LANDSCAPE CHANGE AND THE IMPACT ON MAINEÿ¿ÿ¿ÿ¿ÿ¢ÿ¿ÿ¿ÿ¿ÿ¿ÿ¿ÿ¿ÿ¿ÿ¿S BIRD POPULATIONS

• Sponsoring Institution: National Institute of Food and Agriculture
• Project Status: TERMINATED
• Funding Source: HATCH
• Reporting Frequency: Annual
• Accession No.: 1010227
• Project No.: ME021710
• Project Start Date: Oct 1, 2016
• Project End Date: Sep 30, 2021

Project Director
Olsen, BR.

Recipient Organization
UNIVERSITY OF MAINE
(N/A)
ORONO,ME 04469

Performing Department
School of Biology & Ecology

Non Technical Summary
The single defining challenge to our modern biological resources is one of rapid landscape evolution. Changes in state laws and economic realities are shaping farming, forestry, marine harvesting practices, and rural development; and changes in our climate are altering growing days, precipitation regimes, and sea level. This new, complex reality presents a major hurdle to the preservation of our state's biological resources, as we have known them. To manage these impacts and make informed choices concerning the tradeoffs between biological conservation, economic prosperity, and the Maine ways of life, we need to understand what species and communities are most at risk to different disturbances. What we desperately need are comprehensive, multi-species approaches to predict where the tipping points are for species and communities experiencing complex, multifaceted change.The proposed project would serve the needs of many of Maine's citizens. The project's ultimate goal, to maintain a sustainable, viable, and diverse avian community within the state, will preserve an important part of Maine's rural sense of place. Birds, birdsong, and the recreational opportunities they represent are an important backdrop to Maine's natural setting. One can barely picture a camping trip in the Northwoods without thinking of a calling loon, or a hunting trip through the Kennebec Valley without the flurry of waterfowl and the explosion of grouse wings, or a hike up Katahdin without the orchestral backdrop of one of the most diverse warbler communities in the continent. Indeed, ecotourism, especially for bird-watchers, is a quickly growing industry in Maine (Duchesne 2009), and one, like many other outdoor industries, that is likely to provide disproportionate support for rural and isolated communities.The desire to preserve these iconic visions of the Maine outdoors, however, can motivate grass-roots movements that are over-reaching in their methods, restrictive to local industry and land-use, and potentially unnecessary to achieve the stated conservation aims. The results of this proposed project will inform tradeoffs between preservation and other land uses by describing or predicting the tipping points for avian community viability in a suite of habitats across the state. A more informed decision-making process will therefore benefit the sectors of the state's economy that are enriched by ecotourism asas well as the sectors that are enriched by resource extraction and development.

Animal Health Component

0%

Research Effort Categories

Basic

50%

Applied

50%

Developmental

0%

Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)	Subject of Investigation (SOI)	Field of Science (FOS)	Percent
135	0820	1070	100%

Knowledge Area
135 - Aquatic and Terrestrial Wildlife;

Subject Of Investigation
0820 - Wild birds;

Field Of Science
1070 - Ecology;

Keywords

sea-level rise

landscape change

birds

tidal marsh

migration

conservation

rockweed

Goals / Objectives
I have two, broad research objectives, which include:1. To describe plasticity in bird behaviors, morphology, and habitat associations to help predict adaptation to changing climate and landscapes. Examples could include:a. The importance of landscape connectivity for maintaining genetic variance and the adaptive capacity of songbird populationsb. Describing niche plasticity and evolution across tidal-marsh songbirdsc. Exploring the changing linkages between fruiting phenology and trophic interactions with migrating songbirds experiencing altered migratory timing2. To model or experimentally test the responses of birds to particular landscape changes of interest. Possible particular projects could include:a. Experimental tests of marsh restoration and artificial construction to maintain viable tidal-marsh-bird populations in the face of sea-level riseb. Experimental tests of rockweed harvest techniques to predict the impacts on bird habitat usec. Simulation models of bird migration under alternate climate change scenarios in various landscape arrangements

