Source: UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE submitted to
INTEGRATED APPROACHES FOR MANAGING PLANT DISEASES IN TENNESSEE’S PRIMARY FIELD CROPS
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
TERMINATED
Funding Source
HATCH
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1006572
Grant No.
(N/A)
Project No.
TEN00480
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Program Code
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Oct 31, 2015
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2020
Grant Year
(N/A)
Project Director
Kelly, HE, MA.
Recipient Organization
UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE
2621 MORGAN CIR
KNOXVILLE,TN 37996-4540
Performing Department
Entomology & Plant Pathology
Non Technical Summary
Plant pathogens are caused by microscopic organisms that infect plants similar to microorganisms that cause infection on humans. Plant pathogens have the potential for limiting agricultural production. To manage plant pathogens an array of tools are used including cultural practices (tillage, planting date, etc.), varietal resistance, and application of fungicides. Loss of any one of these tools will increase the reliance on the others, which in turn will more readily lose efficacy from the increased dependency on them. Disease management education, demonstration and applied research programs are critical to provide information to agricultural clientele to reduce losses from disease and maintain the multiple tools for disease management. Disease management strategies increase growers' profitability and to have little to no effect on the environment. Multiple research trials in the field, greenhouse, and laboratory are established every year to collect data on different management practices, their efficacy and impact are recorded based on data collected and analyzed, and the results are presented and published.The University of Tennessee Field Crops Disease Management program targets extension agents, growers, crop consultants, retailers and other agricultural professionals who make management recommendations on field crops. Through presentations and publications on the results of applied research targeted audiences will gain and increase their knowledge on disease management issues, and increase those using IPM practices for disease management which will not only increase individuals efficiency and profit, but will also help maintain the efficacy of disease management tools and continue to minimize the impact on the environment.
Animal Health Component
0%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
15%
Applied
70%
Developmental
15%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
2124020116060%
2124010116010%
2124030116010%
2123130116020%
Knowledge Area
212 - Pathogens and Nematodes Affecting Plants;

Subject Of Investigation
3130 - Nematodes; 4020 - Fungi; 4010 - Bacteria; 4030 - Viruses;

Field Of Science
1160 - Pathology;
Goals / Objectives
The primary objective is to test multiple management approaches for diseases in field crops, including the development and validation of new strategies such as disease forecasting to better guide fungicide applications. A large focus is on disease management in soybean, utilizing cultivars, cultivation practices, and foliar fungicides. Specific goals are below.Evaluate seed and foliar fungicide treatment efficacy and profitability in field crop production in Tennessee.Determine disease thresholds, which will incorporate cultivar, growth stage, weather conditions, amount of disease present, cultural practices, as well as application costs and crop price so that a reliable and efficient risk forecast model can be developed and utilized.Monitor yearly disease epidemics in field crops including new and emerging issues such as fungicide resistance and more accurately identify and quantify the spatial distribution of field crops pathogenic pests in Tennessee field crops using morphological characteristics and molecular techniques.
Project Methods
Outlined below are the approaches and procedures that will be conducted to accomplish each objective, previously mentioned.Objective 1. To evaluate seed and foliar fungicide treatment efficacy and profitability in field crop production in Tennessee (objective 1) randomized, replicated field trials will be conducted at multiple locations, under varying conditions. Crop ratings such as stand counts, plant heights, yield, etc. will be recorded as well as disease ratings.Objective 2. To determine soybean disease thresholds, individual project(s) will be developed that address the following factors that contribute to disease development: cultivar, growth stage at infection, weather conditions, and disease development over time. More specifically, randomized, replicated field trials, greenhouse studies, and laboratory projects will be conducted to generate data on disease management practices. Such trials include soybean commercial cultivar screening, fungicide efficacy trials, individual studies on the epidemiology of diseases, disease threshold projects, and inoculum dispersal studies which all feed into disease forecast models. Investigations into new technologies, such as nozzle types and arrangements for pesticide application and how they will impact disease management will be conducted. Collaboration with an economist will be developed to determine application costs and crop price to be incorporated into the soybean disease threshold and risk forecast model.Objective 3. Soybean sentinel plots will be established and scouted to monitor for disease development and fungicide resistance. Similarly, consultants, county agents, producers, and other agricultural clientele will be utilized for monitoring disease development. Molecular techniques will be developed such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and real-time/quantitative PCR to further identify plant pathogens as well as to understand pathogen population genetic, pathogenicity, and monitoring of spore dispersal.The data from these different studies (for all the objectives) will be evaluated using appropriate and accepted statistical analyzes and further interpreted using other research published in scientific journals and/or extension publications. The data generated will be utilized in, news/blog articles, scientific journal articles, multiple computer and mobile applications, extension fact sheets, disease identification guides, disease distribution maps, webinars, guest lectures and presentations at both extension and research venues. Hands-on workshops will be conducted to deliver disease management information to agricultural clientele through scout schools, field days, extension meetings, and individual field visits. Electronic analytics will be utilized to measure news/blog articles and webpage visits. Surveys will be conducted at extension meetings, county agent and consultant trainings, and other workshops to assess participates' understanding and use of the disease management practices and new data being provided. The estimated value of the new knowledge to farmers, consultants, etc. will be evaluated in such surveys as well as the amount of acreage utilizing multiple disease management practices.

