Progress 05/15/11 to 08/31/13
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416): Determine the antimicrobial resistance of E. coli from cattle reared with various antibiotic usage regimens. Are there intervention strategies that can reverse antimicrobial resistance? Approach (from AD-416): 1) Will culture approximately 1000 cattle fecal samples for E. coli; 2) E. coli will be tested for antibiotic sensitivities; 3) Resistant bacteria will be genotypically characterized; and 4) Antibiotic usage practices will be altered and cattle populations re-distributed to reduce antibiotic resistance. The goal of this project is to develop technology to preserve efficacy of existing antibiotics used in animal and human medicine. Antibiotic resistance is on the rise globally, and there is concern that antibiotic use in livestock production may increase the risk and severity of human disease from exposure to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. In FY 2013, project work assessed the antimicrobial resistance status of gut bacteria collected from feedlot cattle initially treated with an antibiotic, and from cattle that had remained untreated. Results showed that while the treated cattle tended to have more antimicrobial-resistant bacteria during the first two weeks, there were no differences in antimicrobial resistance of gut bacteria after two months. Project work, overall, has established that succession of short-term antibiotic treatment enables some antimicrobial-sensitive bacteria to out-compete and displace resistant bacteria, and reaffirms that good animal production practices such as the judicious use of antimicrobials, the segregation of sick and healthy animals, and the manipulation of beneficial gut bacteria can be used to improve animal health and reduce the acquisition and persistence of antimicrobial-resistant populations in feedlot cattle. This project expired in FY 2013.
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Progress 10/01/11 to 09/30/12
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416): Determine the antimicrobial resistance of E. coli from cattle reared with various antibiotic usage regimens. Are there intervention strategies that can reverse antimicrobial resistance? Approach (from AD-416): 1) Will culture approximately 1000 cattle fecal samples for E. coli; 2) E. coli will be tested for antibiotic sensitivities; 3) Resistant bacteria will be genotypically characterized; and 4) Antibiotic usage practices will be altered and cattle populations re-distributed to reduce antibiotic resistance. This is a new project with the goal of developing technologies to preserve efficacies of existing antibiotics. Increased antimicrobial resistance has been observed in bacterial pathogens encountered in human and veterinary medicine. Project work in FY 2012 focused on identifying factors affecting the transmission of antimicrobial-sensitive and - resistant bacterial populations between different groups of feedlot cattle. The work established that sensitive bacterial populations were often times able to displace resistant bacterial populations; efforts to elucidate reasons for this preferential colonization are ongoing. Data from project research indicates that animal production practices such as the judicious use of antimicrobials, the segregation of sick and healthy animals, and the manipulation of beneficial gut bacteria can be used to improve animal health and reduce the acquisition and persistence of antimicrobial-resistant populations in feedlot cattle. This project expires in early FY 2013, but the work will be continued by the parent project in ongoing cooperation with the collaborator.
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