Progress 03/01/03 to 02/29/08
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) Develop and modify methods to produce deposited starch thin-film coatings obtained from jet-cooked starch solutions onto plastic substrates which can be used in commercial applications such as printing and sign coatings. Approach (from AD-416) Conditions developed in the laboratory will be modified so that preparation of starch coated plastic films and subsequent graft polymerizations can be scaled up to produce materials for commercial use. Commonly used plastics will be studied to determine whether their behavior is similar to PE for film adherence. Starches from plant sources other than corn e.g. wheat, potato, and rice will be studied as well as the use of cereal flour in place of starch. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations The objective of the CRADA was to develop commercially feasible methods for applying hydrophilic, starch-containing coatings to plastic film surfaces. Useful properties such as absorption of water-based dyes and inks, reduced electrostatic charging, and compatibility with aqueous reagents and biological fluids are imparted to plastic surfaces when they are modified to enhance their water compatibility. Under the CRADA, a spraying procedure was developed to apply water-receptive formulations prepared from jet cooked starch, epoxy resin, surfactant and wax emulsion to polyethylene film surfaces. Crosslinking the starch portion of the formulation resulted in improved adhesion of the coating to the surface. Additional experiments were carried out to determine the interactions that occur between starch and the other components of the coating formulation. Patent applications were prepared, and a manuscript was published in a peer reviewed journal. This research will expand the range of end-use applications for starch. Although the postdoctoral research associate assigned to this project left National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research (NCAUR) to accept a position in the private sector prior to completion of the CRADA, NCAUR scientists completed the project in cooperation with BRDC. The cooperator's office is located within the same facility and met regularly with the Authorized Departmental Officer's Designated Representative (ADODR). This research addresses NP 306, Component 2.
Impacts
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Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/07
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) Develop and modify methods to produce deposited starch thin-film coatings obtained from jet-cooked starch solutions onto plastic substrates which can be used in commercial applications such as printing and sign coatings. Approach (from AD-416) Conditions developed in the laboratory will be modified so that preparation of starch coated plastic films and subsequent graft polymerizations can be scaled up to produce materials for commercial use. Commonly used plastics will be studied to determine whether their behavior is similar to PE for film adherence. Starches from plant sources other than corn e.g. wheat, potato, and rice will be studied as well as the use of cereal flour in place of starch. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This report documents research conducted under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between Agricultural Research Services (ARS) and the Biotechnology Research and Development Consortium (BRDC). Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent CRIS 3620-41000-111D entitled "Preparation, Properties, and Commercial Applications of Starch-Lipid Compositions Prepared by Steam Jet Cooking." The objective of this project was to develop commercially feasible methods for applying hydrophilic, starch-containing coatings to plastic film surfaces. Useful properties (e.g., absorption of water-based dyes and inks, reduced electrostatic charging, and compatibility with aqueous reagents and biological fluids) are imparted to plastic surfaces when they are modified to enhance their water compatibility. A spraying procedure was developed to apply formulations prepared from jet-cooked starch, epoxy resin, surfactant and wax emulsion to polyethylene films. Crosslinking the starch portion of the formulation resulted in improved adhesion of the coating to the film surface. During this reporting period, additional experiments were carried out to determine the interactions that occur between starch and the other components of the formulation. A manuscript was prepared for publication. This research will expand the range of end-use applications for starch. The postdoctoral research associate assigned to this project left NCAUR to accept a position in the private sector. However, the NCAUR scientists have continued to work as described above in consultation with BRDC. The cooperator's office is located within the same facility and met regularly with the Authorized Departmental Officer's Designated Representative (ADODR).