Project Methods
i. The Viability of the Tidal Marsh Bird CommunityWith active financial support from multiple federal sources ($2.3 million) and the efforts of Co-PI's from the Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife (Thomas Hodgman), the University of New Hampshire (Adrienne Kovach), the University of Connecticut (Chris Elphick), SUNY-ESF (Jonathan Cohen), and the University of Delaware (Gregory Shriver), we have begun a large-scale project to quantify the resiliency of the tidal-marsh bird populations of the Northeastern US in the face of sea-level rise and oceanic storms. Further, we are assessing the efficacyof marsh restoration projects from Massachusetts to New Jersey (using control areas from Maine to Virginia) following Hurricane Sandy. These projects represent a menu of restoration options to support bird populations, and their implementation is meant to increase coastal resiliency not just to Hurricane Sandy, but sea-level rise as well. Identifying cost-effective solutions will thus allow for their implementation in Maine and elsewhere to maintain viable bird populations in the face of climate and coastal change. We have completed fieldwork by the end of August 2016 and will continue analysis and interpretation until early 2017.In collaboration with Adrienne Kovach (UNH) I am also quantifying the adaptive potential of tidal-marsh sparrow populations across New England to sea-level rise. Our central goal is to understand how evolutionarily labile niches are and whether evolutionary rescue is possible for two tidal-marsh specialists that show broad declines across their range in response to sea-level rise. We are currently co-advising three graduate students (Meaghan Conway at UMaine, and Jennifer Hill and Logan Cline at UNH) who are each measuring different aspects of the genotypic and phenotypic variation in isolated sparrow populations across numerous river systems of New England. Student projects are just beginning and are anticipated to continue through at least the next three years. The phenotypic and niche modeling work will occur primarily in my lab, while the genotypic and connectivity work (Objective 1a) will occur primarily in the landscape genetics lab of Dr. Kovach. This research objective will be a main focus of grant writing over the next two years in addition to forming the core of the three graduate student theses listed above.ii. The Effect of Rockweed Harvest on Coastal BirdsWith a recent award from the US Fish and Wildlife Service ($15,000) and partnered support from the Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife (Lindsay Tudor), Maine Coastal Islands National Wildlife Refuge (Linda Welch), Acadia National Park (Bruce Connery), and the Maine Natural History Observatory (Glen Mittlehauser), we are currently designing surveys to assess bird use of rockweed patches and the effects of rockweed harvest. A M.S. student in my lab (Amy Baron) will conduct field work over the upcoming year and conduct analyses during 2017-2018.iii. The Effect of Landscape Evolution on Bird MigrationWith logistical and financial support from Biodiversity Research Institute (David Evers) a Ph.D. student will begin in my lab in early 2016 (Carrie Gray) to study the migratory route of red-throated loons from the Arctic to winter grounds off the Mid-Atlantic US using satellite tagging data collected over the previous five years. In conjunction with Peter Koons (UMaine) we will study the implications of this route in light of the evolution of the North American landscape since the last glacial maximum, allowing us to extrapolate for anticipated climate changes. Carrie will work on modeling these processes for at least the next three years. Similar modeling work is on-going between Peter Koons, myself, Sean Birkel (the Maine state climatologist), and Jennifer McCabe (a recent Ph.D. graduate of mine) to predict changes in songbird migration routes across the Gulf of Maine under alternative climate scenarios. The base models of bird behavior have been built (manuscripts to be submitted shortly) and we will begin work on the necessary modifications to incorporate future scenarios over the next two years.With logistical and financial support from the University of Massachusetts (Richard Feldman) and Acadia National Park (Seth Benz), we are studying plant and migratory bird phenology at two sites on the Schoodic Peninsula during fall migration. One field season is complete and we will use this preliminary data to apply for future funding and a graduate student in the year to come.

Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/21

Outputs
Target Audience:The project served the needs of many of Maine's citizens. The project's ultimate goal, to maintain a sustainable, viable, and diverse avian community within the state, will preserve an important part of Maine's rural sense of place. The immediate target audience is for those conservation practitioners and large land-holders who are interested in maintaining the state's avifauna. Birds, birdsong, and the recreational opportunities they represent are an important backdrop to Maine's natural setting. Indeed, ecotourism, especially for bird- watchers, is a quickly growing industry in Maine (Duchesne 2009. Maine Birding Trail. Down East Press, Rockport), and one, like many other outdoor industries, that is likely to provide disproportionate support for rural and isolated communities. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Professional training has been provided for one post-doc, one MS student, six PhD students,and 21 undergraduates. Further we developed a plan to increase the robustness and reach of our undergraduate mentoring program, with a multi-semester class that allows students to build research skills and write a thesis for their capstone. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Our results have been disseminated to the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the Atlantic Coast Joint Venture (ACJV, a group of state, federal, and non-governmental conservation agencies), and the State of Maine Department of Marine Resources. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? This project continued to focus in its final year on the evaluation of tidal marsh restoration techniques, the determination of drivers of tidal marsh bird adaptive capacity, and the exploration of impacts of rockweed harvesting on intertidal birds and invertebrates.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Ruskin, KJ, G Herring, C Eagles-Smith, A Eiklor, C Elphick, M Etterson, C Field, R Longenecker, A Kovach, WG Shriver, J Walsh, BJ Olsen. 2021. Mercury exposure of tidal marsh songbirds in the northeastern United States and its association with nest survival. Ecotoxicology. doi: 10.1007/s10646-021-02488-1.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Wood, ZT, AK Wiegardt, KL Barton^, JD Clark^, JJ Homola, BJ Olsen, BL King, AI Kovach, MT Kinnison. 2021. Meta-analysis: Congruence of genomic and phenotypic differentiation across diverse natural study systems. Evolutionary Applications. doi: 10.1111/eva.13264
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Sayers, CJ, MR Roeder, L Forrette, D Roche, GLB Dupont, SE Apgar, AR Kocek, AM Cook, WG Shriver, CS Elphick, BJ Olsen, DN Bonter. Geographic variation of mercury in breeding tidal marsh sparrows of the northeastern United States. Ecotoxicology 30:19291940. doi: 0.1007/s10646-021-02461-y.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Johnston, EM, AJ Klemmer, EJ Blomberg, A Baron^, VK Watson^, BJ Olsen. 2021. Macroalgae composition in rocky intertidal habitats alters occupancy of multiple bird guilds. Marine Ecology Progress Series 659:29-47. doi: 10.3354/meps13619
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Klingbeil, BT, JB Cohen, MD Correll, CR Field, TP Hodgman, AI Kovach, EE Lentz, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver, WA Wiest, CS Elphick. 2021. High uncertainty over the future of tidal marsh birds under current sea-level rise projections. Biodiversity and Conservation.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Maxwell, L, J Walsh, BJ Olsen, and AI Kovach. 2021. Patterns of introgression vary within an avian hybrid zone. BMC Evolutionary Biology 21(4). doi: 10.1186/s12862-021-01749-1.

Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20

Outputs
Target Audience:The proposed project serves the needs of many of Maine's citizens. The project's ultimate goal, to maintain a sustainable, viable, and diverse avian community within the state, will preserve an important part of Maine's rural sense of place. The immediate target audience is for those conservation practitioners and large land-holders who are interested in maintaining the state's avifauna. Birds, birdsong, and the recreational opportunities they represent are an important backdrop to Maine's natural setting. Indeed, ecotourism, especially for bird- watchers, is a quickly growing industry in Maine (Duchesne 2009. Maine Birding Trail. Down East Press, Rockport), and one, like many other outdoor industries, that is likely to provide disproportionate support for rural and isolated communities. Changes/Problems:We were unable to execute much of the planned field research during the 2020 field season due to the pandemic. We have worked with the program officers of our various funding agencies to reschedule the work. Luckily, it was not the last year of any of our grants and we will be able to make up for the data loss in 2021, as long as we are able to reschedule field work. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?During the previous period the project provided professional training for one post-doc, one MS student, six PhD students,and 21 undergraduates. Further we developed a plan to increase the robustness and reach of our undergraduate mentoring program, with a multi-semester class that allows students to build research skills and write a thesis for their capstone. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?In addition to scientific publications, we have worked extensively with the US Fish and Wildlife Service and the Atlantic Coast Joint Venture (ACJV), which is a group of state, federal, and non-governmental conservation agencies. Using largely our data, the ACJV has put together comprehensive conservation management plans for 1) Saltmarsh Sparrow and 2) Tidal marsh birds of the Atlantic Coast. The ACJV has also listed Saltmarsh Sparrow, American Black Duck, and Black Rail as the only three species of their greatest conservation focus. This decision was strongly informed by our data and the conservation actions they prescribe are strongly influenced by the results of this NIFA project (and the prior one). Both black rail and saltmarsh sparrow are currently being considered for listing under the federal Endangered Species Act, using results of this NIFA project. We have also colloborated extensively with Coastwise, which is a coastal planning program of the Maine Department of Marine Resources. Working with Coastwise, we are designing best practices and potential policies to increase the coastal resiliency and lessen the environmental impact of tidal marsh road crossings. We hope the result of these efforts, which rely strongly on the data from this NIFA project, will help preserve tidal marsh bird populations in Maine, will increase the ability for coastal municipalities to maintain storm-surge absorbing tidal marshes, and will serve as a model for states across the Northeast US. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?While this is the last progress report of this NIFA project, the following externally funded efforts are on-going: The evaluation of tidal marsh restoration techniques The determination of drivers of tidal marsh bird adaptive capacity The exploration of impacts of rockweed harvesting on intertidal birds and invertebrates

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Tidal Marshes The third year of surveys under a 7-year grant through the USFWS (to survey for tidal marsh health in restored and control marshes across the Northeastern US Seaboard - Goal #2) was cancelled due to the pandemic. During this summer we completed an analysis plan to test a method to rapidly assess bird demography in tidal marshes using only a few visits to the site (Goal #2). The second field season of a 4-year grant through NSF EPSCoR to study the limits and drivers of adaptation to change in coastal birds was largely curtailed (Goal #1). We were able to perfect field methods to measure the thermoregulatory abilities of sparrows under changing temperatures at a subset of sites in Maine. We also successfully developed a lab protocol for isolating bacterial and fungal DNA from bird feathers (Goal #1). This will allow us to examine linkages between feather microbiomes, feather degredation, plumage color, and bird fitness. In the last reporting period we published four peer-reviewed manuscripts and submitted an additional three for review. Bird Migration We published one manuscript that describes changes in mercury exposure risk for songbirds during migration (Goal #1). We also completed a draft for one manuscript on modeling the migratory movements of Red-throated Loons, finished the analysis and began drafting a second, and have analytical plans for two more (Goal #2). Rocky Intertidal We conducted a field season surveying bird and invertebrate use of rocky intertidal habitats following rockweed harvest by four industry partners (Goal #2). We also continued to monitor dataloggers of environmental conditions in Ascophyllum dominated habitats (Goal #2). We wrote a manuscript describing bird use of rocky intertidal habitats as a function of the macroalgal community, submitted it for publication, and received notice recently that it has been accepted pending revisions (Goal #1).