Progress 10/31/15 to 09/30/20

Outputs
Target Audience:The primary target audience is agricultural clientele including farmers, county agents, consultants, pesticide distributors, industry representatives, and other university researchers/scientists and students. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?In-service county agent trainings were conducted regarding major field crops in Tennessee where disease identification and management was taught. Additionally, more than 40county production meetings, more than 20field days, 5 grain conferences, and 6 guest lectures were provided to assist agricultural clientele and students achieve greater proficiency in disease identification and management in field crops. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?In addition to the opportunities for training and professional development the project provided, presentations at technical meetings for field crops and diseases provided results to the scientific community along with journal articles and conference publications. Furthermore, multiple popular press and newsletter/blog articles were written that provided information from this project to agricultural clientele. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? The research and Extension conducted provide unbiased evidence of the efficacy of cultivar resistance and fungicides in regard to difference cultural practices to agricultural clientele including farmers, county agents, consultants, pesticide distributors, industry representatives, and other university researchers/scientists and students. Multiple field trials were conducted that evaluated seed and foliar fungicide treatments against diseases in soybean, corn, and wheat in Tennessee. Disease and yield data were collected, were/are being analyzed, and have been/will be shared with agricultural economics to better guide use of these tools in field crop production systems in Tennessee. Additional field trials were conducted that evaluated different commercial soybean cultivars' in different disease pressure locations and combination and single fungicide products were evaluated to be paired with lab screening for fungicide resistance for frogeye leaf spot and target spot. Response to foliar fungicide were recorded as well as yield. This information is being utilized in building the foundation for a soybean disease risk/threshold model that will help forecast when it is economical to apply a foliar fungicide to protect yield. To monitor the disease epidemics research locations and soybean sentinel plots were used to rate foliar diseases as well as QoI fungicide and other fungicide resistances in the frogeye leaf spot and target spot pathogens in soybean and also cotton for the latter. The incidence and severity of foliar diseases from the sentinel plots have been and will be utilized to better understand spatial distribution of diseases across the state and within a season. All information produced will be analyzed in a larger dataset to assess cultivar, growth stage, weather conditions, amount of disease present, cultural practices, application costs, and crop price to better guide the best disease management recommendations for field crops in Tennessee. Preliminary results are provided in Extension publications, newsletter/blog articles, Extension production meetings, grain conferences, journal articles, disease distribution maps, as well as other technical venues.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Kristina Petrovic, Demetra Skaltsas, Lisa Castlebury, Brian Kontz, Tom Allen, Martin I Chilvers, Nancy Fisher Gregory, Heather M Kelly, Alyssa M Koehler, Nathan Michael Kleczewski, Daren S. Mueller, Trey Price, Damon L. Smith, and Febina Merlin Mathew. 2020. Diaporthe seed decay of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is endemic in the United States, but new fungi are involved. Plant Disease. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-20-0604-RE
