Source: UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE submitted to
AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL FINANCE MARKETS IN TRANSITION
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1020537
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
NC-_old1177
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2019
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2024
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE
2621 MORGAN CIR
KNOXVILLE,TN 37996-4540
Performing Department
Agricultural & Resource Economics
Non Technical Summary
U.S. agricultural production is critically and increasingly dependent on cost-effective access to capital, sustainable profitability and risk management practices, and prudent regulation of the financial system to continue to meet the food, fiber, and bio-energy demands of the U.S. and the world. Currently, the combination of relative low food prices, agribusinesses and farmers having relative high levels of debt, and the prospect of increased tariffs on agricultural commodities, lead many to wonder if U.S. agriculture is more vulnerable to financial distress or on the brink of another 1980s-type agricultural bust.The ultimate goal of this Hatch/Muti-state project is to provide scientific knowledge related to management strategies, risk mitigating strategies, and firm characteristics that affect profitability of US firms in the food and agribusiness sector. A better understanding of the financial aspects of agribusinesses should provide insights to ultimately improve the functioning of agricultural and rural financial markets. Producers, rural residents, and businesses should benefit through increased performance and reduced business risk. One key to successfully addressing the objective of this project (i.e., to evaluate the management strategies, capital needs, and policies impacting the financial performance and long-term sustainability of firms in the food and agribusiness sector) is to utilize national level data sets designed to understand the financial situation of farms and agribusinesses. Standard & Poor's databases containing detailed financial accounting and market information will be used to analyze publicly traded agribusinesses. Additionally, possibilities to use the USDA's Economic Research Service's Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS), which is arguably the most definitive data on the financial structure and characteristics of the farm sector, will be explored. The data will be analyzed with accepted statistical procedures.
Animal Health Component
100%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
100%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
60262203010100%
Goals / Objectives
Evaluate the management strategies, capital needs, and policies impacting the financial performance and long-term sustainability of firms in the food and agribusiness sector.
Project Methods
The objective of this project is to evaluate the management strategies, capital needs, and policies impacting the financial performance and long-term sustainability of firms in the food and agribusiness sector. One key to successfully addressing the objective of this project is to utilize a variety of data sets designed to understand the financial situation of farms and agribusinesses. We plan to use Standard & Poor's databases containing detailed financial accounting and market information to analyze publicly traded agribusinesses. Additionally, we will explore possibilities to use the USDA's Economic Research Service's Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS), which is arguably the most definitive data on the financial structure and characteristics of the farm sector. Additionally, for financial economic analysis of enterprises in prospective industries where no historical or ample data exists -examples of this are bio-fuel for the aviation industry and cage-free eggs production-, parameter estimates from the literature will be used. Whenever possible, panel and/or pseudo-panels will be constructed and analyzed with well-known and accepted econometric, simulation, and/or optimization procedures. The theoretical basis used to frame the research outputs of this regional research group are drawn from the theory of finance and credit markets.

Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience includes researchers and graduate students interested in agricultural economics and agricultural or agribusiness finance problems. Research products related to this project were presented in annual meetings of the following scholarly associations: the 19th International Business and Economy Conference, the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association 30th (virtual) Annual Meeting, and the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association 2020 (virtual) Annual Meeting. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Results from the research conducted can be adapted and used in the classroom. During the reported period (2019/2020), research findings were adapted into class materials for Advanced Agribusiness Finance (AREC 512), a graduate class taught at the University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture during the fall 2020. Data from Cal-Maine Foods Inc., the largest U.S. shell eggs producer and from the eggs industry at large, were used in the classroom to illustrate how to conduct financial analysis and capital investment valuation, motivated by potential shift from conventional to cage-free egg production in the U.S. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results in Trejo-Pech et. al (2020), paper reported in the Products Section of this report, were discussed in a press release by the American Sugar Alliance (https://sugaralliance.org/new-report-finds-no-evidence-that-u-s-sugar-program-harms-profitability-of-sugar-using-companies/15971?fbclid=IwAR0rGtg8NXjIccwm6ZfxtNntENn7v6c3vO4aWrENjDaTm2R1izbZtsYL6vg). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?I plan to continue conducting research focused on the major goal of this project. For instance, a graduate student under my supervision is conducting research to financially evaluate strategies improving profitability of small broiler farmers from Rwanda using an extended database. The study would compare results of a previous published study, which included a pilot sample, with results from an extensive sample over an extended time period.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? My research work evaluates management strategies that contribute to the understanding of long term sustainability of food and agribusiness companies. I am particularly interested in examining the financial and risk components of firm management, including capital needs, financial performance, and managerial strategies associated with agribusiness and agricultural enterprises. There are several analyses estimated, and published in scholarly journals, that support the goals of the project. The analyses discussed next have increased the knowledge base of graduate students and academics mainly. In particular, the outputs in Kenner et. al (2019), paper reported in the Products Section of this report, increased the understanding on how to value profitability and risk of alternative production strategies that small farmers can follow in broiler production. Similarly, the outputs in Trejo-Pech and White (2020), paper reported in the Products Section of this report, could be used by scholars, policy makers, or egg producers as a framework to compare profitability and risk of egg shell production, which is particularly relevant given potential shift from conventional (caged hens) production to cage-free production in the U.S. In addition to dissemination of results in scientific journals, results of this research were presented at research conferences organized by scholarly associations.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Trejo-Pech, C., DeLong, K., Lambert, D., and Siokos, V. (2020). The Impact of US Sugar Prices on the Financial Performance of US Sugar-Using Firms. Agricultural and Food Economics, 8(16): 1-17.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Trejo-Pech, C. and White, S. (2020). Capital Budgeting Analysis of a Vertically Integrated Egg Firm: Conventional and Cage-Free Egg Production. Applied Economics Teaching Resources, 2(4): 34-46.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Kenner, B., Lambert, D., Trejo-Pech, C., Thompson, J., and Gill, T. (2019). Financial Risks in Rwandan Smallholder Broiler Production. Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies, 9(5):569-583.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Accepted Year Published: 2020 Citation: Trejo-Pech, C., Servin-Juarez, R., Stripling, C., Reyes-Duarte, A., and Rodr�guez-Padr�n, B. What variables influence the likelihood of becoming a coffee cooperative member? Selected Paper Presentation. International Food and Agribusiness Management Association 30th Annual Meeting. Virtual conference, September 22-24, 2020.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Choi, Y., Lambert, D., and Trejo-Pech, C. Mergers, Acquisition and Market Power: The Case of the U.S. Agribusiness Selected Poster Presentation. Agricultural and Applied Economics Association Annual Meeting 2020. Virtual conference, July 26-28, 2020.