the basis for an exhibit that opened June 2, 2023: "Beyond the Farm: Groundbreaking Agriculture." What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?The PI, researchers, and instructional designers will now begin work with the Innovative Media Research and Extension's creative team to develop the proposed interactive labs. The team will select the modern-day equivalents of the historical agriculturalist figures already defined. Design meetings throughout the remainder of 2022 and into 2023. Proceed with the design and development of products. Continue research efforts to identify modern-day ACES graduates who have made significant contributions to agriculture and select three inclusive of the products. Publish student focus group findings in a peer-reviewed journal. SOAR lab will continue with project evaluation.

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? The researchers completed the focus group portion of the formative research process to help identify biases students have held or experienced in others regarding traditionally held biases with student populations. Researchers are currently analyzing and finalizing data and preparing publications based on the focus groups. A design summit was held to prepare the developers as they begin the project's production phase starting in the fall of 2023. Researchers have continued investigating the lives, experiences, and contributions to agriculture of identified ag innovators and other communities and individuals from historically marginalized groups in our region and beyond.

    Publications


      Progress 08/01/21 to 07/31/22

      Outputs
      Target Audience: Nothing Reported Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The post-doctoral researcher is gaining professional development experience by working on a federally funded grant alongside researchers who have worked on similar grants that build opportunities for underrepresented and minority students. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The launch and initial efforts of this project have been documented and disseminated via a blog post on the NMSU Department of Innovative Media Research and Extension Media Production blog and via social media. ("USDA Hispanic Serving Institution Grant Awarded - Innovators from Marginalized Communities" https://www.innovativemediablog.nmsu.edu/post/usda-hispanic-serving-institution-grant-awarded-innovators-from-marginalized-communities). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Researchers have decided to continue with the focus groups in hopes to increase student participation as more students are becoming involved with university activities once again. Another round of focus groups are being conducted in August 2022 and early September 2022 with the same target audience, but will include Native American Student groups from within Indian Resources Development and American Indian Programs on campus because this student population has not been present in focus groups already conducted. A design summit will be scheduled for late September 2022. Proceed with the design and development of products once the new focus groups results have been analyzed and findings reported. Start tested and disseminate products into classrooms. Continue writing and research to identify historically significant ACES graduates who have made significant contributions to agriculture. Identify modern day agriculturalists who have graduated from NMSU ACES and who are currently making significant contributions. Publish student focus group findings.

      Impacts
      What was accomplished under these goals? The researchers have conducted formative research to identify biases students have held or experienced in others regarding traditionally held biases with student populations and academic and extension department heads and faculty involved with recruiting and job placement. Researchers have investigated further the lives, experiences, and contributions to agriculture of identified ag innovators as well as other communities and individuals from historically marginalized groups in our region and beyond. ?

      Publications