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Daren S Mueller, Kiersten A Wise, Adam J Sisson, Tom W Allen, Gary C Bergstrom, Kaitlyn M Bissonnette, Carl A Bradley, Emmanuel Byamukama, Martin I Chilvers, Alyssa A Collins, Paul D Esker, Travis R Faske, Andrew J Friskop, Austin K Hagan, Ron W Heiniger, Clayton A Hollier, Tom Isakeit, Tamra A Jackson-Ziems, Douglas J Jardine, Heather M Kelly, Nathan M Kleczewski, Alyssa M Koehler, Steve R Koenning, Dean K Malvick, Hillary L Mehl, Ron F Meyer, Pierce A Paul, Angie J Peltier, Paul P Price, Alison E Robertson, Gregory W Roth, Edward J Sikora, Damon L Smith, Connie A Tande, Darcy EP Telenko, Albert U Tenuta, Lindsey D Thiessen, William J Wiebold. 2020. Corn Yield Loss Estimates Due to Diseases in the United States and Ontario, Canada, from 2016 to 2019. Plant Health Progress. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHP-05-20-0038-RS
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Ty Smith, Heather M Kelly, Zachariah R Hansen. 2020. Fungicide efficacy on target spot in Tennessee soybean and cotton. Plant Health 2020 Online. https://apsnet.confex.com/apsnet/2020/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/16451
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Rachel Guyer, Heather M Kelly. 2020. Mentoring Undergraduate Interns in Extension and Research. Plant Health 2020 Online. https://apsnet.confex.com/apsnet/2020/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/17019
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Jhonatan Barro, Emerson M Del Ponte, Tom Allen, Jason P Bond, Travis R Faske, Clayton A Hollier, Yuba R Kandel, Heather M Kelly, Nathan M Kleczewski, Daren S Mueller, Paul Price, Edward J Sikora, Carl A Bradley. 2020. Meta-analysis of fungicide performance for managing frogeye leaf spot on soybean in the United States. Plant Health 2020 Online. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oi=bibs&cluster=15826020718325313437&btnI=1&hl=en
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Elias Zuchelli, Eduarda Sch�tz, Rachel Guyer, Heather M Kelly. 2020. Cercospora sojina sensitivity to DeMethylation Inhibitors and Methyl Benzimidazole Carbamates fungicides in Tennessee. Plant Health 2020 Online. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oi=bibs&cluster=1236294257949710573&btnI=1&hl=en
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Shelly Pate, Heather M Kelly, Rachel Guyer, Kathy S Lawrence, Alejandro Rojas, Robert Kemerait, Patrick D Colyer, Paul Price, Tessie Wilkerson, Tom Allen, Lindsey D Thiessen, Thomas S Isakeit, Hillary L Mehl. 2020. Analyzing Populations of Cotton Seedling Disease and Evaluating Seed Treatment Efficacy for 2018 and 2019. Plant Health 2020 Online. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oi=bibs&cluster=10902185567164893868&btnI=1&hl=en
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: TM Smith, HM Kelly, ZR Hansen. 2020. Fungicide sensitivity screening for Corynespora cassiicola and field evaluations. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 110 (7), 4-4.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: TG Garcia-Aroca, P Price, M Tomaso-Peterson, T Wilkerson, TN Spurlock, TR Faske, BH Bluhm, KN Conner, EJ Sikora, R Guyer, HM Kelly, T Allen, V Doyle. 2020. Taproot decline of soybean is caused by a novel Xylaria sp. that produces phytotoxins associated with foliar symptoms. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 110 (7), 7-7
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: R Akinrinlola, HM Kelly, T Sinclair, A Shekoofa. 2020. Physiological effects of soybean cyst nematode on real time N-2-fixation activity, and leaf growth parameters of three soybean lines. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 110 (7), 11-11
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: R Guyer, S Pate, TG Garcia, VP Doyle, T Price, HM Kelly. 2020. First Report of Taproot Decline Caused by Xylaria sp. on Soybean in Tennessee. Plant Disease. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-20-0947-PDN
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: HL Mehl, NS Dufault, TW Allen, AK Hagan, P Price, RC Kemerait, H Kelly, MJ Mulvaney, RL Nichols. 2020. Multiyear Regional Evaluation of Foliar Fungicide Applications for Cotton Target Spot Management in the Southeastern United States. Plant Disease 104 (2), 438-447


Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19

Outputs
Target Audience:The primary target audience is agricultural clientele including farmers, county agents, consultants, pesticide distributors, industry representatives, and other university researchers/scientists and students as these groups represent those making and implementing disease management decisions in field crops. Efforts to reach the target audience included county agent in-service training, individual county production meetings, grain conferences, hands-on training during soybean scout schools and disease field day, classroom guest lecture, and presentations at technical working group meetings. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?In-service county agent trainings were conducted regarding major field crops in Tennessee where disease identification and management was taught. Additionally, 10county production meetings, 6 field days, 1 grain conferences, and 3guest lectures were provided to assist agricultural clientele and students achieve greater proficiency in disease identification and management in field crops. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?In addition to the opportunities for training and professional development the project provided, presentations at technical meetings for field crops and diseases provided results to the scientific community along with journal articles and conference publications. Furthermore, multiple popular press and newsletter/blog articles were written that provided information from this project to agricultural clientele. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Additional field research trials will be conducted to further build and validate risk/threshold models for diseases in field crops in Tennessee. Similarly, yearly disease epidemics will be recorded and new and emerging issues such as fungicide resistance will be monitored using morphological characteristics and molecular techniques - expanding on the fungicide resistance to include screening for other fungicide group insensitivity development (pending funding from additional sources). Continued collaboration with agricultural economics will generate Extension and research publications to disseminate the economic value of best disease management strategies in field crops in Tennessee. Similar opportunities for training and professional development will be provided as well as products to disseminate results to agricultural clientele and popular press articles to relate agricultural research to the general public

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Plant pathogens continually challenge the production and security of food. To manage plant pathogens an array of toolsare used including cultural practices, cultivar resistance, and application of fungicides. Loss of any one of these tools will increase the reliance on the others, which in turn they will more readily lose efficacy with the increased dependency on them. The research and Extension conducted provide unbiased evidence of the efficacy of cultivar resistance and fungicides in regard to difference cultural practices to agricultural clientele including farmers, county agents, consultants, pesticide distributors, industry representatives, and other university researchers/scientists and students. Multiple field trials were conducted that evaluated seed and foliar fungicide treatments against diseases in soybean, corn, and wheat in Tennessee. Disease and yield data were collected, are being analyzed, and will be shared with agricultural economics to better guide use of these tools in field crop production systems in Tennessee. Additional field trials were conducted that evaluated different commercial soybean cultivars' in different disease pressure locations and combination and single fungicide products were evaluated to be paired with lab screening for fungicide resistance for frogeye leaf spot and target spot. Response to foliar fungicide were recorded as well as yield. This information is being utilized in building the foundation for a soybean disease risk/threshold model that will help forecast when it is economical to apply a foliar fungicide to protect yield. To monitor the disease epidemics research locations and soybean sentinel plots were used to rate foliar diseases as well as QoI fungicide and other fungicide resistances in the frogeye leaf spot and target spot pathogens in soybean and also cotton for the latter. The incidence and severity of foliar diseases from the sentinel plots will be utilized to better understand spatial distribution of diseases across the state and within a season. All information produced will be analyzed in a larger dataset to assess cultivar, growth stage, weather conditions, amount of disease present, cultural practices, application costs, and crop price to better guide the best disease management recommendations for field crops in Tennessee. Preliminary results are provided in Extension publications, newsletter/blog articles, Extension production meetings, grain conferences, journal articles, disease distribution maps, as well as other technical venues.