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Adams, EM, KA Williams, BJ Olsen, DC Evers. 2020. Mercury exposure in migrating songbirds: correlations with physical condition. Ecotoxicology. doi: 10.1007/s10646-020-02190-8.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Marshall, H, EJ Blomberg, V Watson, M Conway, JB Cohen, MD Correll, CS Elphick, TP Hodgman, AR Kocek, AI Kovach, WG Shriver, WA Wiest, BJ Olsen. 2020. Horizon angle and edge avoidance predict Saltmarsh Sparrow abundance better than habitat area. The Condor: Ornithological Applications. doi: 10.1093/condor/duaa019.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Ladin, ZS, WA Wiest, MD Correll, EL Tymkiw, M Conway^, BJ Olsen, CS Elphick, WL Thompson, WG Shriver. 2020. Detection of local-scale population declines through optimized tidal marsh bird monitoring design. Global Ecology and Conservation. doi: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01128.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2020 Citation: Johnston, EM, AJ Klemmer, EJ Blomberg, A Baron^, VK Watson^, BJ Olsen. Accepted with Revision. Macroalgae composition in rocky intertidal habitats alters occupancy of multiple bird guilds. Marine Ecology Progress Series.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2020 Citation: Pintar, MR, BJ Olsen. In Review. Trophic-mediated effects of landscape acidification on Ovenbirds, Seiurus aurocapilla. Northeastern Naturalist.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2020 Citation: Maxwell, L, J Walsh, BJ Olsen, and AI Kovach. In Review. Spatial variation in patterns of introgression across an avian hybrid zone. BMC Evolutionary Biology.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2020 Citation: Wood, ZT, AK Wiegardt, KL Barton, JD Clark, JJ Homola, BJ Olsen, BL King, AI Kovach, MT Kinnison. In Review. Congruence of genomic and phenotypic divergence among diverse study systems. Evolutionary Applications.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2020 Citation: Conway, M and BJ Olsen. In Review. Specialism is not an evolutionary dead-end: Transition rate estimates between generalists and specialists across a New World clade. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2020 Citation: Kocek, AR, CS Elphick, TP Hodgman, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen, KJ Ruskin, WG Shriver, JB Cohen. In Review. Flexibility in nest site selection improves nest success of tidal marsh sparrows in urban surroundings. Avian Conservation and Ecology.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2020 Citation: Klingbeil, BT, JB Cohen, MD Correll, CR Field, TP Hodgman, AI Kovach, EE Lentz, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver, WA Wiest, CS Elphick. In Press. High uncertainty over the future of tidal marsh birds under current sea-level rise projections. Biodiversity and Conservation.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: McKnight, A, DB Irons, CS Loftin, ST McKinney, BJ Olsen. 2020. Combined influence of intrinsic and environmental factors in shaping productivity in a small pelagic gull, the black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Marine Ecology Progress Series 633:207-223. doi: 10.3354/meps13162.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Conway, M, BJ Olsen. 2019. Contrasting drivers of diversification rates on islands and continents across three Passerine families. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286(1915): 9pp. doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.1757.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Roeder, MR, AI Kovach, and BJ Olsen. October 2019. Thermoregulation strategies differ across closely related taxa in a highly saline environment. Joint meeting of the Association of Field Ornithologists and the Wilson Ornithological Society. Cape May, New Jersey.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Kovach, AI, BJ Olsen, K Cammen, S Frey, B King, M Kinnison, M Smith, K Thomas, A Westbrook, L Fenderson, Z Wood^, K Barton, J Clark, A Hotopp^, E Patterson, M Roeder^. October 2019. Genomic ecology of coastal organisms (GECO): Using tidal marsh birds to study genome-phenome relationships in the wild. Joint meeting of the Association of Field Ornithologists and the Wilson Ornithological Society. Cape May, New Jersey.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Wiegardt, A, Z Wood^, K Barton, J Clark^, J Homola, BJ Olsen, M Kinnison, AI Kovach. October 2019. The relationship between phenotypic and genomic divergence under selection. Joint meeting of the Association of Field Ornithologists and the Wilson Ornithological Society. Cape May, New Jersey.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Elphick, CS, C Field, J Cohen, B Klingbeil, AI Kovach, KJ Ruskin, BJ Olsen, and WG Shriver. September 2020. Endangered species and chronic climate change: can we prevent the extinction of tidal marshbirds? The National Coastal and Estuarine Virtual Summit (virtual).
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Shriver, WG, E Tymkiw, CS Elphick, BJ Olsen, AI Kovach, J Cohen, KJ Ruskin, MR Roeder^. August 2020. Assessing the effects of salt marsh restoration on breeding birds in the Northeast, USA. Seventh quadrennial meeting of the North American Ornithological Conference. San Juan, Puerto Rico (virtual).
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Sayers, CJ, MR Roeder^, L Forrette, D Roche, GL Dupont, S Apgar, AR Kocek, AM Cook, WG Shriver, CS Elphick, BJ Olsen, DN Bonter. August 2020. Geographic variation of mercury in breeding tidal marsh sparrows of the Northeastern United States. Seventh quadrennial meeting of the North American Ornithological Conference. San Juan, Puerto Rico (virtual).
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Adams, E, A Roth, G Mittelhauser, BJ Olsen, A Leppold. August 2020. Which surveys tell the whole story? Comparing atlas data to roadside point counts. Seventh quadrennial meeting of the North American Ornithological Conference. San Juan, Puerto Rico (virtual).
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Guido, NA^, MD Correll, BJ Olsen, J Bernath-Plaisted, AO Panjabi, KJ Ruskin. August 2020. Habitat use of juvenile Bairds and Grasshopper Sparrows in the Northern Great Plains. Seventh quadrennial meeting of the North American Ornithological Conference. San Juan, Puerto Rico (virtual).
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Johnston, EM^, AJ Klemmer, RL Mau, JT Foster, GH Mittelhauser, BJ Olsen. August 2020. Using fecal metabarcoding to reconstruct the winter diet of a declining shorebird species. Seventh quadrennial meeting of the North American Ornithological Conference. San Juan, Puerto Rico (virtual).
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Barton K^, Kovach A, Olsen BJ, King BL. April 2020. Complements and expression of microRNAs within and between tidal marsh sparrow species. 47th Maine Biological and Medical Sciences Symposium. Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salisbury Cove, Maine.

Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19

Outputs
Target Audience:The proposed project serves the needs of many of Maine's citizens. The project's ultimate goal, to maintain a sustainable, viable, and diverse avian community within the state, will preserve an important part of Maine's rural sense of place. The immediate target audience is for those conservation practitioners and large land-holders who are interested in maintaining the state's avifauna. Birds, birdsong, and the recreational opportunities they represent are an important backdrop to Maine's natural setting. Indeed, ecotourism, especially for bird- watchers, is a quickly growing industry in Maine (Duchesne 2009.Maine Birding Trail. Down East Press, Rockport), and one, like many other outdoor industries, that is likely to provide disproportionate support for rural and isolated communities. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?During the previous period the project provided professional training for one post-doc, five MS students, five PhD students, and 17 undergraduates. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?We have been in regular contact through phone conversations and reports to the Atlantic Coast Joint Venture, US Fish and Wildlife Service, and a team of stakeholders of the intertidal in Maine What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?To continue to make progress on the project goals in the next year, my supervisees and I will: Draft two manuscripts on bird use of the rocky intertidal zone with a consideration of the impact of rockweed harvesting Draft three manuscripts on the migration ecology of red-throated loons Draft two manuscripts on the habitat requirements of grassland sparrows Conduct surveys of birds in tidal marshes (Massachusetts to Virginia) that have experienced different restoration techniques Conduct detailed demographic field studies of tidal marsh sparrows in Maine, New Hampshire, Connecticut, and New Jersey to investigate adaptation to a changing environment Develop and validate a new survey technique to assess the value of tidal marshes for sparrow reproduction across the Northeast US Present ongoing results of multiple projects at an international ornithological conference in Puerto Rico