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Progress 10/01/05 to 09/30/06
Outputs
Progress Report 4d Progress report. This report serves to document research conducted under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between ARS and Biotechnology Research and Development Consortium (BRDC). Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent CRIS 3620-41000-111D entitled "Preparation, Properties, and Commercial Applications of Starch- Lipid Compositions Prepared by Steam Jet Cooking". The major objective of this project was to modify earlier-developed techniques for depositing coatings of jet-cooked starch onto plastic film surfaces to enable these coatings to be applied in a commercial production process. It is necessary that the dry coatings remain firmly attached to the surface, even after bending or rubbing the coated film. The coatings must also remain attached to the surface when the film is placed in water. A spraying procedure was developed to apply formulations prepared from jet cooked starch to
polyethylene film surfaces. Formulations were prepared by adding minor amounts of an epoxy resin adhesion promoter, a surfactant and a wax emulsifier to aqueous dispersions of jet cooked starch. Crosslinking the starch portion of the formulation resulted in improved adhesion of the coating to the film surface. Research carried out during FY2006, showed that jet cooked starch-oil dispersions (i.e., FanteskTM) could be substituted for starch if the oil content of the FanteskTM dispersion was less than about 10% based on starch. Three U.S. patent applications were filed on the spray coating technology during this reporting period. Experiments were also carried out to determine the chemical interactions that occur between starch and the epoxy resin used in these formulations. Successful completion of this project will expand the range of end-use applications for water-repellent plastic films. Useful properties that are imparted to plastic materials when the surfaces are modified to
make them water-compatible include: absorption of water-based inks, reduced electrostatic charging, and compatibility with aqueous reagents and biological fluids.
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Progress 10/01/04 to 09/30/05
Outputs
4d Progress report. This report serves to document research conducted under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between ARS and Biotechnology Research and Development Consortium (BRDC). Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent CRIS, (3620-41000-111- 00D) Preparation, Properties and Commercial Applications of Starch-Lipid Compositions Prepared by Steam Jet cooking. The principle objective of this project is to modify techniques developed in the laboratory for depositing thin coatings of jet-cooked starch onto plastic surfaces, so that these coatings can be applied economically in a commercial production process. The dry coatings must remain firmly attached to the surface when the plastic article or film is bent, flexed or rubbed. It must also remain attached after the coating has been wet with water. During the past year a pneumatic spray procedure was developed to apply starch-containing formulations to
polyethylene surfaces. A stream of hot air was used in conjunction with the sprayer to instantly dry the aqueous droplets as soon as they contacted the plastic surface. When minor amounts of an adhesion promoter, a surfactant and a wax emulsifier were added to jet cooked starch dispersions, the sprayed-on coatings became firmly attached to polyethylene surfaces after drying. When the coating was crosslinked by adding a commonly used crosslinking resin to the formulation, the coating remained firmly attached even after wetting with water. These improvements will expand the range of potential commercial applications.
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Progress 10/01/03 to 09/30/04
Outputs
4. What were the most significant accomplishments this past year? D. Progress Report: This report serves to document research conducted under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between ARS and Biotechnology Research and Development Consortium (BRDC) which replaces 3620-41000-089- 06T. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent Current Research and Information System (CRIS), (3620-41000-089- 00D) Preparation, Properties and Commercial Applications of Starch-Lipid Composites (Fantesk). The objectives of this project are to: (1) Modify techniques developed in the laboratory for depositing thin starch coatings from jet-cooked starch solutions onto plastic surfaces, so that these coatings can be applied economically on a commercial scale; (2) Develop techniques for large-scale graft polymerization of acrylonitrile and other monomer systems onto starch-coated plastic surfaces; (3) Investigate commercial applications for
starch-coated plastics and their graft polymerized derivatives; and (4) Develop methods for tailoring the surface properties of starch-coated plastics for specific end-use applications. A postdoctoral research associate has been hired to carry out the research on this project. Initial studies have shown that the process for applying starch coatings to film surfaces can be greatly simplified by spraying the film surfaces with dilute water dispersons of jet cooked starch. Commercially available polymer solutions and emulsions are currently being evaluated for their abilities to enhance the adhesion of starch coatings to plastic surfaces.
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