Publications

  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: 2019. Cotton Cultivar Disease Incidence, Severity, and Yields When Challenged with Verticillium Wilt in the Tennessee Valley Region, 2018. Cotton Beltwide Conference Published Report.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Hillary Laureen Mehl, Nicholas Steven Dufault, Tom Allen, Austin Hagan, Trey Price, Robert Kemerait, Heather M Kelly, Michael Mulvaney, and Robert L Nichols. 2019. Multi-year regional evaluation of foliar fungicide applications for cotton target spot management in the southeastern U.S.Plant Disease.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Rufus Akinrinlola, and Heather M. Kelly. 2019. Population distributions and densities of plant parasitic nematodes in Tennessee and Kentucky field crops. Phytopathology S1.1 https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-109-9-S1.1
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Rachel Guyer, Larissa Visioli, Jonathan Lacey and Heather M. Kelly. 2019. The effects of Soybean vein necrosis virus on soybean yield in West Tennessee. Phytopathology S1.1 https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-109-9-S1.1
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Shelly Pate, Heather M. Kelly and Rachel Guyer. 2019.Evaluation of current and future methods of the National Cottonseed Treatment Trial. Phytopathology S1.1 https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-109-9-S1.1


Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18

Outputs
Target Audience:The primary target audience is agricultural clientele including farmers, county agents, consultants, pesticide distributors, industry representatives, and other university researchers/scientists and students as these groups represent those making and implementing disease management decisions in field crops. Efforts to reach the target audience included county agent in-service training, individual county production meetings, grain conferences, hands-on training during soybean scout schools and disease field day, classroom guest lecture, and presentations at technical working group meetings. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Three in-service county agent trainings were conducted regarding major field crops in Tennessee where disease identification and management was taught. Additionally, 12 county production meetings, 7 field days, 3 grain conferences, and 2 guest lectures/disease diagnostic courses were provided to assist agricultural clientele and students achieve greater proficiency in disease identification and management in field crops. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?In addition to the opportunities for training and professional development the project provided, presentations at technical meetings for field crops and diseases provided results to the scientific community along with journal articles and conference publications. Furthermore, multiple popular press and newsletter/blog articles were written that provided information from this project to agricultural clientele. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Additional field research trials will be conducted to further build and validate risk/threshold models for diseases in field crops in Tennessee. Similarly, yearly disease epidemics will be recorded and new and emerging issues such as fungicide resistance will be monitored using morphological characteristics and molecular techniques - expanding on the fungicide resistance to include screening for other fungicide group insensitivity development (pending funding from additional sources). Continued collaboration with agricultural economics will generate Extension and research publications to disseminate the economic value of best disease management strategies in field crops in Tennessee. Similar opportunities for training and professional development will be provided as well as products to disseminate results to agricultural clientele and popular press articles to relate agricultural research to the general public

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Plant pathogens continually challenge the production and security of food. To manage plant pathogens an array of tools areused including cultural practices, cultivar resistance, and application of fungicides. Loss of any one of these tools will increase the reliance on the others, which in turn they will more readily lose efficacy with the increased dependency on them. The research and Extension conducted provide unbiased evidence of the efficacy of cultivar resistance and fungicides in regard to difference cultural practices to agricultural clientele including farmers, county agents, consultants, pesticide distributors, industry representatives, and other university researchers/scientists and students. Multiple field trials were conducted that evaluated seed and foliar fungicide treatments against diseases in soybean, corn, and wheat in Tennessee. Disease and yield data were collected, are being analyzed, and will be shared with agricultural economics to better guide use of these tools in field crop production systems in Tennessee. Additional field trials were conducted that evaluated different commercial soybean cultivars' in different disease pressure locations and combination and single fungicide products were evaluated to be paired with lab screening for fungicide resistance for frogeye leaf spot and target spot. Response to foliar fungicide were recorded as well as yield. This information is being utilized in building the foundation for a soybean disease risk/threshold model that will help forecast when it is economical to apply a foliar fungicide to protect yield. To monitor the disease epidemics research locations and soybean sentinel plots were used to rate foliar diseases as well as QoI fungicide and other fungicide resistances in the frogeye leaf spot and target spot pathogens in soybean and also cotton for the latter. The incidence and severity of foliar diseases from the sentinel plots will be utilized to better understand spatial distribution of diseases across the state and within a season. All information produced will be analyzed in a larger dataset to assess cultivar, growth stage, weather conditions, amount of disease present, cultural practices, application costs, and crop price to better guide the best disease management recommendations for field crops in Tennessee. Preliminary results are provided in Extension publications, newsletter/blog articles, Extension production meetings, grain conferences, journal articles, disease distribution maps, as well as other technical venues.