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Tidal Marshes Conducted the second year of surveys under a 7-year grant through the USFWS to survey for tidal marsh health in restored and control marshes across the Northeastern US Seaboard. Further trialed a new field method to rapidly assess bird demography in tidal marshes using only a few visits to the site. Began the first field season of a 4-year grant through NSF EPSCoR to study the limits and drivers of adaptation to change in coastal birds. Published four peer-reviewed manuscripts. Bird Migration I published one manuscript that describes changes in bird condition as a function of stopover habitats across coastal Maine. Completed analysis for one manuscript on the migratory movements of Red-throated Loons across the Atlantic flyway and finished analytical plans for three more. Rocky Intertidal Held stakeholder meeting with industry, agency, regulator, and conservation stakeholders of the rocky intertidal to present our research plans. Conducted a field season surveying bird use of and behavior in rocky intertidal habitats, deployed data loggers to record environmental conditions in Ascophyllum dominated habitats and began to develop a predictive model of bird use. Worked with four industry partners to experimentally harvest 100m-long sections of shoreline.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2019 Citation: Ladin, ZS, WA Wiest, MD Correll, M Conway, BJ Olsen, CS Elphick, EL Tymkiw, WL Thompson, WG Shriver. In Review. Optimizing tidal marsh bird monitoring to detect site-level declines in the Northeast, USA. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2019 Citation: Benvenuti, B, DM Burdick, KM OBrien, CS Elphick, BJ Olsen, JB Cohen, AI Kovach. In Review. Can artificial floating habitat islands prevent nest flooding of tidal-marsh nesting birds? Ecological Engineering.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2019 Citation: Klingbeil, BT, JB Cohen, MD Correll, CR Field, TP Hodgman, AI Kovach, EE Lentz, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver, WA Wiest, CS Elphick. In Review. High uncertainty over the future of tidal marsh birds under current sea-level rise projections. Biodiversity and Conservation.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2019 Citation: Grunzel, D, BJ Olsen. In Review. Longer distance migrant passerines are more averse to predation risk during migration. Animal Migration.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Conway, M, BJ Olsen. June 2019. Is specialism an evolutionary dead-end? Estimates of transition rates between generalism and specialism in a New World clade. 137th Stated Meeting of the American Ornithological Society. Anchorage, Alaska.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Kocek, AR, CS Elphick, TP Hodgman, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen, KJ Ruskin, WG Shriver, JB Cohen. June 2019. Conservation of tidal marsh sparrows in an urban setting referencing range wide nesting occurrence. 137th Stated Meeting of the American Ornithological Society. Anchorage, Alaska.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Ruskin, KJ, VK Watson, BJ Olsen. June 2019. Patterns of nestling growth rates in tidal marsh sparrows mirror colonization of specialist habitat. 137th Stated Meeting of the American Ornithological Society. Anchorage, Alaska.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2020 Citation: Marshall, H, EJ Blomberg, V Watson, M Conway, JB Cohen, MD Correll, CS Elphick, TP Hodgman, AR Kocek, AI Kovach, WG Shriver, WA Wiest, BJ Olsen. In Press. Horizon angle and edge avoidance predict Saltmarsh Sparrow abundance better than habitat area. The Condor: Ornithological Applications.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Guido, NA, MD Correll, KJ Ruskin, BJ Olsen, J Bernath-Plaisted. June 2019. Innovations in measuring habitat: Nest-site selection of grassland songbirds in northern mixed-grass prairies. 137th Stated Meeting of the American Ornithological Society. Anchorage, Alaska.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Mittelstaedt, H, EM Johnston, H Webber, A Baron, J Muhlin, BJ Olsen, A Klemmer. August 2019. Bottom-up effects of seaweed harvest on intertidal food webs. Canadian Society for Ecology and Evolution. Fredericton, New Brunswick.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Elphick, CS, CR Field, KJ Ruskin, JB Cohen, TP Hodgman, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver. July 2019. Using demographic simulations to understand the resilience of conservation priority species to extreme weather and other disturbance events. 29th International Congress for Conservation Biology. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Shriver, WG, JB Cohen, MD Correll, CS Elphick, CR Field, AI Kovach, B Klingbeil, BJ Olsen, KJ Ruskin, WA Wiest, SG Roberts. May 2019. Conservation status of tidal marsh sparrows in the Northeast, USA. Society of Wetland Scientists. Baltimore, Maryland.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Elphick, CS, BJ Olsen. April 2019. (Special Session Co-chairs) Saltmarsh Sparrow Conservation and Management. 75th Annual Meeting of the Northeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. Groton, Connecticut.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Elphick, CS, JB Cohen, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver, CR Field, KJ Ruskin, B Klingbeil, MD Correll, SG Roberts. April 2019. Saltmarsh sparrows warrant listing under the US Endangered Species Act. 75th Annual Meeting of the Northeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. Groton, Connecticut.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Kovach, AI, J Walsh, L Maxwell, JB Cohen, CS Elphick, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver. April 2019. Genetic considerations in saltmarsh sparrow management. 75th Annual Meeting of the Northeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. Groton, Connecticut.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Kocek, A, CS Elphick, TP Hodgman, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen, KJ Ruskin, WG Shriver, JB Cohen. April 2019. Conservation of tidal marsh sparrows in an urban setting: how habitat selection and fitness compare to range wide patterns. 75th Annual Meeting of the Northeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. Groton, Connecticut.
• Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Meaghan Conway. 2019. Niche Evolution along a Gradient of Ecological Specialization. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Maine. Orono, Maine.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Roberts, SG, RA Longenecker, MA Etterson, CS Elphick, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver. 2019. Preventing local extinctions of tidal marsh endemic Seaside Sparrows and Saltmarsh Sparrows in eastern North America. The Condor: Ornithological Applications 121(1):1-14. doi: 10.1093/condor/duy024.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: McCabe, JD, AJ Leppold, RL Holberton, BJ Olsen. 2019. Songbird body condition on migratory stopover in the Gulf of Maine varies by geographical location and bird age. The Auk: Ornithological Advances. doi: 10.1093/auk/ukz025
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Field, CR, KJ Ruskin, JB Cohen, TP Hodgman, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver, CS Elphick. 2019. Framework for quantifying population responses to disturbance reveals that coastal birds are highly resilient to hurricanes. Ecology Letters. doi: 10.1111/ele.13384.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Walsh, J, PM Benham, PE Deane-Coe, P Arcese, BG Butcher, YL Chan, ZA Cheviron, CS Elphick, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver, VL Winder, and IJ Lovette. 2019. Genomics of rapid ecological divergence and parallel adaptation in songbirds. Evolution Letters. doi:10.1002/evl3.126.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Olsen, BJ, JL Froehly, AC Borowske, CS Elphick, CR Field, AR Kocek, AI Kovach, RA Longenecker, WG Shriver, J Walsh, KJ Ruskin. 2019. A test of a corollary of Allens rule suggests a role for population density. Journal of Avian Biology 5(9): e02116. doi: 10.1111/jav.02116.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Conway, M, BJ Olsen. 2019. Contrasting drivers of diversification rates on islands and continents across three Passerine families. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.1757.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: McKnight, A, DB Irons, CS Loftin, ST McKinney, BJ Olsen. 2020. Combined influence of intrinsic and environmental factors in shaping productivity in a small pelagic gull, the black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Marine Ecology Progress Series 633:207-223. doi: 10.3354/meps13162.

Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18

Outputs
Target Audience:The proposed project serves the needs of many of Maine's citizens. The project's ultimate goal, to maintain a sustainable, viable, and diverse avian community within the state, will preserve an important part of Maine's rural sense of place. The immediate target audience is for those conservation practitioners and large land-holders who are interested in maintaining the state's avifauna. Birds, birdsong, and the recreational opportunities they represent arean important backdrop to Maine's natural setting. Indeed, ecotourism, especially for bird- watchers, is a quickly growing industry in Maine (Duchesne 2009. Maine Birding Trail. Down East Press, Rockport), and one, like many other outdoor industries, that is likely to provide disproportionate support for rural and isolated communities. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?During the previous period the project provided professional training for four MS students, four PhD students, and two undergraduates (two of whom wrote senior theses). How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?All tidal marsh results have been communicated to the Atlantic Coast Joint Venture, which is developing a conservation plan for tidal marshes on the Atlantic Seaboard and a separate conservation plan specifically aimed at the saltmarsh sparrow (Ammospiza caudacuta). We have also communicated all saltmarsh sparrow data to the US Fish and Wildlife Service special committee in charge of writing a report on the species and the Service considers listing it under the endangered species act. I also gave a talk to the public on wetland birds at the Bangor City Forest. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?During the next reporting period we will conduct active field seasons in tidal marshes across the northeastern US and in the rocky intertidal zone of Maine, and finish analysis and production of a dissertation on adaptation in tidal marsh sparrows and a thesis on bird use ofrocky intertidal habitats. A number of publications and professional presentations are also planned.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Tidal Marshes Conducted the first year of surveys under a 7-year grant through the USFWS to survey for tidal marsh health in restored and control marshes across the Northeastern US Seaboard. Further trialed a new field method to rapidly assess bird demography in tidal marshes using only a few visits to the site. Received a $4 million grant through NSF EPSCoR to study the limits and drivers of adaptation to change in coastal birds. Bird Migration Submitted one manuscript that describes changes in bird condition as a function of stopover habitats across coastal Maine. Developed a research plan to study migratory movements of Red-throated Loons across the Atlantic flyway. Rocky Intertidal Conducted a field season surveying bird use of and behavior in rocky intertidal habitats, deployed data loggers to record environmental conditions in Ascophyllum dominated habitats and began to develop a predictive model of bird use. Established relationships with four industry partners to experimentally harvest 100m-long sections of shoreline.