Publications

  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Heather M. Kelly. 2018. IPM in soybean  investigations in pairing cultivars, fungicides, and application timings to maximize disease control and yield. Phytopathology (Nov. Suppl. issue). International Congress of Plant Pathologists (joint meeting with American Phytopathological Society). Boston, MA Aug. 2018. Poster
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Rachel Guyer and Heather M. Kelly. 2018. Investigation of new soil born pathogen on soybean (Glycine max) in Tennessee. Phytopathology (Nov. Suppl. issue). International Congress of Plant Pathologists (joint meeting with American Phytopathological Society). Boston, MA Aug. 2018. Poster
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Clay Perkins, Scott Stewart, Heather Kelly. 2018. Integrated Approaches to Managing Aphids and Barley Yellow Dwarf in Tennessee Wheat. 2018 Beltwide Cotton Conference, San Antonio, TX Jan. 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Hilary Mehl, Heather Kelly, et al. 2018. The target spot regional project: what have we learned? 2018 Beltwide Cotton Conference, San Antonio, TX Jan. 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Kathy Lawrence, Heather Kelly, et al. 2018. Cotton Cultivar Disease Incidence, Severity, and Yields When Challenged with Verticillium Wilt in the Tennessee Valley Region, 2017. 2018 Beltwide Cotton Conference, San Antonio, TX Jan. 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Clay Perkins, Scott Stewart, Heather Kelly. 2018. Integrated approaches to managing aphids and barley yellow dwarf in Tennessee wheat. Southern Division American Phytopathological Society meeting in Fayetteville, AR Feb. 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Accepted Year Published: 2018 Citation: Rachel Guyer, Elias Zuchelli, and Heather Kelly. 2018. Evaluation of screening methods for soil-borne diseases of soybean (Glycine max) in west Tennessee. Southern Soybean Disease Workers Meeting in Pensacola Beach, FL Mar. 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Heather Kelly and Binbin Lin. 2018. Evaluation of spore traps and molecular tools for a fungicide decision model for frogeye leaf spot. Southern Soybean Disease Workers Meeting in Pensacola Beach, FL Mar. 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Heather Kelly. 2018. Building a foundation for cultivar and fungicide selection decisions in soybean. Southern Soybean Disease Workers Meeting in Pensacola Beach, FL Mar. 2018.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Guirong Zhang, Heather Kelly, et al. 2018. Wide occurence of Quinone Outside Inhibitor Fungicide-Resistant Isolates of Cercospora sojina, causal agent of frogeye leaf spiot of soybean, in the United States. Plant Health Progress 19:295-302.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Alemu Mengistu, Heather Kelly, et al. 2018. Quantifying the Effects of Fungicides and Tillage on Cercospora sojina Severity and Yield of Soybean. Plant Health Progress 19(3), 226-232.


Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17

Outputs
Target Audience:The primary target audience is agricultural clientele including farmers, county agents, consultants, pesticide distributors, industry representatives, and other university researchers/scientists and students as these groups represent those making and implementing disease management decisions in field crops. Efforts to reach the target audience included county agent in-service training, individual county production meetings, grain conferences, hands-on training during soybean scout schools and disease field day, classroom guest lecture, and presentations at technical working group meetings. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Three in-service county agent trainings were conducted regarding major field crops in Tennessee where disease identification and management was taught. Additionally, 12 county production meetings, 7 field days, 3 grain conferences, and 2 guest lectures/disease diagnostic courses were provided to assist agricultural clientele and students achieve greater proficiency in disease identification and management in field crops. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?In addition to the opportunities for training and professional development the project provided, presentations at technical meetings for field crops and diseases provided results to the scientific community along with journal articles and conference publications. Furthermore, multiple popular press and newsletter/blog articles were written that provided information from this project to agricultural clientele. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Additional field research trials will be conducted to further build and validate risk/threshold models for diseases in field crops in Tennessee. Similarly, yearly disease epidemics will be recorded and new and emerging issues such as fungicide resistance will be monitored using morphological characteristics and molecular techniques - expanding on the fungicide resistance to include screening for other fungicide group insensitivity development (pending funding from additional sources). Continued collaboration with agricultural economics will generate Extension and research publications to disseminate the economic value of best disease management strategies in field crops in Tennessee. Similar opportunities for training and professional development will be provided as well as products to disseminate results to agricultural clientele and popular press articles to relate agricultural research to the general public.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Plant pathogens continually challenge the production and security of food. To manage plant pathogens an array of tools are used including cultural practices, cultivar resistance, and application of fungicides. Loss of any one of these tools will increase the reliance on the others, which in turn they will more readily lose efficacy with the increased dependency on them. The research and Extension conducted provide unbiased evidence of the efficacy of cultivar resistance and fungicides in regard to difference cultural practices to agricultural clientele including farmers, county agents, consultants, pesticide distributors, industry representatives, and other university researchers/scientists and students. Multiple field trials were conducted that evaluated seed and foliar fungicide treatments against diseases in soybean, corn, and wheat in Tennessee. Disease and yield data were collected, are being analyzed, and will be shared with agricultural economics to better guide use of these tools in field crop production systems in Tennessee. Additional field trials were conducted that evaluated different commercial soybean cultivars' in different disease pressure locations and spore traps were tested at these locations - where inoculum was estimated using molecular tools. Disease resistance and response to foliar fungicide were recorded as well as yield. This information is being utilized in building the foundation for a soybean disease risk/threshold model that will help forecast when it is economical to apply a foliar fungicide to protect yield. To monitor the disease epidemics research locations and soybean sentinel plots were used to rate foliar diseases as well as QoI fungicide resistance in the frogeye leaf spot pathogen in soybean. The incidence and severity of foliar diseases from the sentinel plots will be utilized to better understand spatial distribution of diseases across the state and within a season. All information produced will be analyzed in a larger dataset to assess cultivar, growth stage, weather conditions, amount of disease present, cultural practices, application costs, and crop price to better guide the best disease management recommendations for field crops in Tennessee. Preliminary results are provided in Extension publications, newsletter/blog articles, Extension production meetings, grain conferences, journal articles, disease distribution maps, as well as other technical venues.

Publications

  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Binbin Lin, Heather M. Kelly, Hao Yu and Alemu Mengistu.2017. Coupling Spore Traps and Quantitative PCR Assays for Detection of Cercospora sojina, the Causal Agent of Soybean Frogeye Leaf Spot. Phytopathology (Nov. Suppl. issue). Annual American Phytopathological Society Meeting, San Antonia, TX Aug. 2017. Poster
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Sandesh Kumar Shrestha, Alicia Cochran, Alemu Mengistu, Kurt Lamour, Arturo Castro-Rocha, Heather Young-Kelly.2017. Genetic diversity, QoI fungicide resistance, and mating type distribution of Cercospora sojinaImplications for the disease dynamics of frogeye leaf spot on soybean. PLoS ONE12(5): e0177220. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177220
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Shrestha SK, Lamour K, Young-Kelly H. 2017. Genome sequences and SNP analyses of Corynespora cassiicola from cotton and soybean in the southeastern United States reveal limited diversity. PLoS ONE12(9): e0184908. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184908


Progress 10/31/15 to 09/30/16

Outputs
Target Audience:The primary target audience is agricultural clientele including farmers, county agents, consultants, pesticide distributors, industry representatives, and other university researchers/scientists and students as these groups represent those making and implementing disease management decisions in field crops. Efforts to reach the target audience included county agent in-service training, individual county production meetings, grain conferences, hands-on training during soybean scout schools and disease field day, classroom guest lecture, and presentations at technical working group meetings. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Three in-service county agent trainings were conducted regarding major field crops in Tennessee where disease identification and management was taught. Additionally, 12county production meetings, 7field days, 3grain conferences, and 2 guest lectures/disease diagnostic courses were provided to assist agricultural clientele and students achieve greater proficiency in disease identification and management in field crops. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?In addition to the opportunities for training and professional development the project provided, presentations at technical meetings for field crops and diseases provided results to the scientific community along with journal articles and conference publications. Furthermore, multiple popular press and newsletter/blog articles were written that provided information from this project to agricultural clientele. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Additional field research trials will be conducted to further build and validate risk/threshold models for diseases in field crops in Tennessee. Similarly, yearly disease epidemics will be recorded and new and emerging issues such as fungicide resistance will be monitored using morphological characteristics and molecular techniques - expanding on the fungicide resistance to include screening for DMI fungicide insensitivity development. Continued collaboration with agricultural economics will generate Extension and research publications to disseminate the economic value of best disease management strategies in field crops in Tennessee. Similar opportunities for training and professional development will be provided as well as products to disseminate results to agricultural clientele and popular press articles to relate agricultural research to the general public.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Plant pathogens continually challenge the production and security of food.To manage plant pathogens an array of tools are used including cultural practices, cultivar resistance, and application of fungicides. Loss of any one of these tools will increase the reliance on the others, which in turn they will more readily lose efficacy with the increased dependency on them. Theresearch and Extension conducted provide unbiased evidence of the efficacy of cultivar resistance and fungicides in regard to difference cultural practices to agricultural clientele includingfarmers, county agents, consultants, pesticide distributors, industry representatives, and other university researchers/scientists and students. Multiple field trials were conducted that evaluated seed and foliar fungicide treatments against diseases in soybean, corn, and wheat in Tennessee. Disease and yield data were collected, are being analyzed, and will be shared with agricultural economics to better guide use of these tools in field crop production systems in Tennessee. Additional field trials were conducted that evaluated different commercial soybean cultivars' in different disease pressure locations. Disease resistance and response tofoliar fungicide were recorded as well as yield. This information is being utilized in building the foundation for a soybean disease risk/threshold model that will help forecast when it is economical to apply a foliar fungicide to protect yield. To monitor the disease epidemics research locations and soybean sentinel plots were used to rate foliar diseases as well as QoI fungicide resistance in the frogeye leaf spot pathogen in soybean. The incidence and severity of foliar diseases from the sentinel plots will be utilized to better understand spatial distribution of diseases across the state and within a season. All information producedwill beanalyzed in a largerdataset to assess cultivar, growth stage, weather conditions, amount of disease present, cultural practices, application costs, and crop price to better guide the best disease management recommendations for field crops in Tennessee. Preliminary results are provided in Extension publications, newsletter/blog articles, Extension production meetings, grain conferences, journal articles, disease distribution maps, as well as other technical venues.

Publications

  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Kelly, H.M. 2016. Decision models for fungicide applications for frogeye leaf spot in soybean. Phytopathology (Nov. Suppl. issue). Annual American Phytopathological Society Meeting, Tampa, FL Aug. 2016. Poster
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Accepted Year Published: 2016 Citation: Butler, S., Mueller, T., Kruger, G., and Kelly, H. 2016. Influence of application technology on foliar fungicide efficacy in Cercospora sojina infected soybean. Phytopathology 106:4S, S2.6-S2.17. Southern Division of American Phytopathological Society Meeting, Balm, FL Feb. 2016.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2016 Citation: Cochran, A. M. and Kelly, H. M. 2016. Evaluation of fungicide efficacy wheat diseases, 2015. Plant Disease Management Report. Volume 10(2), Field Crops Section
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2016 Citation: Cochran, A. M. and Kelly, H. M. 2016. Evaluation of fungicide efficacy and application timing against gray leaf spot in corn, 2015. Plant Disease Management Report. Volume 10(2), Field Crops Section.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2016 Citation: Lin, B, Jordan*, W. J., and Kelly, H. M. 2016. Field evaluation of fungicide efficacy on frogeye leaf spot and target spot, 2015. Plant Disease Management Report. Volume 10(2), Field Crops Section.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2016 Citation: Boyer, C. N., Harmon, X., Smith, S. A., Lambert, D. M., Kelly, H. M., Jordan, J. and Newman, M. 2016. A Two-Stage Approach for Estimating the Value of Damage Control with Fungicide in Soybean Production. Journal of Agriculture and Applied Economics. Accepted 2016.