Publications

• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Walsh, JL, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver, IJ Lovette. April 2018. Genomics of admixture and asymmetrical introgression between two ecologically divergent sparrow species. 136th Stated Meeting of the American Ornithological Society. Tucson, Arizona
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Correll, MD, CS Elphick, W Hantson, TP Hodgman, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver. April 2018. Fine-scale mapping of coastal plant communities in the northeastern USA: measuring habitat of a declining marsh passerine. 136th Stated Meeting of the American Ornithological Society. Tucson, Arizona
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Conway, M, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen. April 2018. Intraspecific niche divergence within a geologically novel ecosystem. 136th Stated Meeting of the American Ornithological Society. Tucson, Arizona
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Ruskin, KJ, MA Etterson, TP Hodgman, A Borowske, JB Cohen, CS Elphick, CR Field, RA Kern, E King, A Kocek, AI Kovach, K OBrien, N Pau, WG Shriver, J Walsh, BJ Olsen. 2017. Demographic analysis demonstrates systematic but independent spatial variation in abiotic and biotic stressors across 59 percent of a global species range. The Auk: Ornithological Advances 134(4):903-916. doi: 10.1642/AUK-16-230.1.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Longenecker, RA, JL Bowman, BJ Olsen, SG Roberts, CS Elphick, PM Castelli, WG Shriver. 2018. Short-term resilience of New Jersey tidal marshes to Hurricane Sandy. Wetlands. doi:10.1007/s13157-018-1000-2.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Correll, MD, W Hantson, TP Hodgman, BB Cline, CS Elphick, WG Shriver, EL Tymkiw, and BJ Olsen. 2018. Fine-scale mapping of coastal plant communities in the Northeastern USA. Wetlands. doi: 10.1007/s13157-018-1028-3.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Walsh, J, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver, IJ Lovette. 2018. Bidirectional adaptive introgression between two ecologically divergent sparrow species. Evolution 71(10): 2076-2089. doi: 10.1111/evo.13581
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Wiest, WA, MD Correll, BG Marcot, BJ Olsen, CS Elphick, TP Hodgman, GR Guntenspergen, WG Shriver. 2018. Estimates of tidal-marsh bird densities using Bayesian networks. Journal of Wildlife Management 83(1): 109-120. doi: 10.1002/jwmg.21567.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Klingbeil, B, JB Cohen, MD Correll, CR Field, TP Hodgman, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver, WA Wiest, CS Elphick. 2018. Evaluating a focal species approach for tidal marsh bird conservation in the Northeastern United States. The Condor: Ornithological Applications 120(4): 874-885. doi: 10.1650/CONDOR-18-88.1
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Correll, MD, CS Elphick, W Hantson, BB Cline, EL Tymkiw, WG Shriver, BJ Olsen. 2018. A multi-scale comparison of elevation measurement methods in Northeastern USA tidal marshes. Wetlands. doi: 10.1007/s13157-018-1110-x.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2018 Citation: Roberts, SG, RA Longenecker, MA Etterson, CS Elphick, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver. In Press. Preventing local extinctions to tidal marsh endemic sparrows in Eastern North America. The Condor: Ornithological Applications
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2018 Citation: McKnight, Aly, DB Irons, CS Loftin, ST McKinney, BJ Olsen. Invited Revision. Influence of age and multiple stressors in shaping seabird productivity. Marine Ecology Progress Series.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2018 Citation: Adams, EM, KA Williams, BJ Olsen, DC Evers. Invited Revision. Mercury levels in songbirds on migratory stopover at Key Biscayne, Florida during spring and fall. Ecotoxicology Special Issue.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Ruskin, KJ, TP Hodgman, AC Borowske, JB Cohen, CS Elphick, CR Field, BJ Olsen. April 2018. Intraspecific niche breadth, but not position, is constant across a species range. 136th Stated Meeting of the American Ornithological Society. Tucson, Arizona
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2018 Citation: McCabe, JD, AJ Leppold, RL Holberton, BJ Olsen. Invited Revision. Songbird body condition on migratory stopover in the Gulf of Maine varies by geographical location and bird age. The Auk: Ornithological Advances
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2018 Citation: Walsh, J, PM Benham, PE Deane-Coe, P Arcese, BG Butcher, YL Chan, ZA Cheviron, CS Elphick, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver, VL Winder, and IJ Lovette. In Review. Genomics of rapid ecological divergence and parallel adaptation in songbirds. Evolution Letters.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2018 Citation: Olsen, BJ, JL Froehly, AC Borowske, CS Elphick, CR Field, AR Kocek, AI Kovach, RA Longenecker, WG Shriver, J Walsh, KJ Ruskin. In Review. A test of a corollary of Allen⿿s rule suggests a role for population density. Journal of Avian Biology.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2018 Citation: Kocek, AR, CS Elphick, TP Hodgman, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen, KJ Ruskin, WG Shriver, JB Cohen. In Review. Flexibility in nest site selection improves nest success of tidal marsh sparrows in urban surroundings. The Condor: Ornithological Applications
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Olsen, BJ, JL Walsh, M Conway, MD Correll, KJ Ruskin, AI Kovach. April 2018. Population differentiation of two tidal marsh sparrows and the implications for generalist-specialist cycling. 136th Stated Meeting of the American Ornithological Society. Tucson, Arizona
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Elphick, CS, JB Cohen, MD Correll, CR Field, TP Hodgman, BT Klingbeil, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen, KJ Ruskin, WG Shriver, EL Tymkiw. August 2018. Sea-level rise and growing extinction risk for tidal marsh specialist birds in eastern North America: current status and future conservation. IN (NJ Murray, MV Jackson, RA Fuller, session organizers) Loss of Tidal Wetlands Worldwide: Direct Anthropogenic Effects and Sea Level Rise. 27th International Ornithological Congress. Vancouver, British Columbia.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Maxwell, LM, J Walsh, BJ Olsen, AI Kovach. April 2018. Fitness consequences of hybridization in Saltmarsh and Nelson⿿s sparrows. 136th Stated Meeting of the American Ornithological Society. Tucson, Arizona
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Hantson, W, BJ Olsen, TP Hodgman, BB Cline, CS Elphick, GW Shriver, EL Tymkiw, MD Correll. February 2018. Fine-scale mapping of coastal plant communities in the northeastern USA. Delaware Wetlands Conference, Wilmington, Delaware

Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17

Outputs
Target Audience: The proposed project would serve the needs of many of Maine's citizens. The project's ultimate goal, to maintain a sustainable, viable, and diverse avian community within the state, will preserve an important part of Maine's rural sense of place. The immediate target audience is for those conservation practitioners and large land-holders who are interested in maintaining the state's avifauna. Birds, birdsong, and the recreational opportunities they represent are also an important backdrop to Maine's natural setting. Indeed, ecotourism, especially for bird- watchers, is a quickly growing industry in Maine (Duchesne 2009. Maine Birding Trail. Down East Press, Rockport), and one, like many other outdoor industries, that is likely to provide disproportionate support for rural and isolated communities. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?During the previous period the project provided professional training for two MS students (one of whom graduated), three PhD students, and seven undergraduates (four of whom wrote senior theses). How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Beyond the professional publications and presentations listed previously, the preliminary results of this project were presented to the public in Orono, Maine; the York County Chapter of National Audubon Society; and two public seminars at Ding Darling National Wildlife Refuge in Sanibel Island, Florida. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?During the next reporting period we will conduct active field seasons in tidal marshes across the northeastern US and in the rocky intertidal zone of Maine, and finish analysis and production of a thesis on bird use of these rocky intertidal habitats. A number of publications and professional presentations are also planned.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Tidal Marshes Obtained a 7-year grant through the USFWS to survey for tidal marsh health in restored and control marshes across the Northeastern US Seaboard. Bird Migration Published one article modeling bird migratory pathways across the Atlantic Flyway as a function of their selectivity of wind conditions. Rocky Intertidal Conducted a field season surveying bird use of and behavior in rocky intertidal habitats, deployed data loggers to record environmental conditions in Ascophyllum dominated habitats and began to develop a predictive model of bird use. Received two grants (through Maine IFW and UMaine SeaGrant) to continue these investigations for the next two years.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Correll, MD, WA Wiest, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver, CS Elphick, TP Hodgman. 2016. Habitat specialization explains avian persistence in tidal marshes. Ecosphere 7(11):e01506. doi:10.1002/ecs2.1506.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Pelletreau KN, T Andrews, N Armstrong, MA Bedell, F Dastoor, N Dean, S Erster, C Fata-Hartley, N Guild, H Greig, D Hall, JK Knight, D Koslowsky, PP Lemons, J Martin, J McCourt, J Merrill, R Moscarella, R Nehm, R Northington, BJ Olsen, L Prevost, J Stoltzfus, M Urban-Lurain, MK Smith. 2016. A clicker-based case study that untangles student thinking about the processes in the central dogma. CourseSource 3: 10p.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Ruskin, KJ^, MA Etterson, TP Hodgman, A Borowske, JB Cohen, CS Elphick, CR Field, RA Kern^, E King, AR Kocek, AI Kovach, KM O'Brien, N Pau, WG Shriver, J Walsh^, BJ Olsen. 2017. Seasonal fecundity is not related to geographic position across a species' global range despite a central peak in abundance. Oecologia 183(1), 291-301. doi: 10.1007/s00442-016-3745-8.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Walsh, J, IJ Lovette, VL Winder, CS Elphick, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver, AI Kovach. 2017. Subspecies delineation amid phenotypic, geographic, and genetic discordance in a songbird. Molecular Ecology. doi: 10.1111/mec.14010.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Walsh, J^, WG Shriver, MD Correll^, BJ Olsen, CS Elphick, TP Hodgman, RJ Rowe, KM OBrien, AI Kovach. 2017. Temporal shifts in the saltmarsh-Nelson's sparrow hybrid zone revealed by replicated demographic and genetic surveys. Conservation Genetics. doi:10.1007/s10592-016-0920-8
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2017 Citation: Elphick CS, J Cohen, MD Correll, CR Field, TP Hodgman, BT Klingbeil, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen, KJ Ruskin, WG Shriver, L Tymkiw, WA Wiest. June 2017. How can we manage coastal marshes for threatened species in light of sea-level rise? Annual Meeting of the Society of Wetland Scientists. San Juan, Puerto Rico.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2017 Citation: Walsh, J, A Kovach, WG Shriver, B Olsen, and I Lovette. February 2017. Genome-wide patterns of introgression in Ammodramus Sparrows. Gordon Research Conference  Speciation. Barga Lucca, Italy.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Roberts, SG, RA Kern^, MA Etterson, KJ Ruskin^, CS Elphick, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver. 2017. Factors that influence vital rates of Seaside and Saltmarsh sparrows in coastal New Jersey, USA. Journal of Field Ornithology 88(2):115-131. doi: 10.1111/jofo.12199
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Field, CR, KJ Ruskin^, B Benvenuti, A Borowske, J Cohen, L Garey^, TP Hodgman, R Kern^, E King, A Kocek, AI Kovach, K OBrien, BJ Olsen, N Pau, S Roberts, E Shelly, WG Shriver, J Walsh^, C Elphick. 2017. Quantifying the importance of geographic replication and representativeness when estimating demographic rates, using a coastal species as a case study. Ecography. doi: 10.1111/ecog.02424.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Correll, MD^, WA Wiest, TP Hodgman, J Kelley, BJ McGill, CS Elphick, WG Shriver, M Conway^, CR Field, BJ Olsen. 2017. A Pleistocene disturbance event explains modern diversity patterns in tidal marsh birds. Ecography. doi: 10.1111/ecog.02937
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: McCabe, JD^, BJ Olsen, B Osti, PO Koons. 2017. The influence of wind selectivity on migratory behavioral strategies. Behavioral Ecology. doi:10.1093/beheco/arx141.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Elphick, CS, BJ Olsen, WG Shriver, AI Kovach, J Cohen, MD Correll, CR Field, KJ Ruskin, WA Wiest, E Tymkiw, TP Hodgman. October 2016. Tidal marsh bird conservation in the northeastern United States. Annual Meeting of the Waterbird Society. New Bern, North Carolina.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2017 Citation: Conway, M, AI Kovach, BJ Olsen. July 2017. Structure of ecological specialization: Implications for conservation in a rapidly changing environment. 135th Stated Meeting of the American Ornithological Society. East Lansing, Michigan.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2017 Citation: Walsh, J, AI Kovach, WG Shriver, BJ Olsen, IJ Lovette. July 2017. Genomewide patterns of introgression in Saltmarsh and Nelsons Sparrows. 135th Stated Meeting of the American Ornithological Society. East Lansing, Michigan.
• Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Garey, LK. 2017. Community Structure and Food-web Dynamics in Northeastern US Tidal Marshes. M.S. Thesis. University of Maine. Orono, Maine, USA.